DEPARTMENT OF COLLEGIATE AND TECHNICAL

EDUCATION
GOVERNMENT OF KARANTAKA

S J (GOVT.) POLYTECHNIC, BENGALURU-560001

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS
PROJECT WORK SYNOPSIS

SUBMITTED BY:

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

RAVISHANKAR C V – B.E
HOD / SL. GR. LECT
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS

SUBJECT CO-ORDINATOR HOD

PRINCIPAL
 IN MEMORY OF

Sri Jayachamarajendra Wodeyar

(1919-1974)

Founder of

Sri Jayachamarajendra (Govt) Polytechnic

Sheshadri Road, K. R. Circle, Bengaluru – 560001

 IN MEMORY OF

Bharat Rathna

Sri Mokshagundam Vishveshwaraya

(1860-1962)

Builder of

Sri Jayachamarajendra (Govt) Polytechnic

Sheshadri Road, K. R Circle, Bengaluru – 560001

 SYNOPSYS

Closed-Circuit television installation

 CONTENTS

1. Introduction

2. Objectives and Rules for installing CCTV

3. Briefing about Components

4. Block Diagram

5. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION

CCTV stands for closed-circuit television, also known as video surveillance. It is a set of

cameras that transmit the footage only to private authorized monitors. Usually, a CCTV
system will also have a video recorder that stores the footage for future reference.

CCTV technology was first developed in 1942 by German scientists to monitor the launch of
V2 rockets. It was later used by American scientists during the testing of the atomic bomb.

CCTV systems enable business owners to monitor their premises’ interior and exterior
closely, can also use CCTV for home security if work from home. This is particularly
essential if you store expensive, high-tech equipment that would be difficult to replace. 

In some cases, they can mean the difference between solving a criminal case and coming to a
dead end.

Recent advancement in technology has allowed for the development of new, high-resolution
camera lenses with incredible zoom capabilities. This detail allows them to identify the
unique facial features of the culprits. 

One of the fastest growing trends in CCTV security, network monitoring software ensures

CCTV systems stay up and running, and can provide 24/7 monitoring of an area and reliable
notifications. Monitoring systems can alert staff when there is a power failure (and
automatically switch to a backup power supply), constantly check for unusual activity on the
network, and be configured for different types of usage, risks, and requirements (example -
medical or retail).
OBJECTIVE OF PROJECT

 Identification: the figure occupying 100% of screen height should be sufficient to enable
identification of the individual beyond reasonable doubt.

Recognition: the figure occupying 50% of screen height allows viewers to say with a high
degree of certainty if the individual is someone they have seen before.

 Observation: the figure occupying 25% – 30% of screen height shows characteristic details
such as clothing while also viewing surrounding activity.

Detection: the figure occupying 10% of screen height enables a viewer responding to an alert
to see with a high degree of certainty whether a person is present.

 Monitoring & Control: the figure occupying 5% of screen height enables a viewer to monitor
the number, direction and speed of people across a wide area provided their presence is
known.

The job of a closed-circuit television installer is to perform new installations of private

recording and viewing systems primary utilized for surveillance and security purposes.
Responsibilities include the setup and configuration of hardware, cable routing and pathway
placement, and troubleshooting systems to resolve issues. A well-written objective is
necessary to convey your relevant skills and qualifications to hiring managers who will
typically seek out applicants familiar with surveillance video technology.

Rules for installing CCTV

Restrictions imposed by the Data Protection Act 1998 when installing home CCTV

Put up clear signs stating that CCTV is in operation.

Only use the footage for security.

Just keep the footage secure and for as long as you need it.

Don't release the footage to third parties.

 Briefing about Components

Cameras

Building a CCTV camera system have two camera options: Internet Protocol (IP) or analog.
Due to its compatibility with most applications, IP is the preferred choice for modern
capabilities. It’s advised to choose an analog camera if you have a legacy digital recording
system with older technology.

The Two Basic Types of CCTV Systems: NVR & DVR

When selecting video recorders, the two most common options are: network video recorders
(NVRs) and digital video recorders (DVRs). Although DVRs are more prevalent, and likely
more familiar to the average consumer, NVRs are actually a better fit due to IP camera
integration and compatibility. 

NVRs usually cost slightly more than DVRs, but the ability to work with high-resolution IP
cameras outweigh the added expense in most situations. 
Monitor

A monitor facilitates arguably the most important function of a security camera: viewing
captured images and footage. Your selected monitor will mostly be dependent on your chosen
camera and recording software. 

1080p- or 4k-resolution cameras installed, need a high-definition monitor for the sharpest

detail. If on a set budget, or have older cameras, consider lower definition components for
added savings.

Storage

Most security camera footage is stored for 30 to 90 days. This is true for hotels, retail stores,
supermarkets, and even construction companies. Banks keep security camera footage for up
to six months to comply with industry regulatory requirements
CCTV Block Diagram

Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is a system in which the circuit is closed and all of the
elements are directly connected. We know that, in broadcast television, from the airwaves,
any receiver that is correctly tuned can pick up the signal. In CCTV this is different. Systems
interconnected via microwave, infrared beams, and other means are examples of directly
connected networks.

The camera tube is used to transform light from an item that the camera is focused on into
electrical impulses. The lens mechanism focuses light from the object on the light-sensitive
surface (called the mosaic or photoconductive material) in the camera tube. An electron gun
is housed in the camera tube, which creates and regulates a stream of electrons. The narrow
stream of electrons is directed by the cannon in such a way that it crosses (scans) the mosaic
line by line. When the beam hits a point in the mosaic, it creates a little electrical impulse that
corresponds to the brightness or darkness of that specific small area of the image. The visual
amplifier receives the electrical impulses created in this manner
Conclusion

The study explored how the corporate security stratum of work perceived CCTV
surveillance. Such an exploration demonstrated that by identifying CCTV features, with aims
and functions of CCTV, the view of those within the stratum alters. These were further
broken into 10 features across these aims and functions of CCTV surveillance.

The study found differences between the perceptions of those within the various work levels
of the stratum. The majority of work levels aligned with common features; however, their
understanding of these features varied. This issue drew similarities to the study’s underlying
management theory, where the lower level of stratum have a more narrow and context
specific view. Whereas, the higher levels have a broader and more holistic view, and they
link the operational CCTV functions with the overarching aims. The study found differing
understanding and views of CCTV surveillance at the various levels of the corporate stratum.
With this improved understanding, CCTV can be better aligned with those management's
expectations throughout all parts of the organizational stratum.
Internal Assessment Marks for Project Synopsys