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Fertilization Failures

The document discusses disorders of fertilization including fertilization failure and atypical fertilization. Fertilization failure can result from issues with eggs or sperm, such as structural abnormalities or physical barriers preventing fusion. Atypical fertilization includes monospermy with two pro-nuclei, polyspermy, and issues with pronucleus formation.

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Sajjad Laghari
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25 views

Fertilization Failures

The document discusses disorders of fertilization including fertilization failure and atypical fertilization. Fertilization failure can result from issues with eggs or sperm, such as structural abnormalities or physical barriers preventing fusion. Atypical fertilization includes monospermy with two pro-nuclei, polyspermy, and issues with pronucleus formation.

Uploaded by

Sajjad Laghari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Disorders of Fertilization

Disorders of fertilization are discussed under:


1. Fertilization Failure
2. Atypical Fertilization

1. Fertilization Failure
It may result from death of the egg or sperm before their fusion.
There may be structural or functional abnormalities in egg or sperms.
There may be some physical barrier in the fusion i.e. occlusion of the fallopian tube due
to which transfer of gamete is affected.
Ovulation does not occur in case of COD.
No ovulation >>> No fertilization.

Abnormalities of sperms
These contribute in the fertilization failure. These defects include:
- structural defects of sperm (DNA defects)
- Aging of sperm; due to which there is alteration in acrosomal cap
- Enzyme leakage associated with storage of sperms
- Fertility and integrity of acrosome are correlated.
Fertilizable life must be differentiated from actual life of gamete. Fertilizable life is less than
actual life.

Abnormalities of egg
Several morphological or structural abnormalities may be associated with:
i) Damage to zona pellucida
ii) Ovum may be giant size or it may be lentil shaped
In such abnormalities, there will be no fertilization, but if it occur by chance then zygote
may not further develop.

2. Atypical Fertilization
Several abnormalities are associated with atypical fertilization:
i) Monospermy with two pro-nuclei
ii) Polyspermy
iii) Absence of pronucleus formation: it may be resulted by toxic medicine or exposure to
injurious rays.
iv) Aging of sperm/ovum, stress and unfavourable temperature also contribute in the
fertilization failure.

Structural and Functional Causes of Fertilization Failure

Cause Abnormality Specie affected Mechanism


Structural Abnormalities
Congenital - Mesonephric Common in swine Transport of sperm is
- Cervix duplex and also in cattle affected
- Unicornueus uterus
Acquired - Tubal adhesion All species Transportation of
- Blockage of fallopian gamete is affected
tube
Functional Abnormalities
Hormonal - COD All species Ovulation is affected,
- Changes in uterine an-ovulation and
secretion transport of gamete is
affected.
Managemental - Delayed insemination All species Results in death of
- Early insemination egg or sperms
- Wrong time No ovulation or an-
insemination. ovulation
(in mid cycle)

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