,_84- 29500

NASA Technical Memorandum 83304

Production Version of the Extended NASA-Langley

Vortex Lattice FORTRAN Computer Program -

Volume II - Source Code

Henry E. Herbert
John E. Lamar

April 1982

National Aeronautics and

Space Administration

Langley Research Center

Hampton, Virginia 23665
 t
G
 PRODUCTION VERSION OF THE

EXTENDED NASA-LANGLEY VORTEX LATTICE

FORTRAN COMPUTER PROGRAM

VOL. II SOURCE CODE

Henry E. Herbert, Computer Sciences Corporation

and

John E. Lamar, NASA - Langley Research Center

Hampton, Va. 23666

 CONTENTS

P age
Io ABSTRACT / SUMMARY ......................... 4

2. INTRODUCTION .............................. 4

3. PROGRAM STRUCTURE .......................... 6

APPENDIX A - LRCGOSF ROUTINES USED BY VLM ..... 15

APPENDIX B - LISTING OF THE VLM SOURCE CODE ... 16

REFERENCES .............................. 147

FIGURE ................................. 148

4

1 ABSTRACT / SUMMARY

This document presents the source code for the latest production

version, MARK IV, of the NASA - Langley Vortex Lattice Computer

Program. All viable subcrltlcal aerodynamic features of previous

versions have been retained. This version extends the previously

documented program capabilltes to four planforms, 400 panels, and

enables the user to obtain vortex-flow aerodynamics on cambered

planforms, flow field properties off the configuration in attached

flow, and planform longitudinal load distributions.

2 INTRODUCTION

The NASA - Langley Vortex Lattice FORTRAN Program (VLM) is designed to

estimate the subsonic aerodynamic characteristics of up to four complex

planforms. The concepts embodied in this program are mostly detailed

in references 1,2 and 3; this document is intended to serve as an

update to these references for users and computer specialists who have

an interest in implementing this program on their computers.

Basically, the VLM Program is a segmented program designed to run on

the Control Data Corporation (CDC) computers with the NOS operating

system. This program requires a run-tlme field length of approximately

130K (octal) words of memory, and uses the Langley Research Center
 5

Graphics Output System in FORTRAN (LRCGOSF), along wlth numerous CDC

routines that provide random access of mass storage files. The User's

Guide associated with this program is listed as reference 4.

Use of trade names or names of manufacturers in this report does not

constitute an official endorsement of such products or manufacturers,

either expressed or implied, by the National Aeronautics and Space

Administration.
6

3 PROGRAM STRUCTURE

3.1 OVERVIEW

The VLM program consists of one FORTRAN program, 39 FORTRAN

subroutines, seven labeled common blocks and nine files• The overall

structure of the code can be represented as a tree diagram with seven

major branches, as follows:

(2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

AERODYNAMIC AERODYNAMIC NEAR-FIELD SIDE-EDGE VORTEX
EQUATIONS ANALYSIS SOLUTION SUCTION FLOW
MATRIX ANALYSIS ANALYSIS
SOLVER .

(1) . . . . (7)
GEOMETRIC . . • . LONGITUDINAL
COMPUTATIONS . . • . LOAD
• . ANALYSIS

oe •

PROGRAM
WINGAL
The main program, WINGAL,forms the "root node" to the tree. Each of

the seven major branches, or nodes, has a specific function in the

overall computational process, and some of these branches consist of

more than one routine (this will be explained in the next section).

The point of this tree diagram is that it constitutes the way the

program is loaded into memory by the operating system, and hence, the

way it executes for any given input set. The actual file of loader

directives file based on this structure will be discussed in Section 4.

3.2 FUNCTION BY NODE

The root node consists of the main program (WINGAL) and four

subroutines. The main program is used to declare all files and common

blocks, as well as direct the overall processing done by this code.

The four subroutines contained in this node are LOADING, FTLUP, INFSUB

and READIN. LOADING is not called by any routine in VLM; its sole

purpose is to force the loading of the CDC mass storage routines at

this level so they are accessible to all higher level nodes that

require them. FTLUP and INFSUB, however, are used by several of the

higher nodes, and hence, must be in memory at all times. FTLUP is a

linear interpolation routine that uses the CDC Fortran routine LOCF to

determine the absolute location (address) of a variable. READIN is

used to read in and print out the input data, with line numbers, for

the user's reference. The common blocks declared in WINGAL serve as

the principal method of information transfer between the higher nodes;

they are considered "global" and must also remain in memory at all

times. The higher nodes in the tree are movedin and out of central

memoryby the loader when they are called by the main program, and this
overlapping results in considerable reduction of central memory

requirements. The function and associated routines of the higher nodes

are as follows:

3.2.1 GEOMETRIC
COMPUTATIONS

This node consists of two subroutines, GEOMETRY

and PLNPLT. Subroutine

GEOMETRY
is called by WINGALto determine, from the input data, the

geometry of the configuration. GEOMETRY

then makesa call to PLNPLT,

which, in turn, produces the "printer plot" of the configuration.

3.2.2 AERODYNAMIC
EQUATIONS
MATRIXSOLVER

This node consists of six routines and performs the Given's Method of
Matrix Solution to determine the circulation terms of the horseshoe

vortices; i.e., these routines solve the matrix of the basic linear

aerodynamic equations. The routines in this node are:

i. MATXSOL-Called by WINGAL,MATXSOL is the main routine in this

node and generates the elements in the aerodynamic influence
 coefficient matrix. MATXSOLthen calls routine GIVENS to
effect a solution.

2. GIVENS- Called by MATXSOLto partition the work storage

arrays Into rows and columns.
3. BLOCKR- Called by GIVENSto compute the slze of, and the
number of rows in each partltlon of the trlangularlzed matrix.

4. TRIANG- Called by GIVENS to trlangularlze the augmented

matrix uslng planar rotations.
5. SOLVER - Called by TRIANGto perform the back substitution on
the matrix and .verst,re the results back onto mass storage.
6. BUFFIN- Called by TRIANGto transfer data into the work array
from mass storage.

3.2.3 AERODYNAMIC
ANALYSIS

This node consists of flve routines and is used to compute the linear

aerodynamic characterlstlcs of the configuration. These routines are:

I. AERODYN - Called by WINGAL, AERODYN ls the maln routine in

thls node. AERODYN computes the linear aerodynamic lifting
pressures and overall forces and moments.

. FLOWFL - Determines the flow fleld characterlstlcs off the

wlng. FLOWFL reads the field llne definition when the flow
fleld data ls required. FLOWFL also uses routine FTLUP.

.
HEAPSRT - Called by FLOWFL to sort the X-Y values of the panel
centers. FLOWFL compares these values to the X-Y locations of
the flow llne points in determining the relative position of
the flow llne wlth respect to any given planform. HEAPSRT
uses a Heap Sort alogorlthm, which Is described In reference
5.

.
SIFT - Called by HEAPSRT to swap values in the sorting
process.

. CDICLS - Computes the far-fleld induced drag for simple

configurations (wlng-body) wlth no dihedral.
i0

3.2.4 NEAR-FIELDINDUCED
DRAGSOLUTIONS

This node consists of the single routine, CDRAGNF, (called by WINGAL)

that computes the near-field induced drag values. CDRAGNF uses

routine FTLUP in determining the near-fleld chord force properties.

3.2.5 SIDE-EDGE SUCTION ANALYSIS

This node consists of two routines, TIPSUCT and WRTANS. The principal

routine, TIPSUCT, called by WINGAL, computes the side-edge force and

values for KV,se for each planform. WRTANS is then called by TIPSUCT

to compute the values of Kp and KV,Ie for each planform. If the

configuration is cambered/twisted so that the option for vortex flow

computation on warped wings is exercised, WRTANS is not called and Kp

and KV,Ie are not calculated. In this situation, TIPSUCT makes

numerous calls to the LRCGOSF routines for producing the graphics

output. This section of TIPSUCT will have to be revised considerably

by users if the VLM program is installed on any other computer. The

LRCGOSF routines used by VLM are listed in the Appendix A.

 II

3.2.6 VORTEX FLOW ANALYSIS

This node consists of the single routine, VORTEX, called by WINGAL, to

perform the vortex flow analysis for cambered configurations. VORTEX

also uses routine FTLUP.

3.2.7 LONGITUDINAL LOAD DISTRIBUTION

This node consists of 18 routines, the principal one being CNLONG, that

called by WINGAL. These routines compute the longitudinal load

distribution of the configuration. Most of them are associated with

the Delta Cp or Net Cp surface interpolation from constant Y to

constant X values. They are (by name only) as follows:

INTERP SUTS
IQHSCV CURVIN
IQHSD CURVI2
IQHSE CURVI
IQHSF CEEZ
IQHSG TERMS
IQHSH SNHCSH
UERTST INTRVL
UGETIO

The routines beginning with the letters "IQ" provide smooth curve

fitting over randomly distributed data points. IQHSCV calculates the

interpolating function that is a fifth degree polynomial, and is

continuous and has continuous first order partial derivatives. This

12

technique is detailed in reference 6. Routines IQHSD through UGETIO

are support routines for this process. Routines SUTSthrough INTRVL
are used to evaluate the the integral of the spline approximation to a

function of a single variable. These routines were adapted from

current routines on the NASA- Langley Research Center FORTRANMath

Library which is documented in reference 7. This documentation is

available from the NASA- LaRCAnalysis and Computation Division (ACD)

User Support Office.

3.3 FILES

There are nine files associated with the VLMprogram and these are as

follows:

INPUT TAPE6 TAPE20

OUTPUT TAPE10 TAPE30
TAPE5 TAPE11 TAPE81

TAPE81is equated to INPUTand TAPE6 to OUTPUT, and all formatted

INPUT/OUTPUTis performed on these files. Routine READINreads the

input from TAPE81and prints all of it except the title card over onto

TAPE5. For the remainder of the program, TAPE5, serves as the primary

input file. The remaining files are scratch files used by the program

for auxillary storage. TAPEI0and TAPE11are used in the matrix solver

routines and are treated as random access backing store. The CDC
routines READMS,
WRITEMS,OPENMS,
and CLOSEMS
provide this capability.
 13

TAPE10 is reused as a scratch file in the vortex analysis routine.

There it is employed along with TAPE20 and TAPE30, and subsequently,

TAPE30 is used to pass information from routine VORTEX back to routine

TIPSUCT for the final coefficient reporting•

4 LOAD STRUCTURE

The tree diagram shown earlier can now be represented as follows:

GEOMTRY MATXSOL AERODYN CDRAGNF TIPSUCT VORTEX CNLONG

• • • • • • •

• • • • • • •

e•ieeeeeeemeeeeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeeeieeeeeeee••eeeeee••e•ee••ee

PROGRAM
WINGAL

where the nodes are main routines instead of functional descriptors•

On CDC equipment, this method of loadlng is called Segmentation and is

done by the CDC SEGRES Loader Program• The SEGRES program reads a

directives file, shown in figure I, and in effect structures the

relocatable binary file into a set of movable pieces (here, each branch

of the tree)• When the main routine in these branches is called by

WINGAL, the Loader brings into memory the entire branch, leaving the

others out on mass storage• When a branch finishes processing and

returns control back to the main program (WINGAL), that branch is moved

back out to mass storage, and another one brought in and loaded into
14

the samespace occupied by the previous one. Hence, the samespace in

memory is reused, which reduces the core requirements of the program.
Complete details regarding the syntax of these directives and the

actions of the SEGRES

Loader Program are given in reference 8.
 15

APPENDIX A

LRCGOSF ROUTINES USED BY VLM

PSEUDO
CALPLT
INFOPLT
NOTATE
PNTPLT

Documentation on these routines is given in reference 9, which is

available from the NASA - LaRC ACD User Support Office.

16

APPENDIX B

LISTING OF VLM SOURCECODE

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REFERENCES

I • Margason, R. J. and Lamar, J. E.: Vortex-Lattice FORTRAN

Program for Estimating Subsonic Aerodynamic Characteristics of
Complex Planforms. NASA TN D-6142, Feb. 1971.

.
Lamar, J. E., and Gloss, B. B. : Subsonic Aerodynamic
Characteristics of Interacting Lifting Surfaces with Separated
Flow around Sharp Edges Predicted by a Vortex-Lattlce Method.
NASA TN I>-7921, Sept. 1975.

.
Lamar, J. E. and Frlnk, N. T. : Experimental and Analytic
Study of the Longitudinal Aerodynamic Characteristics of
Analytically and Empirically Designed Strake-Wing
Configurations at Subcritical Speeds. NASA TP-1803, June
1981.

.
Lamar, J.E., and Herbert, H.E. : Production Version of the
Extended NASA - Langley Vortex Lattice FORTRAN Computer
Program, Vol 1. NASA TM 83303, April, 1982.

. Wirth, N. : Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs.

Prentice-Hall,1976.

o
Akima, H. : A Method of Bivariate Interpolation And Smooth
Surface Fitting For Irregularly Distributed Data Points. ACM
Trans. Math Software 4, 2(June,1978), pp. 148-159.

.
Subprogram Library. Vol. II of the Computer Programing Manual.
Langley Research Center, NASA, February, 1982.

. CYBER Loader Version 1 Reference _nual, NOS 1.4. Control

Data Corporation, June, 1981.

.
Special Capabilities, Vol. IV of the Computer Programing
Manual, Langley Research Center, NASA, February, 1982.
148

SEGMENTATION DIRECTIVES FOR THE

VORTEX LATTICE FORTRAN PROGRAM

H. E. HERBERT
i COMPUTER SCIENCES CORPORATION
HAMPTON, VA.
JULY, 1981

ROOT TREE WINGAL-(GEOMTRY,MATXSOL,AERODYN,CDRAGNF,TIPSUCT,VORTEX,CNLONG

,)
INCLUDE WINGAL,INFSUB,LOADING,FTLUP,READIN
GLOBAL ALL,TOTHREE,THREFOR,ONETHRE,MAINONE,CCRRDD,INSUB23

GEOMTRY INCLUDE GEOMTRY,PLANPLT

MATXSOL INCLUDE MATXSOL,GIVENS,BLOCKR,TRIANG,SOLVER,BUFFIN

AERODYN INCLUDE AERODYN,FLOWFL,CDICLS,HEAPSRT,SIFT

CDRAGNF INCLUDE CDRAGNF

TIPSUCT INCLUDE TIPSUCT,WRTANS

*
VORTEX INCLUDE VORTEX

CNLONG INCLUDE CNLONG,INTERP,IQHSCV,IQHSD,IQNSE,IQHSF,IQHSG

CNLONG INCLUDE IQHSN,UERTST,UGETIO,SUTS,CURVIN,CURVI2,CURVI
CNLONG INCLUDE CEEZ,TERMS,SNHCSH,INTRVL
i

END

FIGURE 1 - SEGMENTATION DIRECTIVES

 1. Report No. 2. Govmnment Accmi_ No. 3. Recipient's Catalog No.

NASA TM 83304 j

4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date

"_ April IP82

Production Version of the Extended NASA-Langley Vortex
6. Performing Organization Code
Lattice FORTRAN Computer Program. Vol. II Source Code

7. Aut_r(s) 8. Performi_ Organization Report No.

505-31-43-03
Henry E. Herbert
John E, Lamar 10. Work Unit No.

9. Performing Organization Name and Addre_

Langley Research Center 11 Contract or Grant No.

Hampton, VA 23665

13. Type of Report and Period Covered

12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address

National Aeronautics and Space Administration 14. Sponsori_ Aoencv Code

Washington, DC 20546

15. Supplementary Notes

Henry E. Herbert, Computer Science Corporation, Hampton, VA 23665

John E. Lamar, Langley Research Center

16. Abstract

This document presents the source code for the latest production version, MARK IV,
of the NASA-Langley Vortex Lattice Computer Program. All viable subcritical
aerodynamic features of previous versions have been retained. This version extends
the previously documented program capabi'l_ti:es to four planforms, 400 panels, and
enables the user to obtain vortex-flow aerodynamics on cambered planforms, flow-
field properties off the configuration in attached flow, and planform longitudinal
load distributions.

17. Key Words (Suggested by Author(s)) 18. Distribution Statement

Vortex Lattice Method Unclassified

Segmentation Directives
Subject Category 61

19. Security Oa_f. (of this report] _. Security Oa_f, (of this page) = 21. No. of Pages 22. Price

Unclassified Unclassified 150 A07

N-30_ Fu sale bythe National Technical Inf0_mati0nService.Springfield.Virt]ln,a 22]61