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Hysteresis Loss and Eddy Current Loss

Hysteresis loss and eddy current loss are the two main types of core loss that occur in electromagnetic devices. Hysteresis loss is caused by the magnetization and demagnetization of the core as the current direction changes, while eddy current loss is generated by induced currents within the core due to a changing magnetic field. Both losses can be reduced by using core materials with lower hysteresis, making the core from thin laminated sheets to limit eddy currents, and increasing the core resistivity.

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416 views10 pages

Hysteresis Loss and Eddy Current Loss

Hysteresis loss and eddy current loss are the two main types of core loss that occur in electromagnetic devices. Hysteresis loss is caused by the magnetization and demagnetization of the core as the current direction changes, while eddy current loss is generated by induced currents within the core due to a changing magnetic field. Both losses can be reduced by using core materials with lower hysteresis, making the core from thin laminated sheets to limit eddy currents, and increasing the core resistivity.

Uploaded by

samrat
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HYSTERESIS LOSS AND

EDDY-CURRENT LOSS
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY RAIPUR

RAVI KUMAR
MINING ENGG. 19121906
CONTENT
TOPIC
1. INTRODUCTION
2. HYSTERESIS LOSS
3. HOW TO REDUCE HYSTERESIS LOSS
4. EDDY CURRENT LOSS
5. HOW TO REDUCE EDDY CURRENT LOSS
6. DIFFRENCE BETWEEN EDDY CURRENT LOSS
AND HYSTERESIS LOSS
7. CONCLUSION
8. REFERENCE
INTRODUCTION
The electromagnetic system is an essential element of all revolving
electric machinery and electromagnetic devices as well as static
devices like the transformer. we are surrounded by a large number
of electrical appliances and we are mainly dependent on it. As we
learn about the different magnetic circuit we often discuss on energy
loss in it or voltage drop across the circuit and we also want to
reduce it. For this, scientist have been trying to find best optimal way
to reduce the energy loss. Before reducing the energy loss we they
find the reason behind and the findings were quite interesting and in
this way they come across different type of energy loss whenever
they use electromagnetic circuit. here, we are going in detail about
hysteresis and eddy current.
Magnetic materials are described by high porousness and nonlinear
B–H relationship which shows immersion and hysteresis. This sort of
conduct is clarified by the area hypothesis of polarization. Magnetic
materials are named ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic. Iron and its
different composites are ferromagnetic.
Hard ferromagnetic materials incorporate perpetual attractive
materials like alnicos, chrome prepares, certain copper–nickel
compounds and a few other combinations. Ferrimagnetic materials
comprise of blended oxides of iron and different metals. The oxide
combination is 'sintered', for example warmed to a consistent
temperature of 1300°C which is kept up for a few hours. The
subsequent material known as ferrite is artificially homogeneous and
very hard. It has normally most extreme transition thickness of 0.3–
0.5 T, when contrasted with 2.18 T for unadulterated iron.
At the point when magnetic materials go through cyclic varieties of
transition thickness, hysteresis and eddy-current force misfortunes
happen in them, which are together known as center misfortune and
show up as warmth. The core loss is significant in deciding
temperature rise, rating and effectiveness of transformers, machines
and other ac-operated electromagnetic gadgets.

Hysteresis Loss
Hysteresis loss is brought about by the magnetization and
demagnetization of the center as current streams in the forward and
backwords headings. As the polarizing power (current) expands, the
attractive motion increments. Be that as it may, when the polarizing
power (current) is diminished, the magnetic transition doesn't
diminish at a similar rate, yet less bit by bit. Accordingly, when the
magnetic power arrives at nothing, the motion thickness actually has
a positive worth. All together for the motion thickness to arrive at
nothing, the charging power should be applied the negative way.
Concerning the hysteresis circle of Fig. the energy consumed by a
ferromagnetic material per unit volume* as H is raised from zero to
Hmax is

B max

∫ H dB=areaof bgo
−Br

As H is diminished to zero, energy from the attractive field is


returned to the wellspring of excitation as dB is currently negative.
Per unit estimation of energy returned is max H dB = zone cbgc
Into equal parts pattern of H variety energy not recuperated from
the material is the area of bco. In one complete pattern of variety,
energy lost per unit volume is the area of the hysteresis circle. It is
set up observationally that for a given volume of material, power loss
on record of hysteresis is
ph=K h f B(max )V W
where,
kh = trademark steady of core material
n = Steinmetz example; range 1.5–2.0; common worth 1.6
V = volume of the material (m3 )
How to reduce the hysteresis loss
Hysteresis loss can be diminished by utilizing material that has less
total area of the hysteresis loop. Thus, high evaluation or silica steel
can be utilized for planning the core inside a transformer since it has
very less region of the hysteresis loop. To reduce this loss , the
uncommon center material can be utilized which arrives at
nothing/non-zero motion thickness once the progression of current
is eliminated. These loss can be diminished by expanding the no. of
overlays which are provided through less holes among plates.
Hysteresis loss can be diminished by picking a softcore that has less
hysteresis. The best illustration of this is silicon steel and so forth
These misfortunes predominantly rely upon the thickness of
transition, the covered core, and recurrence.
Eddy current loss
At the point when a alternate magnetic field is applied to an
magnetic material, an emf is induced in the actual material as per
Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic enlistment. Since the magnetic
material is a directing material, these EMFs flow current inside the
body of the material. These currents are called Eddy Currents. They
will happen when the conductor encounters a changing attractive
field. As these current are not liable for accomplishing any helpful
work, and it creates a misfortune (I2R loss) in the attractive material
known as an Eddy Current Loss. Like hysteresis misfortune, eddy
current loss likewise expands the temperature of the attractive
material. The hysteresis and the eddy current loss in a magnetic
material are likewise known by the name iron loss or core loss or
magnetic loss.
Power Loss is given by
Pe = ke f2 B2max V M
Where,
Ke= trademark steady of core material .
How to reduce the Eddy current loss
 To reduce the eddy current loss mainly there are two methods.

 By reducing the magnitude of the eddy current.


The magnitude of the current can be reduced by splitting the solid core
into thin sheets called laminations, in the plane parallel to the magnetic
field. Each lamination is insulated from the other by a thin layer of
coating of varnish or oxide film.

By laminating the core, the area of each section is reduced and hence
the induced emf also reduces. As the area through which the current is
passed is smaller, the resistance of eddy current path increases.

The eddy current loss is also reduced by using a magnetic material


having a higher value of resistivity like silicon .

Difference between eddy current loss and hysteresis


loss
Basis for
Eddy current Loss Hysteresis Loss
Comparison

Definition The loss occur because of The losses which occur


the relative motion because of the reversal of
Basis for
Eddy current Loss Hysteresis Loss
Comparison

between the core and the the magnetism is known as


magnetic flux. the hysteresis loss.

Formula

Occur Interaction of the magnetic Because of reversal of flux.


flux and conductor.

Minimising By making the core of thin By using Silicon Steel


Method lamination. Material

Source : circularglobe.com

Conclusion
In the world of electrical appliances and the daily use of these make
this important to reduce the energy loss and find the most compatible
path to solve these. we need to find the loss in the electromagnetic
circuit.in this the hysteresis loss and eddy current loss is most
important and we have seen that these are different losses in the given
circuit.

Reference
1. https://circuitglobe.com/difference-between-eddy-
current-and-hysteresis-loss.html#:~:text=
2. https://www.elprocus.com/what-is-hysteresis-loss-
factors-its-applications/#:~:text=
3. BASIC ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING BY DP
KOTHARI AND I J NAGRATH.
4. Wikipedia (reference and authentication)

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