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Assignment 07

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Assignment 07

Uploaded by

vijay kakarla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHY 102 – HA 7 KPR/ZH 11.09.

2012
Harmonic Oscillator:
1. In an undamped free harmonic oscillator the motion is given by x = A sin ω0t. The
displacement is maximum exactly midway between the zero crossings. In a damped
oscillator the maximum is advanced before the midpoint of the zero crossings.
1
Show that the maximum is advanced by a phase angle φ given by   .
2Q

2. The logarithmic decrement δ is defined to be the natural logarithm of the ratio of


successive maximum displacements (in the same direction) of a free damped
oscillator. Show that
δ =π/Q.
Find the spring constant k and damping constant b of a damped oscillator having a
mass of 5 kg, frequency of oscillation 0.5 Hz, and logarithmic decrement 0.02.
3. If the damping constant of a free oscillator is given by γ = 2ω0, the system is said to
be critically damped. Show by direct substitution that in this case the motion is
given by
x  ( A  Bt )e ( / 2)t ,
Where A and B are constants.
A critically damped oscillator is at equilibrium. At t = 0 it is given a blow of total
impulse I. Sketch the motion, and find the time at which the velocity starts to
decrease.
4. a. A mass of 10kg falls 50cm on to the platform of a spring scale, and sticks. The
platform eventually comes to rest 10 cm below its initial position. The mass of the
platform is 2 kg. Find the spring constant.
b. It is desired to put in a damping system so that the scale comes to rest in
minimum time without overshoot. This means that the scale must be critically
damped. Find the necessary damping constant and the equation for the motion of
the platform after the mass hits.
5. A clock has a pendulum 25 cm long with a mass of 10 g and a period of 1 s. The
clock is powered 200 g weight which falls 2 m between the daily windings. The
amplitude of the swing is 0.2 rad. What is the Q of the clock? How long would the
clock run if it were powered by a battery with 1 J capacity?

Additional problem on vector:

6. Show that A.B remains invariant while AxB transforms like a vector under rotation
of the co-ordinate system by an angle theta about the z-axis. A and B are two
vectors.

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