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This Document Has Been Printed From SPI2. NOT FOR RESALE: Additives

This document provides recommendations for fluid maintenance in an engine cooling system. It recommends using distilled or deionized water and adding coolant additives to prevent corrosion, deposits, rust, and other issues. The additives help protect metal surfaces but must be replenished periodically. It recommends a 1:1 mixture of water and glycol for freeze and boil protection, with the percentage of glycol adjusted based on the lowest expected temperature. Frequent monitoring of coolant quality and cleaning of the cooling system are important for proper engine operation and avoiding failures.

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45 views

This Document Has Been Printed From SPI2. NOT FOR RESALE: Additives

This document provides recommendations for fluid maintenance in an engine cooling system. It recommends using distilled or deionized water and adding coolant additives to prevent corrosion, deposits, rust, and other issues. The additives help protect metal surfaces but must be replenished periodically. It recommends a 1:1 mixture of water and glycol for freeze and boil protection, with the percentage of glycol adjusted based on the lowest expected temperature. Frequent monitoring of coolant quality and cleaning of the cooling system are important for proper engine operation and avoiding failures.

Uploaded by

AHMAD
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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M0080243-01 43

Maintenance Section
Fluid Recommendations

For a water analysis, consult one of the following


NOTICE sources:
Frequently check the specific gravity of the coolant
for proper freeze protection or for anti-boil protection. • Local water utility company
Clean the cooling system for the following reasons: • Agricultural agent
• Contamination of the cooling system • Independent laboratory
• Overheating of the engine
Additives
• Foaming of the coolant
Additives help to protect the metal surfaces of the
cooling system. A lack of coolant additives or
NOTICE insufficient amounts of additives enable the following
Never operate an engine without water temperature conditions to occur:
regulators in the cooling system. Water temperature
regulators help to maintain the engine coolant at the • Corrosion
proper operating temperature. Cooling system prob-
lems can develop without water temperature • Formation of mineral deposits
regulators.
• Rust
Many engine failures are related to the cooling • Scale
system. The following problems are related to cooling
system failures: Overheating, leakage of the water • Foaming of the coolant
pump and plugged radiators or heat exchangers.
Many additives are depleted during engine operation.
These failures can be avoided with correct cooling These additives must be replaced periodically.
system maintenance. Cooling system maintenance is
as important as maintenance of the fuel system and Additives must be added at the correct concentration.
the lubrication system. Quality of the coolant is as Over concentration of additives can cause the
important as the quality of the fuel and the lubricating inhibitors to drop out-of-solution. The deposits can
oil. enable the following problems to occur:

Coolant is normally composed of three elements: • Formation of gel compounds


Water, additives and glycol.
• Reduction of heat transfer
Water • Leakage of the water pump seal
Water is used in the cooling system in order to
transfer heat. • Plugging of radiators, coolers, and small passages

Distilled water or deionized water is Glycol


recommended for use in engine cooling systems.
Glycol in the coolant helps to provide protection
DO NOT use the following types of water in cooling against the following conditions:
systems: Hard water, softened water that has been
conditioned with salt and sea water. • Boiling
If distilled water or deionized water is not available,
use water with the properties that are listed in Table 5 • Freezing
.
Table 5 • Cavitation of the water pump
Acceptable Water For optimum performance, Perkins recommends a
1:1 mixture of a water/glycol solution.
Property Maximum Limit
Note: Use a mixture that will provide protection
Chloride (Cl) 40 mg/L
against the lowest ambient temperature.
Sulfate (SO4) 100 mg/L
Note: 100 percent pure glycol will freeze at a
Total Hardness 170 mg/L temperature of −13 °C (8.6 °F).
Total Solids 340 mg/L

Acidity pH of 5.5 to 9.0

This document has been printed from SPI2. NOT FOR RESALE

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