FINGERPRINT BASED ATM SYSTEM

A Report for the Evaluation 3 of Project 2

Submitted by

ANKIT SINGH

(1613101144/16SCSE101472)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

Bachelor of Technology

IN
Computer Science and Engineering With Specialization of Cloud

Computing and Virtualization

SCHOOL OF COMPUTING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Under the Supervision of

MR. AJAY KUMAR

Assistant Professor

APRIL/MAY-2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO.

1. Abstract 1

2. Introduction 2

3. Existing system 5

4. Proposed system 6

5. Implementation or architecture diagrams 10

6. Result 16

7. Conclusion/Future Enhancement 18

8. References 19
 ABSTRACT
Identification and verification of a person today is a common thing; which may
include door-lock system, safe box and vehicle control or even at accessing bank
accounts via ATM, etc which is necessary for securing personal information. The
conventional methods like ID card verification or signature does not provide
perfection and reliability. The systems employed at these places must be fast enough
and robust too. Use of the ATM (Automatic Teller Machine) which provides
customers with the convenient banknote trading is facing a new challenge to carry on
the valid identity to the customer. Since, in conventional identification methods with
ATM, criminal cases are increasing making financial losses to customers. : The main
purpose of our system to make online transaction more secure and user-friendly. Now
days Biometric technology is increasing rapidly. Biometric is used for personal
identification. Here we are using Fingerprint scanning biometric to provide access to
ATM machine. Data of a fingerprint is stored in database using the enrollment
process through the Bank.

Keywords- Fingerprint sensor (FIM3030), Microcontroller (LPC2148)

 INTRODUCTION

Biometrics is a technology that helps to make your data extremely secure,

unique all the users by way of their personal physical characteristics. Biometric
information can be used to perfectly identify people by using their fingerprint, face,
speech, iris, handwriting, or hand geometry and so on. Using biometric identifiers
offers several advantages over traditional and current methods. Tokens such as
magnetic stripe cards, smart cards and physical keys, can be stolen, lost, replicated, or
left behind; passwords can be shared, forgotten, hacked or accidentally observed by a
third party . There are two key functions offered by a biometric system. One
technique is identification and the other is verification. In this paper, we are
concentrating on identifying and verifying a user by fingerprint recognition.

A modern ATM is typically made up of the devices like CPU to control the
user interface and devices related to transaction, Magnetic or Chip card reader to
identify the customer, PIN Pad, Secure crypto-processor generally within a secure
cover, Display to be used by the customer for performing the transaction, Function
key buttons, Record Printer to provide the customer with a record of their transaction,
to store the parts of the machinery requiring restricted access -Vault , Housing for
aesthetics, Sensors and Indicators. Fingerprint technology is the most widely
accepted and mature biometric method.
To implement this concept, we have studied different research works and found
following information. For fingerprint recognition, a system needs to capture
fingerprint and then follow certain algorithm for fingerprint matching. The research
paper discusses a minutiae detection algorithm and showed key parameters of
fingerprint image for identification. For solving the bugs of traditional identification
methods, the author of designs a new ATM terminal customer recognition system.
The chip of S3C2440 is used for the core of microprocessor in ARM9 and an
improved enhancement algorithm of fingerprint image. If images of fingerprint are
poor-quality images, they result in missing features, leading to the degrading
performance of the fingerprint system. Thus, it is very important for a fingerprint
recognition system to estimate the quality and validity of the captured fingerprint
images. Existing approaches for this estimation are either to use of local features of
the image or to use of global features of the image . Traditional fingerprint
recognition approaches have demerits of easy losing rich information and poor
performances due to the complex type of inputs, such as image rotation, poor quality
image enrollment, incomplete input image, and so on. Thus in order to overcome
these shortcomings, in research paper , a new fingerprint recognition scheme based
on a set of assembled invariant moment (geometric moment and Zernike moment)
features to ensure the secure communications is proposed. In paper , fuzzy features
match (FFM) based novel method on a local triangle feature is set to match the
deformed fingerprints. Fingerprint here is represented by the fuzzy feature set: the
local triangle feature set. Fingerprint scanning is one of the type of biometrics system
.We are using finger for accessing the ATM machine for transaction. We are using
this system because its easy to install. We don't have to remove the current ATM
machine. The working process of ATM fingerprint deal with accessing the data from
server.
Before accessing process we need to get authentication from bank. Bank employee
scan fingerprint using biometric machine. Biometric machine extract the feature of
fingerprint and store in to database this complete process is called enrolment process.
When customer want to use the ATM machine with Biometric Scanned first he have

to place his finger at Biometric scanner will scan his feature and compare that
extracted feature with stored Feature, if feature matches than the person is allowed for
transaction otherwise it not process.
 EXISTING SYSTEM

ATMs extend traditional banking hours by dispensing cash and making other
transactions available 24 hours a day. At the beginning of 1974, there were only 1,656
operating ATMs. Today, online debit cardholders initiate approximately 12 billion
ATM transactions per year at thousands of ATMs. In modern cash machines, the
customer is identified by inserting a plastic ATM card with a magnetic stripe or a
plastic smart card with a chip that contains a unique card number and some security
information such as an expiration date. Authentication is provided by the customer
entering a personal identification number (PIN) [8-wiki]. PIN is a four digit number
which is generated by the respective financial institution. PIN is very easily
remembered and is also changeable according to the user and PINs are 4-digit numbers
in the range 0000-9999 resulting in 10,000 possible numbers, so that an attacker would
need to guess an average of 5000 times to get the correct . The PIN supplied by the
customer is always compared with the recorded reference PIN in the financial
institutions. In the present system, the user has to insert the card and the PIN number. If
PIN is correct, the system allows for transaction. Otherwise, the system asks for PIN
again and it allows maximum of three times to enter it.
 PROPOSED SYSTEM

The proposal is to use fingerprints in ATMs as passwords involved with the PIN
number. Fingerprint recognition will make users relax by preventing unauthorized
account access and assuring security. Here, a fingerprint module generates 4-digit code
as a message to the customer’s assigned mobile number by placing finger on it and on
the basis of validation of this code, customers are allowed for further access.

A fingerprint in its narrow sense is an impression left by the friction ridges of a

human finger. In a wider use of the term, fingerprints are the traces of an impression
from the friction ridges of any part of a human hand. A friction ridge is a raised
portion of the epidermis on the fingers and toes (digits), the palm of the hand,
consisting of one or more connected ridge units of friction ridge skin. Fingerprint
verification is to verify the authenticity of one person by his fingerprint and PIN code
and Fingerprint identification is by matching the information of user such as pin code
and fingerprint matching.
Basically we can explain complete Fingerprint base ATM system in two phases:
1) Enrolment Phase
2) Authentication phase

1. Enrolment phase:
In the robust fingerprint application, 3-4 fingers should be enrolled. This enables the
system to set high security threshold and still be able to cope with everyday real life
issue like skewed finger placement dirty, wet dry, cut or worn fingers. Biometric
reference data is collected enrolment and stored in database or in portable data carrier
such

Fig: Enrolment Phase

The Enrolment is crucial because the once recorded reference data will normally be
used over the active lifetime of user or his/her biometric hardware device.
Multiple Finger enrolment: It is strongly recommended enrolling more than one
finger. During daily life injuries can happen that turn a registered fingerprint currently
unusable while minor cuts not affect a robust sized sensor system
2. Authentication Phase
In these phase user can make transaction by using their fingers. User can place finger
on the Biometric scanner
and user’s finger scan can be matched through database, where all authenticated
user’s fingerprints are stored .If User wants to do transaction they simply place their
finger on biometric scanner and get their money in few seconds. If user’s fingerprint
cannot matched by database due to some accidental cuts on their fingers than they
can used their other fingers and we will also provide a 4 pin code option ,user can
also use this option with their convinces.

Feature extraction:
Feature extraction from a fingerprint image is generally categorized into three levels.
Feature can used to categorize into major pattern type such as loop or whorl. The
main objective of this system is to develop a system that will increase the ATM
security. However, despite the numerous advantages of ATM system, ATM fraud has
recently become more widespread. In recent years, biometric authentication has
grown in popularity as a means of personal identification in ATM authentication
systems.
AUTHENTICATION PHASE
 IMPLEMENTATION

This software is implemented by the steps as follows: first of all. The system is
initialized to implement specific task, such as checking ATM system, GSM
communication and so on, and then each module reset for ready to run
commands. Before using ATM terminal, the mobile number and fingerprint of
the customer is

Required. ATM machine increase the reliability of the bank organization by

providing the easy access to the cash transaction. We can withdraw the cash
anywhere and anytime without waiting in queue. Hence, ATM card is used
wildly but we have to face the fraud related to the ATM transaction . To
make ATM transaction more secure we are using biometric scanning machine
to identify the account holder. Finger is unique identity of each person so the
use of Biometric Fingerprint scanner we can avoid ATM related fraud. The
Security feature enhanced stability and reliability of owner recognition .The
whole system designed by using technology of embedded system which
makes the system more secure, reliable and easy to use.
 HARDWARE DESIGN
To implement the proposed security for ATM terminals with the use of
fingerprint recognition, we use the different hardware and software platforms.
Fig shows the major system modules and their interconnections

The design of fingerprint recognition algorithm recognition is so vital for the

whole system. We would approach two steps to process the images of
fingerprint.

1) The detail of fingerprint recognition process.

The first step was the acquisition of fingerprint image by above device
mentioned in the algorithm, and the results could be sent to the following
process. secondly, pre-processing the images acquired. After obtain the
fingerprint image, it must be pre-processing. Generally, pre-processing of one's
is filtering, histogram computing, image enhancement and image binarization.
Lastly, the characteristic value was extracted, and the results of the above
measures would be compared with the information of owner's fingerprint in the
database so as to verify whether the character is matched, and then the system
returned the results matched or not.

2) The design of fingerprint image enhancement

Fingerprint recognition module is an extremely important part of the

system, the high-quality images was the major factors of influencing the
performance in the system. The algorithm of fingerprint recognition
based on the algorithm of Gabor and direction filter was used.
fingerprint enhancement algorithm based on Gabor filter could be better
to remove noise, strengthen the definition between the ridge and valley,
it could significantly improve the image enhancement processing
capacity, but this algorithm was slow in dealing with the high capacity
require
 RESULT

Fingerprint is dependable biometric trait as it is an idiosyncratic and

dedicated. It is a technology that is increasingly used in various fields like
forensics and security purpose. The vital objective of our system is to make
ATM transaction more secure and user friendly. This system replaces
traditional ATM cards with fingerprint. Therefore, there is no need to carry
ATM cards to perform transactions.
The money transaction can be made more secure without worrying about the
card to be lost. In our system we are using embedded system with biometrics
i.e r305 sensor and UART microcontroller. The Fingerprint and the user_id of
all users are stored in the database. Fingerprints are used to identify whether
the Person is genuine. A Fingerprint scanner is used to acquire the fingerprint
of the individual, after which the system requests for the PIN (Personal
Identification Number). The user gets three chances to get him authenticated.
If the fingerprints do not match further authentication will be needed. After
the verification with the data stored in the system database, the user is allowed
to make transactions.
1) The existing ATM machine uses PIN-Card as a security which is very
weak and easy to contravene. This paper tries to find a solution to the above
problems by introducing fingerprint authentication into the existing ATM
machine. A program prototype was designed to imitate a typical ATM system
that uses fingerprint identification to enhance the security of the ATMs. The
proposed system demonstrated a three-tier architectural structure. The
verification system which centered on the enrolment, enhancement, feature
extraction and matching of fingerprints. The backend database system that
serves as warehouse of the templates of all ATM account holders’ pre-
registered fingerprints. The system’s platform creates related transactions
such as withdrawals, bill payment, buying of credit cards and balance
enquiries etc. The results obtained confirm that the current approach could
significantly reduce ATM fraud if not totally eradicate. The main objective of
this system is to develop an system, which is used for ATM security
applications. In these systems, Bankers will collect the customer finger prints
and mobile number while opening the accounts then customer only access
ATM machine. The working of these ATM machine is when customer place
finger on the finger print module when it access automatically generates every
time different 4-digit code as a message to the mobile of the authorized
customer through GSM modem connected to the microcontroller. The code
received by the customer should be entered by pressing the keys on the screen.
After entering it checks whether it is a valid one or not and allows the
customer further access.
 CONCLUSION

ATM machine increase the reliability of the bank organization by providing

the easy access to the cash transaction. We can withdraw the cash anywhere
and anytime without waiting in queue. Hence, ATM card is used wildly but
we have to face the fraud related to the ATM transaction . To make ATM
transaction more secure we are using biometric scanning machine to identify
the account holder. Finger is unique identity of each person so the use of
Biometric Fingerprint scanner we can avoid ATM related fraud. The Security
feature enhanced stability and reliability of owner recognition .The whole
system designed by using technology of embedded system which makes the
system more secure, reliable and easy to use.
The Implementation of ATM security by using fingerprint recognition
and GSM MODEM took advantages of the stability and reliability of fingerprint
characteristics. Additional, the system also contains the original verifying
methods which was inputting owner's password which is send by the controller.
The security features were enhanced largely for the stability and reliability of
owner recognition. The whole system was build on technology. In the present
days it is being used for computer network access and entry devices for building
door locks. Fingerprint readers are being used by banks for ATM authorization
and are becoming more common at grocery stores where they are utilized to
automatically recognize a registered customer and bill their credit card or debit
account. Finger-scanning technology is being used in a novel way at some
places where cafeteria purchases are supported by a federal subsidized meal
program. The system can be extended using a GSM module. The GSM module
sends alert messages to the respective authorities when unauthorized person‟s
finger print is detected.
 REFERENCES

[1] The Biometric Consortium, “Introduction to Biometrics”,

(http://www.biometrics.org), 2006.
[2] D. Maltoni, D. Maio, A.K. Jain, and S. Prabhakar, “Handbook of
Fingerprint Recognition”, Springer, London, 2009.

[3] Samir Nanavati, Michael Thieme, and Raj Nanavati, “Biometrics: Identity
Verification in a Networked World”, John Wiley & Sons, 2002.

[4] Julian Ashbourn, “Biometrics: Advanced Identity Verification”, Springer-

Verlag, London, 2002.

[5] Edmund Spinella, “Biometric Scanning Technologies: Finger, Facial and

Retinal Scanning”, SANS Institute, San Francisco, CA,
2003.

[6] Peatman, John B., “Design with PIC Microcontrollers”, Pearson Education,
India, 1998.

[7] Microchip Technology Inc., “PIC16F87XA data sheet, DS39582S

 SCHOOL OF COMPUTING SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project. “FINGER PRINT BASED ATM SYSTEM”. Is the

bonafide work of. “ANKIT SINGH(1613101144)” who carried out the project

work under my supervision .

SIGNATURE OF HEAD. SIGNATURE OF SUPERVISOR

Dr. MUNISH SHABARWAL MR. AJAY KUMAR

PHD( MGMT.) ASSISTANT PROFESSOR

PHD(CS) SCHOOL OF COMPUTING
PROFESSOR &DEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING