PDF Borang Internship Pinda DL
PDF Borang Internship Pinda DL
@IGBN
Jc``ck Jclg
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk gi`d` siedn 4 odrb Z@QZ. Gi`d` gbrdsd tirus `ikirus. ]dsbik euhd
`ikhdld`b niluodk adtun gdk pblin siedn 4 odrb Z@QZ. Adtun tbgdn airgdodn. Bkhus ikjir aikbkh.
@udl/`uktdo gbsdkhndl. ]irgdrdodk gbsdkhndl. ADA/ADN kcr`dl. @dndk `bku` adbn.
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
(gws)
Jdvbplix 4xjto4
gbit aiads
Fdrbkhbtbs
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk gi`d` siedn 1 odrb Z@QZ. Gi`d` gbrdsd tirus `ikirus. ]dsbik euhd
`ikhdld`b niluodk kyirb `ikildk siedn 4 odrb Z@QZ. adtun gdk pblin siedn 4 odrb Z@QZ. Adtun tbgdn
airgdodn. Bkhus ikjir aikbkh.
aikbkh. @udl/`uktdo gbsdkhndl.
gbsdkhndl. ]irgdrdodk gbsdkhn
gbsdkhndl.
dl. ADA/ADN kcr`dl. @dndk
`bku` adbn.
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
Wypocbg
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk gi`d` siedn 6 odrb Z@QZ. Gi`d` obldkh tb`aul. @ikbkhndt scri odrb.
]dsbik euhd `ikhdld`b niluodk pirut tirdsd tbgdn kyd`dk. Li`ds (+). @udl (+) `uktdo gbsdkhndl.
]irgdrdodk gbsdkhndl. ADA/ADN kcr`dl. Kdfsu `dndk airnurdkh. @bku` adbn.
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
]i`irbnsddk pikukedkh 5
(Qdkdp)
Jiftrbdxcki 1x4hrd`
Vdrbsilld
]dsbik gdtbkh gikhdk niluodk lipuo-lipuo nijbl ni`irdodk gb adgdk gbdld`b siedn ´ 1 odrb ydkh ldlu.
Dwdlkyd tb`aul aiktcl-aiktcl
aiktcl-aiktcl ni`irdodk pdgd gdirdo gdgd ydkh ni`ugbdk `ikyiadr ni lioir, wdedo,
pukhhukh, pirut gdk likhdk. Aiktcl-aiktcl
Aiktcl-aiktcl `irdo ni`ugbdk airuado`ikedgb
airuado`ikedgb lipuo gdk airbsb jdjdbrdk.
brdk.
]ikgirbtd euhd `ikhiluo dgd rdsd hdtdl pdgd gdirdo ydkh tirgdpdt lipuo, rdsd kyirb gbsdkhndl pikgirbtd
.Gi`d` gbdld`b
gdk adtun. pdsbik
@ikurut siedn ´ pdsbik,
nitirdkhdk : odrb ydkh ldlu, gdk gbsirtdb gikhdk rdsd li`do adgdk, sdnbt nipdld
nipckdndk
pdsbik `ikgirbtd pikydnbt
pikydnbt ydkh sd`d 1 `bkhhu ydkh ldluldlu..
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
(gws)
Dsbnlcvbr 9 x ?== `h/odrb sild`d 8 odrb
]drdsitd`cl : x 9== `h
(dkdn)
@ydlhbd
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk sdnbt sdnbt pdgd pukhhukh siedn 1 odrb Z@QZ. Kyirb `ikbkhndt sddt
`ildnundk hirdndk. Niluodk pdsbik gbrdsd sitildo pdsbik `ikhdkhndt adrdkh airdt sitildo dgd djdrd
updjdrd dgdt gb nd`pukhkyd. Aikhndn gbsdkhndl. Qbwdydt trdu`d gbsdkhndl
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
C@D
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk kyirb pdgd tilbkhd nbrb siedn nurdkh liabo : odrb Z@QZ. Kyirb tb`aul
gbdwdlb gikhdk niluodk adtun gdk pblin siedn nurdkh liabo 7 odrb Z@QZ. Gi`d` (+) 1 odrb Z@QZ.
]ikgikhdrdk adbn (+) Niludr jdbrdk gdrb tilbkhd (-) Qbw trdu`d (-)
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
@i`ardki tb`pdkb 5 Obpiri`bs (+) Aulhbkh (-) ritrdnsb (-) pirfcrdsb (-)
Ziru`ik (-)
NBI 0
GRZ]I]ZBD
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk pirut tirdsd sdnbt siedn nurdk liabo 4= ed` Z@QZ. Niluodk `ikbkhndt
`ikgdgdn siedn adkhuk gur. Zddt bkb niluodk `dnbk pdrdo sipir `ilblbt. Niluodk `udl (+) `uktdo (-).
Niluodk gi`d` gbsdkhndl. ADA `ikjrit gbsdkhndl. ADN kcr`dl. Kdfsu `dndk `ikuruk. @bku` (+)
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
G@ tpi 1
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk tirdsd li`ds pdgd siluruo tuauo ydkh ydkh gbrdsdndk pdsbik siedn : `bkhhu
tirdnobr. ]dsbik `irdsd `ugdo odus wdldupuk sugdo adkydn `bku`, pdsbik `irdsd jipdt ldpdr, gdk
euhd sirbkh sindlb audkh dbr nijbl absd 8-?x siodrb.
siodrb. Niluodk kyirb airni`bo dtdu tirsikgdt-sikgdt
tirsikgdt-sikgdt (-)
Gi`d` (-). Kdfsu `dndk adbn. @bku` (+) . Qbwdydt pikhcadtdk G@ (-) Qbwdydt G@ pi 1 niludrhd (+)
dydo gdk kikin pdsbik.
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
HGZ 0 179
Obpiriksb
]dsbik gdkh gikhdk niluodk kyirb nipdld aildndkh siedn nurdkh liabo 4 auldk. Kyirb obldkh `aul.
Nipdld tirdsd airdt. Niluodk `udl `uktdo gbsdkhndl, gi`d` gbsdkhndl, pikurukdk nisdgdrdk
gbsdkhndl. Wbgdn dgd niluodk pikgikhdrdk. Qbwdydt Obpirtiksb niludrhd (+) dydo pdsbik. Qbwdydt
`i`bku` cadt obpirtiksb (-)
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
A-Jc`plix tda 4 x 4
AIGDO
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk aikhndn kyirb pdgd nunu bau edrb ndnb ndkdk siedn 9 odrb [email protected]
nurdkh liabo 4 `bkhhu ydkh ldlu pdsbik sund `i`airsbondk nunu gikhdk `ikjcahnil-jckhnil nunu
tirutd`d bau edrb ndrikd tirgdpdt adkydn nctcrdk pdgd pbkhhbr nunu tirsiaut.
Ni`ugbdk gdirdo gbsinbtdr nunu nigud bau edrb aikhndn, `irdo gdk tirdsd kyirb, ni`ugbdk
pdsbik `ikjckhnil-jckhnil
`ikjckhnil-jckhnil sd`pdb niludr kdkkdkdo
do gdk gdrdo. Niluodk gi`d` gbgbsdkhndl.
sdkhndl.
Aikhndn, kyirb gdk airkdkdo odkyd pdgd nigud bau edrb ndnb, sigdkhndk gb edrb ldbk tbgdn dgd.
]dsbik tbgdn `ikhdld`b gi`d` siedn niluodk `ukjul.
]dsbik siodrb-odrb ainired siadhdb tundkh jujb pdndbdk, siodabs `ikjujb pdndbdk ndnb pdsbik
Ztdtus gir`dtclchbnus
Lcndsb 5 tipb bau edrb ndnb ndkdk
Gbstrbausb 5 sb`itrbs
Aiktun 5 tbgdn nods
Zusukdk 5 tbgdn nods
Adtds 5 tbgdn tihds
Ynurdk 5 ku`uldr
Ifflcrisiksb 5 edrbkhdk sinbtdr nunu ugi` irbti`, tirgdpdt pus,
pus, wdrkd nunu
tbgdn airuado
Instrdnsb Nunu
Dppikgbjbtbs
]dsbik gdtbkh gikhdk niluodk kyirb pirut ndkdk adwdo siedn 1 odrb ldlu gdk si`dnbk `i`airdt 4
odrb bkb. Dwdlkyd kyirb ulu
ulu odtb 1 odrb ldlu, sipirt
sipirtbb tirtusun-tusun, obldkh tb`aul obkhhd `ikedldr
ni pirut ndkdk adwdo. @udl gbeu`pdb. @uktdo gbeu`pdb, frinuiksb :x siodrb, bsb `dndkdk.
]ikurukdk kdfsu `dndk gbeu`pdb. Wuauo
Wuau o `irdsd li`ds gbeu`pdb. Gi`d` (+) 7 odrb Z@QZ.
ADN (+) Kcr`dl. ADA (+) Kcr`dl.
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
]i`irbnsddk Dppikgbjbs 5 @jAurkiy, Alu`airh Zbhk (+), Qcvsbkh Zbhk (+), Qiacukg tikgirkiss
A]O
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk tbgdn absd nikjbkh siedn 1 `bkhhu siailu` `dsun ru`do sdnbt, pdsbik
`ikhiluo sulbt nikjbkh, nikjbkh odkyd `ikitis sigbnbt ‚ sigbnbt. ]ikgirbtd euhd `ikhiluo nikjbkh tbgdn
ld`pbds,
ld`pbds, `ikhigdk,
`ikhigdk, gdk dpdabld
dpdabld bkhbk nikjbkh
nikjbkh tbgdn
tbgdn absd gbtd
gbtdodk.
odk. Ziedn 8 odrb siailu`
siailu` `dsun ru`do
sdnbt pikgirbtd `ikhiluo tbgdn absd nikjbkh gdk tirdsd sdnbt sindlb. Gi`d` (-) Qbwdydt aircadt (-)
Qbwdydt pikydnbt gdoulu (-)
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (+) dagc`ik bkfirbcr. tirdad gbstiksb pdgd drid suprdpuabj. kyirb
nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
]rc YZH ]rcstdt
]i`dsdkhdk GJ
Bkf QL 1= tp`
]udsd 6 ed`.
Odi`crcbg
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk niludr aikecldk gdrb gdld` dkus ydkh tbgdn gdpdt gb`dsunndk
gikhdk sikgbrbkyd (odrus gikhdk adktudk) siedn 4 `bkhhu Z@QZ. Aikecldk tirdsd sdnbt gdk tbgdn
kyd`dk sddt edldk `dupuk gugun. ]dsbik euhd `ikhiluo nitbnd ADA tirdsd kyirb gdk pdkds
gbsinbtdr dkus, ndgdkh niludr gdrdo `irdo sihdr `ikitis gb dnobr ADA, gdk tbgdn airlikgbr.
Niluodk bkb gbrdsdndk siedn nurdkh liabo 4 auldk.
]dsbik `irdsdndk dgdkyd niludr aikecldk gdrb gdld` dkus sinbtdr 4 tdouk tdouk ydkh ldlu. @uld
‚ `uld niludr aikecldk nijbl gdk si`dnbk ld`d si`dnbk airtd`ado aisdr, sddt bkb aikecldk gdrb
dkuskyd ydkh tbgdn gdpdt `dsun gikhdk sikgbrbkyd.
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
]i`irbnsddk Odi`crcbg 5
Qihbc dkcrijtdl5
Bkspinsb 5 Wd`pdn aikecldk gbd`itir + : j`, ni`irdodk (-)
]dlpdsb 5 Ncksbstiksb tirdad nikydl, adtds tihds, kyirb tindk (-), aikecldk gdpdt gb`dsunndk.
Qijtdl Wcujoir 5 Wckus spobkhtir dkb junup, `uncsd rijtu` lbjbk, tirgdpdt `dssd, ncksbstiksb
nikydl, gikhdk gbd`itir nurdkh liabo : j`, kyirb tindk (-) gdk pdgd sdrukh tdkhdk gdrdo (-),
likgbr (-), fisis (-).
]rc Oi`crcbgijtc`y
]udsd 6 ed`
Vulkus Ldjirdu`
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk lund pdgd edrb tdkhdk gdk ndnb siedn nurdkh liabo 1 ed` Z@QZ. Lund `aul
sitildo tiredtuo sddt `ikhikgdrdb `ctcr. Kyirb (+) pirgdrdodk (+) dkhhctd hirdn `dsbo absd gbhirdnndk.
@cvi`ikt 5 adbn
(GXZ)
Xcukg Wcblit
Oijkh : Edobtdk
(DKDN)
Xcukg Wcblit
Oijkh : Edobtdk
D`cxbjylbk syr :xjto4
Vulkus ]ukju`
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk lund pdgd ndnb siedn nurdkh liabo 4 ed` Z@QZ ndrikd tirtusun pdnu. Zddt
bkb lund tirdsd kyirb. ]irgdrdodk (+) sigbnbt.
si gbnbt. Ndnb `dsbo gdpdt gbhirdnndk.
@cvi`ikt 5 adbn
(GXZ)
Xcukg Wcblit
Ixplcri lund
(DKDN)
Jixb`i syrup 1xjto4
I@IQHIKJR
VC@BWYZ
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk `uktdo-`uktdo siedn nurdkh liabo 4= ed` Z@QZ.@uktdo nurdkh
liabo 6-8x siadkydn 49=jj. Niluodk
Ni luodk `ikbkhndt `ikgdgdn siedn adkhuk gur. Zddt bkb niluodk
`dnbk pdrdo sipir `ilblbt. Niluodk kyirb pirut (+) Niluodk gi`d` gbsdkhndl. ADA `ikjrit
gbsdkhndl. ADN kcr`dl. Kdfsu `dndk `ikuruk. @bku` sulbt.
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/- turhcr adbn
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
Cadt puldkh 5
JOF
]dsbik gdtdkh ni BHG gikhdk niluodk sisdn kdfds siedn nurdkh liabo 4 auldk Z@QZ
ydkh
ydkh si`dnb
si`dnbk
k `i`air
`i`airdt
dt siedn
siedn 4 odrb
odrb Z@QZ.
Z@QZ. Zisdn
Zisdn `ukjul
`ukjul `i`air
`i`airdt
dt pirtd`
pirtd`dd ndlb
ndlb sddt
sddt
pdsbik silisdb `dkgb gdk ni`adlb gdrb nd`dr `dkgb ydkh edrdnkyd 49 `. Ziailu`kyd pdsbik
tbgdn dgd niluodk sddt `ildnundk dntbvbtds ydkh sd`d. Zisdn kdpds euhd `ukjul sddt pdsbik
airadrbkh siobkhhd odrus `ikhhukdndk : adktdl sddt tbgur. Gb `dld` odrb pdsbik sirbkh
tiradkhuk tbad-tbad ndrikd sisdn kdpds. Zisdn tbgdn gbpdkhdruob judjd gdk giau. Adtun ld`d
gbsdkhndl, nirbkhdt gbkhbk pdgd `dld` odrb gbsdkhndl, gi`d` ld`d gbsdkhndl. Kyirb gdgd
gbsdkhndl, niluodk gdgd airgiadr (+) obldkh tb`aul. Niluodk gbsirtdb aikhndn pdgd ndnb
siedn 4 `bkhhu Z@QZ. @ikhb (-), `udl (-), `uktdo (-), kyirb ulu odtb (-).
NY5 J@ WG5 44=/8= K5 ?7x/` Q517x/` Z5 :6,1
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/- turhcr adbn
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d tukhndb +/+ ptinbi (-)
Fctc Wocrdx
Nisdk5 - Igi`d pul`cku` - Jdrgbc`ihdlb
]ikdtdldnsdkddk 5
Kck Fdr`dnclchbs 5
- Cnsbhik 7 llbbtir
- Aig Qist
- Yrbki ndtitir
Fdr`dnclchbs 5
- Vdscfbx
- BZGK :x4= `h
- Fur
Furcsi`
csi`bbg tda
tda 1 x 7= `h BV
- Jdptc
ptcprbl :
:x
x41
41,,9 `h
- Ab
Absscpr
cprclcl
clcl 4x1,
4x1,9
9 `h ]C
- C`iprdzcl 4x7
x7=
= `h BV
BV
Ds`d
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk siedn nurdkh liabo 6 ed` ydkh ldlu, sisdn kdfds tb`aul
`igdgdn, sisdn tb`aul sddt judjd gbkhbk gdk tirnikd giau, tbgdn gbpikhdruob clio dntbvbtds,
pcsbsb. @ikhb (+), adtun (+) airgdodn airwdrkd putbo, ikjir, gdrdo tbgdn dgd. Gi`d` tbgdn
dgd. Qbwdydt ds`d (+).
NY5 J@ WG5 44=/8= K5 ?6x/` Q5:1x/` Z5 :8,4 Z]C1024%
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (+) dagc`ik bkfirbcr. tirdad gbstiksb pdgd drid suprdpuabj. kyirb
nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
(GXZ)
C1 Kdsdl Jdkul 1-7 lbtir/`ikbt
lbtir/`ikbt
Kiaulbsdsb gikhdk viktclbk. 4 d`pul + absclvck 9 titis
Zdlautd`cl : x 1 `h
D`arcxcl sbrup :x4 jto
(DKDN)
C1 Kdsdl Jdkul 1-7 lbtir/`ikbt
lbtir/`ikbt
Ztrcni odi`crdhbn
]dsbik gdtdkh gbdktdr niludrhdkyd ni BHG gikhdk niluodk tbgdn sdgdr siedn ´ : ed` siailu`
`dsun ru`do sdnbt. Niluodk tb`aul `ikgdgdn pdgd sddt pdsbik sigdkh gb nd`dr `dkgb. Ziailu`
tbgdn sdgdrndk gbrb, `dtd pdsbik si`pdt `ikgilbn ni dtds gdk adgdkkyd ndnu, niluodk gbrdsdndk
nurdkh
nurdkh gdrb
gdrb 9 `ikbt
`ikbt.. Zipulu
Zipuluo
o odrb
odrb siailu
siailu`ky
`kyd,
d, pdsbik
pdsbik euhd
euhd `ikhil
`ikhiluond
uondk
k odl ydkh
ydkh sd`
sd`d,
d,
gbtd`ado tirgdpdt nili`dodk dkhhctd hirdn siaildo ndkdk, abjdrd pilc, gdk `ulut `ikedgb
`ikjckh, kd`uk pdsbik `dsbo sdgdrndk gbrb. Ziailu`kyd pdsbik euhd `irdsdndk `udl kd`uk
tbgdn dgd `uktdo, pdsbik `ikhiluondk nipdldkyd sdnbt, audkh dbr nijbl gdk audkh dbr aisdr
ldkjdr, rbwdydt obpirtiksb tbgdn tirncktrcl +.
HJZ 8 (I:V4@1)
WG 5 46=/4== ``Oh
Kdgb 5 21 x/ `ikbt
]irkdfdsdk 5 46x/ `ikbt
Zuou 5 :6,9cJ‒
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
BVFG QL 1= tp`
C1 7 L/`
Bkeinsb jbtbjclbki 1x9== `h
Bkeinsb ]oikbtcbk :x4 d`p gdld` KdJL 4==jj
Zb`vdstdtbk 4x?= `h tda
Gbit tbkhhb ndlcrb tbkhhb prctibk
]dsdkh GJ gdk KHW
]rc pi`irbnsddk JW-Zjdk
@ckbtcrbkh tdkgd-tdkgd vbtdl & Bktdni/cutput jdbrdk
]dsbik gdtdkh ni gikhdk niluodk audkh dbr aisdr airwdrkd niobtd`dk sipirtb pitbs gikhdk
ncksbstiksb lukdn, :-9x/odrb nurdkh liabo siadkydn 4 hilds dqud, gbrdsdndk siedn 4 `bkhhu ydkh
ldlu
ldlu siai
siailu
lu`
` `dsu
`dsun
n ru`d
ru`do
o sd
sdnb
nbt.
t. ]dsbi
]dsbik
k euhd
euhd `ikhd
`ikhdld
ld`b
`b `udl
`udl gd
gdk
k `ukt
`uktdo
do 4x ai
aiwd
wdrk
rkdd
niobtd`dk
niobtd`dk ydkh airjd`pur
airjd`pur gikhdk `dndkdk sipirtb
sipirtb ncpb siadkydn nbrd-nbrd
nbrd-nbrd 1=jj.Gbnitd
1=jj.Gbnitdoub
oub
pdsbik `i`blbnb rbwdydt pikydnbt gbspipsbd siedn usbd 7= tdouk gdk `i`blbnb niabdsddk
`ikhncksu`sb cadt sdnbt nipdld csndgck gdk acgrix ydkh gbailb gbwdrukh siedn 9 tdouk ydkh
ldlu obkhhd sindrdkh
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (-) kyirb nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
Bkf. QL 1= tp`
Bke. C`iprdzcli : x:= `h
Bke. Ds. Wrdkixd`dt : x 4== `h
Bke. Vbtd`bk N : x4= `h
Zyr. Zujrdlfdt : x jto 1
Wrdksusb ]QJ 1 nclf s/g Oa ;; 4= h/gL
]udsd sd`pdb pikgdrdodk airoiktb
Gbit jdbr
]dsdkh KHW
CAHRK
NIW
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodk kyirb pirut siedn 1 odrb ydkh ldlu `i`airdt 7 ed`
e d` Z@QZ. Kyirb
gbrdsdndk gb siluruo pirut adhbdk adwdo, `ikgdgdn, gbrdsdndk sipir tirtusun gdk tiredgb
tirus `ikirus obkhhd cs `dsun ru`do sdnbt. Kyirb gdn `ikhobldkh `isnbpuk cs `ikhhdk
pcsbsb tuauokyd gdk `ikhdnbadtndk cs gdn gdpdt airedldk. Niluodk kyirb sipir bkb ailu`
pirkdo gbrdsdndk siailu`kyd. ]dsbik euhd `ikhiluo `irdsd sdkhdt li`ds siedn ni`drbk
`dld` obkhhd cs gdn gdpdt airdnvbtds sipir abdsd. Nipdld gbrdsdndk sigbnbt pusbkh gdk
pdkgdkhdk ndgdkh-ndgdkh
pdkgdkhdk ndgdkh-ndgdkh airnukdkh-nukdkh. Niluodk `udl-`udl rbkhdk tdkpd gbsirtdb
`uktdo euhd gbrdsdndk clio cs siedn dwdl niod`bldkkyd
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
JY 5 DF a/j ; K
D] 5 `dss
`dssd
d -/-,
-/-, kyir
kyirbb +/
+/+
+
JG 5 `ikc
`ikcke
kecl
cl,, kyir
kyirbb +
Wis Niod`bldk5 ]]W (+)
Bkfus QL 1? titis/`ikbt
Jifctdxb` 1 hrd` BV
]IQZDLBKDK KCQ@DL
Kyirb gbrdsdb siedn nurdkh liabo 4 ed` Z@QZ. Gbsirtdb niludr likgbr jd`pur gdrdo gdrb ni`dludk
Ztdtus Castitrbnus 5
Hikbtdlbd 5
@bc`d Ytirb
]dsbik gdtdkh gikhdk niluodkniludr gdrdo gdrb edldk ldobr sijdrd tirus-`ikirus nurdkh liabo siedn sdtu
auldk ydkh ldlu. Gdrdo ydkh niludr sipir gdrdo odbg ydkh gbsirtdb rdsd kyirb pdgd pirut adhbdk adwdo.
]dsbik `ikhdtdndk adowd bd gdpdt `ikhodabsndk ´ 9 pi`adlut sidp odrb. Ziailu` `ikhdld`b
pirgdrdodk ydkh tirus-`ikirus sddt bkb, pdsbik gdn pirkdo `ikhdld`b `dsdldo pdgd sbnlus
`ikstrudsbkyd.]dsbik `ikydkhndl dgdkyd rdsd pikuo pdgd pirut adhbdk adwdo, hdkhhudk pdgd
sdlurdkni`bo, dtdupuk dgdkyd hdkhhudk pdgd sdlurdk jirkd.
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
Dag 5 Gdtdr supil AY (+) Kyirb tindk (+) dagc`ik bkfirbcr. tirdad gbstiksb pdgd drid suprdpuabj. kyirb
nitcn JVD -/-
Ins 5 Dnrdl Odkhdt (+) JQW < 1s. Igi`d (-) ptinbi (-)
]i`irbnsddk Hbkinclchb 0
]dlpds
]dlpdsb5
b5 Fuk
Fukgus
gus uti
utirb
rb gdn
gdn tir
tirdad
dad,, sig
sigbnb
bnbtt tirdad
tirdad `dssd
`dssd nik
nikydl
ydl pdgd
pdgd adh
adhbdk
bdk adwdo
adwdo
flu
flunsu
nsuss (+) `iri`ais
`iri`ais,, lb
lbvbg
vbgii (-)
(-),ß
,ß (-)
(-),, flu
flucr dlaus (-), gbkg
cr dlaus gbkgbkh
bkh vdhbkd
vdhbkd kcr`
kcr`dl,
dl, `dss
`dssd
d
(-),pirdgdkhdk (-).
]i`irbnsddk Gdld` (VW)5 Gbkgbkh vdhbkd kcr`dl, `dssd (-)> pcrtbc lbjbk, nikydl, ß (-), kyirb
hcydkh (-)> jcrpus utirb dktiinsb, aiktun gdk ncksbstiksb sisudb u`ur niod`bldk 4:-47
`bkhhu>
`bkhhu> pdrd`itrbu` ndkdk-nbrb tbgdn tirdad `dssd, kyirb (-)> dgkinsd &jdvu` gcuhlds
kyirb (-), `dssd (-).
]i`irbnsddk YZH5
Ytirus `i`aisdr gikhdk hd`adrdk `bc`dtbn, unurdk 4= x 2 j`.
Wirdpb 5
Bkfus QL 1= titis/`ikbt.
Casirvdsb pirgdrdodk.
Zclusbc ]ldsikd
]dsbik `uldb `irdsdndk pikhiludrdk gdrdo pirvdhbkd` siedn 4 odrb Z@QZ gbsirtdb `ulds oiadt pdgd
pirut. ]irgdrdodk airupd gdrdo sihdr. ]irgdrdodk si`dnbk adkydn 4= ed` Z@QZ gbsirtdb kyirb pirut
ydkh si`dnbk `i`airdt gdk pusbkh `ikhd`adkh. ]dsbik `irdsdndk pirhirdndk edkbk airnurdkh gdk
pirhirdndk edkbk tirdnobr gbrdsdndk 9 ed` Z@QZ. ]dgd sddt
sddt usbd niod`bldk 6 auldk pdsbik
pdsbik pirkdo
`ikhdld`b pirgdrdodk pirvdhbkd` sitildo `ildnundk pbedt urut gikhdk gunuk.
Qbwdydt Castitrbn.
]dsbik gikhdk stdtus H8]6D=. Niod`bldk pirtd`d obkhhd niikd` pdsbik `ildobrndk gbadktu clio
gunuk gikhdk odsbl niod`bldk dtir` gdk eikbs pirsdlbkdk spcktdk.
NY5 J@ WG5 ?=/6= K5 44=x/` Q5:1x/` Z5 :8,4 Z]C1024%
]i`irbnsddk Fbsbn 5
]i`irbnsddk Castitrbn
Dagc`ik 0 gbstiksb
WAEE 0 7=:=
Oa 06,: h/gl
Wirdpb
C1 9 lp`
EBXD
Abpcldr
Niluodk `ikhd`un gbdld`b 4 odrb ydkh ldlu. ]dsbik `ikhd`un gdk `drdo-`drdo `ikhdkjd`
niludrhd `du `i`unul crdkh tudkyd gb ru`do, tdpb tbgdn `ilundb crdkh-crdkh gbsinbtdrkyd, odl
bkb gbndrikdndk pdsbik `irdsd tirhdkhhu gikhdk crdkh-crdkh gbsinbtdkyd bd `irdsd crdkh-crdkh
gbsinbtdrkyd sildlu airjirbtd tiktdkh gbrbkyd. ]dsbik euhd sulbt tbgur gb `dld` odrb
od rb siobkhhd sbaun
`ckgdr-`dkgbr gdld` ru`do gdk tirlbodt sbaun sikgbrb gdk airabjdrd
a irabjdrd sikgbrb tdkpd dgd tueudk
dtdu pikyiadakyd gdk tbgdn gbnitdoub bd airabjdrd gikhdk sbdpd. ]iruadodk pirbldnu bkb
siaikdrkyd tiredgb siedn ´ 8 auldk ydkh ldlu.
ZWDWYZ @IKWD
@IKWDL
L
D. Gisnrbpsb Y`u` 5
4. ]ikd`pbldk 5Wd`pdn sicrdkh piri`pudk tuauo pikgin ,tirlbodt airsbo gdk rdpb, wdedo
sisudb u`ur, jdrd airedldk abdsd.
1. Nisdgdrdk 5 Airuado
1.Dfin 5 Obpirtb`bd
4. Wdrd
Wdrdff pikg
pikgbgbndk 5 Zisudb gikhdk tdrdf pikgbgbndk
bgbndk
:. Crbiktdsb 5 Adbn
G. Hdkhhudk pirsipsb 5
I. ]rcsis airpbnbr 5
4. Drus pbnbrdk 5
d. ]rcguntbvbtds 5 @i`adkebr
1. Bsb pbnbrdk,
H.Gdyd Kbldb
]sbncfdr`dnd 5
- ]s
]sbn
bnct
ctir
irdp
dpbb su
suppc
ppcrt
rtbf
bf
- Viktbldsb
Viktbldsb 5 @i`airbndk
@i`airbndk nisi`pdt
nisi`pdtdk
dk nipdgd pdsbik
pdsbik uktun
uktun `ikjirbt
`ikjirbtdndk
dndk niluodk
niluodk gdk bsb
bsb
odtb sirtd pirdsddk siobkhhd pdsbik `irdsd lihd.
- Ncksil
Ncksilbkh
bkh 5 @i`air
@i`airbnd
bndk
k pikeil
pikeildsd
dsdk
k gdk pikhirtb
pikhirtbdk
dk nipdgd pdsbik
pdsbik dhdr `i`dod`b
`i`dod`b
pikydnbtkyd gdk adhdb`dkd jdrd `ikhodgdpbkyd. Zirtd `i`ctbvdsbkyd uktun rdebk
`ildnundk pikhcadtdk.
j. Zcsbctird
Zcsbctirdpb
pb 5@i`airbnd
5@i`airbndk
k pikeildsdk
pikeildsdk nipdgd pdsbik,
pdsbik, niludrhd
niludrhd pdsbik
pdsbik gdk crdkh-crdkh
crdkh-crdkh
gb sinbtdrkyd. Ziobkhhd gdpdt `ikirb`d gdk `ikjbptdndk sudsdkd lbkhnukhdk ydkh
`i`adktu prcsis pikyi`auodk gdk `ildnundk nukeukhdk airndld.
Znbzcfrikbd
@ikhd`un gbdld`b siedn : `bkhhu. Zddt `ikhd`un pdsbik `ili`pdr dsadn gdk pdrdkh gdk
`ikhdkjd`. Odl bkb gbldnundndk ndrikd pdsbik `ikgikhdr absbndk absbndk, bsb absbndk absbndk
tirsiaut tirdnobr airupd kd`d “eikkdo‐ gdk sisindlb dgd absbndk bkhbk `i`aukuo pdsbik . ]dsbik
euhd pirkdo `ilbodt adydkhdk ydkh airaiktun crdkh ydkh airdsdl gdrb dydt dydt dlqurdk. Hiedld
bkbk gbrdsdndk pirtd`d ndlb pdgd tdouk 1=4= sipuldkh gdrb `dldysbd
B. ]I@IQ
@IQBNZDDK ZW
ZWDWYZ @IK
@IKWDL
D. Gisnr
Gisnrbp
bpsb
sb Y`u`
Y`u`
]ikd`pbldk 5
Wd`pdn sicrdkh prbd wdedo sisudb usbd, pirdwdndk sigdkh. Nulbt sdwc `dtdkh,
rd`aut pdkedkh airhilc`adkh, gdk pirdwdndk nurus nijbl.
Nisdgdrdk 5 Wirhdkhhu
]irbld
]irbldnu
nu gdk dntbvb
dntbvbtds
tds `ctcrb
`ctcrbn
n 5 Wikdkh
Wikdkh
]i`abjdrddk 5 Ld
Ldkjdr, spcktdk, gdk rilivdk
J. Fukhs
Fukhsbb Bkti
Bktili
lint
ntudl
udl
Wdrdf pikgbgbndk, pikhitdoudk u`u`, gdk nijirgdsdk 5 sisudb tdrdf pikgbgbndk
Gdyd ncksiktrdsb 5 Ad
Adbn
Crbiktdsb
Xdntu 5 Adbn
Wi`pdt 5 Adbn
Gdyd bkhdt
Edkhnd pdkedkh 5 adbn
Ni`d
Ni`d`
`pudk
pudk `ik
ikcl
clck
ckh
h gbrb
gbrb sikgb
ikgbrrb 5 Nur
urdk
dkh
h
G. Hdkhh
Hdkhhudk
udk ]ir
]irsi
sips
psbb
Odlusbkdsb 5 - Odlusbkds dugbtcrbn (+) pdsbik `ikgikhdr absbndk sudrd
]iri`pudk ydkh `ikyiaut kd`d “edkkkdo‐
Gipirsckdlbsdsb 5 Wb
Wbgdn dgd
]rcguntbvbtds 5 Junup
Ncktbkubtds 5 Br
B rilivdk, dscsbdsb lckhhdr
Bsb pbnbrdk
]ricnupdsb 5 Wbgdn dgd
Hdkhhu
Hdkh hudk
dk bs
bsbb pbnb
pbnbrr 5 Xdod`
dod` ni
niai
aissdr
drdk
dk (+)
(+), `ikh
`ikhdn
dnu
u ab
abds
ds `iky
`ikyi`
i`au
auon
ondk
dk
crdkh sdnbt.
F. ]ikhikgdlbdk B`puls 5 Wi
W irhdkhhu
H. Gdyd
Gdyd kbld
kbldbb
Kcr`c scsbdl 5 Wirhdkhhu
O. Wdrdf gd
gdp
pdt gbpirjdy
dydd 5 Gdp
Gdpdt gbp
gbpirjdyd
Wirdpb 5
4. ]sbn
]sbncf
cfdr
dr`d
`dnd
nd
Odpcpirbgcl 4,9 `h : x 4
1. ]s
]sbn
bnct
ctir
irdp
dpbb Zupp
Zuppcr
crtb
tbf
f
- Vikt
Viktbl
blds
dsbb5 `i`ai
i`airb
rbnd
ndk
k nisi
nisi`
`pdt
pdtdk nipd
nipdgd
gd pdsb
pdsbik
ik ukt
uktun `ikhu
ikhukh
khnd
ndpn
pndk
dk
pirdsddk gdk niluodkkyd siobkhhd pdsbik `irdsd lihd.
- Ncks
Ncksilbkh
ilbkh55 `i`adktu
`i`adktu pdsbik
pdsbik uktun `i`dod`b
`i`dod`b pikydnbtkyd,
pikydnbtkyd, gdk `i`adktu
`i`adktu
`ikhdtdsb dtdu `ikhodgdpb strisscr tirsiaut gdk `ikhdkeurndk uktun aircadt
tirdtur.
:. Zcs
Zcsbct
bctirdp
irdpbb
@i`air
@i`airbn
bndk
dk pi
pike
keil
ilds
dsdk
dk pd
pdgd
gd ni
nilu
ludr
drhd
hd pdsbi
pdsbik
k gdk cr
crdkh
dkh si
sinbnbtd
tdrr pd
pdsb
sbik
ik uk
uktu
tun
n
`i`airbndk gcrckhdk gdk `ikjbptdndk lbkhnukhdk ydkh nckgusbf