Nelson Thornes/AQA AS Physics A Weblinks

Chapter 1 – Matter and radiation

URL Descriptive name Description

http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/ScientificNotation/ Wolfram Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or very
Demonstrations small numbers in a compact form. The most important
Project – Scientific thing about a number is its order of magnitude.
Notation (Mathematica Player free download needed to run the
demonstration.)
https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu Molecular ‘Secret Worlds: The Universe Within’ moves through
/powersof10/index.html Expressions – space in successive orders of magnitude,
Science, Optics and ‘Powers of 10’, and into the subatomic universe
You – Powers of 10 of electrons and protons.
http://www.nikon.co.jp/main/eng/feelnikon/discovery/uni Nikon - Universcale From the extremities of space down to the femtometre.
verscale/index_f.htm Jump to the page that you want by clicking on the scale
number or use your mouse if it is wheeled.
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resources/phy03/sci/phy Teachers’ Domain – You wouldn't know it to look at it, but the atoms that
s/matter/atoms/index.html Atoms: The Space make up a solid piece of iron contain more space than
Between stuff. How is it then that the whole world doesn't just
crumble around us? This 75 second video segment
adapted from A Science Odyssey uses models, vivid
descriptions, and analogies to explain the structural
integrity of matter at the atomic level.
http://www.phrenopolis.com/perspective/atom/index.htm Hydrogen Atom Compare an electron (one pixel) to a proton and the
l#electron Scale Model space between. Scroll from the proton to the right a
screen at a time!
http://www.rense.com/general72/size.htm The Size Of Our Use these images to appreciate the scale of the
World universe.
http://dingo.care2.com/cards/flash/5409/galaxy.swf Care 2: e-Cards – ‘Whenever life gets you down Mrs Brown…’ song on e-
Just Remember: Eric card about the size of the universe.
Idle
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/applets/iso.html Physics 2000 – This isotope table shows β – and β + decays resulting in
and Isotope table applet stable nuclei. This is part of the Physics 2000 interactive
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/index.pl from tutorial on Isotopes and Radioactivity.
Science Trek –
Isotopes and
Radioactivity
Chapter 2 – Quarks and leptons

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.particleadventure.org/ The Particle The Particles Adventure – the fundamentals of matter
Adventure and force – is an interactive tour of quarks, neutrinos,
antimatter, extra dimensions, dark matter, accelerators
and particle detectors.
http://public.web.cern.ch/Public/Content/Chapters/Educ CERN – Resources See the following:
ation/OnlineResources/OnlineResources-en.html for teaching • CERN in general – CERN in 7 questions.
• CERN in general – What is CERN (ppt).
• Lecture material – Particles fields and the Big
Bang (ppt/pdf).
• Movies, animations, videoclips, photos and
posters – Videoclip (RealPlayer): CERN in 2
minutes.
• Games and interactives – LCH game.
• Games and interactives – Particles leaving a
track in a Bubble Chamber (QuickTime).
PPARC: Order or download as pdf documents:
http://www.so.stfc.ac.uk/publications/publorderform.asp - Evidence for the Big - Cartoon style posters, teachers notes and worksheets,
x#PSA Bang; Dream journey describing the evidence for the expanding universe and
into the atom; Matter the Big Bang model, atoms and what they are made of,
and antimatter. including nuclei and quarks, and the differences between
matter and antimatter.
- Big Questions, Big - Leaflet/ wallchart describing the Large Hadron Collider
Experiment:The at CERN. It describes the ‘big questions’ about our
Large Hadron Universe that scientists are trying to answer - and how
Collider the amazing LHC will help them do so.
- The Little Book of - A cartoon booklet that introduces particle physics,
the Big Bang particle accelerators and the Large Hadron Collider.
http://www.seedmagazine.com/news/2006/07/seed_feat SEED Short Film – Why so many scientists are pinning their hopes on this
ure_film_lords_of_the.php Lords of the Ring experiment's potential to answer some of the biggest
Also available at link via questions in science? Travel underground and behind
http://www.particlephysics.ac.uk/ the scenes to probe the cavernous Large Hadron
Collider at CERN.
http://www.hep.ucl.ac.uk/masterclass/Acc_sim2/simulat UCL – CERN Simulate accelerating electrons and positrons at CERN
or.html simulation applet before seeing the results of their collision.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/3410/02.htm Nova – CERN (July 12 min video: Beneath the Alps, the mother of all particle
l 2007) accelerators nears completion.

Chapter 3 – Quantum phenomena

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http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Photoelectric See how light knocks electrons off a metal target, and
sim=Photoelectric_Effect Effect recreate the experiment that spawned the field of
quantum mechanics such as obtaining a graph of
electron energy v light frequency with different metals.
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/moder St. Mary’s Physics This animation allows the user to select the radiation
nPhysics/photoelectricEffect.html Online – The frequency and brightness, and the target metal. The
Photoelectric Effect electron current is then measured.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET - Neon Lights Produce light by bombarding atoms with electrons. See
sim=Neon_Lights_and_Other_Discharge_Lamps and Other how the characteristic spectra of different elements are
Discharge produced, and configure your own element's energy
Lamps states to produce light of different colors.

http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Models of the How did scientists figure out the structure of atoms
sim=Models_of_the_Hydrogen_Atom Hydrogen Atom without looking at them? Try out different models by
shooting photons and alpha particles at the atom. Check
how the prediction of the model matches the
experimental results.
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/elements/Elements.html Global View – This applet displays the periodic table of elements.
Elemental Spectra Clicking on an element will show its absorption/emission
line spectrum.
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/ae2/Ae2.html Global View – Atomic This applet presents the user with an energy level
Emission diagram of an atom. Each time the electron moves from
a higher to lower energy level a photon is emitted. The
wavelength of the photon is indicated.
http://www.youtube.com/watch? You Tube – Dr You Tube 5 minute video on the double slit experiment
v=DfPeprQ7oGc&mode=related&search= Quantum - Double with waves and particles, and introducing quantum
Slit Experiment weirdness.
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/index.pl Physics 2000 – The In The Atomic Lab see how some surprising 20th
Atomic Lab and Century physics experiments show us that not
Science Trek. everything is as it seems, for example wave-particle
duality. In Science Trek learn basic principles of waves,
quantum mechanics, polarization, and the periodic table.
Chapter 4 – Electric current

URL Descriptive name Description

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/ohmslaw/in Molecular This illustration of a circuit is used to demonstrate how
dex.html Expressions – the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the
Electricity and applied voltage and inversely proportional to the
Magnetism – Ohm’s resistance of the circuit.
Law
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Ohm’s Law Adjust the voltage and resistance, and see the current
sim=Ohms_Law change according to Ohm's law.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Resistance in Change the resistivity, length, and area of a wire to see
sim=Resistance_in_a_Wire a Wire how they affect the resistance.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IkiEQTpqgU You Tube – Video of the Meissner effect showing a magnet levitating
Superconductivity above a superconductor, cooled by liquid nitrogen –
induced supercurrents producing mirror images of the
magnet’s poles.

Chapter 5 – Direct current circuits

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http://www.matter.org.uk/Schools/Content/Resistors/Def Matter Project – Interactive tutorial exploring the effect of resistors in both
ault.htm Resistors in series series and parallel circuits on the current flowing at any
and parallel point.
http://www.electronics2000.co.uk/calc/calcrsp.htm Electronics 2000 – Perform calculations for series or parallel combinations
Series/Parallel of resistors.
Calculator
http://www.crocodile- Absorb Physics for A- This interactive tutorial explains that power supplies
clips.com/absorb/AP5/sample/020301.html level – EMF and have an internal resistance which reduces the output
Internal Resistance p.d. as the current supplied increases.
http://www.electronics2000.co.uk/calc/calcdiv.htm Electronics 2000 – Perform calculations for potential divider circuits.
Potential Divider
Calculator

Chapter 6 – Alternating currents

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.csupomona.edu/~pbsiegel/www/ideas/oscillo Oscilloscope Adjust the time base and y-gain to determine the
scope.html Simulator frequency and amplitude of the alternating voltage
or display.
http://www.csupomona.edu/~pbsiegel/www/idm/oscope.
html
http://www.virtual-oscilloscope.org/simulation.html Virtual Oscilloscope Operate the system as you would operate a real
Simulation oscilloscope. You can attach and detach signal cables.
Turn the oscilloscope on, before starting to measure.
http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mastascu/elessonsHT Using An Interactive tutorial about using an oscilloscope.
ML/Measurements/Scope1.htm Oscilloscope

Chapter 7 – Forces in equilibrium

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics The applet, ‘Boat in a River’, shows a boat crossing a
Java Applets – river. The river causes the boat to drift. Change the
Kinematics – Boat magnitude of the velocity of the river and the magnitude
and River and direction of the velocity of the boat using the scroll
bars.
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harriso Upscale – DM A simple demonstration showing the addition of two
n/Flash/Vectors/VectorAddComponents.html Harrison – vectors.
Component Addition
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.15 Penn State – This animation shows how the lift on an aircraft affects
02.html Changes in Motion its motion.
or via from Aerodynamic
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h Forces
tml
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm? ExploreScience – A see-saw lever gizmo. Place up to four masses on a
method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=41 See-Saw Torque see-saw at different locations and try to balance the
lever. The position of the fulcrum can be shifted.
http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=- Stable, unstable and Video clips showing a block on different curved surfaces.
2872273713545473481 neutral
(or via equilibrium
http://groups.physics.umn.edu/demo/mechanics/movies
/1J2015.mov )
and
http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?
docid=1619637502623847304
(or via
http://groups.physics.umn.edu/demo/mechanics/movies
/1J2017.mov )
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/forces/ St. Mary’s Physics This applet shows the weight components of a box on a
freeBody.html Online – Free Body ramp. Change the angle and use it to discuss equilibrium
Diagram on an inclined plane.
http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience – Investigate how an inclined plane redirects and reduces
Physics – Motion and the force pulling a brick downward, with or without
force – Inclined Plane friction.
(Simple Machine)
http://www.ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/Incline.htm C K Ng – Inclined This applet displays motion, forces acting and real-time
Plane energy based graphs.

Chapter 8 – On the move

URL Descriptive name Description

http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.15 Penn State – Animation with x-t, v-t and a-t graphs of a car
001.html Kinematics in 1D accelerating, maintaining a constant velocity, then
or via braking.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h
tml
http://www.physicslab.co.uk/skater.htm PhysicsLab – Speed This program is about distance, speed and acceleration.
and Acceleration It shows a brave rocket-powered skater on very smooth
ice in a vacuum! You fire the rockets and give the skater
a constant acceleration. Obtain readings or graphs and
print-outs.
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/acceleration.htm Walter Fendt – This applet shows a car moving with constant
Motion with constant acceleration. You can vary the values of initial position,
acceleration velocity and acceleration (s-t, v-t and a-t graphs are
drawn).
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/block/Block.html Global View – This applet draws s-t and v-t graphs. Set the initial
Horizontal Block values of displacement, velocity and acceleration then
click ‘Run’.
http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/C Upscale – DM Set the acceleration of the car, click the start button and
lassMechanics/MotionDiagram/MotionDiagram.html Harrison – Motion display the corresponding v-t graph.
Animation
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics A red dot moves at a constant velocity while a yellow dot
Java Applets – accelerates. ‘Stop’ when yellow catches red to observe
Kinematics – Catch the s-t and v-t graphs.
 Up
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/AverageVelocity/index.ht Global View – Free This applet allows students to measure free fall times
ml Fall and average velocities and hence determine the
acceleration due to gravity.
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Cla Upscale – DM Firing a projectile when air resistance is negligible. The
ssMechanics/Projectile/Projectile.html Harrison – Projectile initial height and angle may be adjusted. Click ‘Fire’ to
Motion display a y-x graph of the motion.
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/Motion St. Mary’s Physics Animation to show the independence of the horizontal
/HorizProjVx.html Online – Projectile and vertical motion of a projectile.
Fired Horizontally
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/ThrowOffACliff/ Wolfram Two-dimensional display of the trajectory of an object
Demonstrations thrown from a cliff into the sea. Parameters of the
Project – Throw off a trajectory that you can vary are the cliff height, the initial
Cliff velocity and the initial angle. (Mathematica Player free
download needed to run the demonstration.)
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.10 Penn State – Aircraft This animation shows the parabolic path of a bomb
1.html Dropping a Bomb on dropped by an aircraft.
or via Target
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h
tml
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/newCannon/nc4.html Global View - Hit the monkey with the cannon! Control the kinetic
Cannon energy of the projectile, the angle of the cannon, and
choose whether or not to shoot with atmospheric drag
turned on.
http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience – - Fire a banana cannon at a monkey in a tree. The
Physics – Motion and monkey drops from the tree at the moment the banana is
force – Shoot the fired from the cannon. Determine where to aim the
Monkey! cannon so the monkey catches the banana. The position
of the cannon, launch angle and initial velocity of the
Or banana can be varied. Students can observe the velocity
vectors and the paths of the monkey and banana.
ExploreScience – - Learn about projectile motion by firing directly at the
Browse Gizmos monkey. The projectile velocity and position can be
– Classic manipulated, and the target begins to fall at the same
Gizmos – time the projectile is fired.
Shoot the Monkey
(Classic)
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Cla Upscale – DM When the hunter fires the gun the monkey drops a
ssMechanics/MonkeyHunter/MonkeyHunter.html Harrison – The coconut. Click to begin the animation.
 Monkey and the
Hunter

Chapter 9 – Motion and force

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience – Gain an understanding of Newton's Laws by
See also the related ‘Teaching with Gizmos’ movies @ Physics – Motion and experimenting with a cart (on which up to three fans are
http://explorelearning.blogs.com/help/2005/05/creating_ force – Fan Cart placed) on a linear track. See also the related ‘Teaching
the_ah.html Physics with Gizmos’ movies.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Forces in 1 Explore the forces at work when you try to push a filing
sim=Forces_in_1_Dimension Dimension cabinet. Create an applied force and see the resulting
friction force and total force acting on the cabinet. Charts
show the forces, position, velocity, and acceleration vs.
time. View a Free Body Diagram of all the forces
(including gravitational and normal forces).
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.17 Penn State - Creating This animation shows an object on a level table being
01.html Free Body Diagrams: pulled by a falling weight.
or via An Example
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h
tml
http://www.officeofroadsafety.wa.gov.au/index.cfm? Road safety – Download this braking distance game which needs a
event=brakingDistanceGame braking distance Flash player. The spacebar stops the car. Try to stop
game before hitting the pedestrian.
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Reaction This applet displays reaction time and thinking distance
topic=137.0 time measurement + braking distance. Click to start the animation and brake
to stop the car.
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Reaction This applet simulates a multiple car pile-up, drawing a v-t
topic=138.0 time and car accident graph for each car. You drive the second car. When the
first car brakes, its colour will turning red, left click the
mouse button to stop your car.
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics A dot moves to the right with uniform velocity. Change
Java Applets – the initial velocity and acceleration then press the brake
Kinematics – Apply button to decelerate the dot observing the s-t and v-t
the Brakes graphs.
http://www.stoppingdistances.org.uk/ RoSPA – Stopping Run the Pedestrian Injury Simulator to see the impact of
Distances speed and various driving impairments upon your
 thinking and braking distances.
http://www.iihs.org/videos/ IIHS – Understanding Video and teacher’s guide. Go behind the scenes to
Car Crashes: explore the basic science behind car crashes. Watch the
It's Basic trailer.
Physics

http://www.thinkroadsafety.gov.uk/mediacentre/mediapa The THINK! Road Video, audio and printed media for the various THINK!
ge.htm Safety Website campaigns can be downloaded by selecting from the
for example: 'drop-down' menus.
http://www.thinkroadsafety.gov.uk/campaigns/slowdown See link for ‘Its 30 for a reason’ video.
/download/2005tv.mpg
http://www.redlake.com/gallery/videos/VIT.aspx Redlake – Vehicle 10 second high speed video of an Audi in a crash test
Impact Testing – that shows the rapid deployment of the airbag and the
Barrier crash test effect of the crumple zone.

Chapter 10 – Work, energy and power

URL Descriptive name Description

http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.18 Penn State – This animation shows the forces acting on an object
01.html Converting Potential sliding down and off a frictionless ramp. Potential and
or via Energy to Kinetic kinetic energy is monitored.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h Energy on a
tml Frictionless Ramp
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.18 Penn State – This animation shows the potential and kinetic energy
02.html Converting Potential changes of four balls rolling down different ramps.
or via Energy to Kinetic
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h Energy Rolling Down
tml Various Ramps
http://www.berr.gov.uk/energy/sources/renewables/ BERR – Renewable UK government (Department for Business, Enterprise
Energy and Regulatory Reform) website on renewable energy.
http://www.netpilot.ca/aes/ Alternative Energy A US information website discussing the advantages and
Sources disadvantages of wind energy, solar energy and gasoline
alternatives with movies on wind and solar energies.
http://www.r-e-a.net/portal.fcm REA – Renewable Click on the appropriate picture-links to find information
Power on the different subject areas.
http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/climatechange/uk/i Defra – Climate This government website explains how the UK plans to
ndex.htm change: What adapt to the impacts of climate change.
we are doing
 in the UK

Chapter 11 – Materials

URL Descriptive name Description

http://schools.matter.org.uk/Content/HookesLaw/index.h Matter Project – Interactive tutorial introducing Hooke's Law and

tml Hooke’s Law explaining the terms extension and elastic limit.
http://schools.matter.org.uk/Content/YoungModulus/Def Matter Project – The Interactive tutorial introducing the Young modulus, its
ault.htm Young Modulus units and explaining the terms tensile force, tensile
stress, tensile strain, elastic, strong and stiff.
http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=- You Tube – Ship 30 second video clip (from Physikshow Uni Bonn) using
3102325197583120115 floating on nothing! sulfur hexafluoride, which is denser than air.

Chapter 12 – Waves

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Transverse This applet lets you visualize the difference between
topic=14.0 Wave and transverse and longitudinal waves, progressing and
Longitudinal Wave standing waves.
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harriso Upscale – DM See that the electric and magnetic fields are
n/Flash/EM/EMWave/EMWave.html Harrison – perpendicular to each other and to the direction of
Polarisation of Light motion of the wave.
http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/IYearLab/Intros/Stand Upscale – DM An animation showing a wave reflected back and forth
ingWaves/Flash/standwave.html Harrison – between two barriers, setting up a standing wave.
Reflections From
Two Barriers
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/waves/embederQ1.20 Penn State – This animation shows the superposition of two waves,
3.html Interference of whose phase difference varies.
or via Harmonic Waves
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/waves/indexer_waves (varying phase)
.html
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/stwaverefl.htm Walter Fendt – This applet explains standing waves by the superposition
Standing wave of the incident and reflected waves.
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics This applet shows the first three harmonics of a vibrating
Java Applets – string. After selection of variables observe the sum of all
Waves – Harmonics the frequencies.
http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/standing Zona Land – An animation showing the standing wave patterns
Waves/standingWaves1/StandingWaves1.html Standing Waves 1 produced on a string of a musical instrument. Select the
(On a string, both harmonics by clicking the appropriate checkbox.
ends fixed).

Chapter 13 – Optics

URL Descriptive name Description

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/refraction/refrac Molecular This interactive tutorial explores how changes to the
tionmono/index.html Expressions – incident angle and refractive index affect the refraction
Refraction of angle. The wavelength of incident light can be altered by
monochromatic light using the wavelength slider. Materials having differing
refractive indices are available in a pull-down menu.
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/huygenspr.htm Walter Fendt – This applet/tutorial explains the reflection and the
Reflection and refraction of waves by Huygen’s principle. Explanations
Refraction of of each of the steps are provided in the text box.
Light Waves
(Explanation by
Huygens'
Principle)
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Reflection This applet simulates the transmission of a wave through
topic=16 and Refraction dense media using Huygen’s construction.
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/TotalInternalReflecti Wolfram Total Internal Reflection: A ray of light is bent on passing
on/ Demonstrations from air to a medium. This change in angle is
or Project – proportional to the propagation velocities, which are
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/SnellsLawOfRefracti Total Internal often specified by giving the refractive indices of the
onWaveFronts/ Reflection materials.
or Snell's Law of Refraction: Light travels at different
Snell's Law of speeds through different materials, causing it to bend
Refraction (Wave according to Snell's law. Here light is represented by
Fronts) traveling wave fronts coming from a light source above
the boundary between two materials.
(Mathematica Player free download needed to run the
demonstration.)
https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu Molecular This applet explores refraction. Change the medium,
/refraction/index.html Expressions – wavelength and incident angle.
Science, Optics and
You – Refraction of
Light
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Opti Upscale – DM Observe light passing from air to glass. Change the angle
cs/Refraction/Refraction.html Harrison – Reflection of incidence and the refractive index of the glass. Click
and Refraction ‘Next Scene’ to go from glass to air.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Wave Make waves with a dripping tap, audio speaker, or laser.
sim=Wave_Interference Interference Add a second source or a pair of slits to create an
interference pattern.
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics This applet allows the user to change distance between
Java Applets – slits, wavelength and slit to screen distance. Switch
Optics – Young’s between experiment and results. Dragging with the
Double Slit mouse changes the view point.
http://vsg.quasihome.com/interfer.htm Wave Optics – This applet demonstrates two slit interference. Drag
Interference scrollbars to change various parameters and see the
result on the screen.
http://schools.matter.org.uk/Content/Interference/Defaul Matter Project – Interactive tutorial introducing double slit interference,
t.htm Interference of Light measurement of wavelength and diffraction gratings,
Waves with questions.
http://www.physicslab.co.uk/doubleslit.htm PhysicsLab – The This program shows a double-slit arrangement. The width
Double Slit of the slit can be altered and the intensity of the
Experiment interference fringes plotted.
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/waves St. Mary’s Physics This simulation shows Young’s double slit experiment.
/youngs_2_slit_redo.html Online – Young’s Change the slit width and wavelength and see their effect
Double Slit on the interference pattern.
Experiment
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/doubleslit.htm Walter Fendt – This applet shows double slit (diffraction grating)
Interference of interference using nλ = d sin θ . Select different
Light at a Double wavelengths and slit spacings.
Slit
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/diffraction/diffra Molecular This interactive tutorial examines the effects of
ctionorders/index.html Expressions wavelength on the diffraction patterns produced by a
- Line grating. Use the wavelength slider to adjust the size of
spacing monochromatic light passing through the grating.
calculations
from
diffraction
gratings
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/DoubleSlit Upscale – DM The famous ‘Feynman Double Slit Experiment’ for
/Flash/Histogram.html Harrison – Double electrons. Click on 6 electrons per second to observe a
Slit Experiment for faster build-up of electrons on the screen.
 Electrons
http://chaos.nus.edu.sg/simulations/ Frederick H. Is an electron a particle or a wave? Explore various
Willeboordse's interference related phenomena with this applet.
Simulations Gallery –
Interference –
Particles or Waves?
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chemlab/info/resources/mas Dartmouth College – The two applets show a meterstick spectroscope and the
hel/MASHEL.html Meterstick hydrogen energy levels. Move the observer to different
spectroscopy applets emission lines and see how wavelength changes with
angle. Construct the visible line spectrum of hydrogen by
selecting the energy transitions of the Balmer series.
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/moder St. Mary’s Physics Compare the full spectrum with the emission spectrum of
nPhysics/EmissionAbsorptionSpectra.htm Online – Emission hydrogen and helium. Place your mouse over the image
and Absorption to see the absorption spectra.
Spectra
Nelson Thornes/AQA AS Physics B Weblinks

Chapter 1 – Music and sound

URL Descriptive name Description

http://edu.larc.nasa.gov/connect/machine.html NASA – Sound Simple animation of sound concepts. Click on the buttons
machine to learn about terms related to sound and hearing, such as
amplitude, frequency, harmonics, timbre, decibel, noise,
and hearing loss.
http://www.acoustics.salford.ac.uk/feschools/index.htm EPSRC – Sounds This site uses high speed video and animations to help
Amazing explain waves and acoustics. Use the navigation bar to
select a topic, or view the list of topics covered.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=26qvYE-w8Eo University of Salford An 8 minute You Tube video showing how sound is made by
– Sound sources - Prof. Tevor Cox.
high speed film
http://www.csupomona.edu/~pbsiegel/www/ideas/oscillo Oscilloscope Adjust the time base and y-gain to determine the frequency
scope.html Simulator and amplitude of the alternating voltage display.
or
http://www.csupomona.edu/~pbsiegel/www/idm/oscope.
html
http://www.virtual-oscilloscope.org/simulation.html Virtual Oscilloscope Operate the system as you would operate a real
Simulation oscilloscope. You can attach and detach signal cables.
Turn the oscilloscope on, before starting to measure.
http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/mastascu/elessonsHT Using An Interactive tutorial about using an oscilloscope.
ML/Measurements/Scope1.htm Oscilloscope
http://www.eserc.stonybrook.edu/ProjectJava/WaveInt/i ESERC – Waveform Manipulate two sine waves and watch them interact.
ndex.html Interaction Change the wavelength, amplitude, phase or speed of the
waves.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Fourier: See how the amplitudes of different harmonics change the
sim=Fourier_Making_Waves Making Waves waves.
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/stwaverefl.htm Walter Fendt – This applet explains standing waves by the superposition
Standing wave of the incident and reflected waves.
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/stlwaves.htm Walter Fendt – This applet demonstrates the harmonics in a tube as an
or use the following, based on the above Standing longitudinal example of standing longitudinal waves and illustrates the
http://www.physics.smu.edu/~olness/www/05fall1320/a waves movement of the molecules in the air. Select the form of
pplet/pipe-waves.html the tube – both sides open, one side open or both sides
closed.

http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/IYearLab/Intros/Stand Upscale – DM An animation showing a wave reflected back and forth

ingWaves/Flash/standwave.html Harrison - Reflections between two barriers, setting up a standing wave.
From Two Barriers
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Transverse This applet lets you visualize the difference between
topic=14.0 Wave and transverse and longitudinal waves, progressing and
Longitudinal Wave standing waves.
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics This applet shows the first three harmonics of a vibrating
Java Applets – string. After selection of variables observe the sum of all
Waves – Harmonics the frequencies.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Wave on a Watch a string vibrate in slow motion. Wiggle the end of the
sim=Wave_on_a_String String string and make waves, or adjust the frequency and
amplitude of an oscillator. Adjust the damping and tension.
The end can be fixed, loose, or open.
http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/waves/standing Zona Land – An animation showing the standing wave patterns produced
Waves/standingWaves1/StandingWaves1.html Standing Waves 1 on a string of a musical instrument. Select the harmonics by
(On a string, both clicking the appropriate checkbox.
ends fixed).
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/waves/embederQ1.20 Penn State – This animation shows the superposition of two waves,
3.html Interference of whose phase difference varies.
or via Harmonic Waves
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/waves/indexer_waves (varying phase)
.html
http://chaos.nus.edu.sg/simulations/ Frederick H. The superposition of waves can be demostrated with the
Willeboordse's help of music synthesis. See how waves add and what the
Simulations Gallery – results sound like.
Superposition of
Waves
http://chaos.nus.edu.sg/simulations/ Frederick H. This applet shows how much energy the Sun brings to
Willeboordse's various parts of our solar system. Change the distance from
 Simulations Gallery – the Sun and verify the 1/r2 intensity variation.
Solar Power
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/InverseSquareLaws/ Wolfram Gravity, electrostatic force, and luminosity are inversely
Demonstrations proportional to the square of the distance. This source gives
Project – Inverse an idea of why: an area projected from the center of a
Square Laws sphere grows proportionately to the square of the distance.
(Mathematica Player free download needed to run the
demonstration.)

Chapter 2 – Analogue or digital

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.m2m.ecs.soton.ac.uk/Wcaed6aefb4243.htm M2M – Analogue and The M2M (From Morse code to multiplexing Morse code)
Digital - what's CD was sent to schools in 2005. See the linked section
the benefit contrasting analogue and digital waveforms, and the
virtual tour of the Optoelectronics Research Centre.
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/cd/index.ht Molecular This tutorial explores how a laser beam is focused onto
ml Expressions – the surface of a spinning compact disc, and how
Electricity and variations between pits and lands on the disc surface
Magnetism – How a affect how light is either scattered by the disc surface or
Compact Disc Works reflected back into a detector.
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/diffraction/diffra Molecular This interactive tutorial examines the effects of
ctionorders/index.html Expressions wavelength on the diffraction patterns produced by a
- Line grating. Use the wavelength slider to adjust the size of
spacing monochromatic light passing through the grating.
calculations
from
diffraction
gratings
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/doubleslit.htm Walter Fendt – This applet shows double slit (diffraction grating)
Interference of interference using nλ = d sin θ . Select different
Light at a Double wavelengths and slit spacings.
Slit
http://vsg.quasihome.com/interfer.htm Wave Optics – This applet demonstrates two slit interference. Drag
Interference scrollbars to change various parameters and see the
result on the screen.
http://schools.matter.org.uk/Content/Interference/Defaul Matter Project – Interactive tutorial introducing double slit interference,
t.htm Interference of Light measurement of wavelength and diffraction gratings,
 Waves with questions.
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics This applet allows the user to change distance between
Java Applets – slits, wavelength and slit to screen distance. Switch
Optics – Young’s between experiment and results. Dragging with the
Double Slit mouse changes the view point.
http://www.physicslab.co.uk/doubleslit.htm PhysicsLab – The This program shows a double-slit arrangement. The width
Double Slit of the slit can be altered and the intensity of the
Experiment interference fringes plotted.
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/waves St. Mary’s Physics This simulation shows Young’s double slit experiment.
/youngs_2_slit_redo.html Online – Young’s Change the slit width and wavelength and see their effect
Double Slit on the interference pattern.
Experiment
http://www.cs.brown.edu/exploratories/freeSoftware/cat Brown University This applet introduces the nyquist limit and the role it
alogs/signal_processing.html Exploratories – plays in signal sampling and reconstruction. Select
Signal processing – ‘Nyquist Limit’, choose execution (e.g. Run with browser
Nyquist limit Java) and adjust frequency and sampling rate.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Radio Waves Wiggle the transmitter electron manually or have it
sim=Radio_Waves_and_Electromagnetic_Fields & Electromagnetic oscillate automatically. Display the field as a curve or
Fields vectors. The chart shows the electron positions at the
transmitter and at the receiver.
http://cnyack.homestead.com/files/modulation/modam.h Cuthbert Nyack - The first applet shows an amplitude modulated signal in
tm - Amplitude and how it depends on modulation index and modulation
and Modulation frequency.
http://cnyack.homestead.com/files/modulation/modfm.ht - Frequency - The second applet shows a modulating signal, the FM
m Modulation signal, the frequency spectrum and how they vary with
the modulation index and modulating frequency.
http://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/watch/elevator/build.h SEED – The Space In the animation the satellite is in a geostationary orbit.
tm Elevator: Imagine… Compare this to a polar orbit and the orbit of the Moon.
http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/refraction/refrac Molecular This interactive tutorial explores how changes to the
tionmono/index.html Expressions – incident angle and refractive index affect the refraction
Refraction of angle. The wavelength of incident light can be altered by
monochromatic light using the wavelength slider. Materials having differing
refractive indices are available in a pull-down menu.
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/huygenspr.htm Walter Fendt – This applet/tutorial explains the reflection and the
Reflection and refraction of waves by Huygen’s principle. Explanations
Refraction of of each of the steps are provided in the text box.
Light Waves
(Explanation by
 Huygens'
Principle)
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Reflection This applet simulates the transmission of a wave through
topic=16 and Refraction dense media using Huygen’s construction.
https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu Molecular This applet explores refraction allowing the user to
/refraction/index.html Expressions – change the medium, wavelength or incident angle.
Science, Optics and
You – Refraction of
Light
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Opti Upscale – DM Observe light passing from air to glass. Change the angle
cs/Refraction/Refraction.html Harrison – Reflection of incidence and the refractive index of the glass. Click
and Refraction ‘Next Scene’ to go from glass to air.

Chapter 3 – Modelling matter

URL Descriptive name Description

http://galileoandeinstein.physics.virginia.edu/more_stuff/ Fowler – Einstein's In this applet the big particle can be considered as a dust
Applets/brownian/brownian.html Explanation of particle while the smaller particles can be
Brownian Motion considered as molecules of a gas. On the left is
the view one would see through a microscope.
To the right is the supposed explanation for the
jittering of the dust particle.
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Brownian This java applet shows Brownian motion for gas
topic=24 Motion molecules.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Rutherford How did Rutherford figure out the structure of the atomic
sim=Rutherford_Scattering Scattering nucleus without looking at it? Simulate the famous
experiment in which he disproved the Plum Pudding
model of the atom by observing alpha particles bouncing
off atoms and determining that they must have a small
core.
https://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/primer/java/scienceopticsu Molecular ‘Secret Worlds: The Universe Within’ moves through
/powersof10/index.html Expressions – space in successive orders of magnitude,
Science, Optics and ‘Powers of 10’, and into the subatomic universe
You – Powers of 10 of electrons and protons.
http://www.teachersdomain.org/resources/phy03/sci/phy Teachers’ Domain – You wouldn't know it to look at it, but the atoms that
s/matter/atoms/index.html Atoms: The Space make up a solid piece of iron contain more space than
Between stuff. How is it then that the whole world doesn't just
crumble around us? This 75 second video segment
 adapted from A Science Odyssey uses models, vivid
descriptions, and analogies to explain the structural
integrity of matter at the atomic level.
http://www.phrenopolis.com/perspective/atom/index.htm Hydrogen Atom Compare an electron (one pixel) to a proton and the
l#electron Scale Model space between. Scroll from the proton to the right a
screen at a time!
http://www.rense.com/general72/size.htm The Size Of Our Use these images to appreciate the scale of the
World universe.
http://www.particleadventure.org/ The Particle The Particles Adventure – the fundamentals of matter
Adventure and force – is an interactive tour of quarks, neutrinos,
antimatter, extra dimensions, dark matter, accelerators
and particle detectors.
http://public.web.cern.ch/Public/Content/Chapters/Educ CERN – Resources See the following:
ation/OnlineResources/OnlineResources-en.html for teaching • CERN in general – What is CERN (ppt).
• Movies, animations, videoclips, photos and
posters – Videoclip (RealPlayer): CERN in 2
minutes.
• Games and interactives – LCH game.
• Games and interactives – Particles leaving a
track in a Bubble Chamber (QuickTime).
http://www.seedmagazine.com/news/2006/07/seed_feat SEED Short Film – Why so many scientists are pinning their hopes on this
ure_film_lords_of_the.php Lords of the Ring experiment's potential to answer some of the biggest
Also available at link via questions in science? Travel underground and behind
http://www.particlephysics.ac.uk/ the scenes to probe the cavernous Large Hadron
Collider at CERN.
http://www.hep.ucl.ac.uk/masterclass/Acc_sim2/simulat UCL – CERN Simulate accelerating electrons and positrons at CERN
or.html simulation applet before seeing the results of their collision.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/sciencenow/3410/02.htm Nova – CERN (July 12 min video: Beneath the Alps, the mother of all particle
l 2007) accelerators nears completion.

Chapter 4 – The particle picture

URL Descriptive name Description

http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Photoelectric See how light knocks electrons off a metal target, and
sim=Photoelectric_Effect Effect recreate the experiment that spawned the field of
quantum mechanics such as obtaining a graph of
electron energy v light frequency with different metals.
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/moder St. Mary’s Physics This animation allows the user to select the radiation
nPhysics/photoelectricEffect.html Online – The frequency and brightness, and the target metal. The
Photoelectric Effect electron current is then measured.
http://www.colorado.edu/physics/2000/index.pl Physics 2000 – The In The Atomic Lab see how some surprising 20th
Atomic Lab and Century physics experiments show us that not
Science Trek. everything is as it seems, for example wave-particle
duality. In Science Trek learn basic principles of waves,
quantum mechanics, polarization, and the periodic table.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Wave Make waves with a dripping tap, audio speaker, or laser.
sim=Wave_Interference Interference Add a second source or a pair of slits to create an
interference pattern.
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/DoubleSlit Upscale – DM The famous ‘Feynman Double Slit Experiment’ for
/Flash/Histogram.html Harrison – Double electrons. Click on 6 electrons per second to observe a
Slit Experiment for faster build-up of electrons on the screen.
Electrons
http://chaos.nus.edu.sg/simulations/ Frederick H. Is an electron a particle or a wave? Explore various
Willeboordse's interference related phenomena with this applet.
Simulations Gallery –
Interference –
Particles or Waves?
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Models of the How did scientists figure out the structure of atoms
sim=Models_of_the_Hydrogen_Atom Hydrogen Atom without looking at them? Try out different models by
shooting photons and alpha particles at the atom. Check
how the prediction of the model matches the
experimental results.
http://www.so.stfc.ac.uk/publications/publorderform.asp PPARC: Order or download as pdf:
x#PSA - Evidence for the Big - Cartoon style posters, teachers notes and worksheets,
Bang; Dream journey describing the evidence for the expanding universe and
into the atom; Matter the Big Bang model, atoms and what they are made of,
and antimatter. including nuclei and quarks, and the differences between
matter and antimatter.
- Big Questions, Big - Leaflet/ wallchart describing the Large Hadron Collider
Experiment:The at CERN. It describes the ‘big questions’ about our
Large Hadron Universe that scientists are trying to answer - and how
Collider the amazing LHC will help them do so.
- The Little Book of A cartoon booklet that introduces particle physics,
the Big Bang particle accelerators and the Large Hadron Collider.
http://www.particleadventure.org/ The Particles The Particles Adventure – the fundamentals of matter
Adventure and force – is an interactive tour of quarks, neutrinos,
antimatter, extra dimensions, dark matter, accelerators
 and particle detectors.
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/DopplerEffect/ Wolfram The Doppler effect is shown as a shift in the visible light
Demonstrations spectrum. This Demonstration also shows how a sound
Project – Doppler wave produces a higher or lower frequency.
Effect (Mathematica Player free download needed to run the
demonstration.)
http://ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/lectures/bigban University of Arizona This webpage shows Hubble's Law and an animation of
g.htm – Big Bang red shift and cosmological expansion.
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Moving This applet demonstrates the Dopplet effect. Wave
topic=21.0 Point source: Doppler speed, wavelength and the speed of the point source
effect and shock can be adjusted. Click on Astronomy picture of the day
wave to see a sonic boom.

Chapter 5 – Stellar radiation

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience A collection of stars visible from Earth can be arranged
Gizmos – Earth based on many observables including color, luminosity,
and Space temperature, name and size. This can be done using
Science – The one or two-dimensional plots, and a plot of luminosity vs.
solar system and temperature can be created in an effort to learn about
the universe – H- the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram.
R Diagram
http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/astronomy/applets/Hr/fra McGraw-Hill – Stellar As a star ages, it moves off its original position in the HR
me.html Evolution and diagram (on the main sequence). Both the path a star
the H-R Diagram takes and the speed with which it moves depend on its
initial mass. With this interactive you can watch stars of
different masses evolve, and see how their temperature,
luminosity and size change with time.
http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/teachers/lifecycles/st NASA – Imagine the PowerPoint presentation of the Life Cycles of Stars with
ars.html Universe! – Life notes.
Cycle of Stars
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YU6X3SPZAJo You Tube – The Life You Tube 2 minute video clip on the life cycle of different
Cycle Of A Star stars.
http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/astronomy/applets/Black McGraw-Hill – Study the way that temperature affects the energy
body/frame.html Blackbody radiation emitted by a black body (a star) using the Blackbody
and stellar luminosity analysis tool.
http://chaos.nus.edu.sg/simulations/ Frederick H. The discovery of the correct formula for blackbody
 Willeboordse's radiation played a key role in the formulation of modern
Simulations Gallery – physics. Vary the temperature and see the spectrum.
Blackbody Radiation
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/elements/Elements.html Global view – This applet displays the periodic table of elements.
Elemental Spectra Clicking on an element will show its absorption/emission
line spectrum.
http://mo-www.harvard.edu/Java/MiniSpectroscopy.html Harvard-Smithsonian MiniSpectroscopy displays a visual representation of a
Center for sample spectrum simultaneously with an intensity v
Astrophysics - wavelength graph. Students redraw the graph using the
MiniSpectroscopy computer mouse, and the corresponding ‘spectroscope
view’ appears immediately as they draw.
http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience Analyze the spectra of a variety of stars. Determine the
Gizmos – Earth and elements that are represented in each spectrum, and
Space Science – The use this information to infer the temperature and
solar system and the classification of the star. Look for unusual features such
universe – Star as red-shifted stars, nebulas, and stars with large
Spectra planets.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET - Neon Lights Produce light by bombarding atoms with electrons. See
sim=Neon_Lights_and_Other_Discharge_Lamps and Other how the characteristic spectra of different elements are
Discharge produced, and configure your own element's energy
Lamps states to produce light of different colors.

http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/modern St. Mary’s Physics Compare the full spectrum with the emission spectrum of
Physics/EmissionAbsorptionSpectra.htm Online – Emission hydrogen and helium. Place your mouse over the image
and Absorption to see the absorption spectra.
Spectra
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~chemlab/info/resources/mas Dartmouth College – The two applets show a meterstick spectroscope and the
hel/MASHEL.html Meterstick hydrogen energy levels. Move the observer to different
spectroscopy applets emission lines and see how wavelength changes with
angle. Construct the visible line spectrum of hydrogen by
selecting the energy transitions of the Balmer series.
http://faraday.physics.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/C Upscale – DM This series of animations illustrates the classical Doppler
lassMechanics/Doppler/DopplerEffect.html Harrison – Doppler Effect for sound waves.
Effect
http://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/lab/doppler/train.htm SEED – The Doppler When a train passes you the pitch of the sound of the
Train whistle drops as the train speeds past you. Is the pitch
really changing?
http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience Observe sound waves emitted from a moving vehicle.
 Gizmos – Physics - Measure the frequency of sound waves in front of and
Waves, sound, and behind the vehicle as it moves, illustrating the Doppler
light – Doppler Shift effect. The frequency of sound waves, speed of the
Advanced source, and the speed of sound can all be manipulated.
http://galileo.phys.virginia.edu/classes/109N/more_stuff/fl Physics Flashlets – This animation shows expanding rings of sound – a
ashlets/doppler.htm Doppler Effect microphone clicks as each ring hits.
http://www.classroomspace.org.uk/ Classroom Space –
Modules –
Optics: - The simulation tool allows students to practice using
- The Doppler Effect the Doppler Effect to make astronomical calculations.
- The simulation allows students to reproduce Hubble's
- The Hubble Law observations and reach conclusions about the rate of
expansion of the Universe.

Chapter 6 – Reaching the goal

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics This applet shows a boat crossing a river. The river
Java Applets – causes the boat to drift. Change the magnitude of the
Kinematics – Boat in velocity of the river and the magnitude and direction of
a River the velocity of the boat using the scroll bars.
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/GeneralInterest/Harriso Upscale – DM A simple demonstration showing the addition of two
n/Flash/Vectors/VectorAddComponents.html Harrison – vectors.
Component Addition
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/forces/ St. Mary’s Physics This applet shows the weight components of a box on a
freeBody.html Online – Free Body ramp. Change the angle and use it as a starting point for
Diagram discussing inclined plane problems.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.15 Penn State – This animation shows how the lift on an aircraft affects
02.html Changes in Motion its motion.
or via from Aerodynamic
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h Forces
tml
http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=- Wide shot male Google video clip of gymnast balancing on rings.
4233145987449205719 gymnast performing
routine on gymnastic
rings

Chapter 7 – Keeping balanced

URL Descriptive name Description
http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience – Investigate how an inclined plane redirects and reduces
Physics – Motion and the force pulling a brick downward, with or without
force – Inclined Plane friction.
(Simple Machine)
http://www.ngsir.netfirms.com/englishhtm/Incline.htm C K Ng – Inclined This applet displays motion, forces acting and real-time
Plane energy based graphs.
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/BlockOnAFrictionles Wolfram Drag the top corner of the plane to vary its steepness. As
sInclinedPlane/ Demonstrations the steepness increases, so does the magnitude of the
Project – net force. This is why a block slides more quickly down a
Block on a steep plane than a gradual one. (Mathematica Player
Frictionless free download needed to run the demonstration.)
Inclined Plane
http://www.walter-fendt.de/ph14e/acceleration.htm Motion with constant This applet shows a car moving with constant
acceleration acceleration. You can vary the values of initial position,
velocity and acceleration (s-t, v-t and a-t graphs are
drawn).
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/block/Block.html Global View – This applet draws s-t and v-t graphs. Set the initial
Horizontal Block values of displacement, velocity and acceleration then
click ‘Run’.
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics A red dot moves at a constant velocity while a yellow dot
Java Applets – accelerates. ‘Stop’ when yellow catches red to observe
Kinematics – Catch the s-t and v-t graphs.
Up
http://www.physicslab.co.uk/skater.htm PhysicsLab – Speed This program is about distance, speed and acceleration.
and Acceleration It shows a brave rocket-powered skater on very smooth
ice in a vacuum! You fire the rockets and give the skater
a constant acceleration. Obtain readings or graphs and
print-outs.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.15 Penn State – Animations with x-t, v-t and a-t graphs:
001.html Kinematics in 1D Kinematics in 1D shows a car accelerating, maintaining
and and a constant velocity, then braking.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.15 Kinematics in 1D: Kinematics in 1D: Car Chase Example shows a car
002.html Car Chase Example accelerating from rest having been passed by another
or both via car with a constant velocity.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h
tml
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/vlab/AverageVelocity/index.ht Global View – Free This applet allows students to measure free fall times
ml Fall and average velocities and hence determine the
acceleration due to gravity.
http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience – Gain an understanding of Newton's Laws by
See also the related ‘Teaching with Gizmos’ movies @ Physics – Motion and experimenting with a cart (on which up to three fans are
http://explorelearning.blogs.com/help/2005/05/creating_ force – Fan Cart placed) on a linear track. See also the related ‘Teaching
the_ah.html Physics with Gizmos’ movies.

Chapter 8 – Going faster and faster

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.explorescience.com/ ExploreScience – Fire a banana cannon at a monkey in a tree. The
Physics – Motion and monkey drops from the tree at the moment the banana is
force – Shoot the fired from the cannon. Determine where to aim the
Monkey! cannon so the monkey catches the banana. The position
of the cannon, launch angle and initial velocity of the
banana can be varied. Students can observe the velocity
vectors and the paths of the monkey and banana.
http://www.explorelearning.com/ ExploreScience – Learn about projectile motion by firing directly at the
or directly @ Physics – monkey. The projectile velocity and position can be
http://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm? Browse Gizmos manipulated, and the target begins to fall at the same
method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=42 – Classic time the projectile is fired.
Gizmos –
Shoot the Monkey
(Classic)
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Cla Upscale – DM When the hunter fires the gun the monkey drops a
ssMechanics/MonkeyHunter/MonkeyHunter.html Harrison – The coconut. Click to begin the animation.
Monkey and the
Hunter
http://jersey.uoregon.edu/newCannon/nc4.html Global View - Hit the monkey with the cannon! Control the kinetic
Cannon energy of the projectile, the angle of the cannon, and
choose whether or not to shoot with atmospheric drag
turned on.
http://www.upscale.utoronto.ca/PVB/Harrison/Flash/Cla Upscale – DM Firing a projectile when air resistance is negligible. The
ssMechanics/Projectile/Projectile.html Harrison – Projectile initial height and angle may be adjusted. Click ‘Fire’ to
Motion display a y-x graph of the motion.
http://www.physicslab.co.uk/shoot.htm PhysicsLab – This program allows you to kick a football on various
Projectile Motion planets at different angles and different launch speeds.
 The range is measured and can be plotted for each kick.
http://www.stmary.ws/physics/home/animations3/Motion St. Mary’s Physics Animation to show the independence of the horizontal
/HorizProjVx.html Online – Projectile and vertical motion of a projectile.
Fired Horizontally
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/ThrowOffACliff/ Wolfram Throw off a Cliff: Two-dimensional display of the
or Demonstrations trajectory of an object thrown from a cliff into the sea.
http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/AnimatedProjectileM Project – Parameters of the trajectory that you can vary are the
otion/ Throw off a Cliff cliff height, the initial velocity and the initial angle.
Or Animated Projectile Motion: Use the trigger to animate
Animated Projectile the simulated projectile. Change the initial conditions by
Motion varying the sliders.
(Mathematica Player free download needed to run the
demonstration.)
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.10 Penn State – Aircraft This animation shows the parabolic path of a bomb
1.html Dropping a Bomb on dropped by an aircraft.
or via Target
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h
tml

Chapter 9 – Looking at energy changes

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.kungfuscience.org/ Kung Fu Science Ever wondered how they break wood, concrete and
bricks with their bare hands? Join Chris Crudelli and
Michelle Cain as they discover how physics can explain
some of the mysteries of Kung Fu.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.17 Penn State – This animation shows an object on a level table being
01.html Creating Free Body pulled by a falling weight.
or via Diagrams: An
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h Example
tml
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/embederQ2.18 Penn State – This animation shows the forces acting on an object
01.html Converting Potential sliding down and off a frictionless ramp. Potential and
or via Energy to Kinetic kinetic energy is monitored.
http://rt210.sl.psu.edu/phys_anim/mech/indexer_mech.h Energy on a
tml Frictionless Ramp
http://www.redlake.com/gallery/videos/VIT.aspx Redlake – Vehicle 10 second high speed video of an Audi in a crash test
Impact Testing – that shows the rapid deployment of the airbag and the
 Barrier crash test effect of the crumple zone.
http://www.thinkroadsafety.gov.uk/mediacentre/mediapa The THINK! Road Video, audio and printed media for the various THINK!
ge.htm Safety Website campaigns can be downloaded by selecting from the
for example: 'drop-down' menus.
http://www.thinkroadsafety.gov.uk/campaigns/slowdown See link for ‘Its 30 for a reason’ video.
/download/2005tv.mpg
http://www.iihs.org/videos/ IIHS – Understanding Video and teacher’s guide. Go behind the scenes to
Car Crashes: explore the basic science behind car crashes. Watch the
It's Basic trailer.
Physics

http://www.officeofroadsafety.wa.gov.au/index.cfm? Road safety – Download this braking distance game which needs a
event=brakingDistanceGame braking distance Flash player. The spacebar stops the car. Try to stop
game before hitting the pedestrian.
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Reaction This applet displays reaction time and thinking distance
topic=137.0 time measurement + braking distance. Click to start the animation and brake
to stop the car.
http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/ntnujava/index.php? CoLoS – Reaction This applet simulates a multiple car pile-up, drawing a v-t
topic=138.0 time and car accident graph for each car. You drive the second car. When the
first car brakes, its colour will turning red, left click the
mouse button to stop your car.
http://www.surendranath.org/Applets.html General Physics A dot moves to the right with uniform velocity. Change
Java Applets – the initial velocity and acceleration then press the brake
Kinematics – Apply button to decelerate the dot observing the s-t and v-t
the Brakes graphs.
http://www.stoppingdistances.org.uk/ RoSPA – Stopping Run the Pedestrian Injury Simulator to see the impact of
Distances speed and various driving impairments upon your
thinking and braking distances.

Chapter 10 – Energy comes and energy goes

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.berr.gov.uk/energy/index.html BERR – Energy – BERR (Department for Business, Enterprise and
and Introduction Regulatory Reform) UK government website on
http://www.berr.gov.uk/energy/sources/renewables/ BERR – Renewable renewable energy gives information on specific energy
Energy sources, including coal, nuclear power, oil and gas,
renewable energy and sustainable technologies.
http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/climatechange/uk/i Defra – Climate This government website explains how the UK plans to
ndex.htm change: What adapt to the impacts of climate change.
and we are doing
http://www.defra.gov.uk/environment/statistics/ in the UK Defra provides summary statistics on the environment in
Defra – e-Digest of the UK.
Environmental
Statistics
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/about_us/watch_ou Energy Saving Trust Energy saving video guides – ‘A guide to renewable
r_video_content/energy_saving_video_guides/a_guide_ – A guide to energy’ is an introduction to using renewable
to_renewable_energy renewable energy. energies in the home.
http://www.r-e-a.net/portal.fcm REA – Renewable Click on the appropriate picture-links to find information
Power on the different subject areas.
http://www.netpilot.ca/aes/ Alternative Energy A US information website discussing the advantages and
Sources disadvantages of wind energy, solar energy and gasoline
alternatives with movies on wind and solar energies.

Chapter 11 – Power from the Sun

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.peep.ac.uk/content/611.0.html PEEP – Energy PEEP (Physics and Ethics Education Project) provides
and resources - information on a wide range of ethical issues
http://www.peep.ac.uk/content/608.0.html PEEP – Climate - activities and challenges
Change - online discussion to help students practice arguments.
http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay? Blue Man Group You Tube video clip ‘sending out a message’.
docid=4670134391239652143 video featured on
‘Earth To America!’
http://www.globalwarminginteractive.com/ Global Warming CO2Fx is a web based multi-user educational game
Interactive – CO2Fx which explores the relationship of global warming to
economic, political and science policy decisions.
http://green.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global National Geographic The Planet is Heating Up - and Fast: Glaciers are
-warming/gw-overview.html – Global warming melting, sea levels are rising, cloud forests are
drying, and wildlife is scrambling to keep pace. It's
becoming clear that humans have caused most of
the past century's warming by releasing heat-
trapping gases as we power our modern lives.
Called greenhouse gases, their levels are higher
now than in the last 650,000 years. See how it
works.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/spl/hi/sci_nat/04/climate BBC – Guide to Animated guide covering five topics: Climate forecast;
_change/html/climate.stm climate change greenhouse effect; carbon cycle; feedback effects;
Gulf Stream.
http://www.explorelearning.com ExploreScience – Place weights into a boat and see how far the boat sinks
Physics – Fluids – into a tank of liquid. The depth of the boat can be
Archimedes’ Principle measured, as well as the amount of liquid displaced. The
dimensions of the boat and the density of the liquid can
be adjusted. See how much weight the boat can hold
before it sinks to the bottom!

Chapter 12 – Using electrical energy

URL Descriptive name Description

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/electromag/java/ohmslaw/in Molecular This illustration of a circuit is used to demonstrate how
dex.html Expressions – the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the
Electricity and applied voltage and inversely proportional to the
Magnetism – Ohm’s resistance of the circuit.
Law
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Ohm’s Law Adjust the voltage and resistance, and see the current
sim=Ohms_Law change according to Ohm's law.
http://phet.colorado.edu/new/simulations/sims.php? PhET – Resistance in Change the resistivity, length, and area of a wire to see
sim=Resistance_in_a_Wire a Wire how they affect the resistance.
http://www.matter.org.uk/Schools/Content/Resistors/Def Matter Project – Interactive tutorial exploring the effect of resistors in both
ault.htm Resistors in series series and parallel circuits on the current flowing at any
and parallel point.
http://www.electronics2000.co.uk/calc/calcrsp.htm Electronics 2000 – Perform calculations for series or parallel combinations
Series/Parallel of resistors.
Calculator
http://www.crocodile- Absorb Physics for A- This interactive tutorial explains that power supplies
clips.com/absorb/AP5/sample/020301.html level – EMF and have an internal resistance which reduces the output
Internal Resistance p.d. as the current supplied increases.
http://www.electronics2000.co.uk/calc/calcdiv.htm Electronics 2000 – Perform calculations for potential divider circuits.
Potential Divider
Calculator

Chapter 13 – Renewable energy

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.windpower.org/en/tour.htm Danish Wind Industry Guided tour on wind energy in self-contained units you
 Association can take in any order.
http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=- Impressive Solar Google Video - A commercial for solar-power pioneers.
8434984754166911388 Power Commercial
http://www.fwee.org/Tours.html FWEE – Hydro Tours Interactive explanation of how hydro-power works.
http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay? Hydroelectic Power - You Tube Ontario Power generation 2 minute video
docid=8089304724891886441 How it Works about hydroelectric power.

Chapter 14 – Using energy efficiently

URL Descriptive name Description

http://www.ncsec.org/team3/students/applet/applet.html NCSEC – How do we Water temperature, room temperature, and cooling rate
model can be manipulated by adjusting the sliders to see the
Newton's Law model's results in graphical form.
of Cooling?
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3915245.stm BBC - Energy Do this quiz and find out if you are a ‘hero’ or ‘zero’ when
efficiency - how do it comes to energy efficiency.
you measure up?
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/ Energy Saving Trust A comprehensive website with good material,
publications and links.