MATH 6 QUARTER 3 Week 3

Competency :
Gives the translation of real life verbal expression and equations into letter or
symbols and vice-versa
Defines a variable in an algebraic expression and equation.
(MGAL III e-16)

Expectations

This module was designed to help you in translating a phrase and a sentence into an
expression and an equation respectively and vice versa and to define the variable in an
algebraic expression and an equation.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Translate a real life verbal expression and equations into letters or symbols
and
vice-versa.
2. Define a variable in an algebraic expression and an equation.

Pre-Test

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on your answer sheet.
1. It is a mathematical phrase that uses variables, numerals and operation symbols.
A. term B. numerical expression
C. algebraic expression D. sequence
2. What is the expression of this mathematical phrase, 3 times the quantity m minus
7?
A. 3 (m - 7) B. 3 x m - 7
C. 3 – m D. 3 x m7
3. It is any letter or symbol that represents a number.
A. numerical expression B. variable
C. constant D. algebraic expression
4. Translate: the sum of three different numbers.

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 1

 A. x + y = z B. x + y + z
C. xyz D. x + yz

5. What is the variable in the algebraic expression, 2f + 5?

A.2 B. 5
C. f D. none
6. Translate the phrase, six more than twice a number into an algebraic expression.
A. 2a + 6 B. 3x a + 6
C. 6 x 2a D. 2(a + 6)
7. Which is the verbal expression for the algebraic expression, 3x + 8.
A.8 more than 3 times a number B. 3 times a number diminished by 8
C. thrice a number less than 8 D. 3 added to 8 times a number
8. Is 3m – 8x + 5 an equation?.
A. yes B. no
C. maybe D. cannot be determined
9. It is an expression that combines numbers and one or more operations and
symbols.
A. variable B. constant
C. algebraic expression D. numerical expression
10. What is the variable in this algebraic expression, 9x + 7?
A.7 B. 9
C. x D.9x

Looking Back at your Lesson

From your previous lesson, you have learned that a sequence is a set of
numbers written in a special order by the application of a definite rule. Each number
in the sequence is called term. To look for some pattern or rules will help us to
continue a given sequence of numbers, figures, or to fill in the missing numbers or
symbols. And to formulate the rule in finding the nth term of a sequence, we can look
for a pattern, guess and check, or working backwards. You have learned also the
difference between equation and expression. Recall that an equation is a statement
tells about the equality between two quantities while expression is composed of
different variables and constant and it is only one parts of an equation.

Determine if each is an expression or an equation.

1.) X+5 =10 ___________ 6.) a number decreased by 8 ___________

2.) 3xy ___________ 7.) Twice a number is 9 ___________
3.) 2s2 ___________ 8.) cube of a number divided by 7 ___________
4.) 2 s 2+ 16 ___________ 9.) 7x = 2x + 14 ___________

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 2

 5.) 4- t =2s ___________ 10.) the sum of the square of a number and its double is 8.
___________

Introduction of the Topic

Lesson 1 : Algebraic Expression and Equation

An equation ( in the context of algebra) is a statement that says that two

expressions are equal to one another in value. An expression is a mathematical string

that can consist of a single number or variable, or a collection of numbers, variables

and mathematical operators arranged in such a way that it can be evaluated to

produce some result. A variable is something that is used to present an unknown

quantity in an equation. A constant are numbers that have fixed values.

Translating Word phrases into Algebraic Expression

To translate word phrases into algebraic expressions and algebraic equation,

familiarity with words and phrases associated with symbols or operations is

important.

The table below show the list of some keywords that are used to describe common

mathematical operations.

Symbol Key Words/Phrases

+ Addition , plus ,the sum ,more than , added to ,increased by, the total

of

- Subtraction, minus, the difference of , less than, decreased by,

diminished by, subtracted from, less

X, •, ( ) Multiplication, times, the product of twice, multiplied by, of

÷, - , / Division, divided by, the quotient of, the ratio of

= Is equal to, equals, is, is the same as

Study the phrases and sentences below that are translated as mathematical or
algebraic expressions or equations.

Word Phrases Algebraic Expression

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 3

 m plus 3

the sum of m and 3

m increased by 3 m+3

3 added to m

3 more than m

n minus 11

the difference of n and 11

n decreased by 11

n diminished by 11 n - 11

11 less than n

N less 11

11 subtracted from n

2 times w

Twice of w

W multiplied by 2 2w

the double of w

the product of 2 and w

x divided by 5

one fifth of x X

the quotient of x and 5 5

the ratio of x to 5

Example 1 Translate to algebraic expression: Six more than twice a number.

Let a = the number

2a + 6 ← Six more than twice a number

Algebraic expression: 2a + 6

Example 2 Translate to algebraic expression: The sum of a number and eight

divided by two.

Let b = the number

Translate :

The sum of a number and eight divided by two

(b + 8) ÷ 2

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 4

Algebraic expression: ( b + 8 ) ÷ 2 or b + 8
2

Exmple 3 Translate into a algebraic equation: The sum of a number and 5 is

twelve.

Let a be the number

The sum of a number and five is twelve

a + 5 = 12
A number plus five is twelve

a + 5 = 12
Algebraic equation: a + 5 = 12

Example 4 Translate into algebraic equation: Twice a number decreased by six is

equal to sixteen

Let b be the number:

Twice a number decreased by six is equal to sixteen

2b - 6 = 16

Algebraic equation: 2b 6 = 16

Example 5 Translate into a algebraic equation: If nine is added to the difference

of a number and nineteen, the sum is ninety .

Let c be the number:

Difference of a number and nineteen plus nine is ninety

b - 19 + 9 = 90

Algebraic equation: b – 19 + 9 = 90

Defining a Variable in an algebraic expression and equation

Variable is a placeholder that represents a number or quantity, the value of which is

initially unknown. In algebra, the letters x and y are commonly used as variable

names, although any character, letter or symbol may be used.

Example 1. 200 - 5m + 3n = p Example 3. 3m – 2y = 60

m,n & p are the variables m and y are the variables.

Example 2. 2x + 8 = 64 Example 4. 6x + 3y = 36

X is the variable X and y are the variables

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 5

 Activities

Activity 1.1 Translate Me

Translate the following word phrases into algebraic expression/equation.
1. seven subtracted from k _______________________
2. m increased by ten _______________________
3. eighteen less than half a number _______________________
4. A number increased by four is twelve. _______________________
5. A number decreased by nine is equal to eleven. _______________________
6. Five times a number is fifty. _______________________
7. The sum of a number and ten is twenty. _______________________
8. Six times the sum of twenty and t. _______________________
9. Fifteen subtracted from ten times k. _______________________
10.Three times a number increased by six is fifteen. _______________________

Activity 2 Describe Me
Write a phrase to describe each expression.

1. 2a _________________________ 6. -3c _________________________

2. x + 3 _________________________ 7. y – 4 _________________________

3. 2f + 5 _________________________ 8. 5g + 4h_________________________

4. -3 (m + n) _____________________ n
9. _________________________
2
q+r
5. _______________________
8
10.m+7____________________________

Remember

•A numerical expression is an expression that combines numbers and one or

more operation symbols

• An algebraic expression is a mathematical phrase that uses variables,

numerals and operation symbols.

• An algebraic equation is a mathematical sentence with an equal sign which

shows that two expressions on either side are equal.

• A variable is any letter or symbol that represents a number.

• A constant has a fixed value that does not change.

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 6

 Check your Understanding

Solve each problem.

1. Migo weighed s kilograms. Express algebraically his weight after he gained 2.7
kilograms.
2. Samantha is y years old now. Represent Samantha’s age 5 years from now.
3. Represent Samantha’s age 2 years ago.
4. A number increased by seven is seventeen. What is the algebraic expression of
this phrase.
5. Translate into an algebraic equation the product of a number and 7 is equal to
twice that number added to 14.
6. Mr and Mrs Castro own a laundry shop. They had 134 customers this week,18
fewer than last week. write an algebraic equation for the customers they had
last week.
7. Aling Maring, when asked about her age, replies, “I am six years older than
twice the age of my youngest child.” Express her age in algebraic equation if her
age now is 66.
8. Six times the sum of a number and 4 is equal to that number diminished by 24
9-10 Translate to algebraic equation and determine the variable that you
used.(Four less than a number is equal to twenty six).

Post-test

Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. It is a mathematical phrase that uses variables, numerals and operation symbols.
A. term B. numerical expression
C. algebraic expression D. sequence
2. What is the expression of this mathematical phrase, 3 times the quantity m minus
7?
A. 3 (m - 7) B. 3 x m - 7
C. 3 – m D. 3 x m7
3. It is any letter or symbol that represents a number.
A. numerical expression B. variable
C. constant D. algebraic expression
4. Translate: the sum of three different numbers.
A. x + y = z B. x + y + z
C. xyz D. x + yz
5. What is the variable in the algebraic expression, 2f + 5?
A.2 B. 5

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 7

 C. f D. none

6. Translate the phrase, six more than twice a number into an algebraic expression.
A. 2a + 6 B. 3 a + 6

C. 6 x 2a D.2(a + 6)
7. Which is the verbal expression for the algebraic expression, 3x + 8.
A.8 more than 3 times a number B. 3 times a number diminished by 8

C. thrice a number less than 8 D. 3 added to 8 times a number

8. Is 3m – 8x + 5 an equation?
A. yes B. no
C. maybe D. cannot be determined
9. It is an expression that combines numbers and one or more operations and
symbols.
A. variable B. constant
C. algebraic expression D. numerical expression
10. What is the variable in this algebraic expression, 9x + 7?
A. 7 B. 9
C. x D.9x

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 8

 MATHEMATICS 6
Quarter 3 Week 3 ANSWER SHEET
Name: Math Teacher:
Section: Score:

MATH 6 QUARTER 3 WEEK 3 9