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Performance Study of The Diode Rectifier With Parallel RC Load

This document is a laboratory manual for electrical engineering students. It describes an experiment on studying the performance of a diode rectifier circuit with a parallel RC load. The objectives are to study the working principles and effect on power factor and harmonics. The circuit uses a full-wave bridge rectifier with four diodes, resistance, capacitance, autotransformer and oscilloscope. The procedure involves measuring voltages and currents with the oscilloscope before and after adding the smoothing capacitor. Post-lab questions analyze the results and effects of component failures.

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Alfnan Alfnan
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56 views

Performance Study of The Diode Rectifier With Parallel RC Load

This document is a laboratory manual for electrical engineering students. It describes an experiment on studying the performance of a diode rectifier circuit with a parallel RC load. The objectives are to study the working principles and effect on power factor and harmonics. The circuit uses a full-wave bridge rectifier with four diodes, resistance, capacitance, autotransformer and oscilloscope. The procedure involves measuring voltages and currents with the oscilloscope before and after adding the smoothing capacitor. Post-lab questions analyze the results and effects of component failures.

Uploaded by

Alfnan Alfnan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 16

University of Technology-Iraq

Electrical Engineering Department-BSC Course

Laboratory Manual

: ‫اسم الطالب‬ ‫علي خالد حيم‬


: ‫المرحلة‬ – ‫رابع‬
‫صباحي‬

Performance Study of the Diode Rectifier with Parallel RC Load


‫اسماء المجموعة‬:
1-‫علي خالد رحيم‬

2-‫محمد كاظم حميد‬

3-‫مجتبى قاسم‬

4-‫علي مهند‬

5-‫مقتدى جبار‬

6-‫محمد حسن‬

Lab. No. (7)


Performance Study of the Diode Rectifier with Parallel RC Load
Objectives

2022
Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

● To study the working principles of an AC-DC single-phase full-wave


bridge rectifier with parallel RC load.
● To study the effect of no-linear characteristics of AC-DC converter
on the power factor and harmonic distortion of the AC input
source.

Equipment and Components


1. Autotransformer
2. Four diodes
3. Oscilloscope
4. Resistance
5. Capacitor

Theory
The Power Diodes can be connected together to form a full wave
rectifier that convert AC voltage into pulsating DC voltage for use in
power supplies.
The full wave rectifier circuit consists of four power diodes connected
to a single load resistance (RL) with each two diode taking it in turn to
supply current to the load. The main advantage of this bridge circuit is
that it does not require a special centre tapped transformer, thereby
reducing its size and cost.
The four diodes labelled D1 to D4 are arranged in “series pairs” with only
two diodes conducting current during each half cycle. During the positive
half cycle of the supply, diodes D 1 and D2 conduct in series (indicated by
the arrows in figure 7.1 ) while diodes D3 and D4 are reverse biased and
the current flows through the load as shown below
During the negative half cycle of the supply, diodes D 3 and D4 conduct
in series, but diodes D1 and D2 switch “OFF” as they are now reversing

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

biased. The current flowing through the load is the same direction as
before.

Fig.7.1: The Positive Half-cycle The Negative Half-cycle .


As the current flowing through the load is unidirectional, so the voltage
developed across the load is also unidirectional the same as for the
previous two diode full-wave rectifier, therefore the average DC voltage
across the load is 0.637Vmax. However in reality, during each half cycle
the current flows through two diodes instead of just one so the
amplitude of the output voltage is two voltage drops ( 2*0.7 = 1.4V ) less
than the input Vmax amplitude. The ripple frequency is now twice the
supply frequency, figure 7.2.

Fig.7.2: Full-wave Rectifier with Smoothing Capacitor.

The full-wave bridge rectifier gives a greater mean DC value (0.637


Vmax) with superimposed ripple while the output waveform is twice that
of the frequency of the input supply frequency.

The Smoothing Capacitor:


It can improve the average DC output of the rectifier while at the same
time reducing the AC variation of the rectified output by using smoothing
capacitors to filter the output waveform. Smoothing or reservoir
capacitors connected in parallel with the load across the output of the
full wave bridge rectifier circuit increases the average DC output level

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

even higher as the capacitor acts like a storage device as shown in


figure 7.3.
The smoothing capacitor converts the full-wave rippled output of the
rectifier into a more smooth DC output voltage. If run the circuit with
different values of smoothing capacitor installed, it can see the effect it
has on the rectified output waveform as shown in figure 7.3.
The maximum ripple voltage present for a Full Wave Rectifier circuit is
not only determined by the value of the smoothing capacitor but by the
frequency and load current, and is calculated as:
I dc
V ripple =
2fC

Where: I is the DC load current in amps, ƒ is the frequency of the ripple or


twice the input frequency in Hertz, and C is the capacitance in Farads.

Fig.7.3: Full-wave Rectifier with Smoothing Capacitor.

Procedure:
a) Connect the circuit in figure 7.1. Setup the AC supply to 20V at 50Hz,
and set the load resistance at 100 ohm.

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

b) Use the CRO (Zoom in the waveform) to see the input and output
current and voltage , and diodes current and voltage
c) Connect the capacitor in parallel with the load (as in figure 7.3).
d) Use the CRO (Zoom in the waveform) to see the input and output
current and voltage, diodes current and voltage, capacitor current
and voltage.

VO

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

VD

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

Vin

Io

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

Id

Iin

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

Vo+c

Vd+c

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

Vi+c

Iin+c

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

Id+c

Io+c

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

Ic+c

Result and Analysis:-

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

Post-lab Questions:

1.Compare between the output voltage waveform before and


after using Smoothing Capacitor.

1. Output voltage without capacitor

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

2.Output voltage with capacitor

2.Compare between the input and output current waveform


before and after using smoothing Capacitor.

1. output current without capacitor

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

2. Output current with capacitor

3.Is the input current waveform distorted after using smoothing


Capacitor? Why?

-Yes due to Harmonic distortions

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Laboratory Manual for 4th Year Students

4.(a) Draw the output waveform when the diode D1 is damaged


as short.

(b) Draw the output waveform when the diode D1 is damaged


as open.

Page 16 of 16

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