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Paragraph Writing

The document discusses the key components of writing effective paragraphs, including topic sentences, unity, coherence, and sufficient development. It provides examples to illustrate the three main parts of a paragraph: introduction, body, and conclusion. Additionally, it describes two main methods for organizing paragraphs - deductive and inductive. Deductive paragraphs begin with a topic sentence and then provide supporting evidence, while inductive paragraphs present clues first and then draw a conclusion as the topic sentence. Overall, the document offers guidance on writing paragraphs with clear organization and structure.

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275 views

Paragraph Writing

The document discusses the key components of writing effective paragraphs, including topic sentences, unity, coherence, and sufficient development. It provides examples to illustrate the three main parts of a paragraph: introduction, body, and conclusion. Additionally, it describes two main methods for organizing paragraphs - deductive and inductive. Deductive paragraphs begin with a topic sentence and then provide supporting evidence, while inductive paragraphs present clues first and then draw a conclusion as the topic sentence. Overall, the document offers guidance on writing paragraphs with clear organization and structure.

Uploaded by

vaishali TMU student
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Paragraph Writing

A paragraph is a series of sentences that are organized and coherent, and are all related to a
single topic. Almost every piece of writing you do that is longer than a few sentences should be
organized into paragraphs. This is because paragraphs show a reader where the subdivisions of
an essay begin and end, and thus help the reader see the organization of the essay and grasp its
main points.

Paragraphs can contain many different kinds of information. A paragraph could contain a series
of brief examples or a single long illustration of a general point. It might describe a place,
character, or process; narrate a series of events; compare or contrast two or more things; classify
items into categories; or describe causes and effects. Regardless of the kind of information they
contain, all paragraphs share certain characteristics. One of the most important of these is a topic
sentence.

TOPIC SENTENCES

A well-organized paragraph supports or develops a single controlling idea, which is expressed in


a sentence called the topic sentence. A topic sentence has several important functions: it
substantiates or supports an essay’s thesis statement; it unifies the content of a paragraph and
directs the order of the sentences; and it advises the reader of the subject to be discussed and how
the paragraph will discuss it. Readers generally look to the first few sentences in a paragraph to
determine the subject and perspective of the paragraph. That’s why it’s often best to put the topic
sentence at the very beginning of the paragraph. In some cases, however, it’s more effective to
place another sentence before the topic sentence—for example, a sentence linking the current
paragraph to the previous one, or one providing background information.

Although most paragraphs should have a topic sentence, there are a few situations when a
paragraph might not need a topic sentence. For example, you might be able to omit a topic
sentence in a paragraph that narrates a series of events, if a paragraph continues developing an
idea that you introduced (with a topic sentence) in the previous paragraph, or if all the sentences
and details in a paragraph clearly refer—perhaps indirectly—to a main point. The vast majority
of your paragraphs, however, should have a topic sentence.

PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE

Most paragraphs in an essay have a three-part structure—introduction, body, and conclusion.


You can see this structure in paragraphs whether they are narrating, describing, comparing,
contrasting, or analyzing information. Each part of the paragraph plays an important role in
communicating your meaning to your reader.
Introduction: the first section of a paragraph; should include the topic sentence and any other
sentences at the beginning of the paragraph that give background information or provide a
transition.

Body: follows the introduction; discusses the controlling idea, using facts, arguments, analysis,
examples, and other information.

Conclusion: the final section; summarizes the connections between the information discussed in
the body of the paragraph and the paragraph’s controlling idea.

The following paragraph illustrates this pattern of organization. In this paragraph the topic
sentence and concluding sentence (CAPITALIZED) both help the reader keep the paragraph’s
main point in mind.

Essentials of Para-

There are four essential elements that an effective paragraph should consistently contain: unity,
coherence, atopic sentence, and sufficient development.

1- Unity- In order for a paragraph to maintain a sense of unity, the paragraph must focus
solely on a single idea, point, or argument that is being discussed. Therefore, the
paragraph should not begin to stray and develop new ideas. If you begin to write sentence
that wander from the paragraph’s main idea, then it is time to start a new paragraph.
2- Coherence- Coherence is more commonly referred to as the flow of your writing. When
a paragraph flows, the reader will be able to understand the main idea that you have
presented. How can you ensure that your paragraph maintains a flow? Well, after
presenting your main idea in your topic sentence, each sentence following must build
upon each other in an organized manner. After writing your paragraph, go back and read
aloud what you have written to make sure your ideas are clearly presented. If they are,
you have developed a coherent paragraph!
3- Topic Sentence- The topic sentence is the most important part of your paragraph; it tells
the reader the general idea of your paragraphs and should essentially “hook” them into
wanting to read more! The topic sentence helps to provide a “general summary” for your
paragraph. A reader should encounter the topic sentence and have a general idea of what
the paragraph will continue to discuss.
4- Sufficient Development- Now that your paragraph has a topic, it is essential that this
topic be sufficiently developed. Do not limit yourself to a set number of sentences. Yes,
your paragraph should not be too short or too long, but it should be an appropriate length
to flesh out the entirety of your paragraph’s idea. A reader should not be left with
questions after a sufficiently development paragraph. In order to achieve this, you can
provide examples, cite work, provide necessary definitions, describe, analyze, and
organize your ideas.
Methods of Para-

Deductive paragraph: Example Mental depression is a dangerous symptom. First, it can affect
any one, be he an adult or a child. This is because of cut-throat competition in every area of life.
Second, depression has no physical indications. This makes it hard to detect. Third, people have
the false idea that depression means madness. Clearly, depression is a deadly disease, and is hard
to treat.

Purpose: To make an inference When we put together clues to reach a conclusion, we make an
inference. [recall inference from Reading Skills]. While we make an inference, we use Inductive
method of Paragraph writing. The Topic sentence comes at the last, as a conclusion. The
supporting sentences come at the beginning, as clues that lead to the conclusion.

Inductive Paragraph: Example Aryan reached late in office today. He comes to office by
public transport. He always starts early from his home to avoid traffic. Therefore, the bus he took
today must have had a breakdown.

Purpose: Explaining a concept When we have to explain a concept to a person, we make a lot of
effort to do so through examples, through comparing and contrasting with other concepts, and
through clear-cut description of how it looks/feels. Such explaining is called the Expository
method. Any Wikipedia article is Expository in nature.

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