Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity
(WEF, 2022), cyber threats and cyber hacking activities have been on the rise (Raban and
Hauptman, 2018). This has led to the rapid emergence of the cybersecurity industry. The existing
and emerging technologies are known to have both perceived benefits and negative
consequences (Hauptman and Sharan, 2013). While the perceived benefits are yet to be
comprehensively tapped into, the risks from a growing digitalised world can lead to catastrophic
consequences in terms of critical infrastructure breaches, data and privacy. This has been proven
by a rapid rise in the list of major threats faced by cities (Centre for Risk Studies, 2019).
Given the dynamic nature of technology and the latter’s pivotal role in the systems of modern
cities, cyber risks bring in significant uncertainty and complexity and clearly illustrate the limits
of traditional cyber risk management frameworks, currently being used, whereby the future is
projected as a logical continuity of the present (Desbiey, 2022). Abiding by the latter constitutes
an increase in cities’ vulnerabilities. Future threats can seem to be from pure science fiction
movies but, nevertheless, represent possible scenarios which should be anticipated. Hence, a
phase shift from cybersecurity to cyber resilience is required to better protect the critical
infrastructure of cities. Strategic foresight can be used as the main guiding principle to accelerate
this transition.