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7th Physics, Lesson-7, Electricity and Magnetism

The document contains questions and answers about electricity and magnetism. It includes definitions of key terms like electromagnetism, electricity, current, resistors, and circuits. It also describes experiments to test conductors and insulators and differentiates open and closed circuits. Detailed explanations are provided for the laws of magnetism, how to make an electromagnet and battery, and the different types of electrical circuits. Diagrams illustrate examples like the electromagnet, electric bell, battery, dry cell, and series and parallel circuits.

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milli
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115 views

7th Physics, Lesson-7, Electricity and Magnetism

The document contains questions and answers about electricity and magnetism. It includes definitions of key terms like electromagnetism, electricity, current, resistors, and circuits. It also describes experiments to test conductors and insulators and differentiates open and closed circuits. Detailed explanations are provided for the laws of magnetism, how to make an electromagnet and battery, and the different types of electrical circuits. Diagrams illustrate examples like the electromagnet, electric bell, battery, dry cell, and series and parallel circuits.

Uploaded by

milli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sector-31,Gurgaon

Subject: Science
Physics, L-7, Electricity and Magnetism

Do the following work in your notebook. Draw the given diagrams also:

F- Answer the following questions in short-


Q.1. What is electromagnetism?
Answer. Electromagnetism is the branch of physics that deals with the magnetic effect
of electric current.

Q.2. Write two uses of electromagnets.


Answer. (i) Electromagnets are used for lifting heavy loads like big iron
machines, steel girders and scrap iron objects, for loading and unloading
purposes.
(ii) Electromagnets are used for separation of iron and steel objects
from a heap of metal scrap.

Q.3. What are the advantages of electromagnets over permanent magnets?


Answer. (i) Electromagnets can be easily magnetised or demagnetised by turning on or
turning off the electric current, respectively.
(ii) We can make stronger electromagnets than any other permanent magnet.

Q. 4. Define electricity.
Answer. Electricity is a form of energy that exists as charges in all atoms. It is used for
many purposes like heating and cooling our rooms, cooking food, running
refrigerators, etc.

Q. 5. Write the relation between electric current and electric charge.


Answer. The relation between electric current and electric charge is:
Current (I) = Charge (Q)/Time (t)
1 A = 1 Coulomb/1 sec

Q.6. Why should we not use the electricity from power points?
Answer. According to the Energy Saving Trust, any switched -on charger that is
plugged in will still use electricity, regardless of whether the device is attached
or not. The amount of electricity produced from this only costs a few pence, but
it will damage the charger.

Q.7. What are resistors?


Answer. Those substances which have comparatively high electrical resistance, are
called resistors. Ex. nichrome

Q.8. Write the symbols for the following:


a. Resistors b. Cell c. Voltmeter d. Bulb
Answer.

a. Resistor b. Cell

c. voltmeter d. Bulb
Q.9. What is battery?
Answer. A combination of cells of the same kind is called a battery.

Q.10. Name the five good and bad conductors of electricity each.
Answer. Good conductors of Electricity: Silver, copper, aluminium, iron, steel, etc.
Bad Conductors of Electricity: Rubber, plastics, polythene, PVC
ceramics, porcelain, wood, etc.

G-- Answer the following questions in detail:

Q. 1. Explain the laws of magnetism.


Answer: 1. A freely suspended bar magnet always comes to rest along the north-
south direction. The end point of the magnet that points towards the
north is called the north pole of the magnet and the end that points
towards the south is called its south pole.
2. Like poles repel and unlike poles attract. If we bring the north pole of a
magnet near the north pole of a freely suspended magnet, the poles of the
magnets repel. But if we bring the north pole of a magnet near the south
pole of a freely suspended magnet, the poles of the magnets attract.
3. Poles exist in pairs. If we take a bar magnet and cut it into two pieces.
The two new magnets will have their own north and south poles.
4. The magnetic strength is maximum at the poles of a magnet.

Q.2. What is an electromagnet? Explain in your own words, how to make an electromagnet.
Draw a labelled diagram to show the circuit of the electromagnet.
Answer. Electromagnet: A magnet formed due to the passage of electric current and
retains its magnetism as long as the current passes through it, is known as an
electromagnet.

Making of an electromagnet
Q.3. What type of magnet is used in an electric bell? Draw a labelled diagram of an electric
bell?
Answer. The electric bell works on the magnetic effect of current. It has an electromagnet
in it.

Q.4. What is meant by a battery? How will you arrange two cells to make a battery?
Explain with the help of a diagram. Mark the terminals (+ and -) of both the cells.

Answer. Battery - A combination of cells of the same kind. When joining two (or more)
cells to make a battery, the positive terminal of one cell is always kept in contact
with the negative terminal of the other cell. We know that the positive terminal
of a cell is the brass cap and the negative terminal is the bottom of the zinc
container. So, the cells are joined in such a way that the brass cap of one cell
touches the zinc bottom of the other cell. Drawn battery is made of two cells
The positive terminal (brass cap) of cell has been kept in contact with the
negative terminal (bottom of zinc container) of cell. The positive terminal of
cell and the negative terminal of cell are free to draw current from this
combination (or battery) of two cells.
Q.5. What is an electric circuit? Explain with the help of a diagram.
Answer. Electric Circuit - A continuous conducting path (consisting of wires, bulb,
switch, etc.) between the two terminals of a cell or battery along which an
electric- current flows, is called a circuit.

Q.6. Explain series and parallel circuits with diagrams.


Answer. Series Circuit- In series circuit, each device is connected in such a way that
there is only one path through which electric current can flow.

Parallel Circuit- In a parallel circuit, all the electrical appliances are connected
by means of parallel connections. There are multiple paths, through which the
electric current can flow in parallel circuit.

Q.7. Explain the structure of dry cell with the help of neat and clean diagram.
Answer. A dry cell consists of - 1. A zinc container that acts like a negative terminal. It is
placed inside a painted tin container.
2. Zinc container is filled with a moist paste of
ammonium chloride and Plaster of Paris. It works as an
electrolyte.
3. A muslin bag with a carbon rod is placed inside the
moist paste.
4. Carbon rod is with a brass cap and acts as a positive
electrode.
5. Empty space around the caron rod is filled with
manganese dioxide and powdered carbon (charcoal).
A Dry Cell

Q.8. Write an experiment to test whether a material is a conductor or an insulator.


Answer. Touch the open ends of the two wires to each other to form a circuit and test
the bulb. Touch the two open ends of the wire to each material you are testing
(rubber, eraser, plastic, graphite, steel, pins etc) one at a time. If the bulb lights
up, it is a good conductor. If it doesn't, it is a good insulator.

Q.9. Differentiate between open and closed circuit.


Answer. A circuit is considered to be closed when electricity flows from an energy
source to the desired endpoint (and back to the source) of the circuit. In other
words, a closed circuit has a complete path for current to flow, whereas an open
circuit doesn't, which means that it's not functional.

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