Answer Key for AP Calculus BC

Practice Exam, Section I

Question 1: A Question 76: D

Question 2: A Question 77: D
Question 3: D Question 78: C
Question 4: B Question 79: B
Question 5: B Question 80: B
Question 6: A Question 81: B
Question 7: A Question 82: A
Question 8: B Question 83: A
Question 9: C Question 84: C
Question 10: B Question 85: C
Question 11: D Question 86: A
Question 12: C Question 87: C
Question 13: A Question 88: C
Question 14: B Question 89: D
Question 15: C Question 90: D
Question 16: B
Question 17: D
Question 18: D
Question 19: D
Question 20: C
Question 21: A
Question 22: B
Question 23: B
Question 24: A
Question 25: A
Question 26: C
Question 27: D
Question 28: C
Question 29: B
Question 30: D
 Multiple-Choice Section for Calculus BC
2019 Course Framework Alignment and Rationales

Question 1
Skill Learning Objective Topic

The Fundamental
1.E FUN-6.B Theorem of Calculus
and Definite Integrals
(A) Correct. This question involves using the basic power rule for
antidifferentiation and correctly substituting the endpoints and
evaluating, as follows.

( )
2

∫1 ( )
2 1 1 1 27
4 x3 − x dx = x 4 − x 2 = (16 − 2 ) − 1 − = 14 − =
2 1 2 2 2
(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the antidifferentiation was
not done and the endpoints were substituted directly into the
integrand, as follows.
2
4 x3 − x = ( 32 − 2 ) − ( 4 − 1) = 30 − 3 = 27
1
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the integrand was
differentiated rather than antidifferentiated, as follows.
2
12 x 2 − 1 = ( 48 − 1) − (12 − 1) = 47 − 11 = 36
1
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the powers of x were not
divided by the new exponent when the power rule for antiderivatives
was applied, as follows.
2
4 x4 − x2 = ( 64 − 4 ) − ( 4 − 1) = 60 − 3 = 57
1
Question 2
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Using the First

3.D FUN-4.A Derivative Test to Find
Relative (Local) Extrema
(A) Correct. A local minimum for f will occur where the derivative f ′
changes sign from negative to positive.
( )
f ′( x ) = 3 x 2 − 6 x − 9 = 3 x 2 − 2 x − 3 = 3 ( x + 1)( x − 3)
The zeros of f ′ are at x = −1 and x = 3. A sign chart shows that
f ′ changes from negative to positive at x = 3. Another way to see
this is to observe that the graph of f ′ is a parabola opening up so
that the graph crosses the x -axis from negative to positive at the
larger zero, x = 3.
(B) Incorrect. This is a zero of the second derivative
f ′′( x ) = 6 x − 6 = 6 ( x − 1) where f ′′ changes sign from negative to
positive. Therefore, x = 1 is a point of inflection of the graph of f ,
not the location of a local minimum. This response might also have
been chosen if the derivative had been incorrectly factored as
3 ( x − 1)( x + 3) . Then x = 1 is a zero of this expression where the
sign changes from negative to positive.
(C) Incorrect. This is a zero of the derivative f ′ where f ′ changes sign
from positive to negative. Therefore, x = −1 is the location of a local
maximum of f , not a local minimum.
(D) Incorrect. This response might have been chosen if the derivative
had been incorrectly factored as 3 ( x − 1)( x + 3) and the zero where
the derivative changes sign from positive to negative was selected.
Question 3
Skill Learning Objective Topic

1.E FUN-3.C The Chain Rule

(A) Incorrect. This response might come from incorrectly applying the chain
d
rule twice as ( f ( g ( x ) ) ) = f ′( g ′( x ) ) , as follows.
dx
d
dx ( ) ( d
)
2 ( sin x ) = 2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ ( sin x ) = 2 ⋅ 2 ⋅ cos
2
dx ( d
)
dx
( ( )
x ) = 4cos
1
2 x
(B) Incorrect. This response might come from correctly applying the chain rule
the first time but not the second, as follows.
d
dx ( ) d
2 ( sin x ) = 2 ⋅ 2 ( sin x ) ⋅ ( sin x ) = 2 ⋅ 2 ( sin x ) ⋅ cos x
2
dx
(C) Incorrect. This response might come from using the chain rule only once,
with the innermost “inside” function, x , as follows.
d
dx ( ) d
2 ( sin x ) = 2 ⋅ 2 ( sin x ) ⋅ ( x ) = 2 ⋅ 2 ( sin x ) ⋅
2
dx
1
2 x
(D) Correct. The chain rule must be used twice for this composition of three
functions.
d
dx ( )
2 ( sin x ) = 2 ⋅ 2 ( sin x ) ⋅
2
( d
dx )
( sin x )

(
= 2 ⋅ 2 ( sin x ) ⋅ cos x ⋅ ( x )
d
dx )
1
= 2 ⋅ 2 ( sin x ) ⋅ cos x ⋅
2 x
2sin x cos x
=
x
Question 4
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Solving Motion

1.E FUN-8.B Problems Using Parametric
and Vector-Valued Functions
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the chain rule was not used
during the differentiation of the y ( t ) component of the position vector
resulting in the loss of the negative sign, as follows.

v( t ) =
d
dt
( ) d
ln t 2 + 1 , e3 − t = 2
dt
2t
t +1
, e3 − t ⇒ v(1) = 1, e 2

(B) Correct. The components of the velocity vector are the derivatives of the
components of the position vector.

v( t ) =
d
dt
( ) d
ln t 2 + 1 , e3 − t = 2
dt
2t
t +1
, − e3 − t ⇒ v(1) = 1, − e 2

(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the chain rule was not used
during the differentiation of both components of the position vector, as
follows.

v( t ) =
d
dt
( ) d
ln t 2 + 1 , e3 − t = 2
dt t +1
1
, e3 − t ⇒ v(1) =
1 2
2
,e

(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the chain rule was not used
during the differentiation of the x ( t ) component of the position vector,
as follows.

v( t ) =
d
dt
( ) d
ln t 2 + 1 , e3 − t = 2
dt
1
t +1
, − e3 − t ⇒ v(1) =
1
2
, − e2
Question 5
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Working

3.D LIM-7.A
with Geometric Series
(A) Incorrect. This response might be chosen if the series is correctly
identified as a convergent geometric series with common ratio
e e
r = , but the first term was taken to be 1 rather than , resulting
π π
1 1 π
in = = .
1− r e π −e
1−
π
(B) e
Correct. The series is a geometric series with first term a = and
π
e
common ratio r = . Since this ratio is less than 1, the series
π
e
= π =
a e
converges to .
1− r e π −e
1−
π
(C) Incorrect. The sum of the series might have been taken to be the
value of the definite integral used in performing the integral test for

(π ) .
x
e
convergence. Let f ( x ) =

(π )
x b
e
∞
( ) (π )
b
∞ x x
f ( x ) dx = ⌠ dx = lim ⌠
e e
∫1 ⌡1 π b → ∞ ⌡1
dx = lim
b →∞
ln ( )
e
π
1

( πe ) − πe
b
e e
= lim =0− π = π =
e
ln ( ) ln ( ) ( πe ) ( πe ) ( πe )
b →∞ e e
ln −ln π ln
π π
(D) Incorrect. This response might be chosen if the series is correctly
e
identified as a geometric series with common ratio r = , but the
π
ratio is thought to be greater than 1.
Question 6
Skill Learning Objective Topic

1.E FUN-3.B The Quotient Rule

(A) Correct. The derivative of h is found by using the quotient rule.
f ′′( x ) g ( x ) − f ′( x ) g ′( x )
h′( x ) =
( g ( x ) )2
The values for the functions and derivatives at x = 2 are obtained from the table.
f ′′( 2 ) g ( 2 ) − f ′( 2 ) g ′( 2 ) ( 3)( −2 ) − ( −3)( 5 ) −6 + 15 9
h′( 2 ) = = = =
( g ( 2 ) )2 ( −2 )2 4 4
(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the derivative of a quotient was taken to be
the quotient of the derivatives, as follows.
f ′′( x ) f ′′( 2 ) 3
h′( x ) = ⇒ h′( 2 ) = =
g ( x)
′ g ′( 2 ) 5
(C) Incorrect. This response comes from only differentiating the numerator in the
quotient, as follows.
f ′′( x ) f ′′( 2 ) 3 3
h′( x ) = ⇒ h′( 2 ) = = =−
g( x) g ( 2) −2 2
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the terms in the numerator were added
rather than subtracted in the quotient rule, as follows.
f ′′( x ) g ( x ) + f ′( x ) g ′( x ) ( 3)( −2 ) + ( −3)( 5 ) −6 − 15 21
h′( x ) = ⇒ h′( 2 ) = = =−
( g ( x )) 2
( −2 ) 2 4 4
Question 7
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Representing

2.C LIM-8.G
Functions as Power Series
(A) Correct. Beginning with the Maclaurin series for cos x, x 2 is substituted to
( )
obtain the Maclaurin series for cos x 2 . This series is then multiplied term-
by-term by x.
x 2 x 4 x6
cos x = 1 − + − +
2! 4! 6!
( x2 ) ( x2 ) ( x2 )
2 4 6
x 4 x8 x12
( )
cos x 2
=1−
2! 4!
+
6!
− + =1− +
2! 4!
−
6!
+
4
8 12
x5 x9 x13
( )
xcos x 2 = x 1−
x
+
x
2! 4!
−
x
6!
+ = x− +
2! 4!
−
6!
+

(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the Maclaurin series for cos x was
used, but there was no substitution of x 2 before multiplication by x.
x 2 x 4 x6
cos x = 1 − + − +
2! 4! 6!
x2 x 4 x6 x3 x5 x 7
xcos x = x 1 − + − + = x− + − +
2! 4! 6! 2! 4! 6!
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the Maclaurin series for sin x was
used instead of the series for cos x.
x3 x5 x 7
sin x = x − + − +
3! 5! 7!
( x2 ) ( x2 ) ( x2 )
3 5 7
x 6 x10 x14
( ) = (x )
sin x 2 2
−
3! 5!
+
7!
− + = x2 −
3!
+
5!
−
7!
+
6 10 14
x7 x11 x15
( )
xsin x 2 = x x2 −
x
3!
+
x
5!
−
x
7!
+ = x3 −
3!
+
5!
−
7!
+

(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the Maclaurin series for sin x was
used, and the series was multiplied by x 2 .
x3 x5 x 7
sin x = x − + − +
3! 5! 7!
x3 x5 x 7 x5 x 7 x9
x 2sinx = x 2 x − + − + = x3 − + − +
3! 5! 7! 3! 5! 7!
Question 8
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Connecting Limits at
2.B LIM-2.D Infinity and Horizontal
Asymptotes
(A) Incorrect. This response might come from treating the problem like
the limit of a rational function as x goes to infinity when the
numerator and denominator are polynomials of the same degree. If
only the coefficients of the x 2 term and the e x term are considered,
−6
it might be thought that the limit would be = −2.
3
(B) 10 − 6 x 2
Correct. The numerator of is a translated power function
5 + 3e x
and the denominator is a translated exponential function. Since the
exponential function e x grows faster than the power function x 2 ,
the relative magnitude of the denominator compared to the
numerator will result in this expression converging to 0 as x goes to
infinity.
(C) Incorrect. This response might come from treating the problem like
the limit of a rational function as x goes to 0. If only the constant
terms are considered, it might be thought that the limit would be
10
= 2.
5
(D) Incorrect. It might be thought that the limit is nonexistent since the
numerator goes to −∞ and the denominator goes to +∞ as x goes
to infinity, but this does not take into account the relative magnitude
of the exponential function in the denominator compared to the
quadratic term in the numerator as x gets larger.
Question 9
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Defining Average and

3.B CHA-2.B Instantaneous Rates of
Change at a Point
(A) Incorrect. This statement could be false. A function can be
continuous at a point without it being differentiable at that point. For
example, f ( x ) = x − 5 is continuous at x = 5 but not
differentiable there.
(B) Incorrect. This statement could be false. For example, if
f ( x ) = x − 5 , then f is not differentiable at x = 5 but
lim f ( x ) = 0.
x →5
(C) f ( x ) − f ( 5)
Correct. The expression lim is one form of the
x →5 x−5
definition of the derivative of f at x = 5. Since f is not
differentiable at x = 5, however, this limit does not exist.
(D) Incorrect. This statement could be false. The definite integral can be
found if f is continuous even if f is not differentiable at one of the
endpoints. For example, if f ( x ) = x − 5 , then f is not
5 1 25
differentiable at x = 5 but ∫ f ( x ) dx = ( 5 )( 5 ) = .
0 2 2
Question 10
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Determining Concavity
2.B FUN-4.A of Functions over Their
Domains
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the change of sign of the
second derivative f ′′ at x = 3 is detected, but the change in sign at
x = 0 is overlooked.
(B) Correct. A point of inflection occurs where the second derivative
f ′′ changes sign. The zeros of f ′′( x ) occur at x = 0, x = 3, and
x = 10. Constructing a sign chart with the three factors x,
( x − 3)5 , and ( x − 10 )2 shows that f ′′( x ) is positive for x < 0,
negative for 0 < x < 3, positive for 3 < x < 10, and positive for
x > 10. Therefore, the graph of f has a point of inflection only at
x = 0 and x = 3, where f ′′( x ) changes from positive to negative
and then from negative to positive, respectively.
(C) Incorrect. The second derivative f ′′ is positive both to the left and
to the right of x = 10, so there is no sign change in f ′′( x ) at
x = 10. Therefore, the graph of f does not have a point of
inflection at x = 10. There is a sign change in f ′′( x ) from positive
to negative at x = 0, so the graph of f does have a point of
inflection at x = 0 in addition to the one at x = 3.
(D) Incorrect. These are the three zeros of the second derivative f ′′, but
f ′′( x ) only changes sign at x = 0 and x = 3.
Question 11
Skill Learning Objective Topic

1.E FUN-6.D Integrating Using Substitution

(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the substitution u = e x − x was used in
an attempt to evaluate the definite integral.
du du
u = ex − x ⇒ = e x − 1 ⇒ dx = x When x = 0, u = e0 − 0 = 1.
dx e −1
π
When x = π , u = e − π .
Only the substitutions for dx and for the limits of integration were made,
however, and not for e x − x, as follows.
π
⌠ e x − 1 dx = eπ −π eπ −π

⌡0 e x − x ∫1 du = u
1
( )
= eπ − π − 1

(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the substitution u = e x − x was correctly
used in an attempt to evaluate the definite integral, but the evaluation used
ln 1 = 1 rather than ln 1 = 0.
du du
u = ex − x ⇒ = e x − 1 ⇒ dx = x When x = 0, u = e0 − 0 = 1.
dx e −1
π
When x = π , u = e − π .
Substituting for e x − x, for dx, and for the limits of integration gives
π π −π
⌠ e x − 1 dx = ⌠ e eπ −π

⌡0 e x − x ⌡1
1
u
du = ln u
1
( ) (
= ln eπ − π − ln 1 = ln eπ − π − 1.)
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the integrand was incorrectly simplified
1
as 1 − and then either the antiderivative was only evaluated at the upper limit
x
or ln 0 was taken to equal 0, as follows.

( )
π
⌠ e x − 1 dx = ⌠ π 1 − 1 dx = ( x − ln x ) π = π − ln π
⌡0 e x − x ⌡0 x 0

(D) Correct. This integral can be evaluated by using substitution of variables with
u = e x − x.
du du
u = ex − x ⇒ = e x − 1 ⇒ dx = x When x = 0, u = e0 − 0 = 1.
dx e −1
π
When x = π , u = e − π .
Substituting for e x − x, for dx, and for the limits of integration gives
π π −π
⌠ e x − 1 dx = ⌠ e eπ −π

⌡0 e x − x ⌡1
1
u
du = ln u
0
( ) (
= ln eπ − π − ln 1 = ln eπ − π − 0 )
= ln ( e − π ) .
π
Question 12
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Using the Mean Value

3.D FUN-1.B
Theorem
(A) Incorrect. This interval might be chosen because of an error in
computing the average rate of change over the interval as
f ( 0) − f ( 4) 8 − 0 f ( 0) − f ( 4) 8 − 0
= = 2 rather than = = −2.
4 4 0−4 −4
(B) Incorrect. This interval might be chosen because of an error in
computing the average rate of change over the interval as
8−4 4 f (8) − f ( 4 ) 2 − 0 1
= = 2 rather than = = .
f (8) − f ( 4 ) 2 − 0 8−4 4 2
(C) Correct. The function f is continuous on the closed interval [8, 12]
and differentiable on the open interval ( 8, 12 ) . By the Mean Value
Theorem, there is a number c in the interval ( 8, 12 ) such that
f (12 ) − f ( 8 ) 10 − 2
f ′( c ) = = = 2.
12 − 8 4
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the Intermediate Value
Theorem was used instead of the Mean Value Theorem to select the
open interval (12, 16 ) where f ( c ) = 2 for some number c in the
interval.
Question 13
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Approximating Solutions

1.E FUN-7.C
Using Euler's Method
(A) dy
Correct. Euler’s method for the differential equation = f ( x, y ) = x + 2 y can
dx
be written as yk +1 = yk + f ( xk , yk ) Δx, where Δx is the step size. Then yk is an
−0.4 − 0
approximation for f ( xk ) . Here the step size is Δx = = −0.2, since there
2
are two steps of equal length.
x0 = 0; y0 = 2
x1 = −0.2;
y1 = y0 + f ( x0 , y0 ) Δx = 2 + ( 0 + 2 ( 2 ) ) ( −0.2 ) = 2 + ( 4 )( −0.2 ) = 1.2
x2 = −0.4;
y2 = y1 + f ( x1 , y1 ) Δx = 1.2 + ( −0.2 + 2 (1.2 ) ) ( −0.2 ) = 1.2 + ( 2.2 )( −0.2 ) = 0.76
(B) Incorrect. This response would result if only the first step was done using Euler’s
dy
method for the differential equation = f ( x, y ) = x + 2 y.
dx
x0 = 0; y0 = 2
x1 = −0.2;
y1 = y0 + f ( x0 , y0 ) Δx = 2 + ( 0 + 2 ( 2 ) ) ( −0.2 ) = 2 + ( 4 )( −0.2 ) = 1.2
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the step size was taken to be Δx = −0.1
rather than Δx = −0.2. As a result, this response was the approximation for
f ( −0.2 ) rather than for f ( −0.4 ) .
x0 = 0; y0 = 2
x1 = −0.1; y1 = y0 + f ( x0 , y0 ) Δx = 2 + ( 0 + 2 ( 2 ) ) ( −0.1) = 2 + ( 4 )( −0.1) = 1.6
x2 = −0.2;
y2 = y1 + f ( x1 , y1 ) Δx = 1.6 + ( −0.1 + 2 (1.6 ) ) ( −0.1) = 1.6 + ( 3.1)( −0.1) = 1.29
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the step size was taken to be Δx = 0.2
rather than Δx = −0.2. As a result, this response was the approximation for
f ( 0.4 ) rather than for f ( −0.4 ) .
x0 = 0; y0 = 2
x1 = 0.2; y1 = y0 + f ( x0 , y0 ) Δx = 2 + ( 0 + 2 ( 2 ) ) ( 0.2 ) = 2 + ( 4 )( 0.2 ) = 2.8
x2 = 0.4;
y2 = y1 + f ( x1 , y1 ) Δx = 2.8 + ( 0.2 + 2 ( 2.8 ) ) ( 0.2 ) = 2.8 + ( 5.8 )( 0.2 ) = 3.96
Question 14
Skill Learning Objective Topic

1.E FUN-3.D Implicit Differentiation

(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the equation obtained by
dy
implicit differentiation was solved incorrectly for , as follows.
dx
1 1 dy dy x
+ =0⇒ =−
2 x 2 y dx dx y
9 3
dy 4 = − 2 = −3
=−
dx
( )
9 1
,
4 4
1
4
1
2
dy
It would also be obtained if the expression for had been correctly
dx
found but the x - and y -values were reversed when substituting into
the first derivative, as follows.
1 1 dy dy y
+ =0⇒ =−
2 x 2 y dx dx x
9 3
dy 4 = − 2 = −3
=−
dx
( )
9 1
,
4 4
1
4
1
2
(B) dy
Correct. The slope of the tangent line is the value of at the point
dx

( )
9 1
, . During the implicit differentiation to find
4 4
dy
dx
, both the
power rule and the chain rule are needed.
1 1 dy
+ =0
2 x 2 y dx

The point ( 94 , 14 ) is on the curve, since x = 94 and y = 12 satisfy

the equation x + y = 2. At this point,
1 1 dy 1 dy dy 1
+ =0⇒ + =0⇒ =− .
2
3
2() () 2
1 dx
2
3 dx dx 3

(C) Incorrect. This response might come from observing the symmetry
of the expressions for x and y in the equation of the curve and
concluding that the derivative expressions will be symmetric, leading
to a slope of 1, without considering that the x - and y -coordinates
of the given point are not the same.
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the method of implicit
differentiation was incorrectly applied by taking the derivative of the
expression x + y without consideration of the chain rule and
dy
setting the result equal to , as follows.
dx
dy 1 1 dy 1 1 1 4
= + ⇒ = + = +1 =
dx 2 x 2 y
( )
dx 9 , 1
4 4 2
9
4
2
1
4
3 3
Question 15
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Evaluating

1.E LIM-6.A
Improper Integrals
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the integrand was just
evaluated at the lower limit, x = 1, rather than antidifferentiated, as
follows.

6 6 6 3
= = =
3 3 8 4
(x + 3) 2 x =1 42
(B) Incorrect. This response would result if in applying the power rule
for antiderivatives, the power of ( x + 3) was not divided by the new
exponent, as follows.
b
∞ b
⌠ 6 ⌠ 6 6
dx = lim dx = lim −
3 b →∞ 3 b →∞ 1
⌡1 ( x + 3) 2 ⌡1 ( x + 3) 2 ( x + 3) 2 1

6 6 6
= lim − + =0+ =3
b →∞ 1 1 2
(b + 3) 2 42
(C) Correct. This is an improper integral, since the region over which
the integrand is being integrated is unbounded. The
antidifferentiation is an application of the power rule.
b
∞ b
⌠ 6 ⌠ 6 12
dx = lim dx = lim −
3 b →∞ 3 b →∞ 1
⌡1 ( x + 3) 2 ⌡1 ( x + 3) 2 ( x + 3) 2 1

12 12 12
= lim − + =0+ =6
b →∞ 1 1 2
(b + 3) 2 42
(D) Incorrect. This response might come from assuming that the definite
integral of a function integrated over an unbounded region will
always diverge.
Question 16
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Finding General
1.E FUN-7.D Solutions Using
Separation of Variables
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if a chain rule error was made
during the antidifferentiation of the dy term.
dy dy
= 2− y⇒ = dx
dx 2− y
⌠ 1 dy = dx ⇒ ln 2 − y = x + C
⌡2− y ∫
ln 1 = 1 + C ⇒ C = −1
ln 2 − y = x − 1 ⇒ 2 − y = e x −1
Since 2 − y > 0 at the initial value y = 1, the solution would be
2 − y = e x −1 , or y = 2 − e x −1.
(B) Correct. The differential equation can be solved using separation of
variables and the initial condition to determine the appropriate value
for the arbitrary constant.
dy dy
= 2− y⇒ = dx
dx 2− y
⌠ 1 dy = dx ⇒ −ln 2 − y = x + C
⌡2− y ∫
−ln 1 = 1 + C ⇒ C = −1
−ln 2 − y = x − 1 ⇒ ln 2 − y = − x + 1 ⇒ 2 − y = e1− x
Since 2 − y > 0 at the initial value y = 1, the solution to the
differential equation is 2 − y = e1− x , or y = 2 − e1− x .
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if an arbitrary constant was not
included during the antidifferentiation.
dy dy
= 2− y⇒ = dx
dx 2− y
⌠ 1 dy = dx ⇒ −ln 2 − y = x ⇒ 2 − y = e− x
⌡2− y ∫
Since 2 − y > 0 at the initial value y = 1, the solution would be
2 − y = e − x , or y = 2 − e − x .
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if an arbitrary constant was not
included during the antidifferentiation and the incorrect sign was
taken for the absolute value when solving for y.
dy dy
= 2− y⇒ = dx
dx 2− y
⌠ 1 dy = dx ⇒ −ln 2 − y = x ⇒ 2 − y = e− x
⌡2− y ∫
2 − y = −e − x ⇒ y = 2 + e − x
Question 17
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Alternating

3.D LIM-7.A Series Test for
Convergence
(A) Incorrect. This series diverges by the nth term test since
1− n 1− n
lim ( −1)n = lim = 1 ≠ 0.
n →∞ n n →∞ n
(B) Incorrect. This series diverges by the nth term test since
n +1 n +1 1
lim ( −1)n = lim = ≠ 0.
n →∞ 2n n → ∞ 2n 2
(C) Incorrect. This series diverges by the nth term test since
n2 n
lim ( −1)n = lim does not exist.
n →∞ 3 n n →∞ 3

∞ ∞
( −1)n ( ) satisfies the
(D) 2 n 2
Correct. The series ∑ ( −1)n
n =1
n
= ∑
n =1 n
2
three conditions: (1) the series is alternating, (2) lim = 0, and
n →∞
n
2 2 2
(3) the terms an = are decreasing since < for all
n n +1 n
n ≥ 1. Therefore, the series converges by the alternating series test.
Question 18
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Finding the

Area of the
1.C CHA-5.D
Region Bounded by Two
Polar Curves
(A) Incorrect. This response comes from using a rectangular form for area
instead of a polar form for area, as if the curves were treated as
functions of y in terms of x. The region appears to lie above the
interval [ −2, 6] on the x -axis.
6 6
∫−2 ( y2 ( x ) − y1 ( x ) ) dx = ∫−2 ( g ( x ) − f ( x ) ) dx
(B) Incorrect. This response comes from using a rectangular form of the
area instead of a polar form for area, as if the curves were treated as
functions of y in terms of x, but expressing the limits in terms of the
polar angle θ .
π π
∫0 ( y2 ( x ) − y1 ( x ) ) dx = ∫0 ( g ( x ) − f ( x ) ) dx
(C) Incorrect. The square of the difference between the two polar curves
was integrated rather than the difference of the squares.
1 π π
∫ ( r2 (θ ) − r1 (θ ) )2 dθ = 1 ∫ ( g (θ ) − f (θ ) )2 dθ
2 0 2 0
(D) Correct. The area bounded by the two polar curves can be found with a
definite integral. Let r1 be the smaller radius, and let r2 be the larger
radius. The graphs of the two polar curves bound the region R over the
domain 0 ≤ θ ≤ π . Then the area of R is given by
1 π
( )
π π
( r (θ ) )2 dθ − 1 ∫ ( r1 (θ ) )2 dθ = 1 ∫ ( r2 (θ ) )2 − ( r1 (θ ) )2 dθ
2 ∫0 2 2 0 2 0
1 π
(
= ∫ ( g (θ ) )2 − ( f (θ ) )2 dθ .
2 0 )
Question 19
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Alternating

3.B LIM-7.A Series Test for
Convergence
(A) ∞
1
Incorrect. The series ∑
n =1
n
is the divergent harmonic series.

n 1
However, < , so this inequality goes the wrong way to use
n +1 n
2
∞
n
the comparison test to show that the series ∑ 2
n =1 n + 1
diverges. In

∞
addition, the divergence of the positive series ∑
n =1
an does not imply

∞
that the series ∑
n =1
an diverges.

(B) ∞
1
Incorrect. The series ∑
n =1
n
is the divergent harmonic series. Since

n
2 n2
lim n + 1 = lim 2 = 1, the limit comparison test shows
n →∞ 1 n →∞ n + 1
n
∞
n
that the series ∑ 2
n =1 n + 1
also diverges. However, it cannot be

∞
( −1)n n
concluded from that the alternating series ∑ 2
n =1 n + 1
diverges. The

∞
divergence of the positive series ∑
n =1
an does not imply that the

∞
series ∑
n =1
an diverges.

(C) ∞
1
Incorrect. The series ∑
n =1 n
2
is a convergent p -series with

1 n
p = 2 > 1. However, 2
< 2 for all n > 1, so this inequality
n n +1
goes the wrong way to use the comparison test to show that the series
∞ ∞
n ( −1)n n
∑ 2
n =1 n + 1
converges and that therefore ∑ 2
n =1 n + 1
is absolutely

convergent.
Question 19 (continued)

(D) ∞
( −1)n n
Correct. The series ∑ 2
n =1 n + 1
satisfies the three conditions: (1) the

n
series is alternating, (2) lim = 0, and (3) the terms
n →∞ n + 1
2

n
an = 2
are decreasing. Therefore, the series converges by the
n +1
alternating series test.
n
To verify that the terms an = 2 are decreasing, consider the
n +1
following.
n +1 n
an +1 < an ⇔ 2
< 2
( n + 1) + 1 n + 1
⇔ n3 + n 2 + n + 1 < n3 + 2n 2 + 2n
⇔ 1 < n2 + n
The last inequality is true for all n ≥ 1.
x
Alternatively, if f ( x ) = 2 , then an = f ( n ) and the function
x +1

f is decreasing because f ′( x ) =
( )
x2 + 1 − 2 x2
=
1 − x2
<0
( ) ( )
2 2
x2 + 1 x2 + 1
for x > 1.
Question 20
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Applying Properties of
1.C FUN-6.A
Definite Integrals
(A) Incorrect. The value of this integral can be determined using the
properties of the definite integral, as follows.
1 4
∫4 g ( x ) dx = −∫1 g ( x ) dx = − ( −2 ) = 2
(B) Incorrect. The value of this integral can be determined using the
properties of the definite integral, as follows.
4 4
∫1 3 f ( x ) dx = 3 ⋅ ∫1 f ( x ) dx = 3 ⋅ 8 = 24
(C) Correct. It is not true in general that
4 4 4
∫1 3 f ( x ) g ( x ) dx = ∫1 3 f ( x ) dx ⋅ ∫1 g ( x ) dx, so the individual
4 4
values of ∫ f ( x ) dx and ∫ g ( x ) dx cannot be used to determine
1 1
4 8
the value of ∫ 3 f ( x ) g ( x ) dx. For example, if f ( x ) = and
1 3
2 4 4
g ( x ) = − , then
3 ∫1 f ( x ) dx = 8, ∫1 g ( x ) dx = −2, and
4
4 16
∫1 3 f ( x ) g ( x ) dx = ⌠⌡1 − 3 dx = −16. However, if
16 4 4
f ( x) = ( x − 1) and g ( x ) = − ( x − 1) , then ∫ f ( x ) dx = 8
9 9 1
4
and ∫1 g ( x ) dx = −2 as before, but now
4
4
⌠ − 64 ( x − 1)2 dx = − 64 .
∫1 3 f ( x ) g ( x ) dx =
⌡1 27 3
(D) Incorrect. The value of this integral can be determined using the
properties of the definite integral, as follows.
4 4 4
∫1 ( 3 f ( x ) + g ( x ) ) dx = ∫1 3 f ( x ) dx + ∫1 g ( x ) dx
4 4
= 3 ⋅ ∫ f ( x ) dx + ∫ g ( x ) dx = 3 ⋅ 8 + ( −2 ) = 22
1 1
Question 21
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Radius and Interval of

3.D LIM-8.D
Convergence of Power Series
(A) Correct. The ratio test can be used to determine the interval of convergence.
an +1 ( x + 4 )n +1 n ⋅ 5n +1 n x+4 1
lim = lim ⋅ = lim ⋅ = x+4 <1
n → ∞ an n → ∞ ( n + 1) ⋅ 5 n + 2
( x + 4) n n →∞ n + 1 5 5
⇒ x + 4 < 5 ⇒ −9 < x < 1
Now check the endpoints of the interval.
∞ ∞
( −5 )n 1 1
At x = −9, the series is ∑
n =1 n ⋅ 5
n +1
= ∑ ( −1)n , which converges since it is a
5 n =1 n
multiple of the alternating harmonic series.
∞ ∞
5n 1 1
At x = 1, the series is ∑
n =1 n ⋅ 5 n +1
= ∑ , which diverges since it is a multiple of
5 n =1
n
the harmonic series.
Therefore, the interval of convergence is −9 ≤ x < 1.
(B) Incorrect. The ratio test might have been used to correctly determine that the radius
of convergence R is 5, but the interval was taken to be centered at 0.
an +1 1 n ⋅ 5n +1 n 1 1
lim = lim ⋅ = lim ⋅ = ⇒R=5
n → ∞ an n → ∞ ( n + 1) ⋅ 5n + 2 1 n →∞ n + 1 5 5
∞
( −1)n
At x = −5, the series is ∑
n =1 n ⋅ 5
n +1
, which converges by the alternating series test.

∞
9n
At x = 5, the series is ∑
n =1 n ⋅ 5
n +1
, which diverges by the nth term test.

(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the ratio test was not used to determine the
radius of convergence. Looking at the form of the general term, the center was
thought to be at x = 5 and the radius of convergence was taken to be 4. It was
assumed that the series must converge at one endpoint and diverge at the other.
(D) Incorrect. Errors in applying the ratio test might have led to the conclusion that the
radius of convergence was infinite.
Question 22
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Defining Polar

1.E FUN-3.G Coordinates and
Differentiating in Polar Form
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the slope was taken to be
dx
dy
= θ .
d
dx dy
dθ
dx 3π
x = r cos θ = 3θ cos θ ⇒ = 3 cos θ − 3θ sin θ θ = π = −
dθ θ = π 2 2
2
dy
y = r sin θ = 3θ sin θ ⇒ = 3sin θ + 3θ cos θ θ = π = 3
dθ θ=
π 2
2
dx 3π
−
dy
= dθ = 2 = −π
dx θ = π dy 3 2
2 π
dθ θ=
2
(B) dy
dy
Correct. The slope of the polar curve is = θ .
d
dx dx
dθ
dx 3π
x = r cos θ = 3θ cos θ ⇒ = 3 cos θ − 3θ sin θ θ = π = −
dθ θ = π 2 2
2
dy
y = r sin θ = 3θ sin θ ⇒ = 3sin θ + 3θ cos θ θ = π = 3
dθ θ=
π 2
2
dy
dy
= dθ
3 2
= =−
dx θ = π dx 3π π
−
2
dθ θ=
π 2
2
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the product rule was applied
incorrectly by taking the product of the derivatives.
dx dx
x = r cos θ = 3θ cos θ ⇒ = −3sin θ ⇒ = −3sin θ θ = π = −3
dθ dθ θ = π 2
2
dy dy
y = r sin θ = 3θ sin θ ⇒ = 3cos θ ⇒ = 3cos θ θ = π = 0
dθ dθ θ=
π 2
2
dy
dy
= θ
d 0
= =0
dx θ = π dx −3
2
dθ θ=
π
2
(D) dr
Incorrect. This response would result if the slope was taken to be
dθ
dy
rather than .
dx
dr
= 3θ =π = 3
dθ θ=
π
2
2
Question 23
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Approximating Areas
1.F LIM-5.A
with Riemann Sums
(A) Incorrect. It was correctly determined that the left Riemann sum is
an underestimate and the right Riemann sum is an overestimate of
the definite integral because the function f ( x ) = x is increasing
on the interval [ 0, 4]. Because the graph of f is concave down,
however, the trapezoidal sum is an underestimate, not an
overestimate.
(B) Correct. Because the function f ( x ) = x is increasing on the
interval [ 0, 4] , the left Riemann sum is an underestimate and the
right Riemann sum is an overestimate of the definite integral,
4
so L < ∫0 x dx < R. Since the graph of f is concave down,
the trapezoidal sum is also an underestimate, but it is a closer
approximation to the definite integral than the left Riemann sum.
4
Therefore, L < T < ∫0 x dx < R.

(C) Incorrect. This would be the correct response for the graph of a
function that is decreasing and concave up. The graph of
f ( x ) = x , however, is increasing and concave down, so all the
inequalities are going in the wrong direction.
(D) Incorrect. It was correctly determined that the trapezoidal sum is an
underestimate of the definite integral since the graph of f ( x ) = x
is concave down on the interval [ 0, 4]. Because the function f is
increasing, however, the left Riemann sum is an underestimate and
the right Riemann sum is an overestimate of the definite integral.
This response has reversed those two inequalities.
Question 24
Skill Learning Objective Topic

The Fundamental
3.D FUN-6.B Theorem of Calculus
and Definite Integrals
(A) Correct. By the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus,
12
∫0 f ′( x ) dx = f (12 ) − f ( 0 ) = ( − 4 ) − 4 = −8, where the values of
f at x = 0 and x = 12 are obtained from the graph.
(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the function f was
integrated over the interval [ 0, 12] rather than f ′, as follows.
12 1 1 1
∫0 f ( x ) dx = 2 ( 4 )( 4 ) − 2 ( 4 )( 3) − 2 ( 4 )( 4 ) = −6
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the Fundamental Theorem of
Calculus was incorrectly applied, as follows.
12
∫0 f ′( x ) dx = f ′(12 ) − f ′( 0 ) = ( −1) − ( −1) = 0

(D) Incorrect. This response is the total area bounded by the graph of f
and the x -axis over the interval [ 0, 12].
12 1 1 1
∫0 f ( x ) dx = 2 ( 4 )( 4 ) + 2 ( 4 )( 3) + 2 ( 4 )( 4 ) = 8 + 6 + 8 = 22
Question 25
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Using Integration by

1.E FUN-6.E
Parts
(A) Correct. This definite integral can be found using integration by parts, where

∫ udv = uv − ∫ v du.
u = x ⇒ du = dx dv = f ′( x ) dx ⇒ v = f ( x )
2 2 2
∫0 x ⋅ f ′( x ) dx = x f ( x ) 0 − ∫0 f ( x ) dx = 2 f ( 2 ) − 7 = 10 − 7 = 3

(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the technique of integration by parts was
applied incorrectly as follows.
u = x ⇒ du = dx dv = f ′( x ) dx ⇒ v = f ( x )
2 2 2
∫0 x ⋅ f ′( x ) dx = x f ( x ) 0 − f ( x ) 0 = ( 2 f ( 2 ) − 0 ) − ( f ( 2 ) − f ( 0 ) ) = 10 − 4 = 6

(C) Incorrect. This response would result if each factor in the integrand was
antidifferentiated separately, as follows.
2 1 2
( ) 2
∫0 x ⋅ f ′( x ) dx = 2 x f ( x ) 0 = 2 f ( 2 ) − 0 = 10
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if an error was made in the integration by
parts when addition was used instead of subtraction, resulting in

∫ udv = uv + ∫ v du.
u = x ⇒ du = dx dv = f ′ ( x ) dx ⇒ v = f ( x )
2 2 2
∫0 x ⋅ f ′( x ) dx = x f ( x ) 0 + ∫0 f ( x ) dx = 2 f ( 2 ) + 7 = 10 + 7 = 17
Question 26
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY)
Determining Absolute
3.D LIM-7.A
or Conditional
Convergence
(A) Incorrect. Series I is absolutely convergent, not conditionally
∞
1
convergent, since ∑
n =1
n!
converges by the ratio test.

(B) Incorrect. Series II was correctly identified as being conditionally

convergent. Series III is also conditionally convergent, since
∞ ∞
( −1)n 1
∑
n =1
n+2
converges by the alternating series test but ∑
n =1
n+2
∞
1
diverges by the limit comparison test with the harmonic series ∑
n =1
n
.

(C) Correct. A series ∑ an is conditionally convergent if the series

converges but the series of absolute terms ∑ an diverges. Each of
the three series in this problem converges by the alternating series
test.
∞ ∞
( −1)n 1
The series ∑
n =1
n!
is not conditionally convergent, since ∑
n =1
n!
converges by the ratio test (so this series is absolutely convergent).
∞
( −1)n
The series ∑
n =1 n
is conditionally convergent because the series

∞
1 1
∑
n =1 n
diverges, since it is a p -series with p = < 1.
2
∞
( −1)n
The series ∑
n =1
n+2
is conditionally convergent because the series

∞
1
∑
n =1
n+2
diverges by the limit comparison test with the harmonic

∞
1
series ∑
n =1
n
.

(D) Incorrect. This response might be chosen because all three series
converge by the alternating series test. To determine whether they
are conditionally convergent, however, it is also necessary to
consider the series of absolute terms ∑ an . Series I is absolutely
∞
1
convergent, not conditionally convergent, since ∑
n =1
n!
converges by

the ratio test.

Question 27
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Volume with Washer

1.C CHA-5.C Method - Revolving
Around - o -axis
(A) Incorrect. This response is the volume of the solid generated by
revolving R about the x -axis rather than the y -axis. A typical slice
rotated about the x -axis would form a disk of radius
r = y = x − 1 with cross-sectional area A( x ) = π r 2 = π ( x − 1) .
10
The volume of the solid would be ∫0 π ( x − 1) dx.
(B) Incorrect. This response is the volume obtained by rotating about the
x -axis the region bounded by the graph of y = x − 1, the
horizontal line y = 10, and the vertical lines x = 1 and x = 10.
A typical slice rotated about the x -axis would form a washer with
cross-sectional area A( x ) = π r2 2 − π r12 , where the inner radius is
r1 = x − 1 and the outer radius is r2 = 10.
(C) Incorrect. For this response, the cross-sectional area of the washer
obtained by rotating a typical slice about the y -axis was taken to be
π ( r2 − r1 )2 rather than π r2 2 − π r12 , where the inner radius is
r1 = y 2 + 1 and the outer radius is r2 = 10.
(D) Correct. Rotating a typical slice about the y -axis will form a washer
with inner radius r1 and outer radius r2 , where each radius must be
expressed in terms of y. Since y = x − 1, the inner radius is
r1 = x = y 2 + 1. Since the region is bounded on the right by the
vertical line x = 10, the outer radius is r2 = 10. The cross-sectional
area of a typical slice rotated about the y -axis is therefore

( (
A( y ) = π r2 2 − π r12 = π 102 − y 2 + 1 )
2
). The volume of the solid
is found by using the definite integral of the cross-sectional area for
y between 0 and 10 − 1 = 3, as follows.

( ) ( )
3 3
⌠ π 102 − ( y 2 + 1)2 dy = π ⌠ 100 − ( y 2 + 1)2 dy
⌡0 ⌡0
Question 28
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Second

1.E CHA-3.G Derivatives of
Parametric Equations
(A) Incorrect. This response is the value of
d2y d2y
dt 2
=
d dy
dt dt
=
d
dt ( ( ))
sin t 2
, not the value of
dx 2
=
d dy
dx dx
.

dy
The chain rule must be used to find and then used again to find
dx
d2y
.
dx 2
(B)
Incorrect. The chain rule was correctly used to find
dy sin t
=
2
( )
.
dx 5
d dy
This response is just , however. Another application
dt dx
d2y d dy
of the chain rule would be needed to find by dividing
dx 2 dt dx
dx
by .
dt
(C) dy
Correct. By the chain rule,
dy
= dt =
sin t 2 ( )
. The chain rule is
dx dx 5
dt
needed again to find the second derivative, as follows.
d dy ( )
2tcos t 2
d2y
=
d dy
=
dt dx
= 5 =
( )
2tcos t 2
dx 2 dx dx dx 5 25
dt
(D) d2y
d2y dt 2 .
Incorrect. This response comes from thinking that =
dx 2 d 2x
dt 2
d 2x
Since 2 = 0, the quotient would be undefined.
dt
Question 29
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Riemann Sums, Summation

2.C LIM-5.C Notation, and Definite
Integral Notation
(A) Incorrect. The sum inside the limit can be interpreted as a right Riemann
n n
1 1 1
sum in the form ∑ k n
= ∑ f ( 2 + kΔx ) Δx, where f ( x) =
x
k =1 2+ k =1
n
1
and Δx = . The value of Δx corresponds to an interval of length 1.
n
1
Since kΔx = 2 + for the initial value k = 1, the interval starts at 2.
n
Therefore, the limit of the Riemann sum would be equal to
3 2
3
⌠ 1 dx, not ⌠ 1 dx.
∫2 f ( x ) dx =
⌡2 x ⌡1 x
(B) Correct. The sum inside the limit can be interpreted as a right Riemann
n n
1 1 1
sum in the form ∑ k n
= ∑ f ( kΔx ) Δx, where f ( x) =
2+x
k =1 2+ k =1
n
1
and Δx = . The value of Δx corresponds to an interval of length 1.
n
1
Since kΔx = for the initial value k = 1, the interval starts at 0.
n
Therefore, the limit of the Riemann sum is equal to the definite integral
1
1 1
∫0 f ( x ) dx = ⌠ dx.
⌡0 2 + x
(C) Incorrect. The sum inside the limit can be interpreted as a right Riemann
n n
1 1 1
sum in the form ∑ k n
= ∑ f ( kΔx ) Δx, where f ( x) =
2+x
k =1 2+ k =1
n
1
and Δx = . The value of Δx corresponds to an interval of length 1.
n
1
Since kΔx = for the initial value k = 1, the interval starts at 0 and
n
therefore the limits on the definite integral should go from 0 to 1, not 0
to 2.
(D) Incorrect. The sum inside the limit was correctly interpreted as a right
Riemann sum on an interval of length 1 starting at x = 2. With that
choice of interval, however, the Riemann sum would be written as
n n
1 1 1
∑ k n
= ∑ f ( 2 + kΔx ) Δx, where f ( x) =
x
. The right Riemann
k =1 2+ k =1
n
1
sum using f ( x ) = would correspond to an interval starting at
2+x
x = 0, not x = 2.
Question 30
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Finding Taylor

2.B LIM-8.A Polynomial Approximations
of Functions
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the chain rule was never used in
finding the first and second derivatives of g leading to g ′( x ) = e f ( x ) and
g ′′( x ) = e f ( x ) . As a result, the coefficient of x 2 in the Maclaurin series
1 1 1
for g was computed as g ′′( 0 ) = e f ( 0 ) = e2 .
2! 2 2
(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the coefficient of x 2 in the
Maclaurin series for g was taken to be g ′′( 0 ) without dividing by 2!. In
addition, the chain rule was never used in finding the first and second
derivatives of g , leading to g ′′( 0 ) = e f ( 0 ) = e 2 .
(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the chain rule was correctly used
in finding g ′( x ) but was not used again when the product rule was used
during the computation of the second derivative, as follows.
g ′( x ) = f ′( x ) e f ( x )
g ′′( x ) = f ′′( x ) e f ( x ) + f ′( x ) e f ( x )
g ′′( 0 ) = f ′′( 0 ) e f ( 0 ) + f ′( 0 ) e f ( 0 ) = 2e 2 + 3e 2 = 5e 2
The coefficient of x 2 in the Maclaurin series for g was found to be
1 ′′ 5
g ( 0 ) = e2 .
2! 2
(D) 1
Correct. The coefficient of x 2 in the Maclaurin series for g is g ′′( 0 ) .
2!
Since g ( x ) = e f ( x ) , the chain rule gives g ′( x ) = f ′( x ) e f ( x ) . Using the
product rule and the chain rule again gives
( ) ( )
g ′′( x ) = f ′′( x ) e f ( x ) + f ′( x ) f ′( x ) e f ( x ) = f ′′( x ) + ( f ′( x ) )2 e f ( x ) .
The values of f ( 0 ) , f ′( 0 ) , and f ′′( 0 ) can be determined from the
Maclaurin series for f .
f ( 0 ) = constant term = 2
f ′( 0 ) = coefficient of x = 3
( )
f ′′( 0 ) = 2 ⋅ coefficient of x 2 = 2 ⋅ 1 = 2

( )
Therefore, g ′′( 0 ) = f ′′( 0 ) + ( f ′( 0 ) )2 e f ( 0 ) = ( 2 + 9 ) e 2 = 11e 2 and so

the coefficient of x 2 in the Maclaurin series for g is

1
2!
( )
11
11e 2 = e 2 .
2
Question 76
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Determining Intervals
on Which a Function Is
2.E FUN-4.A
Increasing or
Decreasing
(A) Incorrect. The graph of f is concave up where f ′ is increasing.
This response might come from switching the roles of the function
and its derivative and thinking that f is increasing where the graph
of f ′ is concave up. The graph of f ′ is concave up on the intervals
( 0, 1) and ( 2, 4 ) .
(B) Incorrect. This response might come from treating the given graph
as the graph of f rather than the graph of f ′. These are the two
intervals where f ′ is increasing.
(C) Incorrect. These are the intervals where both f and f ′ are
increasing.
(D) Correct. The function f is increasing on closed intervals where f ′
is positive on the corresponding open intervals. The graph indicates
that f ′( x ) > 0 on the intervals ( 0, 2 ) and ( 4, 5 ) , so f is
increasing on the intervals [ 0, 2] and [ 4, 5].
Question 77
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Using Accumulation
Functions and Definite
1.E CHA-4.D
Integrals in Applied
Contexts
(A) dy
Incorrect. This response is how much changes from t = 1 to
dt
t = 6; that is, y ′( 6 ) − y ′(1) = 3.870. The amount by which y
changes from t = 1 to t = 6 is y ( 6 ) − y (1) , which can be computed
by using the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
(B) Incorrect. This response is the approximation to the change in y
along the line tangent to the graph of y at t = 1. It can also be
interpreted as the approximation to the integral
6
∫1 y′( t ) dt = y( 6 ) − y(1) by using a left Riemann sum with one
interval of length Δt = 5.
Δy ≈ y ′(1) Δt = y ′(1) ⋅ 5 = 8.341
(C) Incorrect. This response is the approximation to the integral
6
∫1 y′ ( t ) dt = y( 6 ) − y(1) by using the trapezoidal sum
approximation over one interval of length Δt = 5.
y ′(1) + y ′( 6 ) y ′(1) + y ′( 6 )
⋅ Δt = ⋅ 5 = 18.017
2 2
(D) Correct. The change in y from t = 1 to t = 6 is y ( 6 ) − y (1) . By
the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus,
6 6 2
y ( 6 ) − y (1) = ∫1 y ′( t ) dt = ∫1 6e −0.08( t − 5) dt = 22.583, where the
numerical integration is done with the calculator.
Question 78
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Connecting Infinite
2.D LIM-2.D Limits and Vertical
Asymptotes
(A) Incorrect. This graph displays the appropriate behavior as it
approaches the horizontal asymptote at y = 2, but in this graph
lim f ( x ) = −∞ and lim f ( x ) = +∞, which is the opposite
x →1− x →1+
behavior for what the graph of f should be doing as it approaches
the vertical asymptote at x = 1.
(B) Incorrect. This graph displays the appropriate behavior as it
approaches the vertical asymptote at x = 1, but it has y = − 2
as a horizontal asymptote rather than y = 2.
(C) Correct. Since lim f ( x ) = +∞ and lim f ( x ) = −∞, the graph of
x →1− x →1+
f approaches the vertical asymptote at x = 1 in the upward
direction as x approaches 1 from the left and approaches the
vertical asymptote in the downward direction as x approaches 1
from the right. Since lim f ( x ) = 2 and lim f ( x ) = 2,
x →− ∞ x →+ ∞
the graph of f approaches the horizontal asymptote at y = 2
in both horizontal directions. This graph exhibits these properties
and therefore could be the graph of f .
(D) Incorrect. This graph has a vertical asymptote at x = 2 and
a horizontal asymptote at y = 1 rather than a vertical asymptote at
x = 1 and a horizontal asymptote at y = 2.
Question 79
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Finding the Average

3.F CHA-4.B Value of a Function on
an Interval
(A) Incorrect. The definite integral was not divided by the length of the
interval [30, 60] over which the averaging is done.
(B) Correct. The average value of a function f over an interval [ a, b ] is
1 b
b−a a ∫ f ( x ) dx. Tara’s average heart rate from t = 30 to t = 60 is
the average value of the function h over the interval [30, 60] and
1 60
60 − 30 ∫30
would therefore be given by the expression h( t ) dt.

(C) Incorrect. This response is the average rate of change of Tara’s heart
rate from t = 30 to t = 60, not the average of her heart rate over
that interval. By the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, this
h( 60 ) − h( 30 )
expression is equal to .
60 − 30
(D) Incorrect. This response is the average of the rate of change of Tara’s
heart rate at the two times t = 30 and t = 60, not the average of her
heart rate over the interval from t = 30 to t = 60.
Question 80
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Finding Taylor

1.E LIM-8.B Polynomial Approximations
of Functions
(A) Incorrect. This response comes from only using three terms of the Taylor
polynomial rather than the Taylor polynomial of degree 3.

( 6
−1 + 4 ( x − 2 ) + ( x − 2 )2
2 )
x = 2.1
= −0.570

(B) Correct. The third-degree Taylor polynomial for f about x = 2 is the

following.
1 ′′ 1
P3 ( x ) = f ( 2 ) + f ′( 2 )( x − 2 ) + f ( 2 )( x − 2 )2 + f ′′′( 2 )( x − 2 )3
2! 3!
6 2 12 3
= −1 + 4 ( x − 2 ) + ( x − 2 ) + ( x − 2 )
2 6
= −1 + 4 ( x − 2 ) + 3 ( x − 2 ) + 2 ( x − 2 )3
2

f ( 2.1) ≈ P3 ( 2.1) = −1 + 4 ( 0.1) + 3 ( 0.1)2 + 2 ( 0.1)3 = −0.568

(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the coefficient of the degree n
f ( n )( 2 ) f ( n )( 2 )
term was taken to be rather than .
n n!

( 6 12
−1 + 4 ( x − 2 ) + ( x − 2 )2 + ( x − 2 )3
2 3 ) x = 2.1
= −0.566

(D) Incorrect. The coefficient of the degree n term was taken to be f ( n )( 2 )

f ( n )( 2 )
rather than .
n!
( −1 + 4 ( x − 2) + 6 ( x − 2)2 + 12 ( x − 2)3 ) x = 2.1 = −0.528
Question 81
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) The Arc Length of a

1.E CHA-6.A Smooth, Planar Curve and
Distance Traveled
(A) Incorrect. This response comes from not taking the square root in the
integrand of the definite integral for the length of a curve, as follows.
1.5

∫0 (1 + ( f ′( x ) ) ) dx = ⌠⌡0 ( ) ∫0 ( x + 2 ) dx = 4.266
1.5 2 2 1.5
1+ x3 + 1 dx = 3

(B) Correct. The length of the graph of y = f ( x ) from x = 0 to x = 1.5 is

given by the definite integral

( )
1.5 1.5 2 1.5
∫0 1 + ( f ′( x ) )2 dx = ⌠ 1+ x3 + 1 dx = ∫0 x3 + 2 dx = 2.497,
⌡0
where the numerical integration is done with the calculator.
(C) Incorrect. This response comes from not squaring the derivative in the
integrand of the definite integral for the length of a curve, as follows.

( )
1.5 1.5
∫0 1 + f ′( x ) dx = ∫0 1+ x3 + 1 dx = 2.278

(D) Incorrect. This response is the change in y from x = 0 to x = 1.5.

1.5 1.5
f (1.5 ) − f ( 0 ) = ∫0 f ′( x ) dx = ∫0 x3 + 1 dx = 1.976
Question 82
Skill Learning Objective Topic

2.D FUN-7.C Sketching Slope Fields

(A) Correct. In the slope field for a differential equation of the form
dy
= h( x ) , the slope at a point ( x, y ) depends only on the value of
dx
x. The line segments in the slope field at each point on a vertical line
perpendicular to the x -axis should therefore all have the same slope.
The line segments in this slope field show that behavior and
therefore this could be a slope field for a differential equation of the
dy
form = h( x ) .
dx
(B) Incorrect. In the slope field for a differential equation of the form
dy
= h( x ) , the slope at a point ( x, y ) depends only on the value of
dx
x. The line segments in the slope field at each point on a vertical line
perpendicular to the x -axis should therefore all have the same slope.
The line segments in this slope field do not exhibit that behavior. The
slopes of the line segments depend on both the x - and the y -values.
(C) Incorrect. In the slope field for a differential equation of the form
dy
= h( x ) , the slope at a point ( x, y ) depends only on the value of
dx
x. The line segments in the slope field at each point on a vertical line
perpendicular to the x -axis should therefore all have the same slope.
The line segments in this slope field do not exhibit that behavior. The
slope of the line segment at a point depends only on the value of y.
This could be a slope field for a differential equation of the form
dy
= g ( y ).
dx
(D) Incorrect. In the slope field for a differential equation of the form
dy
= h( x ) , the slope at a point ( x, y ) depends only on the value of
dx
x. The line segments in the slope field at each point on a vertical line
perpendicular to the x -axis should therefore all have the same slope.
The line segments in this slope field do not exhibit that behavior. The
slopes of the line segments depend on both the x - and the y -values.
Question 83
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Removing
3.D LIM-2.C
Discontinuities
(A) Correct. The limit at x = 3 exists if the left-hand and right-hand
limits are equal.
16
lim f ( x ) = lim f ( x ) ⇒ k 3 + 3 = 2
x →3−
x →3+
k −3
The solution to this equation for k > 0 is k = 2.081. With this
value of k , lim f ( x ) exists and is equal to f ( 3) . Therefore, f is
x →3
continuous at x = 3.
(B) Incorrect. This response comes from trying to make the left-hand
and right-hand limits of the derivative equal at x = 3, as follows.
1 for x < 3
f ′( x ) = 16
for x > 3
( )
2 2
k −x
16
lim f ′( x ) = lim f ′( x ) ⇒ 1 =
(k )
− + 2 2
x →3 x →3 −3
The solution to this equation for k > 0 is k = 2.646.
(C) Incorrect. In trying to set the left-hand and right-hand limits of f
equal at x = 3, the 3 might have been substituted for the parameter
k rather than the variable x, as follows.
16
27 + x =
9−x
The positive solution to this equation is x = 8.550.
(D) Incorrect. This response might come from errors that lead to an
equation that has no positive solution. For example, it might come
from trying to make the left-hand and right-hand limits of the
derivative equal at x = 3 but also making a chain rule error in the
derivative of the piece for x > 3, as follows.
1 for x < 3
f ′( x ) = −16
for x > 3
( )
2 2
k −x
−16
lim f ′( x ) = lim f ′( x ) ⇒ 1 =
(k )
− + 2 2
x →3 x →3 −3
This equation has no solution for k .
Question 84
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Defining the Derivative

2.D CHA-2.C of a Function and Using
Derivative Notation
(A) Incorrect. The slope of the line tangent to the graph of f at x = 0 is
f ′( 0 ) . Therefore, f ′( 0 ) is negative. Since the tangent line goes
through the point ( 0, f ( 0 ) ) , f ( 0 ) is also negative. Therefore, it
cannot be true that f ′( 0 ) = − f ( 0 ) since both are negative.
(B) Incorrect. The slope of the line tangent to the graph of f at x = 0 is
f ′( 0 ) , and the tangent line goes through the point ( 0, f ( 0 ) ) .
Therefore, f ′( 0 ) = −2 and f ( 0 ) = −2, so it is not true that
f ′( 0 ) < f ( 0 ) .
(C) Correct. The slope of the line tangent to the graph of f at x = 0 is
f ′( 0 ) , and the tangent line goes through the point ( 0, f ( 0 ) ) .
Therefore, f ′( 0 ) = −2 and f ( 0 ) = −2, so f ′( 0 ) = f ( 0 ) .
(D) Incorrect. The slope of the line tangent to the graph of f at x = 0 is
f ′( 0 ) , and the tangent line goes through the point ( 0, f ( 0 ) ) .
Therefore, f ′( 0 ) = −2 and f ( 0 ) = −2, so it is not true that
f ′( 0 ) > f ( 0 ) .

Question 85
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Connecting Position,
Velocity, and
1.E CHA-4.C
Acceleration Functions
Using Integrals
(A) Incorrect. This response is the referee’s displacement over the time
interval 2 ≤ t ≤ 6 rather than the total distance the referee traveled.
6 6
∫2 v( t ) dt = ∫2 4 ( t − 6 ) cos ( 2t + 5) dt = 3.933
(B) Incorrect. This response is the absolute value of the referee’s change
in velocity from time t = 2 to time t = 6.
v( 6 ) − v( 2 ) = 14.578
(C) Correct. The referee’s total distance traveled on the time interval
6 6
2 ≤ t ≤ 6 is ∫2 v( t ) dt = ∫2 4 ( t − 6 ) cos ( 2t + 5 ) dt = 21.667,
where the numerical integration is done with the calculator.
(D) Incorrect. This response comes from averaging the referee’s initial
and final velocities on the time interval 2 ≤ t ≤ 6, then multiplying
by the length of the time interval.
v( 2 ) + v( 6 ) v( 2 ) + v( 6 )
⋅ Δt = ⋅ 4 = 29.156
2 2
Question 86
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Interpreting the Behavior of

2.B FUN-5.A Accumulation Functions Involving
Area
(A) Correct. Because h is continuous, the Extreme Value Theorem guarantees the
existence of an absolute maximum on the closed interval [ −4, 3] and that the
maximum will occur at a critical value or at one of the endpoints. Since h is an
antiderivative of f , h′( x ) = f ( x ) = 0 at x = −2 and x = 0. Therefore, the
candidates are x = − 4, x = −2, x = 0, and x = 3. Evaluate h at each
candidate and select the largest.
−4
0
0 1
( 1
)
h( − 4 ) = ∫ f ( t ) dt = − ∫ f ( t ) dt = − − ( 2 )( 2 ) + ( 2 )(1) = − ( −2 + 1) = 1
−4 2 2
−2
0
0 1
(
h( −2 ) = ∫ f ( t ) dt = − ∫ f ( t ) dt = − ( 2 )(1) = −1
−2 2 )
0
h( 0 ) = ∫0 f ( t ) dt = 0
∫0 f ( t ) dt = − ( 2 ( 2 )( 2 ) + 2 ( 2 + 1) ) = − ( 2 + 1.5) = −3.5
3 1 1
h( 3 ) =
The maximum occurs at x = − 4.
(B) Incorrect. Both critical values might have been found, and the relative minimum
was picked while not accounting for the endpoints.
(C) Incorrect. Both critical values might have been found, and the relative maximum
was picked while not accounting for the endpoints.
(D) Incorrect. The four candidates might have been identified, but the computation
of h( 3) found the area of the region from x = 0 to x = 3 and did not account
for the region being below the horizontal axis, as follows.
3
h( 3) = ∫ f ( t ) dt =
0
1
2 ( 1
)
( 2 )( 2 ) + ( 2 + 1) = ( 2 + 1.5 ) = 3.5
2
Question 87
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Solving

Motion Problems Using
1.E FUN-8.B
Parametric and Vector-
Valued Functions
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the problem was treated like
rectilinear motion. The velocity of the particle was taken to be the
dy
value of the derivative at time t = 1.2.
dx
dy
dy 4cos ( 4t ) 4cos ( 4.8 )
= dt = = = −1.162
dx t =1.2 dx −e −t t =1.2 −e −1.2
dt t =1.2
Then the speed was taken to be the absolute value of velocity.
(B) Incorrect. This response is the magnitude of the position vector at
time t = 1.2, not the magnitude of the velocity vector at that time.

( e−1.2 )
2
( x( t ) )2 + ( y ( t ) )2 = + ( sin ( 4 ⋅ 1.2 ) )2 = 1.041
t =1.2
(C) Correct. The speed of the particle at time t is the magnitude of the
velocity vector x′( t ) , y ′( t ) = −e−t , 4cos ( 4t ) at time t.

( −e−1.2 )
2
( x′( t ) )2 + ( y′( t ) )2 = + ( 4cos ( 4 ⋅ 1.2 ) )2 = 0.462
t =1.2
(D) Incorrect. This response would result if the components of the vector
x′( t ) , y ′( t ) = −e−t , 4cos ( 4t ) were not squared when finding the
magnitude of the vector at t = 1.2.
x′( t ) + y ′( t ) t =1.2 = ( −e−1.2 ) + ( 4cos ( 4 ⋅ 1.2 ) ) = 0.221
Question 88
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Interpreting the
1.E CHA-3.A Meaning of the
Derivative in Context
(A) Incorrect. This response might be chosen if the calculation of the
average rate of change resulted in a value that was greater than 0 or
less than −0.5. It would also be chosen if the average rate of change
was correctly found to be −0.39206, but the instantaneous rate of
change was taken to be the second derivative of f , not the first
derivative. In either case, the resulting equation would have no
solution in the interval [ 0, 1.565].
(B) Incorrect. This response would be chosen if the average rate of
change was correctly found to be −0.39206, but the graph of f , not
f ′, was drawn to determine the number of intersection points with
the horizontal line y = −0.39206. It would also be chosen if the
instantaneous rate of change was correctly identified as the derivative
of f , but the average rate of change over the interval [ 0, 1.565] was
thought to be the average at the endpoints,
f ( 0 ) + f (1.565 )
= −0.30678, or the average value of the function
2
1 1.565
over the interval, ∫
1.565 0
f ( x ) dx = −0.32195. In all these cases,
the resulting equation would have only one solution in the interval
[0, 1.565].
(C) Correct. The average rate of change of f on the closed interval
f (1.565 ) − f ( 0 )
[0, 1.565] is = −0.39206. The instantaneous rate
1.565 − 0
1
of change of f is the derivative, f ′( x ) = x3 − 2 x 2 + x − . The
2
graph of f ′, produced using the calculator, intersects the horizontal
line y = −0.39206 three times in the open interval ( 0, 1.565 ) .
(D) Incorrect. This response might be chosen because the function f is
a polynomial of degree 4.
Question 89
Skill Learning Objective Topic

(BC ONLY) Logistic

3.F FUN-7.H Models with Differential
Equations
(A) Incorrect. This differential equation is for a rate of change that is
equal to the difference between the carrying capacity and a term that
is proportional to the size of the population. There is no joint
proportionality with the size of the population and the difference
between the size of the population and the carrying capacity.
(B) Incorrect. This differential equation would be for a model where the
population grows at a rate that is only proportional to the difference
between the carrying capacity and the size of the population. There is
no joint proportionality with the size of the population.
(C) Incorrect. This differential equation would be for a model where the
population grows at a rate that is jointly proportional to the
reciprocal of the size of the population, not the population itself, and
the difference between the carrying capacity and the size of the
population.
(D) Correct. The model for logistic growth that arises from the
statement “The rate of change of a quantity is jointly proportional to
the size of the quantity and the difference between the quantity and
dy
the carrying capacity” is = ky ( a − y ) , where y represents the
dt
quantity that is changing and a is the carrying capacity. Here the
population P is changing according to the logistic growth model
with carrying capacity 2400. Therefore, the differential equation for
dP
the model would be = kP ( 2400 − P ) .
dt
Question 90
Skill Learning Objective Topic

Solving Related Rates

1.E CHA-3.E
Problems
(A) Incorrect. This response would result if the area of the region was
taken to be A = π ( R − r )2 instead of π R 2 − π r 2 . In addition, an
error was made in the power rule when doing the differentiation, as
follows.
dA
dt
= π (R − r) (dR dr
dt
−
dt )
= π ( 4 − 3) ( 2 − ( −1) ) = 3π

(B) Incorrect. This response would result if the area of the region was
taken to be A = π ( R − r )2 instead of π R 2 − π r 2 . It is given that
dR dr
= 2 and = −1 (since the inner radius r is decreasing). At
dt dt
the instant when R = 4 and r = 3, this gave
dA
dt
= 2π ( R − r ) (
dR dr
dt
−
dt )
= 2π ( 4 − 3) ( 2 − ( −1) ) = 6π .

(C) Incorrect. This response would result if the area of the region was
correctly taken as A = π R 2 − π r 2 . Using the chain rule gave the rate
of change of the area with respect to time t as
dA dR dr dR dr
= 2π R − 2π r . It is given that = 2, but was taken
dt dt dt dt dt
to be 1 rather than −1 by not taking into account that the inner
radius r is decreasing. At the instant when R = 4 and r = 3, this
dA dR dr
gave = 2π ( 4 ) − 2π ( 3) = 2π ( 4 ( 2 ) − 3 (1) ) = 10π .
dt dt dt
(D) Correct. The area of the region is A = π R 2 − π r 2 . Using the chain
rule gives the rate of change of the area with respect to time t as
dA dR dr dR dr
= 2π R − 2π r . It is given that = 2 and = −1
dt dt dt dt dt
(since the inner radius r is decreasing). At the instant when R = 4
and r = 3,
dA dR dr
= 2π ( 4 ) − 2π ( 3) = 2π ( 4 ( 2 ) − 3 ( −1) ) = 22π .
dt dt dt
 2019 AP Calculus BC
Question Descriptors and Performance Data

Multiple-Choice Questions

Question Skill Learning Objective Topic Key % Correct

The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
1 1.E FUN-6.B A 95
and Definite Integrals
Using the First Derivative Test to Find Relative (Local)
2 3.D FUN-4.A A 82
Extrema
3 1.E FUN-3.C The Chain Rule D 85
(BC ONLY) Solving Motion Problems Using
4 1.E FUN-8.B B 80
Parametric and Vector-Valued Functions
5 3.D LIM-7.A (BC ONLY) Working with Geometric Series B 66
6 1.E FUN-3.B The Quotient Rule A 88
7 2.C LIM-8.G (BC ONLY) Representing Functions as Power Series A 69
Connecting Limits at Infinity
8 2.B LIM-2.D B 81
and Horizontal Asymptotes
Defining Average and Instantaneous Rates
9 3.B CHA-2.B C 68
of Change at a Point
Determining Concavity of Functions over
10 2.B FUN-4.A B 67
Their Domains
11 1.E FUN-6.D Integrating Using Substitution D 70
12 3.D FUN-1.B Using the Mean Value Theorem C 80
(BC ONLY) Approximating Solutions
13 1.E FUN-7.C A 74
Using Euler's Method
14 1.E FUN-3.D Implicit Differentiation B 74
15 1.E LIM-6.A (BC ONLY) Evaluating Improper Integrals C 61
Finding General Solutions Using Separation
16 1.E FUN-7.D B 46
of Variables
17 3.D LIM-7.A (BC ONLY) Alternating Series Test for Convergence D 57
(BC ONLY) Finding the Area of the Region Bounded
18 1.C CHA-5.D D 65
by Two Polar Curves
19 3.B LIM-7.A (BC ONLY) Alternating Series Test for Convergence D 69
20 1.C FUN-6.A Applying Properties of Definite Integrals C 78
(BC ONLY) Radius and Interval of Convergence
21 3.D LIM-8.D A 71
of Power Series
(BC ONLY) Defining Polar Coordinates
22 1.E FUN-3.G B 59
and Differentiating in Polar Form
23 1.F LIM-5.A Approximating Areas with Riemann Sums B 67
The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
24 3.D FUN-6.B A 65
and Definite Integrals
25 1.E FUN-6.E (BC ONLY) Using Integration by Parts A 33
(BC ONLY) Determining Absolute or Conditional
26 3.D LIM-7.A C 53
Convergence
Volume with Washer Method - Revolving Around
27 1.C CHA-5.C D 58
x- or y-axis
(BC ONLY) Second Derivatives of Parametric
28 1.E CHA-3.G C 40
Equations
Riemann Sums, Summation Notation,
29 2.C LIM-5.C B 37
and Definite Integral Notation
(BC ONLY) Finding Taylor Polynomial Approximations
30 2.B LIM-8.A D 22
of Functions
 2019 AP Calculus BC
Question Descriptors and Performance Data

Question Skill Learning Objective Topic Key % Correct

Determining Intervals on Which a Function
76 2.E FUN-4.A D 92
Is Increasing or Decreasing
Using Accumulation Functions and Definite Integrals
77 1.E CHA-4.D D 82
in Applied Contexts
78 2.D LIM-2.D Connecting Infinite Limits and Vertical Asymptotes C 95
Finding the Average Value of a Function
79 3.F CHA-4.B B 70
on an Interval
(BC ONLY) Finding Taylor Polynomial Approximations
80 1.E LIM-8.B B 80
of Functions
(BC ONLY) The Arc Length of a Smooth, Planar Curve
81 1.E CHA-6.A B 68
and Distance Traveled
82 2.D FUN-7.C Sketching Slope Fields A 71
83 3.D LIM-2.C Removing Discontinuities A 72
Defining the Derivative of a Function
84 2.D CHA-2.C C 63
and Using Derivative Notation
Connecting Position, Velocity, and Acceleration
85 1.E CHA-4.C C 62
Functions Using Integrals
Interpreting the Behavior of Accumulation Functions
86 2.B FUN-5.A A 49
Involving Area
(BC ONLY) Solving Motion Problems Using
87 1.E FUN-8.B C 72
Parametric and Vector-Valued Functions
88 1.E CHA-3.A Interpreting the Meaning of the Derivative in Context C 42
(BC ONLY) Logistic Models
89 3.F FUN-7.H D 66
with Differential Equations
90 1.E CHA-3.E Solving Related Rates Problems D 60

Free-Response Questions

Question Skill Learning Objective Topic Mean Score

1 1.E|3.D|3.F|4.D|4.A|4.B|4.C|4.E CHA-2.D|CHA-4.E|LIM-5.A 2.3|8.3|6.2|8.3 7.33
2 1.D|1.E|3.B|3.D|4.D|4.E FUN-8.B 9.6 5.05
3 1.D|1.E|3.C|3.D|4.A CHA-2.A|CHA-2.C|CHA-4.B|FUN-1.C 2.1|2.2|8.1|5.2 3.03
4 1.D|1.E|2.B|2.E|4.A FUN-6.A|FUN-4.A 6.6|5.5|5.6 4.89
5 1.D|1.E |3.E|3.G|4.C FUN-3.D|FUN-4.E|FUN-3.G|CHA-5.D 3.2|5.12|9.7|9.9 5.04
6 1.E|3.B|3.D|3.E|4.A LIM-7.A|LIM-8.C 10.9|10.5|10.12 3.64