The 

Lahore Resolution (Urdu: , Qarardad-e-Lahore; Bengali:, Lahor Prostab), also

called Pakistan resolution or declaration of independence of Pakistan, was written and
prepared by Muhammad Zafarullah Khan and was presented by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the Prime
Minister of Bengal, was a formal political statement adopted by the All-India Muslim
League on the occasion of its three-day general session in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940.
The resolution called for independent states as seen by the statement:

Muslim leaders from across British India at the All-India Muslim League Working Committee session in
Lahore

That geographically contiguous units are demarcated regions which should be

constituted, with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary that the areas in
which the Muslims are numerically in a majority as in the North Western and Eastern
Zones of (British) India should be grouped to constitute ‘independent states’ in which the
constituent units should be autonomous and sovereign.
Although the name "Pakistan" had been proposed by Choudhary Rahmat Ali in
his Pakistan Declaration it was not until after the resolution that it began to be widely
used.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah's address to the Lahore conference was, according to Stanley
Wolpert, the moment when Jinnah, a former proponent of Hindu-Muslim unity,
irrevocably transformed himself into the leader of the fight for an independent Pakistan
Until the mid-1930s the Muslim leaders were trying to ensure maximum political safeguards
for Muslims within the framework of federation of India in terms of seeking
maximum autonomy for Muslim majority provinces. They got some safeguards through a system
of separate electorate on communal basis in the Government of India Act, 1935. As a result
of elections held under this Act, Indian National Congress formed government in six out of eight
provinces. During Congress rule from 1937 to 39, its "High Command whose iron control over its
own provinces clearly hinted at what lay ahead for the Muslim majority provinces once it came
to dominate the centre. Much of the League's propaganda at this stage was directed against the
Congress ministries and their alleged attacks on Muslim culture; the heightened activity of Hindu
Mahasabha, the hoisting of Congress tricolor, the singing of Bande Mataram, the Vidya Mandir
scheme in the Central Provinces and the Wardha scheme of education, all were interpreted as proof
of ‘Congress atrocities’. So, the Congress was clearly incapable of representing Muslim interests,
yet it was trying to annihilate every other party." [6]
Therefore, by 1938–39, the idea of separation was strongly gaining ground. The Sindh Provincial
Muslim League Conference held its first session in Karachi in October 1938, adopted a resolution
which recommended to the All India Muslim League to devise a scheme of constitution under
which Muslims may attain full independence. The premier of the Bengal province, A. K. Fazal-ul-
Haque, who was not in the All India Muslim League, was quite convinced in favour of separation.
The idea was more vividly expressed by M. A. Jinnah in an article in the London weekly Time &
Tide on 9 March 1940.[7] Jinnah wrote:
Democratic systems based on the concept of homogeneous nations such as England are
very definitely not applicable to heterogeneous countries such as India, and this simple
fact is the root cause of all of India's constitutional ills……If, therefore, it is accepted that
there is in India a major and a minor nation, it follows that a parliamentary system based
on the majority principle must inevitably mean the rule of major nation. Experience has
proved that, whatever the economic and political programme of any political Party,
the Hindu, as a general rule, will vote for his caste-fellow, the Muslim for
his coreligionist.
About the Congress-led provincial governments, he wrote:

An India-wide attack on the Muslims was launched. In the five Muslim provinces every
attempt was made to defeat the Muslim-led-coalition Ministries,...In the six Hindu
provinces a “Kulturkampf” was inaugurated. Attempts were made to have Bande
Mataram, the Congress Party song, recognized as the national anthem, the Party flag, and
the real national language, Urdu, supplanted by Hindi. Everywhere oppression
commenced and complaints poured in such force…that the Muslims, despairing of
the Viceroy and Governors ever taking action to protect them, have already been forced
to ask for a Royal Commission to investigate their grievances.
Furthermore, he added:

Is it the desire (of British people) that India should become a totalitarian Hindu State….?
….. and I feel certain that Muslim India will never submit to such a position and will be
forced to resist it with every means in their power.
In his concluding remarks he wrote:

While Muslim League irrevocably opposed to any Federal objective which must

necessarily result in a majority community rule under the guise
of Democracy and Parliamentary system of Government...To conclude, a constitution
must be evolved that recognises that there are in India two nations who both must share
the governance of their common motherland.
The session was held on 22–24 March 1940, at Iqbal Park, Lahore. The welcome address was
made by Sir Shah Nawaz Khan of Mamdot, as the chairman of the local reception committee.
The various draft texts for the final resolution/draft were deliberated over by the Special
Working Committee of the All India Muslim League[8]
The resolution text, unanimously approved by the Subject Committee, accepted the concept of a
united homeland for Muslims[citation needed] and recommended the creation of an independent
Muslim state.[9]
The resolution was moved in the general session by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the chief minister of
undivided Bengal, and was seconded by Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman from the United
Provinces, Zafar Ali Khan from Punjab, Sardar Aurangzeb Khan from North-West Frontier Province,
and Sir Abdullah Haroon from Sindh.[10] Qazi Muhammad Essa from Baluchistan and other leaders
announced their support.[citation needed]
The resolution for the establishment of a separate homeland for the Muslims of British India
passed in the annual session of the All India Muslim League held in Lahore on 22–24 March
1940 is a landmark document of Pakistan's history. [11] In 1946, it formed the basis for the
decision of Muslim League to struggle for one state [ later named Pakistan] for the Muslims.
[12] The statement declared:
No constitutional plan would be workable or acceptable to the Muslims unless
geographical contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be so constituted
with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary.[13]
The Hindu press and leaders were quick to describe the resolution as the demand for the
creation of Pakistan; some people began to call it the Pakistan Resolution soon after the Lahore
session of the Muslim League. It is landmark document in history of Pakistan. [11] Additionally, it
stated:
That adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards shall be specifically provided in the
constitution for minorities in the units and in the regions for the protection of their
religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights of the minorities.
Most importantly, to convince smaller provinces such as Sindh to join, it provided a guarantee:

That geographically contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be
constituted, with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary that the areas in
which the Muslims are numerically in a majority as in the North Western and Eastern
Zones of (British) India should be grouped to constitute 'independent states' in which the
constituent units should be autonomous and sovereign.