5/26/22, 4:17 PM problems on vapour compression cycle

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problems on vapour compression cycle

written 3.3 years ago by

nandinijella15 (/u/30373/nandin
• 300

 refrigeration and air conditioning (/t/refrigeration and air conditioning/)

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written 3.3 years ago by

nandinijella15 (/u/30373/nandin
• 300

Example 1

A vapour compression refrigerator uses methyl chloride (R-40) and operates between temperature
limits of -10°C and 45°C. At entry to the compressor, the refrigerant is dry saturated and after
compression it acquires a temperature of 60°C. Find the C.O.P. of the refrigerator. The relevant
properties of methyl chloride are as follows

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5/26/22, 4:17 PM problems on vapour compression cycle

Solution
Given :
T 1 = T4 =-10° C = −10 + 273 = 263 K;

T
2
′
=T = 45° C = 45+273 = 318 K ;T = 60° C = 60+273 = 333 K ; h =45.4 kJ/kg ; h =133 kJ/kg ;
3 2 f1 f3

h1 =460.7 ; h = 483.6 kJ/kg ; s =0.183 kJ/kg K ; s =0.485 kJ/kg K ;s = s =1.637 kJ/kg K ;

′
2 f1 f3 1 2

=1.587 kJ/kg K

′
s
2

Let c p = Specific heat at constant pressure for superheated vapour.

We know that entropy at point 2,

′ T2
s2 = s + 2.3c p log
2 ′
T2

338
1.637 = 1.587 + 2.3c p log
318

1.637 =1.587+2.3c p× 0.02=1.587+0.046c

p

Therefore c =1.09
p

and enthalpy at point 2,

h2 = h
′
2
+ c p × Degreeof superheat
=h ′
2
+ c p (T2 − T )
′
2

= 483.6 + 1.09(333 − 318) = 500 kJ/kg

Therefore

C.O.P. of refrigerator

h1 −hf 3
= h2 −h1
=
640.7−133

500−460.7
= 3.77 (Ans)

Example 2

A refrigeration machine using R-12 as refrigerant operates between the pressures 2.5 bar and 9 bar.
The compression is isentropic and there is no undercooling in the condenser. The vapour is in dry
saturated condition at the beginning of the compression. Estimate the theoretical coefficient of
performance. If the actual coefficient of performance is 0.65 of theoretical value, calculate the net
cooling produced per hour. The refrigerant flow is 5 kg per minute. Properties of refrigerant are

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5/26/22, 4:17 PM problems on vapour compression cycle

Take c for superheated vapour at 9 bar as 0.64 kJ/kg K.

Solution

Given : T ′
2
= T3 = 36°C = 36 + 273 = 309K ; T1 = T4 = −7°C = −7 + 273 = 266K ;

(C . O. P )actual = 0.65(C . O. P )th ;

m = 5kg/min; hf 3 = h4 = 70.55kJ /kg; hf 1 = hf 4 = 29.62kJ /kg; h

′
2
= 201.8kJ /kg; h1

′
= 184.5kJ /kg; s = 0.6836kJ /kgK ; s1 = s2 = 0.7001kJ /kgK ; c p = 0.64kJ /kgK
2

Theoretical coefficient of performance

First of all, let us find the temperature at point 2 (T )

2

We know that entropy at point 2,

′ T2
s2 = s + 2.3c p log
2 ′
T2

0.7001=0.6836+2.3×0.64 log

T2

309

....(Taking antilog of 0.0112)
T2 0.7001−06836 T2
log = = 0.0112 = 1.026
309 2.3×0.64 309

Therefore

T2 = 1.026309 = 317 K

We know that enthalpy of super heated vapour at point 2,

h = h + c (T − T )
= 201.8 + 0.64(317 − 309) =206.92kJ/kg
′ ′
2 2 p 2 2

Therefore theoretical coefficient of performance,

h1 −hf 3
(C . O. P )th = =
184.5−70.55
= 5.1 (Ans)

h2 −h1 206.92−184.5

Net cooling produced per hour

We also know that actual C.O.P. of the machine,

(C . O. P )actual = 0.65 × (C . O. P )th = 0.65 × 5.1 = 3.315

and actual work done, w = h − h = 206.92 − 184.5 = 22.42 kJ/kg

actual 2 1

We know that net cooling (or refrigerating effect) produced per kg of refrigerant

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5/26/22, 4:17 PM problems on vapour compression cycle

=w × (C . O. P )
actual = 22.42 × 3.315
actual = 74.3 kJ/kg

Therefore net cooling produced per hour

=m × 74.3 = 5 × 74.3 = 371.5 kJ/min

= TR (Ans) .....(1TR=210kJ/min)
371.5
= 1.77
210

Example 3
A water cooler using R-12 works on the condensing and evaporating temperatures of 26°C
and 2°C respectively. The vapour leaves the evaporator saturated and dry. The average output of
cold water is 100 kg /hr cooled from 26°C to 6°C. Allowing 20% of useful heat into water cooler and
the volumetric efficiency of the compressor as 80% and mechanical efficiency of the compressor and
the electric motor as 85% and 95% respectively, find: 1. volumetric displacement of the compressor;
and 2. power of the motor. Data for R-12 is given below

Solution

Given : T ′
2
= T3 = 26°C = 26 + 273 = 299K ; T1 = T4 = 2°C = 2 + 273 = 275K ;

m W = 100kg/hTw1 = 26°C = 26 + 273 = 299K ; Tw2 = 6°C = 6 + 273 = 279K ;

= s = 0.6956kJ /kgK ;

′
ηv = 80f 1 = 0.1487kJ /kgK ; s = 0.6865kJ /kgK ; s1 2
2

c p3 = 0.996kJ /kgK ; c p4 = 1.067kJ /kgK ; c

′
p2
= 0.674kJ /kgK ; c p1 = 0.620kJ /kgK ;

′ 3 3
v = 0.026m /kg; v 1 = 0.052m /kg
2

1. Volumetric displacement of the compressor

Since 20% of the useful heat is lost into water cooler, therefore actual heat extracted from the water
cooler,

h = 1.2m
E c (T W − T w2)

W w1

=1.21004.187(299 − 279)
= 10050 kJ/h=167.5kJ/min .....(Sp.heat of water,c =4.187kJ/kg K)
W

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5/26/22, 4:17 PM problems on vapour compression cycle

We know that heat extracted or the net refrigerating effect per kg of the refrigerant
=
h − h
1 = 188.39 − 60.64 = 127.75 kJ/kg

f3

Therefore mass flow of the refrigerant,

 kg/min

167.5
mR = = 1.3
127.75

and volumetric displacement of the compressor

5 =
mR v 1

ηv
=
1.30.052

0.80
= 0.085m /min
3

520 2. power of the motor

views
First of all, let us find the temperature at point 2 (T ).
2

We know that entropy at point 2

′ ′ T2
s2 = s + 2.3c log
2 p2 ′
T2

0.6956=0.6865+2.30.674 log T2

299

0.0091=1.55log

T2

299

log
299
T2
=0.00587 (or)
T2

299
= 1.0134 .....(Taking antilog of 0.00587)

Therefore T = 2991.0134 = 303 K

We know that enthalpy at point 2,

h2 = h
′
2
+ c
′
p2
(T2 − T )
′
2

= 198.10 + 0.674(303 − 299) = 200.8kJ /kg

We also know that work done by the compressor per kg of the refrigerant

h − h = 200.8 − 188.39 = 12.41 kJ/kg

2 1

and work done per minute

=m 12.41 = 1.312.41 = 16.133kJ /min =

R 0.27kJ /s = 0.27kW

Therefore power required for the compressor

= 0.27

ηm1
=
0.27

0.85
= 0.317kW

and power of the motor

=
0.317

ηm2
=
0.317

0.95
= 0.334kW (Ans)

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5/26/22, 4:17 PM problems on vapour compression cycle

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