SOFTWARE ENGINEERING SOLVED MCQS

1) What is Software?

a. Set of computer programs, procedures and possibly associated document concerned with
the operation of data processing.
b. A set of compiler instructions
c. A mathematical formula
d. None of above

Answer = A
Explanation: Computer software or just software, is a collection of computer programs and
related data that provides the instructions for telling a computer what to do and how to do it.

2) Which of the following is not the characteristic of software?

a. Software does not wear out

b. Software is flexible
c. Software is not manufactured
d. Software is always correct

Answer = D
Explanation: A Software is not correct until it meets all the user requirements.

3) Which of the following is not a product matrix?

a. Size
b. Reliability
c. Productivity
d. Functionality

Answer = C
Explanation: Software metric are used to quantitatively characterize the different aspects
of software process or software product. Product metrics are the measures for the software
product.

4) Which of the following is not a process metric ?

a. Productivity
b. Functionality
c. Quality
d. Efficiency
Answer = B
Explanation: Software metric are used to quantitatively characterize the different aspects
of software process or software product. Process metrics qualify the attributes of software
development and environment.

5) Efforts is measured in terms of ?

a. Person - Months
b. Persons
c. Rupees
d. Months

Answer = A
Explanation: Most appropriate unit of Effort is Person-Months , meaning thereby number
of persons involved for specified months

6) Infrastructure software are covered under ?

a. Generic Products
b. Customised Products
c. Generic and Customised Products
d. None of the above

Answer = A
Explanation: Generic products are developed for anonymous customers. The target is
generally the entire world and many copies are expected to be sold. Infrastructure software
like operating systems, compilers, word processors etc are covered under this category.

7) Management of software development is dependent upon ?

a. People
b. Product
c. Process
d. All of above

Answer = D
Explanation: The management of software development is dependent upon four factors :
People, Product, Process and Project.

8) During software development which factor is most crucial?

a. People
b. Process
c. Product
d. Project
Answer = A
Explanation: Software development requires good managers. The manager who can
understand the requirements of people. Hence , people are the crucial and critical during
software development.

9) Milestones are used to ?

a. Know the cost of the project

b. Know the status of the project
c. Know the user expectations
d. None of the above

Answer =A
Explanation: Milestones are used to measure the process or status of the project

10) The term module in the design phase refers to?

a. Functions
b. Procedures
c. Sub programs
d. All of the above

Answer =D
Explanation: All the terms have the same meaning.

11) Spiral Model was developed by?

a. Bev Littlewood
b. Berry Bohem
c. Roger Pressman
d. Victor Bisili

Answer = B
Explanation: Spiral model was developed by Berry Bohem in 1986 in his article "A Spiral
Model of Software Development and Enhancement"

12) Which model is popular for students small projects ?

a. Waterfall Model
b. Spiral Model
c. Quick and Fix model
d. Prototyping Model
Answer = A
Explanation: No Explanation

13) Which is not a software life cycle model?

a. Spiral Model
b. Waterfall Model
c. Prototyping Model
d. Capability maturity Model

Answer = D
Explanation:Capability maturity model is not a software life cycle model
14) Project risk factor is considered in ?

a. Spiral Model
b. Waterfall Model
c. Prototyping Model
d. Iterative enhancement Model

Answer = A
Explanation:Aim of Risk analysis phase in the spiral model is to eliminate the high risk
problems before they threaten the project operation or cost.

15) SDLC stands for ?

a. Software design life cycle

b. Software development life cycle
c. System design life cycle
d. System development life cycle

Answer = B
Explanation: Full form of SDLC is software development life cycle.
16) Build and Fix model has?

a. 3 Phases
b. 1 Phases
c. 2 Phases
d. 4 Phases

Answer = C
Explanation: Build and fix model has 2 phases one is " build " and other is " fix " .
17) SRS stands for ?

a. Software requirement specification

 b. Software requirement solution
c. System requirement specification
d. None of Above

Answer = A
Explanation: SRS acts as a contract between the developer and the user.
18) Waterfall model is not suitable for ?

a. Small Projects
b. Complex Projects
c. Accommodating change
d. None of Above

Answer = C
Explanation: Waterfall model does not accommodate any change that's why this model is
used in those situations where requirements are well understood.
19) RAD stands for ?

a. Rapid Application Development

b. Relative Application Development
c. Ready Application Development
d. Repeated Application Development

Answer =A
Explanation: No Explanation for this question.
20) RAD Model was purposed by ?

a. IBM
b. Motorola
c. Microsoft
d. Lucent Technologies

Answer =A
Explanation: RAD Model was purposed by IBM in 1980s through the book of James
Martin entitles "Rapid Application Development"

21) Software engineering aims at developing?

a. Reliable Software
b. Cost Effective Software
c. Reliable and cost effective Software
d. None Of Above
Answer = C
Explanation: Software engineering is the process that aims at developing the software's
that are Reliable and cost effective as well.
22) A good specification should be?

a. Unambiguous
b. Distinctly Specific
c. Functional
d. All of Above

Answer = D
Explanation: A good specification should have all the qualities such as unambiguos,
distinctly specific and functional.
23) Which of the following is a tool in design phase ?

a. Abstraction
b. Refinement
c. Information Hiding
d. All of Above

Answer = D

24) Information hiding is to hide from user, details ?

a. that are relevant to him

b. that are not relevant to him
c. that may be maliciously handled by him
d. that are confidential

Answer = C
Explanation: Information hiding is just the process of making inaccessible certain details
that have no effect on the other parts of the program.
25) Which of the following comments about object oriented design of software, is not true ?

a. Objects inherit the properties of class

b. Classes are defined based on the attributes of objects
c. an object can belong to two classes
d. classes are always different

Answer = C
Explanation: An object can not belong to two classes.
26) Design phase includes?
 a. data, architectural and procedural design only
b. architectural, procedural and interface design only
c. data, architectural and interface design only
d. data, architectural, interface and procedural design

Answer = D
Explanation: Design phase included the design of whole software including data,
architectural, interface and procedural design.
27) To completely write the program in FORTRAN and rewrite the 1% code in assembly
language, if the project needs 13 days, the team consists of?

a. 13 programmers
b. 10 programmers
c. 8 programmers
d. 100/13 programmers

Answer = C
Explanation: Writing the whole program in FORTRAN takes 100 man-day, remaining 1%
code requires 4 man-day. If it is completed in 13 days then 104/13 = 8 programmers it
required.

28) If 99% of the program is written in FORTRAN and the remaining 1% in assembly
language, the percentage increase in the programming time compared to writing the entire
program in FORTRAN and rewriting the 1% in assembly language is ?

a. 10
b. 5
c. 13
d. 8

Answer = B
Explanation: The first case takes 99+10=109 man-day. The second case require 100+4=104
man-day. Percentage = (109-104)*100/100 = 5
29) If the entire program is written in FORTRAN, the percentage increase in the execution
time, compared to writing the entire program in FORTRAN and rewriting the 1% in
assembly language is ?

a. 0.9
b. 0.8
c. 8
d. 9

Answer = B
Explanation: Let the first case takes 100 units of time to execute. Second case will take 99
+(1/5) units of time. As the 1% coding in assembly language will take 1/5 units of time.
Hence the required percentage = 0.8*100/100 = 0.8.
30) If 99% of the program is written in FORTRAN and the remaining 1% in assembly
language the percentage increase in the execution time, compared to writing the 1% in
assembly language is ?

a. 0.9
b. 0.1
c. 1
d. 0

Answer = D
Explanation: In both cases the final program will have the same 99% of code in
FORTRAN and the remaining 1% in assembly language. Hence the execution time will
remain same.

31) White box testing, a software testing technique is sometimes called ?

a. Basic path
b. Graph Testing
c. Dataflow
d. Glass box testing

Answer = D
Explanation: White box testing also named as clear box testing, transparent testing, glass
box testing and structural testing. It is a method in which the internal structure of
application is tested.
32) Black box testing sometimes called ?

a. Data Flow testing

b. Loop Testing
c. Behavioral Testing
d. Graph Based Testing

Answer = C
Explanation: Black box testing is a method that tests for the functionality of an application.
33) Which of the following is a type of testing ?

a. Recovery Testing
b. Security Testing
c. Stress Testing
d. All of above
Answer = D
Explanation: Recovery testing is a method for testing how well a software can recover from
crashes. Security testing ensures that the software protects the data and performs its all
functions. Stress testing determines the robustness of software.

34) The objective of testing is ?

a. Debugging
b. To uncover errors
c. To gain modularity
d. To analyze system

Answer = B
Explanation: The main objecting of testing is to make the software error free.
35) ...... is a black box testing method ?

a. Boundary value analysis

b. Basic path testing
c. Code path analysis
d. None of above

Answer = A
Explanation:In boundary value analysis, we choose an input from test cases from an
equivalence class such that the input lies on the edge of equivalence class.
36) Structured programming codes includes ?

a. sequencing
b. alteration
c. iteration
d. multiple exit from loops
e. only A, B and C

Answer = E
Explanation:These three constructs are sufficient to program any algorithm. Moreover, as
far as possible single entry single exit control constructs are used.

37) An important aspect of coding is ?

a. Readability
b. Productivity
c. To use as small memory space as possible
d. brevity
Answer = A
Explanation: Readability and understandability as a clear objective of coding activity can
itself help in producing software that is more maintainable.
38) Data structure suitable for the application is discussed in ?

a. data design
b. architectural design
c. procedural design
d. interface design

Answer = A
Explanation: Data design is the first and most important design activity, where the main
issue is to select the appropriate data structure.

39) In object oriented design of software , objects have ?

a. attributes and names only

b. operations and names only
c. attributes, name and operations
d. None of above

Answer = C
Explanation: The objects contains attributes, names and operations as well.
40) Function oriented metrics were first proposed by ?

a. John
b. Gaffney
c. Albrecht
d. Basili

Answer = C
Explanation: Albrecht suggests a measure called Function point, which are derives using a
empirical relationship based on the countable measures of software information domain.

41) Given a source code with 10 operators includes 6 unique operators, and 6 operand
including 2 unique operands. The program volume is ?

a. 48
b. 120
c. 720
d. insufficient data
Answer = A
Explanation: No Explanation

42) In the system conceps, term organization ?

a. implies structure and order

b. refers to the manner in which each component fuctions with other components of the
system
c. refers to the holism of system
d. means that part of the computer system depend on one another

Answer = A
Explanation: No Explanation

43) In the system concepts, the term integration ?

a. implies structure and order

b. refers to the manner in which each component functions with other components of the
system
c. means that parts of computer system depends on one another
d. refers to the holism of systems

Answer = D
Explanation: No Explanation

44) Project indicator enables a software project manager to ?

a. assess the status of an ongoing project

b. track potential risks
c. uncover problem araes before they " go critical "
d. All of above

Answer = D
Explanation: No Explanation

45) Once object oriented programming has been accomplished, unit testing is applied for
each class. Class tests includes ?

a. Fault based testing

b. Random testing
c. Partition teting
d. All of above

Answer = D
Explanation: No Explanation
46) ............ Developed a set of software quality factors that has been given the acronym
FURPS - Functionality, Usability, Reliability, performance, Supportability?

a. Hewlett - Packard
b. Rambaugh
c. Booch
d. Jacobson

Answer = A
Explanation: No Explanation

47) In system design, we do following ?

a. Hardware design after software

b. Software design after hardware
c. Parallel hardware and software design
d. No hardware design needed

Answer = C
Explanation: No Explanation

48) The document listing all procedures and regulations that generally govern an
organization is the ?

a. Personal poling bank

b. Organizing manual
c. Administration policy manual
d. Procedure log

Answer = B Explanation: No Explanation

49) A turnkey package includes ?

a. Software
b. Hardware
c. Traning
d. All of above

Answer = D
Explanation: No Explanation

50) Detailed design is expressed by ?

a. CSPEC
b. PSPEC
c. MINI SPEC
 d. Code SPEC

Answer = C
Explanation: No Explanation

51) In functional decomposition, the data flow diagram ?

a. is ignored
b. is partitioned according to the closeness of the datagram and storage items
c. is partitioned according to the logical closeness of the actigram
d. Both A and C
e. None of above

Answer = C
Explanation: N/A

52) Which of the following is done in order a data in phase 1 of the system development life
cycle ?

a. Reviewing policies and procedures

b. Using questionnaires to contact surveys
c. Conducting Interviews
d. All of above
e. None of above

Answer = D
Explanation: N/A

53) A graphic representation of an information system is called?

a. Flow chart
b. Pictogram
c. Data flow diagram
d. Histogram
e. None of above

Answer = C
Explanation:N/A

54) To avoid errors in transcription and transposition, during data entry the system
analyst should?

a. Provide for a check digit

b. Provide for a hash totals
c. Provide batch totals
d. All of above
Answer = D
Explanation: N/A

55) In the system concepts, the term integration ?

a. implies structure and order

b. refers to the manner in which each component functions with other component of the
system
c. means that part of the computer system depend on one another
d. refers to the holism of system
e. None of above

Answer = D
Explanation: system integration is the bringing together of the component subsystems into
one system and ensuring that the subsystems function together as a system. In information
technology, systems integration is the process of linking together different computing
systems and software applications physically or functionally, to act as a coordinated whole

56) RAD is a linear sequential software development process model. RAD is an acronym
for ?

a. Rapid Application Development

b. Rapid Action Development
c. Rough Application Development
d. Rough Action Development

Answer = A
Explanation: Rapid application development (RAD) is a software development
methodology that uses minimal planning in favor of rapid prototyping. The "planning" of
software developed using RAD is interleaved with writing the software itself

57) In risk analysis of spiral model, which of the following risk includes ?

a. Technical
b. Management
c. Both A and B
d. None of these

Answer = C
Explanation: N/A

58) The model remains operative until the software is retired ?

a. Waterfall
b. Incremental
c. Spiral
 d. None of these

Answer = C
Explanation: The spiral model is based on continuous refinement of key products for
requirements definition and analysis, system and software design, and implementation (the
code). At each iteration around the cycle, the products are extensions of an earlier product.
This model uses many of the same phases as the waterfall model, in essentially the same
order, separated by planning, risk assessment, and the building of prototypes and
simulations

59) A quantitative measure of the degree to which a system, component, or process posses a
given attribute?

a. Measure
b. Measurement
c. Metric
d. None of these

Answer = C
Explanation: N/A

60) RAD is not appropriate when?

a. Fast finding already done

b. Technical risks are high
c. Testing is not needed
d. None of above

Answer = B
Explanation: RAD model may not be useful for large, unique or highly complex projects.
This method cannot be a success if the team is not sufficiently motivated and nor is unable
to work cohesively together.

61) 1. Choose the correct option in terms of Issues related to professional responsibility
a) Confidentiality
b) Intellectual property rights
c) Both a & b
d) Managing Client Relationships

View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Engineers should normally respect the confidentiality of their employers or clients
irrespective of whether or not a formal confidentiality agreement has been signed.
They should be aware of local laws governing the use of intellectual property such as patents,
copyright, etc.

62. “Software engineers should not use their technical skills to misuse other people‟s
computers.”Here the term misuse refers to:
a) Unauthorized access to computer material
b) Unauthorized modification of computer material
c) Dissemination of viruses or other malware
d) All of the mentioned

View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: None.

63. Explain what is meant by PRODUCT with reference to one of the eight principles as per the
ACM/IEEE Code of Ethics ?
a) The product should be easy to use.
b) Software engineers shall ensure that their products and related modifications meet the highest
professional standards possible.
c) Software engineers shall ensure that their products and related modifications satisfy the client.
d) It means that the product designed /created should be easily available.
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: None.

64. Identify an ethical dilemma from the situations mentioned below:

a) Your employer releases a safety-critical system without finishing the testing of the system.
b) Refusing to undertake a project.
c) Agreement in principle with the policies of senior management.
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: None.

65. Identify the correct statement: “Software engineers shall

a) act in a manner that is in the best interests of his expertise and favour.”
b) act consistently with the public interest.”
c) ensure that their products only meet the SRS.”
d) none
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Software engineers shall act in a manner that is in the best interests of their client
and employer consistent with the public interest and shall ensure that their products and related
modifications meet the highest professional standards possible.Thus options a & c are ruled out.

66. Select the incorrect statement: “Software engineers should

a) not knowingly accept work that is outside your competence.”
b) not use your technical skills to misuse other people‟s computers.”
c) be dependent on their colleagues.”
d) maintain integrity and independence in their professional judgment.”
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation:None.

67. Efficiency in a software product does not include ________

a) responsiveness
b) licensing
c) memory utilization
d) processing time
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Licensing of a software product comes under corporate part of the software
company.

68. As per an IBM report, “31%of the project get cancelled before they are completed, 53%
overrun their cost estimates by an average of 189% and for every 100 projects, there are 94
restarts”.What is the reason for these statistics ?
a) Lack of adequate training in software engineering
b) Lack of software ethics and understanding
c) Management issues in the company
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: Option b & c are a part of Software Engineering as a subject,hence option a covers
them both.

69. The reason for software bugs and failures is due to

a) Software companies
b) Software Developers
c) Both a and b
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Software companies are responsible for making policies and providing working
atmosphere for the software development, so in turn these companies become a part of software
development process.Bugs from developers side is no new thing. Thus option c answers the
question.

70. Company has latest computers and state-of the- art software tools, so we shouldn‟t worry
about the quality of the product.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: The infrastructure is only one of the several factors that determine the quality of the
product.

71) Build & Fix Model is suitable for programming exercises of ___________ LOC (Line of
Code).
a) 100-200
b) 200-400
c) 400-1000
d) above 1000

Answer: a
Explanation: Build & Fix Model is suitable for small projects & programming exercises of 100
or 200 lines.

72. RAD stands for

a) Relative Application Development
b) Rapid Application Development
c) Rapid Application Document
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: None.

73. Which one of the following models is not suitable for accommodating any change?
a) Build & Fix Model
b) Prototyping Model
c) RAD Model
d) Waterfall Model
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Real projects rarely follow the sequential flow that the Waterfall Model proposes.
74. Which is not one of the types of prototype of Prototyping Model?
a) Horizontal Prototype
b) Vertical Prototype
c) Diagonal Prototype
d) Domain Prototype
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Their is no such thing as Diagonal Prototype whereas other options have their
respective definitions.

75. Which one of the following is not a phase of Prototyping Model?

a) Quick Design
b) Coding
c) Prototype Refinement
d) Engineer Product
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: A prototyping model generates only a working model of a system.

76. Which of the following statements regarding Build & Fix Model is wrong?
a) No room for structured design
b) Code soon becomes unfix-able & unchangeable
c) Maintenance is practically not possible
d) It scales up well to large projects
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Build & Fix Model is suitable for 100-200 LOC

77. RAD Model has

a) 2 phases
b) 3 phase
c) 5 phases
d) 6 phases
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: RAD Model consists of five phases namely:Business modeling,Data
modeling,Process modeling,Application generation and Testing & Turnover.

78. What is the major drawback of using RAD Model?

a) Highly specialized & skilled developers/designers are required.
b) Increases re-usability of components.
c) Encourages customer/client feedback.
d) Both a & c.
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: The client may create an unrealistic product vision leading a team to over or under-
develop functionality.Also, the specialized & skilled developers are not easily available.

79. SDLC stands for

a) Software Development Life Cycle
b) System Development Life cycle
c) Software Design Life Cycle
d) System Design Life Cycle
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: None.

80. Which model can be selected if user is involved in all the phases of SDLC?
a) Waterfall Model
b) Prototyping Model
c) RAD Model
d) both b & c
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: None.

81) Which of these are not among the eight principles followed by Software Engineering Code
of Ethics and Professional Practice ?
a) PUBLIC
b) PROFESSION
c) PRODUCT
d) ENVIRONMENT
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: rest all are clauses for software ethics, environment does not focus on specific
clause nor its of importace related to question.

82. What is a Software ?

a) Software is set of programs.
b) Software is documentation and configuration of data.
c) Both a and b
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Software is not just set of program but it is also associated documentation and
configuration of data to make program run.

83. Which of these does not account for software failure ?

a) Increasing Demand
b) Low expectation
c) Increasing Supply
d) Less reliable and expensive.
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Increasing supply will lead to more production and not failure.

84. What are attributes of good software ?

a) Software maintainability.
b) Software functionality.
c) Software development.
d) a and b.
e) a,b and c.
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Good software should deliver the required functinality, maintainability. Software
development is not an attribute but a fundamental.

85. Which of these software engineering activities are not a part of software processes ?
a) Software dependence.
b) Software development.
c) Software validation.
d) Software specification.
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: Software dependence is an attribute and not an engineering activity for process.

86. Which of these is incorrect ?

a) Software engineering belongs to Computer science.
b) Software engineering is a part of more general form of System Engineering.
c) Computer science belongs to Software engineering.
d) Software engineering is concerned with the practicalities of developing and delivering useful
software.
View Answer
Answer:c
Explanation: Software engineering is a vast sub domain which comes under computer science
which is main domain.

87. Which of these is true ?

a) Generic products and customized products are types of software products.
b) Generic products are produces by organization and sold to open market.
c) Customized products are comissioned by particular customer.
d) All of the above.
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: All of them are true.

88. Which of these does not affect different types of software as a whole?
a) Heterogeneity
b) Flexibility
c) Business and social change
d) Security
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation:Option b & c are a part of Software Engineering as a subject,hence option a covers
them both.

89. The fundamental notions of software engineering does not account for ?
a) Software processes
b) Software Security
c) Software reuse
d) Software Validation
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation:Software validation is an activity for software process and not the fundamental for
engineering.

90. Which of these is not true ?

a) Web has led to availability of software services and possibility of developing highly
distributed service based systems.
b) Web based systems have led to degradance of programming languages.
c) Web brings concept of software as service.
d) Web based system should be developed and delivered incrementally.
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Web based systems has led to important advances in programming languages.
91) Which one of the following is not an Evolutionary Process Model?
a) WINWIN Spiral Model
b) Incremental Model
c) Concurrent Development Model
d) Spiral Model
e) All are Evolutionary Software Models
View Answer

Answer: e
Explanation: None.

92. The Incremental Model is a result of combination of elements of which two models?
a) Build & FIX Model & Waterfall Model
b) Linear Model & RAD Model
c) Linear Model & Prototyping Model
d) Waterfall Model & RAD Model
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Each linear sequence produces a deliverable “increment” of the software and
particularly when we have to quickly deliver a limited functionality system.

93. What is the major advantage of using Incremental Model?

a) Customer can respond to each increment
b) Easier to test and debug
c) It is used when there is a need to get a product to the market early
d) Both b & c
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Incremental Model is generally easier to test and debug than other methods of
software development because relatively smaller changes are made during each iteration and is
popular particularly when we have to quickly deliver a limited functionality system.However,
option “a” can be seen in other models as well like RAD model,hence option “d” answers the
question.

94. The spiral model was originally proposed by

a) IBM
b) Barry Boehm
c) Pressman
d) Royce
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: None.

95. The spiral model has two dimensions namely _____________ and ____________.
a) diagonal, angular
b) radial, perpendicular
c) radial, angular
d) diagonal, perpendicular
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: The radial dimension of the model represents the cumulative costs and the angular
dimension represents the progress made in completing each cycle. Each loop of the spiral from
X-axis clockwise through 360o represents one phase.

96. How is WINWIN Spiral Model different from Spiral Model?

a) It defines tasks required to define resources, timelines, and other project related information.
b) It defines a set of negotiation activities at the beginning of each pass around the spiral.
c) It defines tasks required to assess both technical and management risks.
d) It defines tasks required to construct, test, install, and provide user support.
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Except option “b” all other tasks/activities are present in Spiral Model as well.

97. Identify the disadvantage of Spiral Model.

a) Doesn‟t work well for smaller projects
b) High amount of risk analysis
c) Strong approval and documentation control
d) Additional Functionality can be added at a later date
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: All other options are the advantages of Spiral Model.

98. Spiral Model has user involvement in all its phases.

a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: None.

99. How is Incremental Model different from Spiral Model?

a) Progress can be measured for Incremental Model.
b) Changing requirements can be accommodated in Incremental Model.
c) Users can see the system early in Incremental Model.
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: None.

100. If you were to create client/server applications, which model would you go for?
a) WINWIN Spiral Model
b) Spiral Model
c) Concurrent Model
d) Incremental Model
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: When applied to client/server applications, the concurrent process model defines
activities in two dimensions: a system dimension and a component dimension.Thus Concurrency
is achieved by system and component activities occurring simultaneously and can be modeled
using the state-oriented approach.

101) What are the types of requirements ?

a) Availability
b) Reliability
c) Usability
d) Flexibility
e) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer:e
Explanation: All the mentioned traits are beneficial for an effective product to be developed.

102. Select the developer specific requirement ?

a) Potability
b) Maintainability
c) Availability
d) Both a and b
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Availability is user specific requirement.

103. Which one of the following is not a step of requirement engineering?

a) elicitation
b) design
c) analysis
d) documentation
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Requirement Elicitation, Requirement Analysis, Requirement Documentation and
Requirement Review are the four crucial process steps of requirement engineering.Design is in
itself a different phase of Software Engineering.

104. FAST stands for

a) Functional Application Specification Technique
b) Fast Application Specification Technique
c) Facilitated Application Specification Technique
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: None.

105. QFD stands for

a) quality function design
b) quality function development
c) quality function deployment
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: None.

106. A Use-case actor is always a person having a role that different people may play.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Use-case Actor is anything that needs to interact with the system, be it a person or
another (external) system.

107. The user system requirements are the parts of which document ?
a) SDD
b) SRS
c) DDD
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Software requirements specification (SRS), is a complete description of the
behaviour of a system to be developed and may include a set of use cases that describe
interactions the users will have with the software.

108. A stakeholder is anyone who will purchase the completed software system under
development.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Stakeholders are anyone who has an interest in the project. Project stakeholders are
individuals and organizations that are actively involved in the project, or whose interests may be
affected as a result of project execution or project completion.

109. Conflicting requirements are common in Requirement Engineering, with each client
proposing his or her version is the right one.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: This situation is seen in every field of work as each professional has his/her way of
looking onto things & would argue to get his/her point approved.

110. Which is one of the most important stakeholder from the following ?
a) Entry level personnel
b) Middle level stakeholder
c) Managers
d) Users of the software
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Users are always the most important stakeholders.After all, without users or
customers, what‟s the point of being in business?.

111) Which of the following elicitation techniques is a view-point based method ?

a) FODA
b) QFD
c) CORE
d) IBIS
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Controlled Requirements Expression(CORE) says that any system can be viewed
from a number of view points and that a complete picture of system requirements can only
emerge by putting together the various viewpoints.

112. ___________ and ____________ are the two view points discussed in Controlled
Requirements Expression (CORE).
a) Functional, Non-Functional
b) User, Developer
c) Known, Unknown
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: The CORE sessions includes the discussion of functional and non-functional
requirements.

113. What is the major drawback of CORE ?

a) Requirements are comprehensive
b) NFRs are not given enough importance
c) Role of analyst is passive
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: In CORE the requirement specification are put together by all users, customers and
analysts, so a passive analyst will not get the requirements properly.

114. Choose a framework that corresponds to Issue Based Information System (IBIS).
a) Idea -> Question -> Argument
b) Question -> Idea -> Argument
c) Issue -> Position -> Justification
d) Both b and c
e) Both a and c
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: IBIS is a simple and non-intrusive method that provides a framework for resolving
issues and gathering requirements.

115. How is CORE different from IBIS ?

a) Iterative in nature
b) Redundancies are removed
c) It is simple and an easier method to use
d) Consistency problems are addressed in CORE
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Preliminary data collection is done in CORE to get some broad level data on each
view point to structure the view point and to check consistency from within and outside the
viewpoints.

116. Which of the following Requirement Elicitation Techniques removes the poor
understanding of application domain and lack of common terminology between the users and the
analysts ?
a) FODA
b) CORE
c) IBIS
d) Prototyping
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: Feature Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA) is defined as the process of identifying,
collecting, organizing and representing relevant information in a domain .

117. How many steps are involved in Feature Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA) ?
a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
d) Five
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Context Analysis, Domain Modeling and Architecture Modeling are the three steps
involved in Feature Oriented Domain Analysis (FODA).

118. IBIS is a more structured approach than CORE.

a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: IBIS is a more structured approach as it captures information which is consistent
and important.On the other hand CORE gives importance to every view point even if it is
obsolete.

119. Which one of the following is not an actor in JAD sessions ?

a) User
b) Tester
c) Scribe
d) Sponsor
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: A Tester‟s role is seen in after coding phase rather than in elicitation phase.
120. What of the following is not an output of a JAD session ?
a) Context Diagrams
b) DFDs
c) ER model
d) UML diagrams
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams are constructed during the design
phase of the SDLC.

121) How is brainstorming different from JAD ? Brainstorming sessions

a) last for about 2-3 hours
b) last for about 2-3 days
c) cover the technology used for the development
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: Brainstorming is a group or individual creativity technique by which efforts are
made to find a conclusion for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas spontaneously
contributed by its member(s).The idea is to quickly reach to an approved solution ASAP.

122. How is throwaway prototype different from evolutionary prototype ?

a) It involves successive steps.
b) It involves just one task.
c) The prototype is built with the idea that it will eventually be converted into final system.
d) It has a shorter development time.
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Except option b all other options represent the characteristics of an evolutionary
prototype.

123. Keeping the requirements of QFD in mind which of the following is not an example of an
Expected Requirement ?
a) Ease of software installation
b) Overalll operational correctness and reliability
c) Specific system functions
d) Quality graphical display
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Expected requirements are so fundamental that a customer does not explicitly state
them.System functions comes under the category of Normal requirements in QFD which is
compulsory to be defined,hence is not an expected requirement.
124. QFD works best if it has management commitment.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: QFD involves heavy investment in initial stages, thus bounding the management to
provide appropriate funding for the development process .

125. Which of the following Requirement Elicitation Techniques is applicable to messy,

changing and ill-defined problem situations ?
a) Quality Function Deployment (QFD)
b) Prototyping
c) Soft Systems Methodology (SSM)
d) Controlled Requirements Expression (CORE)
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Soft systems methodology (SSM) is a systemic approach for tackling real-world
problematic situations.It is a common misunderstanding that SSM is a methodology for dealing
solely with „soft problems‟ (problems which involve psychological, social, and cultural
elements). SSM does not differentiate between „soft‟ and „hard‟ problems, it merely provides a
different way of dealing with situations perceived as problematic.

126. To ensure that a given root definition is rigorous and comprehensive, The Lancaster team
proposed several criteria that are summarized in the mnemonic CATWOE in Soft Systems
Methodology (SSM).Which of the following alphabet is representing an entirely different
meaning to SSM ?
a) C – Customer
b) A – Actor
c) T – Tranformation
d) W – World view
e) O – Owner
f) E – ER Model
View Answer

Answer:f
Explanation: „E‟ in CATWOE stands for Environmental constraints.

127. Choose the disadvantage of using SSM as an elicitation technique.

a) It incorporates human element into design.
b) SSM is in its infant stage.
c) SSM is suitable for new systems.
d) Standard methodologies like Role Exploration, Issue Resolution and Reorganization support
SSM.
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: SSM is still in its infancy.It is evolving and its industrial usage is low.

128. How many phases are there in Brainstorming ?

a) Two
b) Three
c) Four
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Preparation, Execution and Follow up are the three phases to be achieved for a
successful brainstorming session.

129. Who controls the FAST (Facilitated Application Specification Techniques) meeting ?
a) System Analyst
b) Scribe
c) Facilitator
d) Manager
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: A Facilitator (a customer/developer/an outsider) controls the FAST meeting.His
role is to ensure that the meeting is productive.

130. Arrange the steps in order to represent the conducting of Wideband Delphi Technique.
i. Conduct a group discussion
ii. Conduct another group discussion
iii. Present experts with a problem
iv. Collect expert opinion anonymously
v. Iterate until consensus is reached
vi. Feedback a summary of result to each expert
a) i, iii, ii, iv, v, vi
b) iii, i, ii, iv, v, vi
c) i, ii, iii, iv, vi, v
d) iii, i, iv, vi, ii, v
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: The sequence represents the working steps of a Wideband Delphi technique

131) Which of the following diagram is not supported by UML considering Data-driven
modeling ?
a) Activity
b) Data Flow Diagram (DFD)
c) State Chart
d) Component
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: DFDs focus on system functions and do not recognize system objects.

132. _________________ allows us to infer that different members of classes have some
common characteristics.
a) Realization
b) Aggregation
c) Generalization
d) dependency
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Generalization is an everyday technique that we use to manage complexity.This
means that common information will be maintained in one place only.

133. One creates Behavioral models of a system when you are discussing and designing the
system architecture.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Structural models of software display the organization of a system in terms of the
components that make up that system and their relationships.

134. ______________ & ______________ diagrams of UML represent Interaction modeling.

a) Use Case, Sequence
b) Class, Object
c) Activity, State Chart
View Answer

Answer:a
Explanation: Use case modeling is mostly used to model interactions between a system and
external actors.Sequence diagrams are used to model interactions between system components,
although external agents may also be included.

135. Which level of Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) models all entities and relationships ?
a) Level 1
b) Level 2
c) Level 3
View Answer
Answer:b
Explanation: Level 1 ERD models all data objects (entities) and their “connections” to one
another while Level 3 ERD models all entities, relationships, and the attributes that provide
further depth. Thus option b is correct.

136. ___________ classes are used to create the interface that the user sees and interacts with as
the software is used.
a) Controller
b) Entity
c) Boundary
d) Business
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: The answer is self-explanatory.

137. Which of the following statement is incorrect regarding the Class-responsibility-

collaborator (CRC) modeling ?
a) All use-case scenarios (and corresponding use-case diagrams) are organized into categories in
CRC modelling
b) The review leader reads the use-case deliberately.
c) Only developers in the review (of the CRC model) are given a subset of the CRC model index
cards
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: All participants in the review (of the CRC model) are given a subset of the CRC
model index cards.

138. A data object can encapsulates processes and operation as well.

a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: A data object encapsulates data only. There is no reference within a data object to
operations that act on the data.

139) Which two requirements are given priority during Requirement Management of a product ?
a) User and Developer
b) Functional and Non-functional
c) Enduring and Volatile
d) Core and Functional

View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Enduring requirements are core requirements & are related to main activity of the
organization while volatile requirements are likely to change during software development life
cycle or after delivery of the product.

140). Considering the example of issue/return of a book, cataloging etc. in a library

management.What type of management requirement is being depicted here?
a) Enduring
b) Volatile
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: For library management system issue/return of a book, cataloging etc. are core
activities and are stable for any system.

141). Why is Requirements Management Important ? It is due to the changes

a) to the environment
b) in technology
c) in customer‟s expectations
d) in all of the mentioned.
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Systems continue to be built as the advancement of new products being launched in
the market and so does the market changes, the technology and in turn customer‟s expectation.

142). Requirements Management is a prerequisite for Quality-Oriented Development.

a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Quality makes no sense without reference to requirements, which means quality-
oriented development is requirements-driven development, thus requirements management is a
prerequisite for quality-oriented development.

143). Requirements traceability is one of the most important part requirement management. It
may also be referred to as the heart of requirement management.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Requirements traceability refers to the ability to describe and follow the life of a
requirement in both forwards and backwards direction. Requirements can be traced from its
origins, through its development and specification, to its subsequent deployment and use, and
through periods of ongoing refinement and iteration in any of these phases.

144). Requirements Management has a high initial start-up cost but does not need ongoing
funding throughout a project.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Requirements Management needs continued funding throughout a project.Project
funding is often limited at the onset of a project, restricted to those aspects of the project which
are tangible and visible, and subsequently allocated in a phase-by-phase manner.

145). Which of the following is not a Requirement Management workbench tool ?

a) RTM
b) DOORS
c) Rational Suite
d) RDD 100
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: Rational Suite is an environment tool for requirement management.

146). Which of the following is a requirement management activity ?

a) Investigation
b) Design
c) Construction and Test
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: All the options are the activities of requirement management.

147). What functionality of Requirement Management Tool (RMT) is depicted by the statement:
“the tool should be able to automatically detect relations between artifacts. For example
information retrieval techniques, monitoring of change history, naming schemas or model
transformations.”
a) Automatic Link Detection
b) Documentation Support
c) Graphical Representation
d) Automatic Link Creation and Change
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: DOORS is one such tool that supports Automatic Link Detection.
148). According to a statistical report: “over 30% of all software projects are cancelled before
completion and over 70% of the remainder fail to deliver expected features”. What must be the
reason for such a situation ?
a) Poor change management
b) Poor requirements management
c) Poor quality control
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: Fundamental to the problem mentioned in the statistical report is poor requirements
management. Option a and c are its sub parts.

150) Which is the first step in the software development life cycle ?
a) Analysis
b) Design
c) Problem/Opportunity Identification
d) Development and Documentation
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: The answer is self explanatory.

151) Which tool is use for structured designing ?

a) Program flowchart
b) Structure chart
c) Data-flow diagram
d) Module
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: A Structure Chart (SC) in software engineering and organizational theory, is a chart
which shows the breakdown of a system to its lowest manageable levels.

152) A step by step instruction used to solve a problem is known as

a) Sequential structure
b) A List
c) A plan
d) An Algorithm
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: The answer is self explanatory.
153). In the Analysis phase, the development of the ____________ occurs, which is a clear
statement of the goals and objectives of the project.
a) documentation
b) flowchart
c) program specification
d) design
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Program specification is the definition of what a computer program is expected to
do.

154). Actual programming of software code is done during the ____________ step in the SDLC.
a) Maintenance and Evaluation
b) Design
c) Analysis
d) Development and Documentation
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: The developer has to find in the technical documentation enough information to
start coding.

155). Who designs and implement database structures.

a) Programmers
b) Project managers
c) Technical writers
d) Database administrators
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: The role of database administrators includes the development and design of
database strategies, system monitoring and improving database performance and capacity, and
planning for future expansion requirements.

156). ____________ is the process of translating a task into a series of commands that a
computer will use to perform that task.
a) Project design
b) Installation
c) Systems analysis
d) Programming
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: The answer is self explanatory.
157). Debugging is:
a) creating program code.
b) finding and correcting errors in the program code.
c) identifying the task to be computerized.
d) creating the algorithm.
View Answer

Answer:
Explanation: Debugging is a methodical process of finding and reducing the number of bugs, or
defects, in a computer program or a piece of electronic hardware, thus making it behave as
expected.

158). In Desigin phase, which is the primary area of concern ?

a) Architecture
b) Data
c) Interface
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Part of the design phase is to create structural and behavioral models of the system
which is covered by architecture, data and the interface of the product.

159). The importance of software design can be summarized in a single word which is:
a) Efficiency
b) Accuracy
c) Quality
d) Complexity
View Answer

Answer:c
Explanation: Software functional quality reflects how well it complies with or conforms to a
given design, based on functional requirements or specifications.

160). Cohesion is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module

a) can be written more compactly.
b) focuses on just one thing.
c) is able to complete its function in a timely manner.
d) is connected to other modules and the outside world.
View Answer

Answer:b
Explanation: Cohesion of a single module/component is the degree to which its responsibilities
form a meaningful unit.
161). Coupling is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module
a) can be written more compactly.
b) focuses on just one thing.
c) is able to complete its function in a timely manner.
d) is connected to other modules and the outside world.
View Answer

Answer:d
Explanation: Coupling between modules/components is their degree of mutual interdependence.