e-ISSN: 2582-

5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and
Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:06/June-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com

POWER GENERATION FROM THERMOELECTRIC GENERATOR (TEG)

Durgesh Dongre *1, Himanshu Mehakare *2, Parth Khadatkar *3,
Pooja Yadav*4,Rajeshri Fulbandhe*5
*1
Associate Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering,
Priyadarshini J.L College of Engineering, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

(B.E Scholars, Department of Electrical Engineering, Priyadarshini J.L College of Engineering, Nagpur,
Maharashtra, India)
ABSTRACT
Power costs increasing, and environmental pollution and warming are issues that we are addressing at
present. To scale back their effects, scientists are specializing in improving energy harvesting-based power
generators. Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) have an ability to directly convert thermal energy into an
electrical one via the Seebeck effect. Also, they’re environmentally friendly because they are doing not contain
chemical products, they operate silently because they are doing not have mechanical structures and/or
moving parts, and that they may be fabricated on many varieties of substrates like silicon, polymers, and
ceramics. Furthermore, TEGs are position-independent, present an extended operating lifetime, and are
suitable for integration into bulk and versatile devices. This paper presents an in-depth analysis of TEGs and
generating power as a non-conventional method by energy. Non-conventional energy systems very essential
at this point to our nation. This project are often accustomed utilize the warmth energy into electricity for
multipurpose use in less power (mW) electronic devices. this method should be economical, and simple to
implement.

Keywords: Miliwatt power, Low power, Generation, Non-Conventional, Seeback effect

I. INTRODUCTION
At present, the Energy crisis is that the main problem, there are obvious efforts to recover the waste energy and
convert it into electricity using various sources of waste heat like in power plants, automobiles, cooling
systems, etc. These efforts are conducted toward reducing the electrical generation cost and decreasing global
pollution. However, fossil fuels are still the most source for producing electricity. Waste heat is classed
supported temperature into a high grade (high temperature) and low grade (low temperature). Many thermal
processes produced an infinite amount of waste heat at a low-grade temperature of 150 ℃ or less which is in
most cases released to the environment or discarded through the cooling system. Globally, energy consumption
is anticipated to rise by 71% while CO2 emissions may increase by quite 40%. Recovering low-grade waste heat
could be a challenging task so researchers are working toward finding alternative and reliable ways to reuse
this energy. Also, the recovered energy will help to extend efficiency and reduce the fuel cost of the thermal
system.

II. METHODOLOGY
TEG is based on SEEBECK EFFECT. When heat is applied to a circuit at the junction of
With different conductors, a current will be generated.
Working-
In our project, TEG is the main hero. TEG converts heat source directly into an electric source. When TEG gets
hot from one side with the help of a heat source and another side is cooled by a cooling fan then electric energy
gets produced. In TEG we implement a temperature sensor by which how much heat is needed to generate
electric energy we come across to know. Whenever the heat gets increased electric energy also gets increased.
It fully depends upon TEG capacity and how much to increase heat. After electric energy gets produced it flows
directly through the switch to the DC-DC step-up chopper. The chopper will step up the voltage which gets from
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 e-ISSN: 2582-
5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and
Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:06/June-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
the input side in form of DC only. And that step up energy will give to the Voltage regulator. In a voltage
regulator, a fixed form of voltage we get directly flows towards the battery. The battery will store that energy in
form of DC. When we need that energy in form of AC we give it to an inverter that is connected to the battery.
The inverter converts the DC source to an AC source and that AC source is given to the LED bulb which is 5
watts. In this way, our project gets run completely.
Block Diagram-

Figure 1: Block diagram of the model.

1. The heat from the candle is given to the hot side of TEG
2. Cooling is provided by a cooling fan to the cold side of TEG
3. Digital Thermometer 1 Shows the Temperature of the Hot side & Digital Thermometer 2 Shows the
Temperature of the Cold side
4. The output of TEG is fed to DC to DC converter & DC load in Parallel
5. DC to DC converter output is fed to Voltage Regulator
6. The output of the voltage regulator is fed to the battery
7. The battery is connected to the inverter and the inverter to the AC load
Circuit Diagram

Figure 2: Circuit Diagram of Modal.

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 e-ISSN: 2582-
5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and
Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:06/June-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com

III. MODELING AND ANALYSIS

Component used-
• TEG-Devices that convert temperature differences into electrical energy.
• Thermometer-To finds the Temperature difference between both sides of TEG.
• DC fan- cools the cold side of TEG to maintain the temperature difference between both sides of TEG.
• Buck-Boost converter- DC voltage is stepped up by the buck-boost converter.
• Inverter- Inverter convert output DC voltage  of voltage regulator to AC
• Voltage Regulator- The voltage regulator gives a constant voltage of 12V

Model-

Figure 3: Thermoelectric power Generation modal.

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
After observing the table's different temperature differences there is a change in power. Voltage and Power are
increasing with the increase in temperature difference. So we can conclude that TEG can be used to power low
power electronic devices (mW)
SN T1 (degree) T2(degree) Delta T VTEG ITEG PTEG
. (T1-T2) (VTEG*ITEG=mW)
1 179 51.0 128 2.66 5.12 13.61
2 159 50.0 109 2.59 3.34 8.65
3 141 49.2 91.8 2.54 2.21 5.61
4 130 49.1 80.9 2.53 1.82 4.60
5 99 48.2 50.8 2.34 0.10 0.23
6 92 48 44 2.15 0.01 0.02
Table 1. Observation Table
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 e-ISSN: 2582-
5208
International Research Journal of Modernization in Engineering Technology and
Science
( Peer-Reviewed, Open Access, Fully Refereed International Journal )
Volume:04/Issue:06/June-2022 Impact Factor- 6.752 www.irjmets.com
ASSUME:-
Thermometer 1 = T1
Thermometer 2 = T2
Temperature difference = Delta T
The output voltage of TEG = VTEG
The output load current of TEG = ITEG
Total Power of TEG = PTEG
V. CONCLUSION
TEG is used to supply low-power electronics (milliwatts) devices. Waste heat conversion into useful energy is
beneficial per the present energy crisis. There are numerous advantages over disadvantages and a variety of
application fields. The development in the future will lead to interesting applications.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to avail this opportunity to acknowledge our profoundness in the department
and extent our sense of gratitude to our guide Dr. A M. Mendhe for this valuable guidance, advice, and
encouragement that has led to the successful completion of this project. Our sincere thanks to our honorable
Principal Dr. A M. Shende for his genuine support and for providing us with the necessary facilities to carry
out the work. We are exceedingly grateful to our Head of Department, Prof. A. M. Mendhe for his co-operation
in this project's completion. We also thank our parents for providing us with financial assistance and moral
support for project completion.
VI. REFERENCES
[1] A. Majumdar, "Thermoelectricity in semiconductor nanostructures", Science 303, 777 (2004).
[2] A. I. Boukai, "Silicon Nanowires as Efficient Thermoelectric Materials", Nature 451, 168 (2008).
[3] C. B. Vining, "An Inconvenient Truth About Thermoelectrics", Nature Materials 8, 83 (2009).
[4] Dr. Steven O’Halloran, Mr. Matthew Rodrigues, “Power and Efficiency Measurement in a Thermoelectric
Generator”, AC 2012-3976 (2012).
[5] Raşit Ahıska, Hayati Mamur,” A review: Thermoelectric generators in renewable energy”, International
Journal of Renewable Energy Research, Vol.4, No.1, (2014).
[6] Cao D, Peng FZ. "Multiphase multilevel modular DC-DC converter for high current high gain TEG
application", IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition; Atlanta, USA. pp. 4230–4237 (2010).
[7] Man Prakash Gupta, Min-hee S Sayer, Saibal Mukhopadhyay, Satish Kumar, “ON-CHIP PELTIER COOLING
USING CURRENT PULSE “- 78-1-4244-5343-6/10/$26.00 IEEE (2010).

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