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Code No: A70434
R13
MODEL PAPER –I
MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations
CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B
Part A is compulsory which carriers 25 marks and Answer all questions.
Part B Consists of 5 SECTIONS (One SECTION for each UNIT). Answer FIVE Questions,
Choosing ONE Question from each SECTION and each Question carries 10 marks.

PART-A 25 Marks

1) a) Mention the elements of basic cellular systems. [2M]

b) What is interference and co-channel interference? [3M]
c) Comment on the lowering antenna height method in a valley. [2M]
d) What is channel combiner? [3M]
e) What are the three main types of point-to-point model? [2M]
f) Define space diversity technique. [3M]
g) What is meant by frequency management? [2M]
h) Define paging channel. [3M]
i) Draw a simple two-level handoff scheme diagram. [2M]
j) Define dropped call. [3M]

PART-B 50 Marks

2) a) What are the limitations of conventional mobile telephone system? Describe the various
Generations of wireless mobile communication?
b) What are the Main advantages and disadvantages of various cellular structures?
(OR)
3) a) What is the need of Frequency reuse? Prove that for a hexagonal geometry the co-
channel reuse ration is (3N) 1/2 where N=i2+ij+j2.
b) Determine the number of cells in cluster for the following values of the shift
Parameters I and j in a regular hexagon geometry pattern:
(i) i=2 and j=4 (ii) i=3 and j=3

4) a) What are the different interferences in cellular systems? Explain each with diagrams
b) Explain how a diversity receiver reduces the interference.
(OR)

5) Discuss in detail
a) The propagation in near distance
b) Long distance propagation
6) a) Explain the effects of human made structures for mobile propagation in open area .
b) What is mean by foliage? Explain Foliage loss.
(OR)
7) a) Explain the sum-and-difference patterns and their synthesis in detail.
b) Explain the design aspects and merits of an omni-directional antenna in cell site.
8) Describe the concept of frequency management concern to numbering the channels
and Grouping into the subset
(OR)
9) Explain the channel assignment to the cell sites based on the adjacent channels.

10) a) What are the various methods of delaying handoff? Explain briefly.
b) What is meant by dropped call? Explain the factors that influenced dropped call rate.
(OR)
11) What are the various handoff strategies based on algorithms of handoff? Explain in
detail.
Code No: A70434
R13
MODEL PAPER –II
MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations
CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B
Part A is compulsory which carriers 25 marks and Answer all questions.
Part B Consists of 5 SECTIONS (One SECTION for each UNIT). Answer FIVE Questions,
Choosing ONE Question from each SECTION and each Question carries 10 marks.

PART-A 25 Marks

1)
a) How voice quality can be tested. [2M]
b) What are advantages of frequency reuse? [3M]
c) Define co-channel interference. [2M]
d) What is known as near end-far-end interference? [3M]
e) Write a short note on signal reflections in a flat terrain. [2M]
f) Write short note on umbrella antenna pattern. [3M]
g) Define voice channel and SAT? [2M]
h) What is meant by fixed channel assignment? [3M]
i) What are the types of handoff? [2M]
j) Write short note on inter system handoff. [3M]

PART-B 50 Marks

2) a) Describe the principle of Operation of cellular mobile system and explain the
cellular Concept with neat diagram.
(OR)
3) a) What are the various components in a cellular system? Explain.
b) List the various techniques used to expand the capacity of a cellular system
4) a) How the interference is different from noise in cellular system? explain
b) What are the different types of interference for a cellular system in detail?
(OR)
5) a) Explain the types of non-co-channel interferences in cellular system.
b) Distinguish Co-channel interference and Non Co-channel interference.
6) a) Describe the form of a point to point model and explain its types.
b) Explain the mobile signal propagation over water and flat area
(OR)
7) a) What is known as directional antennas? Explain directional antennas for interference in detail.
 b) Explain space diversity antennas in detail.
8) What is the importantcnce of frequency management chart? Give the structure of
the channels in 800 MHz system with frequency ranges?
(OR)
9) Explain clearly different channel assignments and its importance in mobile
communications or in brief frequency management in mobile communications?

10) a)What is meant by handoff ?describe the classification of handoff process ?

b) What is meant by handoff initiation? Explain different methods of Handoff initiation
with suitable diagrams.
(OR)
11) a) Explain about the handoff and power control?
b) Explain about inter MSC Handoff?
Code No: A70434
R13
MODEL PAPER –III
MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations
CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B
Part A is compulsory which carriers 25 marks and Answer all questions.
Part B Consists of 5 SECTIONS (One SECTION for each UNIT). Answer FIVE Questions,
Choosing ONE Question from each SECTION and each Question carries 10 marks.

PART-A 25 Marks

1)
a) What is known as circuit merit? [2M]
b) Define cell splitting. [3M]
c) What are the types of diversity? [2M]
d) What is frequency-agile combiner? [3M]
e) Write the equation of effective antenna height gain. [2M]
f) What is known as abnormal antenna configuration? [3M]
g) Write short note on set-up channels. [2M]
h) Differentiate channel sharing and borrowing. [3M]
i) Define soft handoff. [2M]
j) What is a MAHO? [3M]

PART-B 50 Marks

2) a) Briefly describe the concept of mobile radio environment.

b) What are the advantages of digital cellular system over analog cellular system?
(OR)
3) a) Derive the desired C/I for a Normal case in an Omni directional antenna system
b) Explain about mobile fading characteristics.
4) a) What are the different types of Non co-channel interference in a cellular system? Explain
b) Explain the effects of antenna design Parameters for the interference in a cellular system
(OR)
5) a) Explain the co-channel interference reduction factor and derive the general formula for C/I.
b) What are the various techniques to measure CCI? Explain in detail
6) a) Explain the mobile radio propagation over water and flat open area and write the
general expression.
b) Describe the effect of antenna height in near and long distance mobile propagation.
(OR)
7) Explain
a) Umbrella pattern antenna.
b) Space diversity antennas.
8) Describe the grouping of the voice, set-up and paging channels.
(OR)
9) Explain in detail the fixed channel and non fixed channel assignment?
10) a) Explain different handoff strategies and its importance in different situations.
b) How to improve call drop rate.
(OR)
11) Write a short notes on
a) Forced Handoff
b) Inter System Handoff
Code No: A70434

R13
MODEL PAPER –IV
MALLA REDDY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
IV B.Tech I Semester Examinations
CELLULAR AND MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS
(Electronics & Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Note: This question paper contains two parts A and B
Part A is compulsory which carriers 25 marks and Answer all questions.
Part B Consists of 5 SECTIONS (One SECTION for each UNIT). Answer FIVE Questions,
Choosing ONE Question from each SECTION and each Question carries 10 marks.

PART-A 25 Marks

1)
a) Define fading effect. [2M]
b) What is meant by first-tier of interference? [3M]
c) If co-channel interference reduction factor q is 6 what will be the cluster site? [2M]
d) What is cross talk? [3M]
e) Draw the diagram of human made structures to find propagation path loss curve. [2M]
f) What is meant by difference pattern? [3M]
g) What is known as FOCC? [2M]
h) Define sectorization. [3M]
i) Comment on two-hand off level algorithm. [2M]
j) What is known as delaying handoff? [3M]

PART-B 50 Marks

2) a) What is the uniqueness of mobile radio environment?Explain.

b) Explain the significance of fading of fading in mobile environment.
(OR)
3) a) Explain Cell splitting and Concept of frequency channels
b) Explain co-channel interference with first tier and second tier example
4) a) Derive the expression for carrier to interference Ratio in a cellular system for a normal case
and worst case scenario with an Omni directional antenna.
b) Determine the minimum cluster size for a cellular system designed with an acceptable value of
C/I=18dB. Assume the path Loss exponent as 4 and co channel interference at the mobile unit from 6
equidistant cells in the first tier.
(OR)
5) a) Explain the causes for near to far end interference.
b) Mention different systems to reduce the interference.
6) a) Explain the effect of antenna pattern on the interference at the base station and mobile unit .
 b) Explain in detail about near and long distance mobile propagation
(OR)
7) a)Describe the various steps involved in finding antenna height gain in mobile environment
b) Explain umbrella pattern antenna and Omni-directional antennas in detail.
8) Write short notes on
a) channel sharing and barrowing
b) Fixed channel assignment
(OR)

9) What type of messages is received to the setup channels when mobile unit monitors strongest
signal strength?
10) a)Write notes on power difference handoffs
b) Explain a two level handoff scheme with suitable example
(OR)
11) a) What is meant by call drop? Explain and suggest methods to reduce call drop
rate. b) Write short notes on different types of hand off mechanisms.