12

Trends, Networks and Critical

Thinking in the 21st Century
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Dimensions of Democracy
Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21 st Century – Grade 12
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 2 – Module 1: Dimensions of Democracy
First Edition, 2020

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ownership over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Lucille C. Otañes
Editors: Rio S. Moreno, Rodel H. Catubay, Wilma A. Barcelona
Reviewers: Lorelie C. Salinas, Jay Sheen A. Molina
Illustrator: Mark Y. Garcia
Layout Artist: Ian Ceasar B. Sipe
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Ruth L. Estacio, PhD, CESO VI-Schools Division Superintendent
Carlos G. Susarno, PhD-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Johnny M. Sumugat – Subject Area Supervisor
Lalaine SJ. Manuntag, Ph.D.- CID Chief
Nelida A. Castillo, Ph.D- Division EPS In Charge of LRMS
Marichu Jean R. Dela Cruz, PSDS- ADM Coordinator
Sally A. Jabido – Subject Area Supervisor

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E-mail Address: [email protected]
 12
Trends, Networks and Critical
Thinking in the 21st Century
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Dimensions of Democracy
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Trends, Networks and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century/12
Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Dimensions of Democracy.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators
both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

ii
For the learner:
Welcome to the Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century/12
Self-Learning Module (SLM) on Dimensions of Democracy!
The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank

sentence/paragraph to be filled in to process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

iii
 Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your
level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

iv
 What I Need to Know

Hello dear students! Job well done in the previous module. Are you ready for the
next learning?

Philippines is a democratic country where the common good of the people is

important. Giving equal opportunities to express individual’s idea/opinion will help
to influence public decision making. In this module we will allow us to explore and
understand the concept of democracy and how citizen participation is important
influencing public decision making in for the betterment of our country.

The module is divided into four lessons, namely:

 Lesson 1 – Definition of Democracy
 Lesson 2 – Democratic Practices
 Lesson 3- Importance of Participation in Democracy
 Lesson 4- Participatory and Representative Democracy

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define democracy.
2. Discuss democracy.
3. Make own symbol of democracy.
4. Identify different democratic practices.
5. Discuss the different democratic practices.
6. Explain the importance of participation in democracy.
7. Analyze the importance of participation in democracy.
8. Define participatory democracy and representative democracy
9. Explain participatory democracy and representative democracy.
10. Differentiate participatory from representative democracy.

1
 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

_____1. A legal system where there are rules in how elections will be conducted and
how results are determined.
a. Majority rule
b. Voting
c. Minority rights
d. Private sector
_____2. A system of government where the people have the supreme power to
influence public affairs.
a. Majority rule
b. Private Sectors
c. Democracy
d. Equality
_____3. Which of the following is not a democratic practice in the Philippines?
a. Parliamentary System
b. Majority rule/minority right
c. Election
d. Civil Society
_____4. The primary source of political power is __________________.
a. people
b. laws
c. democracy
d. private sector
_____5. A written document defines how government works.
a. Parliamentary government
b. Constitution
c. Legal government
d. Dictatorial government
_____6. A society where individuals create a group or association with one common
interest.
a. civil society
b. organization
c. majority group
d. club
_____7. An individual participation of citizen directly in making policies and
concerning political aspects rather than electing representatives.
a. Representative democracy
b. Participatory democracy
c. Constitutional government
d. Democratic government

2
_____8. A system of government in which citizens vote for representative to make
Laws.
a. Representative democracy
b. Participatory democracy
c. Constitutional government
d. Democratic government
_____9. Which of the following is the importance of participation in democracy?
a. It creates chaos.
b. It establishes social classes
c. It protects the rights of the leaders
d. It protects the rights of the minority
_____10. How democracy helps the citizens?
a. It allows the citizen to be free from all.
b. It gives the citizen the opportunity to make decisions
c. It gives the citizen the basic needs
d. It makes the citizen a provider of all
_____11. What is the difference between participatory and representative
democracy?
a. In participatory democracy, citizens elect representatives while in
representative democracy, citizens directly make policies.
b. Participatory democracy gives citizens the freedom while representative
democracy creates a social class.
c. In participatory democracy, the leaders make laws while in representative
democracy, the leaders will impose the laws.
d. In participatory democracy, citizens directly make laws while in
representative democracy, citizens elect representatives to make laws
_____12. In democratic country why civil society was formed?
a. Because of the leaders who imposed it.
b. Because of election made by the people.
c. Because of economic activities.
d. Because the citizens establish a group/organization with common
interest.
_____13. Why does election important?
a. It protects the rights of every individual most especially the minorities.
b. It gives us the freedom to choose the best leaders that cares for our good.
c. It makes the citizens an opportunity to promote harmony.
d. It gives the leaders the opportunity to practice their rights.
_____14. Which of the following is the best example of practicing equal rights?
a. Leaders make law/policies.
b. Representatives make decisions
c. Citizens have a freedom to do whatever they want.
d. Free election
_____15. What is the advantage of Participatory democracy?
a. Participatory democracy allows individuals to express their rights.
b. Participatory democracy allows the citizen to do their freedom.
c. Participatory democracy allows all the citizens an opportunity to hear
their voices and suggestions in making decisions directly.
d. Participatory democracy gives the citizens an opportunity to influence the
public decision making using representatives.

3
Lesson

1 Definition of Democracy

Learning Objectives:
1. Define democracy;
2. Discuss democracy; and
3. Make own symbol of democracy.

What’s In

Hello everyone! How are you today? What have you noticed to our country? Do
we have a freedom? Are you practicing your rights as a Filipino?
As a democratic country, the people is the primary source of the political power
where the common good of the citizen is important. In this lesson let us
understand the definition of democracy being a democratic country.

Activity: LET’S MITIGATE!

List your personal contributions to mitigate climate change.

My Personal Contributions

4
 What’s New

Activity: PICTURE ANALYSIS

Processed Questions:
1. What can you say about the picture?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. How does the activity in the picture important?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. What does the picture depict?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
4. Why we need to practice that kind of activity shown in the picture?
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________

What is It

Definition of Democracy
Democracy
 a form of government in which the “rulers” are elected by the people.
 came from the greek word “demokratia” which means rule of the people. It
was coined from two words: “demos” that means “people” and “kratos” refers
to “power” that means in democracy the power is vested in the people.
 a political system where people have a voice and power to intervene in
government decisions.
 It is not only a form of government but it is associated with participation,
rights and freedom of the people in the country.

5
Some Main Points of Democracy

 Practicing the rights like right to vote and right in decision making
 There is freedom
 The primary source of political power is the common people
 There is a social equality and respect for the individuals
 Laws are made for the common good and for the progress of the country.

The Philippines is a democratic country where people the power to make decisions
for the common good. Filipinos are practicing their rights not only in political but
also in economic and socio-cultural aspects.

What’s More

LET’S DO IT!

Activity 1.1: TRUE OR FALSE

Identify if the following statement if true or false. Write your answer in the separate
sheet provided.

_____1. Democracy is a form of government where the leader has a total power to
make laws.
_____2. Government decision making can be influenced by the citizens in a
democratic community.
_____3. Democracy gives freedom to the people to violate the constitutions/laws.
_____4. Citizens have the right to participate in public affairs.
_____5. Leaders have the right to make laws without acknowledging the concerns of
the citizens.
_____6. The common good of the people is the primary concern in democracy.
_____7. Civil society is formed due to the command a leader.
_____8. Private entities are allowed in democratic countries.
_____9. Democracy gives the leaders a total freedom to rule without citizen’s
participation.
_____10. Majority rule can eliminate the rights of the individuals.

6
 What I Have Learned

Activity 1.2: IT’S DRILL TIME!

Using a W-H chart, write what you have learned about the lesson. Write your
answer on a separate sheet provided.

WHAT
WHO
WHEN
HOW
WHY

What I Can Do

Activity 1.3: LET’S DRAW IT!

Based from the lesson, draw your own symbol of democracy

Rubrics for Drawing

Category Descriptions Points Score

Content It shows the content of the 10

drawing

Creativity Clear and precise message of the 10

story. The creativity in formulating
a title.

Over-All Clean, organize, attractive and 5

Presentation vibrant appearance

Total 25

7
Lesson

2 Democratic Practices

Learning Objectives:
1. Identify different democratic practices in the Philippines; and
2. Discuss the different democratic practices in the Philippines.

What’s In

Activity: LET’S RECALL

Based from the previous lesson, write your ideas about democracy using a
graphic organizer.

Democracy

What’s New

Activity: PICTURE ANALYSIS

Analyze the pictures below.

8
Processed Questions:
1. What can you see in the pictures?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2.What have you observed about the pictures?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3. How are they related with one another?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

What is It

Different Democratic Practices

Democracy is about the people, it is about the rights and the voices of the people
who has a bigger part in making decisions of the government.
There are different democratic practices enjoyed by the democratic community like
the Philippines to express their rights and voice for the will of the people.

Here are some examples of preferred democratic practices in the Philippines.

Citizen Constituional
Voting sytem Participation Govenrment

Mojority
rule/minority Private Sectors Civil Society
right

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1. Voting system

 One of the most important democratic activity practiced on how

to elect government officials.
 It is a legal system where there are rules in how elections will
be conducted and how results are determined

2. Citizen participation

 Individuals have an opportunity to participate in any public

affairs
 Citizen participation can influence government decision making
process in making of laws, in economic activities and even in
socio-cultural activities.

3. Constitutional Government

 A type of government uses constitutions which is known as

laws or written document where it defines how government
works and that balances the power in executive, legislative and
executive branch
4. Majority rule/minority right

 Majority rule is a way of organizing a government where

citizens are free to make decision through votes. The minority
rights are the normal individual rights or the rights of the
minorities in a certain place.
 In a democratic country, votes are important in making
decisions where the majority votes will rule but there is no
elimination of minority rights or individual rights.
 The majority has the power to rule and also responsible to
protect the rights of the minority. It means that whatever the
rules will be imposed the rights of the minorities will still be
practiced.

5. Private sectors/enterprise

 Establishing of private enterprise or businesses is a product of

democracy. Citizens have the right to put up a business as long
private sectors follow the policies imposed by the government.
 In a democratic country, citizens have a right to make
businesses whether it is small or big enterprise.
6. Civil Society

 Establishing of civil organizations are visible in a democratic

country. It a type of organization/society establish by a group
of people with one common interest like establishing an
association of the drivers and union for laborers.

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 What’s More

LET’S DO IT!
Activity 1.1: IDENTIFICATION
Identification. Identify the democratic practices given. Write your answer on a
separate sheet provided.

__________1. Pedro participates in presidential election.

__________2. Aling Fe opened a sari-sari store in front of her house.
__________3. Laborers join in the labor union.
__________4. Sheila participates in SSG election in her school.
__________5. Mr. Sy opened a toy business in their city.
__________6. Jojo participated in the establishment of Tricycle Operators Driver
Association.
__________7. In Cristian area, the rights of the minorities where protected and
cannot be eliminated.
__________8. Ana participates in every school activity.
__________9. Their team participated in planning of clean and green program.
__________10. Jonathan joined in Rotaract Association.

What I Have Learned

Activity 1.2: IT’S DRILL TIME!

Read and analyze the situation. Answer what is asked based on the situation. Write
your answer on a separate sheet provided.

Ali is a Muslim student who studied in a catholic school. Even he’s a muslim, Ali
participated in every school activity. He participated in the SSG election, giving his
ideas to address issues and concerns in his classroom. He also joined an
organization in his school. He follows rules and regulations as long as his rights did
not eliminate as a muslim.
1. As a muslim, can Ali participate in a Christian community? How?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2. Does majority rule/minority right reflect in the situation? How can you say
so?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What democratic practices found in the situation?
___________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

11
 What I Can Do

Activity 1.3: STORY TIME!

Direction: Make a story showing different democratic practices.

Rubrics for Story Making

Category Descriptions Points Score

Content It shows the content of the story 10

Creativity Clear and precise message of the 10

story.

Over-All Clean, organize, attractive and 5

Presentation vibrant appearance

Total 25

12
Lesson
Importance of Participation
3 in Democracy

Learning Objectives:
1. Explain the importance of participation in democracy; and
2. Analyze the importance of participation in democracy.

What’s In

Activity: LET’S RECALL

Based from the previous lesson, what are the different democratic practices in the
Philippines?

13
 What’s New

Activity: PICTURE ANALYSIS

Analyze the given picture below.

Processed Questions:

1. What have you observed about the picture?

_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. As a student, can you relate the classroom setting in a real life situation?
How can you say so?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Why do the students give their suggestions or ideas in making policies in
their classroom?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Is it important to participate in making classroom policies? Why?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

What is It

Participation in Democracy
Democratic Participation is the involvement of the people in creating policies
and programs that serves the interest of the citizen and for the progress of all.

14
 Why participation important in democracy? This question will analyze that
citizen participation influence the government most especially in making laws to be
imposed for the progress of our country.

This kind of participation provides the individuals an opportunity to

influence public decisions for the interest of all. It also gives an equal opportunity
or chance to expressed thoughts, ideas and even feeling about a certain
issue/topic/situation.

Furthermore, participation in democracy also develops the self-confidence of

the people through expressing their ideas. It promotes a well-cooperative
community and creates harmonious relationships with one another. For example
during election, people are given a chance to select the best leaders they feel.
Participation is very important because it gives a way to choose the best ideas that
contribute for the betterment of our country.

What’s More

Activity 1.1: LET’S DO IT!

Identify some problems/issues/concerns in your classroom. After identifying the

problems, as part of your classroom give your suggestions to address the
problems/issues/concerns.

Problems/Issues/Concerns Suggestions

Processed Questions:

1.What did you feel after coming up with your own suggestions?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2.Do you feel empowered by giving your ideas about those issues in your
classroom?Why?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3.Do think that participating to your classroom’s concerns is the best thing to do?
Why?
_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

15
 What I Have Learned

IT’S DRILL TIME!

Activity 1.2: SHARE WHAT YOU’VE LEARNED

Using a graphic organizer, write the importance of participation based on what you
have learned from the lesson.

Participation
in Democracy

What I Can Do

Activity 1.3: LET’S PROPOSE IT!

Directions: 1. Make a policy proposal about a certain problem /issue in your
community/school. Your proposed policy could be in education, health,
environment or economy.

Policy Proposal

Rubrics in making policy proposal

Category Descriptions Points Score

Content It shows the content of the topic 10

Creativity Clear and precise message of the 10

proposed policy

Over-All Clean, organize, attractive and 5

Presentation vibrant appearance

TOTAL 25

16
Lesson
Participatory and
4 Representative Democracy
Learning Objectives:
1. Define participatory democracy and representative democracy;
2. Explain participatory democracy and representative democracy; and
3. Differentiate participatory from representative democracy.\

What’s In

Activity: FACT or BLUFF

Identify the following situations whether it is a fact or a bluff. Write your answer on
a separate sheet provided.

_____1. Participation provides harmonious relationship.

_____2. Citizens cannot influence the decision making of the government.
_____3. Leaders can make laws without citizen’s participation.
_____4. The trust of the people in the leaders cannot be shown in democratic
community.
_____5. People make decisions for their own interest.

What’s New

Activity: LET’S THINK!

Analyze the given pictures. The scenario of the both pictures are making policies.

17
Processed Questions:

1.What can you say about the pictures?

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
2. What have you observed in the pictures?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
3 How are the pictures differ from each other?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
4.What do you think is the prevailing theme of the two pictures?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

What is It

Participatory and Representative Democracy

Participatory Democracy
 is an individual participation of citizen directly in making
policies and concerning political aspects rather than electing
representatives.
 a kind of democracy in which individual has the power to
decide directly on the policies and politicians are responsible in
the implementation of those policies.

Representative Democracy
 a system of government in which citizens vote for
representative to make laws.
 a kind of democracy where people elect representatives to make
laws in behalf of the citizens.

In participatory democracy, people involve themselves in making policies or

laws where it is voted directly by the citizens. This law will be imposed by the
leaders.
In this type of democracy, everyone hears different sentiments and voices in
making policies. It gives an individual a chance to participate especially those from
rural community the opportunity to influence public decision making.
In representative democracy representatives like congressmen make laws for
the citizen. Citizens’ voice will be hearing through electing a representative or
leader in making policies for the common good.

18
 What’s More

Activity 1.1: LET’S DO IT!

Identify the following situation if it pertains to Participatory or Representative
Democracy. Write your answer on a separate sheet provided.

__________1. Being a leader, Jona asked for a suggestion from all members of her
class about the upcoming activity.
__________2. The CEO of a corporation held a meeting where the employees
expressed their concerns.
__________3. Congressman Jonas proposed a new ordinance in his community.
__________4. James regularly attends the monthly meeting with their mayor.
__________5. The president submitted the country’s protest against China about the
dispute island to the UN.
__________6. The SSG president proposed new policies in the school.
__________7. The grade XII-HUMSS students attended a meeting in behalf of all
grade twelve students.
__________8. All teachers regularly attend the monthly meeting for the improvement
of the school.
__________9. The manager attends meeting to expressed his concern about the
business.
_________10. The Grade XII-HUMSS students proposed some activities with the
teacher about their Christmas party.

What I Have Learned

IT’S DRILL TIME!

Activity 6: Let See the Difference!

Using a Venn Diagram, differentiate/distinguish the participatory from

representative democracy. Write your answer on a separate sheet provided.

Participatory Representative

19
 What I Can Do

Activity 1.3 POEM MAKING

Directions: 1. Make a poem showing/depicting the difference between participatory
and representative democracy.
2.The poem should have a title and must composed of at least two
paragraphs.

Rubrics in Poem making

Category Descriptions Points Score

Content It shows the content of the poem 10

Creativity Clear and precise message of the 10

poem

Over-All Clean, organize, attractive and 5

Presentation vibrant appearance

TOTAL 25

20
 Assessment

Multiple Choice. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.

_____1. Which of the following is not a democratic practice in the Philippines?
a. Parliamentary System
b. Majority rule/minority right
c. Election
d. Civil Society
_____2. An individual participation of citizen directly in making policies and
concerning political aspects rather than electing representatives.
a. Representative democracy
b. Participatory democracy
c. Constitutional government
d. Democratic government
_____3. A legal system where there are rules in how elections will be conducted and
how results are determined.
a. Majority rule
b. Voting
c. Minority rights
d. Private sector
_____4. A society where individuals create a group or association with one common
interest.
a. civil society
b. organization
c. majority group
d. club
_____5. The primary source of political power is __________________.
a. people
b. laws
c. democracy
d. private sector
_____6. A written document defines how government works.
a. Parliamentary government
b. Constitution
c. Legal government
d. Dictatorial government
_____7. A system of government in which citizens vote for representative to make
laws.
a. Representative democracy
b. Participatory democracy
c. Constitutional government
d. Democratic government

21
_____8. A system of government where the people have the supreme power to
influence public affairs.
a. Majority rule
b. Private Sectors
c. Democracy
d. Equality
_____9. Which of the following is the importance of participation in democracy?
a. It creates chaos.
b. It establishes social classes
c. It protects the rights of the leaders
d. It protects the rights of the minority
_____10. Why does election important?
a. It protects the rights of every individual most especially the minorities.
b. It gives us the freedom to choose the best leaders that cares for our good.
c. It makes the citizens an opportunity to promote harmony.
d. It gives the leaders the opportunity to practice their rights.
_____11. How democracy helps the citizens?
a. It allows the citizen to be free from all.
b. It gives the citizen the opportunity to make decisions
c. It gives the citizen the basic needs
d. It makes the citizen a provider of all
_____12. What is the difference between participatory and representative
democracy?
a. In participatory democracy, citizens elect representatives while in
representative democracy, citizens directly make policies.
b. Participatory democracy gives the citizens the freedom while
representative democracy creates a social class.
c. In participatory democracy, the leaders make laws while in representative
democracy, the leaders will impose the laws.
d. In participatory democracy, citizens directly make laws while in
representative democracy, citizens elect representatives to make laws
_____13. Which of the following is the best example of practicing equal rights?
a. Leaders make law/policies.
b. Representatives make decisions
c. Citizens have a freedom to do whatever they want.
d. Free election
_____14. What is the advantage of Participatory democracy?
a. Participatory democracy allows individuals to express their rights.
b. Participatory democracy allows the citizen to do their freedom.
c. Participatory democracy allows all the citizens an opportunity to hear
their voices and suggestions in making decisions directly.
d. Participatory democracy gives the citizens an opportunity to influence the
public decision making using representatives.
_____15. In democratic country why civil society was formed?
a. Because of the leaders who imposed it.
b. Because of election made by the people.
c. Because of economic activities.
d. Because the citizens establish a group/organization with common
interest.

22
 Additional Activities

A. As a student, how democracy will apply to your home? Cite some

democratic practices at your home.

B. In your own opinion, what is the best type of democracy should apply in the
Philippines? Is it Participatory Democracy or Representative Democracy?
Why?

23
 24
What's More
Lesson 1
True or False
1. False 6. True
2. True 7. False
3. False 8. True
4. True 9. False
5. False 10. False
Lesson 2
1.Voting System 6. Civil Society
2. Private Enterprise 7. Majority rule/minority rights
3. Civil Society 8. Citizen Participation
4. Voting System 9. Citizen Participation
5. Private Enterprise 10. Civil Society
Lesson 4
1. Participatory 6. Participatory
2. Participatory 7. Representative
3. Representative 8. Participatory
4. Participatory 9. Participatory
5. Representative 10. Participatory
What I Know Assessment
1. A 1. A
2. C 2. B
3. A 3. B
4. A 4. A
5. B 5. A
6. A 6. B
7. B 7. A
8. A 8. C
9. D 9. D
10. B 10.B
11. D 11.B
12. D 12.D
13. B 13.D
14. D 14.C
15. C 15.D
Answer Key
References
Web Sources

En.wikipedia.org. 2020. Democracy. [online] Available at:

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy> [Accessed 24 July 2020].

Slideshare.net. 2020. Concept Of Democracy. [online] Available at:

<https://www.slideshare.net/maheshjp05/concept-of-democracy> [Accessed 24
July 2020].
En.wikipedia.org. 2020. Electoral System. [online] Available at:
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electoral_system> [Accessed 24 July 2020].
Pages.uoregon.edu. 2020. The Theory Of Citizen Involvement. [online] Available at:
<https://pages.uoregon.edu/rgp/PPPM613/class10theory.htm#:~:text=Citizen%20
participation%20is%20a%20process,Greece%20and%20Colonial%20New%20Engla
nd> [Accessed 24 July 2020].
Study.com. 2020. [online] Available at:
<https://study.com/academy/lesson/types-of-constitutional-government.html>
[Accessed 24 July 2020].
020. [online] Available at: <https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-definition-of-
constitutional-government-What-are-some-examples-of-modern-nations-that-have-
one> [Accessed 24 July 2020].
Learningtogive.org. 2020. Majority Rule; Minority Rights | Learning To Give. [online]
Available at: <https://www.learningtogive.org/units/majority-rule-minority-rights>
[Accessed 24 July 2020].
Lawteacher.net. 2020. Majority Rule And Minority Rights. [online] Available at:
<https://www.lawteacher.net/free-law-essays/administrative-law/majority-rule-
and-minority-rights-administrative-law-essay.php> [Accessed 24 July 2020].
www.dictionary.com. 2020. Definition Of Participatory Democracy | Dictionary.Com.
[online] Available at: <https://www.dictionary.com/browse/participatory-
democracy> [Accessed 24 July 2020].
2020. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-government-and-civics/us-
gov-foundations/us-gov-types-of-democracy/a/types-of-democracy.
What's The Good And Bad Side Of Representative Democracy?". Thoughtco, 2020.
https://www.thoughtco.com/representative-democracy-definition-pros-cons-
4589561.

25
 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN with
the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal. Contents of
this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC).
This is a supplementary material to be used by all learners of region XII in all
public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The process of LR development was
observed in the production of this module. This is version 1.0. We highly encourage
feedback, comments, and recommendation.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: [email protected]