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Excretory System Notes

The document provides information about the excretory system and its role in removing waste from the body. It discusses the four main excretory systems - digestive, respiratory, skin and urinary systems. It focuses on the urinary system, describing the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood and remove waste substances to produce urine, which is then stored in the bladder and excreted through the urethra. The kidneys are vital for regulating water balance and the composition of bodily fluids to maintain homeostasis.

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Afesha Daniel
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49 views

Excretory System Notes

The document provides information about the excretory system and its role in removing waste from the body. It discusses the four main excretory systems - digestive, respiratory, skin and urinary systems. It focuses on the urinary system, describing the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. The kidneys filter the blood and remove waste substances to produce urine, which is then stored in the bladder and excreted through the urethra. The kidneys are vital for regulating water balance and the composition of bodily fluids to maintain homeostasis.

Uploaded by

Afesha Daniel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ms.

Jillian NathanielCSEC 4 & 5Physical Education and Sport

PHYSICAL EDUCATION and SPORT CSEC

FORM FOUR/FIVE EAST/WEST

ANNOTATION

TOPIC: Anatomy and Physiology

Excretory System

The Excretory System is the waste disposal system of the body. The function of the excretory

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system includes the following:-

1) Filters and eliminates waste.

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2) Regulates the water content of the body.
3) Regulates the salt of the body.

The structure and working of the Excretory System deal with how the body excretes through
these four systems: -
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 The digestive system which removes waste through the bowels.
 The respiratory system, which removes carbon dioxide from the lungs.
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 The skin system, which removes waste and other from the skin.
 The urinary system, which excretes urine.

The Urinary System consists of:


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1) Kidney
2) Ureters
3) Bladder
4) Urethra

The Kidneys are located on either side of the spinal column. If one kidney ceases to function, the
body is able to survive with the activity of the other. They are the fundamental organs of the
urinary system. They regulate the amount of water and minerals in the blood by producing urine
that carries away the waste the kidney discard.

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Ms. Jillian NathanielCSEC 4 & 5Physical Education and Sport

Kidneys keep the composition of the bodily fluids constant, regulate the pressure of the arteries
and produce important substances such as the precursor (a substance from which another is
formed especially by metabolic reaction) of vitamin D and erythropoietin (a glycoprotein
hormone secreted by the kidney which acts on stem cells of the bone marrow to stimulate red
blood cell production).

After oxygen, water is the second most important need of the body. Water makes up more than
half the body weight and accounts for about 90% of blood plasma. The kidneys control the
amount of fluid in the body.

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Inside the kidneys are millions of tiny nephrons which filter the blood. The kidneys remove
excess water, drugs, toxin and waste products such as urea, which together form urine.

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After the kidneys have produced urine, it is passed through tubes called the ureters to the bladder
which is a muscular sack acting as a storage tank for the urine. The urine passes out of the body
from the bladder through the urethra.
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Homeostasis is used to describe the constant state of the internal environment.
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