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Arkan Kovan Abdullah - Reoport Mr. Qusay Awwad - 1

This document describes a distance measurement system using an ultrasonic sensor and Arduino. It consists of three main parts: an ultrasonic sensor that sends and receives ultrasonic pulses, an Arduino microcontroller that processes pulse times, and a LCD display to output distances. The system works by sending ultrasonic pulses and measuring the time it takes for the echo to return, allowing the distance to an object to be calculated. Potential applications are listed as collision detection, agriculture vehicles, and mining equipment.

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Yasir Yasir Kovan
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47 views3 pages

Arkan Kovan Abdullah - Reoport Mr. Qusay Awwad - 1

This document describes a distance measurement system using an ultrasonic sensor and Arduino. It consists of three main parts: an ultrasonic sensor that sends and receives ultrasonic pulses, an Arduino microcontroller that processes pulse times, and a LCD display to output distances. The system works by sending ultrasonic pulses and measuring the time it takes for the echo to return, allowing the distance to an object to be calculated. Potential applications are listed as collision detection, agriculture vehicles, and mining equipment.

Uploaded by

Yasir Yasir Kovan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Distance Measurement

using Ultrasonic Sensor and


Arduino

Arkan Kovan Abdullah


SUPERVISED BY:
Mr. Qusay Awwad

TISHK INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY– TIU,


COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS.

May. 2022
I. INTRODUCTION 16 MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a power jack, an
ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains everything needed to
Today’s the developing world shows various adventures in every support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with
field. In each field the small requirements are very essential to a USB cable or power it with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to
develop big calculations. By using different sources we can get started.
modify it as our requirements and implement in various field. In
earlier days the measurements are generally occur through
measuring devices. But now a day’s digitalization as is on height.
Therefore we use a proper display unit for measurement of
distance. We can use sources such as sound waves which are
known as ultrasonic waves using ultrasonic sensors and convert
this sound wave for the measurement of various units such as
distance, speed. This technique of distance measurement using
ultrasonic in air includes continuous pulse echo method, a burst
of pulse is sent for transmission medium and is reflected by an
object kept at specific distance. The time taken for the sound
wave to propogate from transmitter to receiver is proportional to
the distance of the object. In this distance measurement system Figure.2. Pin diagram of arduino At Mega328
we had ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 interfaced with arduino
UnoR3. Programming and hardware part of ultrasonic sensor ULTRASONIC S ENSOR-SR04
interfacing with arduino UnoR3. It emits an ultrasound at 40 000 Hz which travels through the air
and if there is an object or obstacle on its path It will bounce
BLOCK DIAGRAM back to the module. Considering the travel time and the speed of
the sound you can calculate the distance.

Figure.1. block diagram

ARDUINO –AT MEGA328


The Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on
the ATmega328 (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output pins
(of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a
Figure.3. Ultrasonic sensor-sr04
LCD-16*2 Potentiometer
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display Potentiometer is a device used to measure the internal resistance
module and find a wide range of applications. A 16x2 LCD of a cell, to compare the e.m.f. of two cells and potential
display is very basic module and is very commonly used in difference across a resistor. It consists of a long wire of uniform
various devices and circuits. These modules are preferred cross sectional area and of 10 m in length. The material of wire
over seven segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons should have a high resistivity and low temperature coefficient.
being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have no The wires are stretched parallel to each other on a wooden
limitation of displaying special & even custom characters (unlike board. The wires are joined in series by using thick copper strips.
in seven segments), animations and so on. A metre scale is also attached on the wooden board. It works on
the principle that when a constant current flows through a wire of
A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters per line and uniform cross sectional area, potential difference between its two
there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each character is displayed in points is directly proportional to the length of the wire between
5x7 pixe l matrix. This LCD has two registers, namely, Command the two points.
and Data.
II. CONCLUS ION

Distance measurement using ultrasonic sensor and arduino


consist of a transmitter part of ultrasonic module units ultrasonic
high frequency waves in the form of polices after collision of
these wares with any object, these wares detected by microphone
time taken by these wares from transmitter and receiver is used
to measure distance from any object. We had used a ultrasonic
sensor module of HC-SR04, because this ultrasonic module is
initiated with pulse of 10us The distance from any object is
calculated from.

Distance =speed*time

The human audible range can be converted measure the distance


Figure.4. LCD 16*2 precisely manner.

BATTERY-9V/12V III. FUT URE SCOPE


5V regulated power supply is required for both arduino and
ultrasonic sensor and is obtained from 12V rechargeable Li-Ion I. New prototyping hardware & capatibility & interfacing with
battery. 5V DC is achieved by voltage regulator 7805. other consumer elatrone/tv/smartphones & flooding of shields .

II. Mining equepments may require where entail.

III.Acready compatible with many major simulation software


like MATLAB & lab view, we may see even move flexible
programming environment & development option

IV.Using temp. Compensation, it can be used over wide temp


range.

V.Height meausrment, agriculture velide, collision /protection


can be other application.

IV. REFERENCES

[1]. “ Basic c ircuit Analysis” by k.v.v murthy

[2]. Digital circuit /Digital Integrated Budronies “by H.Taub D


.schilling

[3]. “Transduces & instrumentation”(sensory by D.V.S mothy,

Figure.5.B attery-9 v/12 v

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