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Spatial Analysis of Hospitalized Dengue Patients in Cabanatuan City: Demographics and Risk

This study employed spatial pattern analysis of a prospective dengue epidemic in one of the cities in Nueva Ecija Philippines – Cabanatuan City. It aims to give strategic information for the dengue management effort in the face of constrained capacity. The researchers examined the demographic pattern of dengue cases to add to the knowledge needed for successful policy-making. Weekly records of dengue cases from multiple Disease Reporting Units (DRU) in Cabanatuan City were gathered as the databa

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
56 views11 pages

Spatial Analysis of Hospitalized Dengue Patients in Cabanatuan City: Demographics and Risk

This study employed spatial pattern analysis of a prospective dengue epidemic in one of the cities in Nueva Ecija Philippines – Cabanatuan City. It aims to give strategic information for the dengue management effort in the face of constrained capacity. The researchers examined the demographic pattern of dengue cases to add to the knowledge needed for successful policy-making. Weekly records of dengue cases from multiple Disease Reporting Units (DRU) in Cabanatuan City were gathered as the databa

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IJAERS JOURNAL
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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research

and Science (IJAERS)


Peer-Reviewed Journal
ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O)
Vol-9, Issue-4; Apr, 2022
Journal Home Page Available: https://ijaers.com/
Article DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.94.29

Spatial Analysis of Hospitalized Dengue Patients in


Cabanatuan City: Demographics and Risk
Ronald S. Santos1, Gilbert M. Tumibay, Ph.D.2
1Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Philippines
Email: [email protected], [email protected]
2Angeles University Foundation, Angeles City, Philippines
Email : gibo.tumibay@gmail,com

Received: 18 Mar 2022, Abstract— This study employed spatial pattern analysis of a
Received in revised form: 18 Apr 2022, prospective dengue epidemic in one of the cities in Nueva Ecija
Philippines – Cabanatuan City. It aims to give strategic information
Accepted: 24 Apr 2022,
for the dengue management effort in the face of constrained
Available online: 30 Apr 2022 capacity. The researchers examined the demographic pattern of
©2022 The Author(s). Published by AI Publication. dengue cases to add to the knowledge needed for successful policy-
This is an open access article under the CC BY making. Weekly records of dengue cases from multiple Disease
license Reporting Units (DRU) in Cabanatuan City were gathered as the
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). database. This includes barangay, sex, age, and DRU types from
Keywords— Dengue, Spatial Analysis, Spatial January 2014 to December 2018. Each recorded dengue fever
Pattern, GIS, Cabanatuan City. patient’s barangay was geocoded to map and clustered. This
research found a substantial correlation between reported incidents
and particular demographic groupings among male, age 10-14,
mostly admitted in a government hospitals and weeks 28 to 42 where
the virus transmission is high. Furthermore, the dynamic growth of
the aggregation of disease incidence (hotspots) for dengue patients
in Cabanatuan City was displayed using spatial analysis utilizing
geographic information system (GIS). It is hoped that the research
results shall provide strategic information for dengue control
program planning and design.

I. INTRODUCTION rates of severe dengue to below 1 percent. But if not treated,


Mosquito had been a well-known transmitter of this may lead to severe dengue - the Dengue Hemorrhagic
disease. The most dangerous is the malaria which according Fever (DHF). This disease could cost one’s life. Modelling
to World Health Organization’s (WHO) latest world malaria estimates show that 400 million dengue virus infections
report, there were an estimated 241 million malaria cases occur each year, with 96 million of these manifesting
and 627,000 malaria deaths worldwide in 2020 [1] [2] [3]. clinically [6]. According to another study on the prevalence
Despite the fact that mosquitoes are responsible for many of dengue, 3.9 billion people are at risk of infection with
malaria deaths, there were more dengue cases around the dengue viruses. Despite the fact that there is a risk of
world, and there is no specific treatment for dengue/severe infection in 129 countries, Asia bears 70% of the actual
dengue [4] [5]. But early identification of illness burden [7].
development associated with severe dengue, and Dengue is an acute viral infection transmitted
availability to adequate medical care decreases mortality through a bite of a dengue-carrying mosquito. It has four (4)

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Santos et al. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(4)-2022

virus types: DENV 1, DENV 2, DENV 3 and DENV 4. moderate symptoms, it can sometimes produce a severe, flu-
Dengue mosquitoes are usually in dark places and they like sickness that affects newborns, young children, and
breed in clear stagnant water. The metamorphosis from adults but rarely results in death. After an incubation period
larvae to mosquito usually takes 10-12 days. Dengue of 4–10 days following a bite from an infected mosquito,
carrying mosquitoes are “day biters” and frequents 2 hours symptoms normally last for 2–7 days [19]. WHO classified
before the sun sets. Humans are infected with the virus by dengue fever into two categories: mild dengue (with or
the bites of infected female mosquitos, typically the Aedes without warning signals) and severe dengue. The
aegypti mosquito. Other Aedes species can also operate as categorization of dengue with or without warning signals is
vectors, although their contribution is secondary to that of intended to assist health practitioners in triaging patients for
Aedes aegypti. Dengue can be life threatening when not hospital admission, guaranteeing close surveillance, and
managed early. Persons experiencing any of these reducing the risk of developing more severe dengue.
symptoms: high fever, skin flushing, bleeding, nausea and The overall worrisome increase in dengue case
vomiting must seek immediate medical attention [8]. counts over the last two decades can be attributed in part to
In 2019, 27 countries reported 4,363 cases of a shift in national methods for recording and reporting
dengue, of which 4,020 were confirmed. The number of incidents to Department of Health and the WHO. Hence, the
cases in 2019 was almost double that for 2018, reflecting need for a systematic reporting of dengue illness cases.
the intense circulation of the virus on a global scale. When effective vector control methods are in place, dengue
“Dengue is endemic primarily in urban and semi-urban prevention and management can be done properly. In
tropical or subtropical regions of the world.” [9] [10] This addition, vector control efforts can significantly improve if
means that it is frequently available case in that specific long-term community engagement will be established [20].
area. According to Bilal Tariq 2007, Dengue mosquito- Between 2014 – 2018, the highest cases of dengue
borne disease is becoming a serious public health problem in the whole province of Nueva Ecija were recorded in
worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical areas, and Cabanatuan City [21]. But due to lack of effective
dengue fever is among the main mosquito-borne diseases in monitoring method the incidence estimates or reporting
addition to malaria [11]. may be erroneous since there is no mechanism available to
The dengue virus replicates in the mosquito midgut closely monitor these incidences; hence, this study.
after feeding on a DENV-infected individual before This study aims to use spatial analysis to identify
spreading to secondary tissues such as the salivary glands the dengue-affected barangays in Cabanatuan City
[12] [13]. When the ambient temperature is between 25 and particularly in the year 2014 – 2018. In addition, it is also
28°C, the extrinsic incubation period (EIP) takes roughly 8- hoped that through this study, medical health practitioners
12 days [14]. Variations in the extrinsic incubation period will be able to characterize and identify the profile of
are determined not only by ambient temperature, but also by dengue-prone individuals in the city.
a variety of parameters such as the amplitude of daily
temperature swings, virus genotype, and starting viral
concentration. Once infected, the mosquito may transmit II. OBJECTIVES
virus for the remainder of its life [15] [16]. With the use of Spatial Analysis, the researchers
As regards the transmission of the virus, mosquito aim to identify the barangays in Cabanatuan City where
vectors are the principal method of transmission between highest number of dengue cases are recorded in the last 5
people. However, there is evidence of the possibility of years, 2014 -2018. With these data, they can identify
maternal transfer (from a pregnant mother to her baby). statistically significant spatial clusters of high value
While vertical transmission rates appear to be modest, the phenomena and put red alert status on barangays where
risk of vertical transmission appears to be associated with dengue outbreaks are identified. This will help them in
the time of the dengue infection during pregnancy. When a developing a more efficient health policies and possible
mother has a DENV infection while pregnant, her infants intervention that can help prevent or limit the number of
may experience pre-term delivery, low birthweight, and dengue cases in the city. Likewise, this study will
fetal distress [17] [18]. characterize demographic data of people affected by
Dengue Fever.
On the other hand, only a few cases of transmission
by blood products, organ donation, and transfusions have
been documented. Transovarial transmission of the virus III. LITERATURE REVIEW
within mosquitoes has also been documented. While the
According to the Bill Gate’s Informatics (2014),
majority of dengue infections are asymptomatic or have
the deadliest animal is the mosquito. This is from the point

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Santos et al. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(4)-2022

of view on the data gather on the number of people that were On the other hand, the article written by Miguel
killed by an animal per year. There are about 600,000 Prudencio in 2020 dubbed as “In fairness to Mosquitoes”
recorded deaths brought about by the virus transferred by reported that it is not the mosquitoes that kill people
mosquito. Such diseases are malaria, dengue, yellow fever directly; but it was the multiple diseases that they transmit.
or Japanese encephalitis, Zika virus, chikungunya and west He further states that a mosquito bite may include pain,
nile to name a few. There are more than 2,500 species of itchiness and discomfort but no deaths were being reported.
mosquitoes thriving in every region of the world except He also emphasizes that data on human-to-human
Antarctica [22]. transmission of fatal infections such as TB, AIDS,
coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19), and other
infectious illnesses should be added to the list of murderers,
Malaria cases are brought by anopheles’
and it would almost certainly be the unchallenged leader in
mosquitoes. For dengue virus Aedes Aegypti and Aedes
any list of killers [26].
Albopictus mosquitoes are the assailant. The former are
more aggressive and only female bites because they need it In the Philippines, the compendium of dengue
to lay their eggs [23]. monthly report of the Department of Health (DOH) from
2014-2018, show that the highest dengue cases reported was
From the article of Rachel Nuwer (2014), she
in the year 2016 where 1,021 out of 208,805 cases are
stated that “…mosquitoes kill more humans than humans’
reported as morbidity. The Table 1 below shows the
murderers do”. Many people would assume the creature that
complete information of the reported dengue cases. It is also
they most afraid with would be snake, wild animals like lion
noteworthy to mention, that in Region III where the research
or tiger or right out in the amazon - the crocodile or
locale is situated, highest dengue cases for 2 years, 2015 and
anacondas. But data show that the recorded 475,000 people
2018, were recorded. While it ranked 2nd in the year 2014
being murdered by other people from car accident to
and 2017 [27].
robbery was topped by 725,000 number of deaths caused by
mosquito virus [24] [25]. Table 1. Dengue cases and deaths in the Philippines

Fig.1. Mosquito (Aedes Aegypti)

In addition to the significant information presented


above, the Philippine Health Agenda of 2016 – 2022
recognizes that dengue is one of the prevalent
communicable diseases in the country as shown in figure 3
below [28].

Fig.3. Department of Health Agenda of 2016-2022

IV. METHODS
Fig.2. Bill Gates Infographics [8] Using the shapefile of the Map of the Philippines,

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downloaded from namria website, together with their Philippines situated in the province of Nueva Ecija. It has a
respective codes, the data were joined via barangay name. population of 327,325 people, making it the most populous
This done to map the counts of the admitted dengue patients. city in the province and the fifth-most populous city in the
From the dengue case per barangay, the whole Central Luzon [29].
researchers inserted additional column to append the According to the 2020 census, Cabanatuan, is a
barangay code on the shapefile of the barangay boundary in first-class component city comprising of 89 barangays, with
the Philippines. These codes were later on combined its own charter granted by Republic Act No. 526, and serves
polygon shapefile available in the namria website. as Nueva Ecija's principal commercial, educational,
Typically, it is done by joining a table of data to a dataset medical, and entertainment center. (Cabanatuan LGU City
by a field value found in both tables. In this case, the Official Website, n.d.). It is also recognized as the business
barangay code is utilized. The researchers made used of capital of the province. And dubbed as the “Tricycle capital
barangay Campo Tinio, as an example. They coded this of the Philippines” were 30,000 registered motorized
barangay as PH034903022. Upon successful join, with no tricycles and has become the source of livelihood of over
usual error, like the name of barangay San Juan Pob. 10,000 families [30].
(Acofa) and Aduas Centro (Aduas) to San Joan Pob.
(ACCFA) and Aduas Centro shows in Figure below. In
symbology, graduated color can be assigned to the polygon,
like red for most extreme value to blue for a lesser value and
clear or white for no value. Assignment of colors was based
on count of attributes that fall inside the polygon or its
equivalent value.

Fig.5. Locator Map [31]


Figure 5 above shows the location map of Nueva
Ecija highlighting the research locale, the city of
Cabanatuan.

Data Source
Data gathered on weekly monitoring report of
admitted patients diagnosed with Dengue Fever (DF) from
January 2014 to December 2018 (5-year dengue data) were
Fig.4. Shows the joined data via barangay code in ArcMap
obtained from Cabanatuan City Health Office sourced from
The researchers also labelled the he names of the the 89 barangays in Cabanatuan City. Data show that there
barangays occupying the top three (3) range per year so that were 4,532 reported DF cases in this city for that period
the names would not overlap and that the value or count of alone. The report also includes the demographic data of DF
the incidence will be shown up in the label inside the infection categorized by gender, age group, and the Disease
parenthesis. Reporting Unit (DRU). The DRU Category was classified
In addition, the dengue case data were also as follows: hospital; City Health Office (CHO); City
processed in a geo-spatial program called ArcMap. This is Epidemiological and Surveillance Unit (CESU); or Rural
performed to identify and classify the data that were Health Unit (RHU) where DF infected patients were
collected. These data include the frequency of admitted admitted.
patients, gender mostly prone to the dengue virus (DENV), To plot the collected data, the researchers made use
age bracket reported to have high admission to hospitals, of the ArcMap application. The ArcMap is the centerpiece
and weeks with notably high count of DENV reflected on of Esri's ArcGIS family of geospatial processing products,
the 5-year data the researchers had analyzed. and it is primarily used to view, modify, produce, and
Locale of the Study analyze geographic data [32]. The 4,532 dengue cases of
admitted patients are plotted per year. It enables the
Cabanatuan City is a first-class city in the
researchers to examine data inside a data collection,

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Santos et al. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(4)-2022

represent features, and generate maps accordingly. Pantabangan; one each in Cabanatuan City, Gapan City,
Cabiao and Gabaldon. With the growing dengue cases with
1,576 as of July 10, 2020, Cabanatuan had the most number
Data Models in GIS
with 171 [34].
Spatial Analysis
This research uses spatial analysis often known as
ARCMAP on dengue cases
locational analysis. It is a sort of geographical analysis that
aims to explain patterns of human behavior and its spatial In 2014, with the dengue cases with a value greater
expression in terms of mathematics and geometry. It aims than 7 were highlighted. The researchers were able to easily
to explain patterns of human behavior and its spatial identify that the barangay Magsaysay district had around 33
expression in terms of mathematics and geometry. dengue cases throughout the aforementioned year. On the
other hand, it was seen in the map that in 2015 barangay
Caalibangbangan (84), Campo Tinio (61) and Magsaysay
District (54) were the areas with the highest number of
hospitalized patients. The map showing the 2016 data
reveals that barangay Macatbong has 31 dengue cases
indicated by a red color.
In 2017, the map depicts the following data:
barangay Caalibangbangan (22), Aduas Norte (23), Bagong
Sikat (26), Bantug Norte (24), Suamcab Norte (19), Bangad
(22), Campo Tinio (24) and Barrera District (Pob) (20). And
in 2018, the map shows whopping 127 dengue patients
admitted were from barangay San Juan Pob. (Accfa). This
Fig.6. Vector and Raster Data in GIS [33] report calls the attention of the medical experts to
On the data sets of dengue cases investigate the matter and to devise ways to determine the
Table 2 shows the distributed admitted patients of classification/s of mosquitos infesting the residents of the
dengue virus in Cabanatuan City. They were subdivided per said barangay and determine the causes of such huge
year from 2014 to 2018 and distributed per barangay around increase of reported cases.
the City of Cabanatuan. Figure 7 in the next page shows the resulting map
Statistical Analysis of Data created in ArcMap from the admitted patients with dengue
cases in Cabanatuan City between January 2014 to
GIS software was used to evaluate and analyze the December 2018.
spatial data collected for this study.
On the 22nd August 2018, the Epidemiology
The barangay shapefiles were obtained from the Bureau (EB) of the DOH received an Event-based
namria website. They are in the vector data storage format Surveillance and Response (ESR) report on Dengue
for recording geographic features' position, shape, and Outbreak in 36 cases in Barangay San Juan ACCFA,
attributes. These information were obtained via the Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija. On 3rd September of the
Philippine Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response same year, the Field Epidemiology Training Program
(PIDSR) program utilized at the City Health Office and is (FETP) team was sent to the area with the following
monitored by the Provincial Health Office. objectives: 1) to verify the diagnosis; 2) to determine the
ArcGIS 10.6 (also known as ArcGIS Desktop), an existence of an outbreak; 3) to identify the source and mode
Esri GIS software, was used to map the dengue cases of of transmission; 4) to identify risk factors; and 5) to
admitted patients from 2014 to 2018. recommend control and preventive measures [35].
Figure 8 shows the distribution of dengue cases per
V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION gender. It shows that in year 2016, most of the dengue case
admitted where male and that female are impervious.
Dengue has been a very important public health
problem in the Philippines. In 2019, there had been a report
of 8 deaths in Nueva Ecija; two each in San Jose City and

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Dengue 2014
Barangay Count
. Dengue 2015
Barangay Count
0-6
.
0-3 MAYAPYAP NORTE(33)
7 - 13
4-7
14 - 22 CAALIBANGBANGAN(84)
8 - 13 CAALIBANGBANGAN(12) DAANG SARILE(31)
DAANG SARILE(11) 23 - 45
14 - 23 VALDEFUENTE(9) PANGATIAN(11)
46 - 84 ADUAS CENTRO (ADUAS)(27) BITAS(34) BANGAD(39)
24 - 33 CINCO-CINCO(11) ADUAS NORTE(9) BITAS(16) BANGAD(8) BANTUG NORTE(37)
ADUAS CENTRO (ADUAS)(11) BANTUG NORTE(19) SAN ISIDRO(25)
SAN JOSEF NORTE(30) CAMPO TINIO(61)
CAMPO TINIO(12) KAPITAN PEPE (POB.)(45) MAGSAYSAY DISTRICT(54)
KAPITAN PEPE (POB.)(23) MAGSAYSAY DISTRICT(33)
IMELDA DISTRICT(25) MABINI HOMESITE(25)
SAN JOSEF NORTE(19) MAGSAYSAY SOUTH(8)
SAN JOSEF SUR(25)
SAN JOSEF SUR(11) DIONISIO S. GARCIA(24)
DIONISIO S. GARCIA(12)
SAN JUAN POB. (ACCFA)(27) PATALAC(28)
SAN JUAN POB. (ACCFA)(10) BAKOD BAYAN(16)
SANTA ARCADIA(33)
SUMACAB SOUTH(17) SUMACAB SOUTH(25)
SUMACAB ESTE(9)

Miles Miles
0 0.5 1 2 3 4 0 0.5 1 2 3 4

Dengue 2016
Barangay Count
0-3 DALAMPANG(16)
BALITE(11)
. Dengue 2017
Barangay Count BULIRAN(16) .
0-3
4-7 MAYAPYAP NORTE(8)
4-7 BAGONG SIKAT(26)
8 - 12 CAALIBANGBANGAN(10) CABU(11)
8 - 12 CAALIBANGBANGAN(22)
DAANG SARILE(17)
13 - 22 13 - 17
VALDEFUENTE(11)
PAGAS(14)
23 - 31 ADUAS CENTRO (ADUAS)(8) ADUAS SUR(14) BANGAD(15) MACATBONG(31) 18 - 26 ADUAS NORTE(23) BITAS(14)
CINCO-CINCO(13) BANGAD(22)
BANTUG NORTE(8) BANTUG NORTE(24)
SAN JOSEF NORTE(11) CAMPO TINIO(11) CAMPO TINIO(24)
KAPITAN PEPE (POB.)(20) MAGSAYSAY DISTRICT(9) KAPITAN PEPE (POB.)(14)
MABINI HOMESITE(11) BARRERA DISTRICT (POB.)(20)
SAN JOSEF SUR(12) SAN JOSEF SUR(14)
DIONISIO S. GARCIA(9)
SAN JUAN POB. (ACCFA)(17)
HERMOGENES C. CONCEPCION, SR.(9) BAKOD BAYAN(9) SUMACAB NORTE(19)
SANTA ARCADIA(12)

Miles Miles
0 0.5 1 2 3 4 0 0.5 1 2 3 4

Dengue 2018
Barangay Count
0-7
BULIRAN(18) .
8 - 17

18 - 31 CAALIBANGBANGAN(19)
CRUZ ROJA(22)
32 - 47 DAANG SARILE(22)
ADUAS CENTRO (ADUAS)(25)
48 - 127 ADUAS NORTE(28) BANGAD(29)
PAMALDAN(31) BANTUG NORTE(19)
SAN ISIDRO(26)
CAMPO TINIO(42)
KAPITAN PEPE (POB.)(47) MAGSAYSAY DISTRICT(27)

TALIPAPA(28) MABINI HOMESITE(21) VALLE CRUZ(19)


KALIKID SUR(20)
SAN JOSEF SUR(41) DIONISIO S. GARCIA(33)
SUMACAB NORTE(45) SAN JUAN POB. (ACCFA)(127) BAKOD BAYAN(28)

SUMACAB SOUTH(41)

Miles
0 0.5 1 2 3 4

Fig.7. Dengue Cases for the year 2014 to 2018

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Santos et al. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(4)-2022

Fig.8. Graph categorized the patients by gender Fig.10. Graph showing the Dengue Case categorized by
DRU

Figure 9 shows the distribution of dengue cases as


regards age. Findings show that most dengue case admitted Figure 11 presents the dengue cases admitted in
in the year 2018 are between ages 10-14 years old, 314 different health facilities distributed on a weekly basis. Data
patients. This was followed by the age bracket 15-19 in shows that dengue cases shoot up from week 28 to week 42.
2015 at 255 cases. Generally, the graph shows that This occurs between the months of July to October. This is
individuals belonging to 5-24 years old are prone to DENV the period where rainy season is expected to commence.
infections.

Fig.11. Graph showing the distribution of dengue patients


according to weeks

Fig.9. Graph categorized the patients by age bracket VI. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Using a ranking method and choosing the top 10
barangays per year from 2014 to 2108, Barangay Kapitan
Figure 10 shows the distribution of DRU all over
Pepe (Pob.) and Campo Tinio showed up 4 times in a
Cabanatuan City. These DRUs include the following health
consecutive manner. While Barangay Bantug Norte,
units: City Health Office, rural health office situated in
Calibangbangan and Bangad showed up 3 times. It is
some barangays, and private hospitals such as Wesleyan
noteworthy to mention that barangay Bangad also appeared
University General Hospitals and Cardiovascular Center,
in 3 consecutive years namely 2015 to 2017.
Nueva Ecija Good Samaritan Health Care System Inc,
Premiere Medical Center, Immaculate Conception Medical The highest cases being recorded is at Barangay
Center of Central Luzon Inc, Nueva Ecija Doctors Hospital San Juan Pob. (ACCFA) with 127 admitted patients in year
Inc. Government hospitals were included, these are: E.L. 2018 alone. Capturing of mosquitoes were done to test the
Joson Memorial Hospital, Dr. Paulino J. Garcia Memorial virus outbreak in the locality. City Health Office officials
Research and Medical Center and M.V. Gallego attest that reason for the outbreak was due to the frequent
Cabanatuan City General Hospital. tropical storm during that year and since the barangay is in
a low-lying area, uncollected garbage and accumulated
The graph shows that the health centers or units
waters on container are some of the possible causes of
with highest admission rate is the Government DRU.
mosquito reproduction. This also calls for a close
monitoring of the situation. Netting mosquito to check what
type they are and identifying which among the barangays
needed the control and prevention the most.

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Santos et al. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(4)-2022

In terms of Demographic information, results City Health Office, the City Planning Office of Cabanatuan,
indicated that majority of the Dengue cases are males except and the Philippine Statistics Authority-Nueva Ecija for their
for 2016 where the female were more susceptible. As valuable contribution in the success of this study.
regards, age bracket patients from 10 to14 years old is at
314 followed by those belonging to 15-19 with 255 in the
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
year 2018 and 2015, respectively. Additionally, most of the
dengue patients decided to be admitted to public hospitals. The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the
The occurrence of dengue cases accrues in weeks 28 to 42 publication of this paper.
which can be explained by the start of the rainy season.
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Table 2. Dengue Case distributed by year and per barangay (2014-2018)

Dengue Cases
Barangay
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Total
1. Aduas Centro 11 27 8 9 25 80
2. Aduas Norte 9 17 6 23 28 83
3. Aduas Sur 7 16 14 6 22 65
4. Bagong Buhay 0 0 1 0 2 3
5. Bagong Sikat 0 16 4 26 11 57
6. Bakero 4 8 4 9 9 34
7. Bakod Bayan 16 12 9 12 28 77
8. Balite 3 10 11 2 2 28
9. Bangad 8 39 15 22 29 113
10. Bantug Bulalo 2 24 3 5 7 41
11. Bantug Norte 19 37 8 24 19 107
12. Barlis 2 7 6 2 1 18
13. Barrera District (Pob.) 11 29 22 20 21 103
14. Bernardo District (Pob.) 7 1 4 6 3 21
15. Bitas 16 34 4 14 16 84
16. Bonifacio District (Pob.) 10 14 5 6 24 59
17. Buliran 5 10 2 16 18 51
18. Caalibangbangan 12 84 10 22 19 147
19. Cabu 6 12 11 5 5 39
20. Calawagan (Kalawagan) 1 5 2 10 7 25
21. Campo Tinio 12 61 11 24 42 150
22. Caridad 4 8 2 1 10 25
23. Caudillo 2 4 0 1 7 14
24. Cinco-Cinco 11 9 2 13 10 45
25. City Supermarket (Pob.) 0 2 0 0 0 2
26. Communal 1 0 1 1 2 5
27. Cruz Roja 2 12 7 4 22 47
28. Daang Sarile 11 31 17 11 22 92
29. Dalampang 5 6 16 1 4 32
30. Dicarma (Pob.) 9 7 8 14 9 47
31. Dimasalang (Pob.) 3 6 5 5 5 24
32. Dionisio S. Garcia 12 24 9 8 33 86
33. Fatima (Pob.) 0 4 0 2 4 10
34. General Luna (Pob.) 7 11 7 3 14 42
35. Hermogenes C. Concepcion, Sr. 7 20 9 11 11 58
36. Ibabao Bana 6 7 2 3 17 35
37. Imelda District 13 25 4 11 37 90
38. Isla (Pob.) 3 2 1 0 6 12
39. Kalikid Norte 3 15 7 12 1 38
40. Kalikid Sur 3 8 5 6 20 42
41. Kapitan Pepe (Pob.) 23 45 20 14 47 149
42. Lagare 4 6 3 6 12 31
43. Lourdes (Matungal-tungal) 5 20 6 0 12 43
44. M.S. Garcia 10 32 17 9 29 97
45. Mabini Extension 6 22 5 7 16 56
46. Mabini Homesite 7 25 11 11 21 75
47. Macatbong 2 3 31 11 4 51

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Santos et al. International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, 9(4)-2022

48. Magsaysay District 33 54 9 9 27 132


49. Magsaysay South 8 0 0 3 15 26
50. Maria Theresa 2 4 1 5 1 13
51. Matadero (Pob.) 2 4 2 3 6 17
52. Mayapyap Norte 7 33 8 3 6 57
53. Mayapyap Sur 5 13 3 6 14 41
54. Melojavilla (Pob.) 1 0 0 1 6 8
55. Nabao (Pob.) 0 6 1 4 4 15
56. Obrero 2 8 2 2 5 19
57. Padre Burgos (Pob.) 4 13 0 3 3 23
58. Padre Crisostomo 8 7 6 3 14 38
59. Pagas 5 7 14 7 11 44
60. Palagay 2 7 5 2 9 25
61. Pamaldan 7 12 3 11 31 64
62. Pangatian 11 10 3 4 6 34
63. Patalac 0 28 2 1 4 35
64. Polilio 2 4 1 7 12 26
65. Pula 2 12 6 1 15 36
66. Quezon District (Pob.) 7 14 4 2 10 37
67. Rizdelis (Pob.) 2 6 2 2 4 16
68. Samon 0 12 0 1 8 21
69. San Isidro 7 25 3 10 26 71
70. San Josef Norte 19 30 11 12 33 105
71. San Josef Sur 11 25 12 14 41 103
72. San Juan Pob. (Accfa) 10 27 6 17 127 187
73. San Roque Norte 3 7 5 3 9 27
74. San Roque Sur 1 4 3 11 13 32
75. Sanbermicristi (Pob.) 6 3 1 6 8 24
76. Sangitan 4 26 4 4 9 47
77. Sangitan East 2 11 3 4 5 25
78. Santa Arcadia 7 33 12 4 16 72
79. Santo Niño 2 3 2 3 10 20
80. Sapang 1 1 7 0 4 13
81. Sumacab Este 9 18 3 11 17 58
82. Sumacab Norte 7 12 5 19 45 88
83. Sumacab South 17 25 4 7 41 94
84. Talipapa 2 3 0 1 28 34
85. Valdefuente 9 19 11 8 10 57
86. Valle Cruz 6 15 7 2 19 50
87. Vijandre District (Pob.) 1 5 2 1 9 18
88. Villa Ofelia-Caridad 5 8 5 4 2 24
89. Zulueta District (Pob.) 4 7 4 3 5 23
TOTAL 563 1, 378 537 653 1,401 4,532

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