NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

(An Autonomous College under VTU, Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade)
Bengaluru-562164, Karnataka, India

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

An Internship Report On
“QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE”
Submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
CIVIL ENGINEERING
Submitted by
DILIP L (1NC17CV035)
Internship Carried Out At
CHIKKABALLAPUR MEDICAL COLLEGE SITE
Arur village, chikkaballapur District -562101

Guide
Mr. Srikanth
Project Manager

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGNIEERING

NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous College under VTU, Accredited by NAAC with “A” Grade)
Mudugurki (V), Venkatagirikote (P), Devanahalli (T), Bengaluru-562164.

2021-22

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 NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous College under VTU, Accredited by NAAC with
“A” Grade)Bengaluru-562164, Karnataka, India

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This to certify that Dilip L bearing USN 1NC17CV035 have successfully completed the
Technical Internship Report on QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE
towards the partial fulfillment of VII Semester, Bachelor of Engineering in Civil Engineering of
Nagarajuna College of Engineering and Technology, an autonomous institution under Visveswaraiah
Technological University, Belagavi, during the academic year 2021-2022.

Signature of Guide Signature of the HOD Signature of the Principal

Mr. Manohar D R Dr. Ramesh P S Dr. B V Ravishankar
Assistant Professor Prof. & Head of Department principal
Dept of civil Engg Dept. Of civil Engg NCET

Name of Examiners Signature with Date

1.
2.

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 NAGARJUNA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &
TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous College under VTU, Accredited by NAAC with
“A” Grade)Bengaluru-562164, Karnataka, India

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

I DILIP L bearing USN 1NC17CV035 VI semester BE student of Nagarajuna College of

Engineering and Technology , hereby declare that I have completed an internship program on
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE, Chickballapur district during
academic year 2021-2022. The information submitted is true and original to the best of our
knowledge.

Signature of the Student

DILIP L

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am very much thankful to STAR INFRATECH COMPANY, for providing me an opportunity

to undertake my VII semester internship training on the proposal QUANTITY CONTROL
AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE, Chickballapur District 562101

I would like to thank Dr. Ramesh P S, Professor and HOD, Department of Civil Engineering, In Nagarajuna
College of Engineering and Technology and all the department staff, Friends for giving their precious time
and valuable guidance during my Internship program.

I would like thank Mr. SRIKANTH , Project Manager for his guidance and encouragement on
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE throughout the period in various
ways of the completion of my Internship training.

Place: Aroor Village

Chickballapur district DILIP L

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 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The internship report is broad spectrum contains five chapter in which I try to explain my 4
weeks experience in my hosting organization. The content of all chapters is broadly explained
and the report prepared from the practical experience of work during the internship program.
In the opening chapter I gave the details of the background and brief history including its board
organization structure, role and ongoing projects. In second chapter i explained about different
types of Departments in the construction Field. In the third chapter I explained overall tasks and
the details of project during my internship training; Fourth chapter is about Reflection Notes and
Outcomes about the Internship,

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 CONTENTS
1. COMPANY PROFILE
 History

 Projects

2. ABOUT THE COMPANY

3. PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANT

4. QUANTITY SURVEYOR

5. QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE ENGINEER

6. TYPICAL TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION

7. SHUTTRING AND CENTERING

8. QUANTITY SURVEYING
9. QUANTITIES ESTIMATION

10. CHEMICALS USED ON SITE

11. MATERIAL AND TESTING

CONCRETE
 Compression test
 Slum cone test
Cement
 Fineness test
 Consistency test
 Initital and final setting time
12. AGGREGATES TESTS

13. BRICK TEST

14. BRICK ESTIMATION

15. PLASTERING

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INTRODUCTION
COMPANY PROFILE

HISTORY
Star infratech is formerly known as star builders, it is established in 2003, star infratech
has made a name for itself in the list of top service providers in India. Star infratech is
listed in trade India’s list of verified companies offering wide array. Star infratech
specializes in offering Commercial building construction service etc.

MISSION
 To build a strong future ensuring increased returns to stakeholders.
 To adopt latest technologies in development, operation and maintenance of the
projects.
 To encourage innovation, professional integrity, up gradation of knowledge and
skills of employees and a safe working environment.

VISION
 To build a world class infrastructure enterprise committed to quality, timely
completion, customer satisfaction, continuous learning and enhancement of
stakeholder’s value.

MAJOR PROJECTS HANDLED

 Multi level car parking- APMC, Bengaluru
 KRDCL Office, Bengaluru
 District hospital, Mysuru
 Veterinary hospital, Puttur
 National Highway, Sira
 Guest House, Mangaluru
 450 beds teaching hospital, Chamarajanagar
 Arch at jayapura, Mysuru

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 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22

MEDICAL COLLEGE CHIKKABALLAPUR

 Location: Arur village, chikkaballapur
 Total site area: 60 Acres
 No of Blocks: 7
 Academic block
 Teaching Hospital block
 Dean and principal block
 Boys hostel
 Girls hostel
 Teaching and non-teaching staff quarters
 Construction cost around 600 crores

Figure 1.. Proposed model of CMC

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ABOUT THE DEPARTMENT

DEPARTMENTS IN CONSTRUCTION FIELD
DIRECTOR/C.E.O

VICE PRESIDENT

GENERAL MANAGER

ASSISTANT GENERAL MANAGERS

PROJECT MANAGERS

ASSISTANT PROJECT MANAGERS

SENIOR ENGINEERS

ASSISTANT ENGINEERS

QUANTITY SURVEYOR SITE SUPERVISORS

GRADUATE ENGINEER TRAINEEE

Flow chart1: Department hierarchy

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 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22

PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY

This package gives a turnkey solution for project management grossly comprises of
major verticals like progress control, quantity survey, contract management, quality
monitoring, cost management and the safety measures serving from design phase to
post construction phase. In this, we deploy necessary qualified engineering
professionals at works to ensure all scopes are executed effectively.

QUANTITY SURVEYOR

A quantity surveyor manages all costs relating to building and civil engineering projects,
from the initial calculations to the final figures. Surveyors seek to minimise the costs of
a project and enhance value for money, while still achieving the required standards and
quality. Many of these are specified by statutory building regulations, which thesurveyor
needs to understand and adhere.
A quantity surveyor may work for either the client or the contractor, working in an office
or on site. They are involved in a project from the start, preparing estimates and costs of
the work. When the project is in progress, quantity surveyors keep track of any variations
to the contract that may affect costs and create reports to show profitability. The title of
the job may also be referred to as a construction cost consultant or commercial manager.

Typical work activities:

Responsibilities vary depending on the nature and stage of the project being worked on,
but can include:
 Preparing tender and contract documents, including bills of quantities with the
architect and/or the clients.
 Undertaking cost analysis for repair and maintenance project work.
 Assisting in establishing a client's requirements and undertaking feasibility
studies.
 Performing risk, value management and cost control.
 Advising on procurement strategy.
 Identifying, analyzing and developing responses to commercial risks;
 Preparing and analyzing costing for tenders;
 Allocating work to subcontractors;
 Providing advice on contractual claims;

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 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22

2.2 QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE ENGINEER

Quality Assurance and Quality Control are extremely important aspects of any
engineering or construction project without which successful completion of the project
can’t be imagined. In fact, these two are integral parts of virtually any project one can
think of. Proper implementation of Quality Assurance and Quality Control not only
results in a sound project but also leads to more economy by means of optimisation.
Quality control includes all those tasks or activities performed in ground as per the
quality guidelines or framework prescribed in the Quality assurance documents such as
Project Quality Plan (PQP) or Quality Assurance Plan (QAP), Inspection Test Plans
(ITPs), Job Procedures (JPs), Project Specifications etc. in order to ascertain that the
quality targets as laid down in the QA documents are actually achieved in a systematic
manner as suggested in these documents. The quality documents generated while
performing these tasks are Quality Control documents or QC documents.

Typical work activities:

 Perform all daily inspection and test of the scope and character necessary to
achieve the quality of construction required in the drawings and specifications
for all works under the contract performed ON or OFF site.
 Cary out inspection and checking for all quality related procedures in the site
and ensures activity at site are as per approved method statement and inspection
test plan.

 Coordinate with the consultant’s representative and Site En-charge for

inspection and meeting about quality problems including closure of Non-
Compliance Report.
 Report to the QA/QC Manager, control and monitor all activities related to
Quality Management System, QMS.
 Taking care of QA/QC documents of the entire project including certificates,
calibration, test results, inspection requests, non-compliance reports and site
instruction/ observations, permanent materials delivered and other QA/QC
documents.
 Responsible for closure of Non-conformance, NCR and Site Instruction, SI.
 Responsible in the quality and workmanship of every activities, thorough
knowledge of all phases of engineering construction relating to Civil,
Architectural and Structural discipline interfacing the multidisciplinary

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operations.
 Develop method statement for the activity including risk assessment and job
safety environmental analysis and Inspection Test Plan and Checklist based on
specifications of the project.
 Carry out Internal Audit at site as scheduled in the Project Quality Plan, PQP.

TYPICAL TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION

 Raft
 Retaining wall
 Columns
 Plinth
 Slab

Raft foundation: Essentially large plan area foundations built either solidly or in cellular form. They may
be employed for lightly loaded structures on soft natural ground or on other ground where weak zones
exist. In this case the raft is designed to span across such zones with tolerable bearing pressures and
acceptable settlements.
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Retaining wall: Retaining walls are vertical or near-vertical structures designed to retain material on one
side, preventing it from collapsing or slipping or preventing erosion. They provide support to terrain where
the soil’s angle of repose is exceeded and it would otherwise collapse into a more natural form.

Plinth: A plinth is a base or platform that supports a plinth, column, or structure. Structurally, the plinth
distributes weight and pressure down evenly across a column across a wider space.

Slab: A concrete slab is a common structural element of modern buildings, consisting of a flat, horizontal
surface made of cast concrete. Steel-reinforcement slabs, typically between 100 and 500 mm thick, are
most often used to construct floors and ceilings, while thinner mud slabs may be used for exterior paving

Slab reinforcement before concreting

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Slab after concreting

SHUTTERING
Shuttering is also known as formwork in which the temporary arrangement is made to
bring concrete in desired shape. Shuttering is calculated area wise such as length x depth
or breadth x depth. Shuttering is provided for columns, pedestals, footings, raft, slab etc.
for bottom shuttering you have to calculate Length x breadth.

CENTRING
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22
Centring, centering, or center is a type of formwork: the temporary structure upon which the
stones of an arch or vault are laid during construction. Until the keystone is inserted an arch has no
strength and needs the centring to keep the voussoirs in their correct relative positions.

STAIR CASE
“A Stair is a system of steps by which people and objects may pass from one level of a building to
another.”
A stair is to be designed to span a large vertical distance by dividing it into smaller vertical distances,
called steps.

flight: A series of steps between different levels or storeys of a building

landing: An area of floor at the top of or between flights of stairs for changing direction in the stairs &
providing a resting place between long flights of stairs.
Tread - The part of the step that is stepped on.
Riser - The vertical portion of the step between steps.
Nosing - An edge part of the tread that extends from the riser beneath.
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22
QUANTITY SURVEYING
From quantity surveying you can learn the following
 How to find the quantities of the foundation, columns, beams, slab, staircase.
 How to find material like cement, sand, aggregates and bricks.
 Bar bending schedule of structural drawings.
 Will learn how to create B.O.Q of project.
 Complete material statement in excel.
 Identifying, analyzing and developing responses to commercial risks;

MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATION OF QUANTITIES

Preparation of detailed estimate consists of working out the quantities of different items
of work, the whole work is divided into different items of work such as earth work,
concrete, brick work etc. and the items are classified and grouped under different sub-
heads, and details of each item of work are taken out and quantities under each item are
computed in prescribed form.
QUANTITIES ESTIMATION

1. Estimation of steel and concrete for

 Raft
 Retaining wall
 Columns
 Plinth
 Slab

RAFT CONCRETE QUANTITY:

Steps for calculating concrete quantity of raft:

Step 1: In the excel create table.

Step 2: Add description of item.
Step 3: From the drawing count number of footings.

Step 4: From the reference of drawing mention length, breadth and depth in respective
raft
Step 5: Add general formula of the quantity. Similarly, you can find footing Pcc concrete quantity.
Concrete quantity is calculated in cubic meters.
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 Estimation of concrete

Length*breath*depth

RAFT STELL QUANTITIY

Steps for calculating steel quantity of raft
Step 1: In the excel create table.
Step 2: Add description of item.
Step 3: From the drawing count number of rods.
Step 4: From the reference of drawing mention length, breadth and depth in respective
raft.
Step 5: Add general formula of the quantity.

 Estimation of steel
D^2/162.2* L * No of bars
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BAR BENDING SCHEDULE FOR COLUMN

Bar bending schedule of column is different from beams
 In this Commercial building they are used 32mm,25mm,20mm, 16mm,
10mm & 8mm steel bars.
 From the drawing measure the height, length and breadth of the column.
 Take down cross section given in the drawing.
 Know the clear cover give in the drawing.
 Then number of vertical bar are noted in excel.
 Enter the diameter of the bar
 Calculate number of members and bars.
 Calculate cutting using the formula or we can calculate it by measuring directly
from AutoCAD.
 In this column stirrups are different from beams and it is also called as rings.
 Clear cover should be subtracted from the cutting length.
 And also we should subtract the bending length.
 To calculate bend deduction length of bar we will use this following standards:
For 450 bend = 1 x d
For 900 bend = 2 x d
For 1350 bend = 3 x d
For 1800 bend = 4 x d

BAR BENDING SCHEDULE

Bar bending schedule provides the reinforcement details and calculation for reinforced
concrete beam. It provides the details of reinforcement of cutting length, type of bends
and bend length as per structure drawings. For each member separate BBS is prepared
because bars are bend in various shapes depending on shape of the member.
Before calculating the quantities of steel you should understand the concept of
structural drawing and study the drawing.
 Standard length of the steel bar (bars are sold at standard length) is 12 m.
 Weight of the bar for length 1 m is D2/162 (where D= dia of bar
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22

CHEMICALS USED ON SITE

 Nitobond EP
 Lokfix p

 NITOBOND EP
Product Specification

Grade Standard Chemical Grade

Packaging Type Box

Brand Nitobond

Type Epoxy Based

Packaging Size 4 LTR,1 LTR

Product Description

Nitobond EP is based on solvent free epoxy resins containing pigments and fi ne fillers. It is supplied as a
two part material in pre weighed quantities for ready onsite mixing and use.
Advantages
 More overlay time
 Enables to place the concrete upto 6 hrs after applying Nitobond EP, without risk of delamination.
 High bond strength.
 Bond strength is more than the tensile strength of good quality concrete.
 MOQ: 3/PER 4 LTR
Packaging Size
 Available in 1/2, 1 and 4 litre industrial packs.
Coverage
 Approximately 2.6 m2 /litre.
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22

 LOKFIX P

Product Specification

Make/Brand FOSROC

Packaging Type packet

Color white

Brand FOSROC

Minimum Order Quantity 10 Unit

Product Description

A. What is FOSROC LOKFIX P?

Lokfix is a two-component polyester resin anchoring grout, meeting the requirements of BS EN 1504-6:
Anchoring of reinforced steel bars.
Supplied in pre-measured quantities, the material cures quickly to give consistent, high performance
anchorages.
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2021-22

Lokfix P : Thixotropic grade, 25 minute gel at 20°C for use in overhead or horizontal holes where the hole
is up to 25 mm greater in diameter than the bar. The thixotropic nature of Lokfix P reduces flow of grout
out of the hole.
 Rapid strength gain.
 Vibration resistant.
 Corrosion resistant.
 Non-expansive.

 Can be placed underwater

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

TESTS CONDUCTED ON CONCRETE IN SITE

What is Grade of Concrete?

Grade of concrete denotes its strength required for construction. For example, M30 grade
signifies that compressive strength required for construction is 30MPa. The first letter in grade
“M” is the mix and 30 is the required strength in MPa. .
Based on various lab tests, grade of concrete is presented in Mix Proportions. For example,
for M30 grade, the mix proportion can be 1:1:2, where 1 is the ratio of cement, 1 is the ratio of
sand and 2 is the ratio of coarse aggregate based on volume or weight of materials.
The strength is measured with concrete cube or cylinders by civil engineers at construction
site. Cube or cylinders are made during casting of structural member and after hardening it is cured
for 28 days. Then compressive strength test is conducted to find the strength.

 Compression test
 Slum cone test
Compression test: Compression testing is one of the most fundamental types of mechanical testing,
alongside tensile and flexion tests. Compression tests are used to determine a material’s behavior under
applied crushing loads, and are typically conducted by applying compressive pressure to a test specimen
(usually of either a cuboid or cylindrical geometry) using platens or specialized fixtures on a universal
testing machine. During the test, various properties of the material are calculated and plotted as a stress-
strain diagram which is used to determine qualities such as elastic limit, proportional limit, yield
point, yield strength, and, for some materials, compressive strength.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

Slum cone test

Slump test shows an indication of the uniformity of concrete in different batches. The shape of the
concrete slumps shows the information on the workability and quality of concrete.

 True Slump – True slump is the only slump that can be measured in the test. The measurement is
taken between the top of the cone and the top of the concrete after the cone has been removed as
shown in figure-1.
 Zero Slump – Zero slump is the indication of very low water-cement ratio, which results in dry
mixes. These type of concrete is generally used for road construction.
 Collapsed Slump – This is an indication that the water-cement ratio is too high, i.e. concrete mix is
too wet or it is a high workability mix, for which a slump test is not appropriate.
 Shear Slump – The shear slump indicates that the result is incomplete, and concrete to be retested.

TEST CONDUCTED ON CEMENT

 Fineness test

 Consistency test

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21
 Initital and final setting time

FINENESS TEST

Fineness of cement can be calculated by using air permeability method or by using sedimentation
method or from particle size analysis (sieve analysis). Sieve analysis (dry sieving) measures the
cement particle size whereas air permeability method and sedimentation method measures
specific surface area of cement. Here we have explained about particle size analysis (sieve
analysis) of cement.

The fineness of cement by sieve analysis is measured by sieving it on standard sieve. The
proportion of the sample of cement of which the grain sizes are larger than the specified mesh
size is thus determined.
The size of sieve used in finding fineness of cement is 90 μ IS sieve with pan as per IS: 460 (Part 1 and 3):
1985

It comprises a firm, durable, non-corrodible, cylindrical frame of 150 mm to 200 mm nominal diameter
and 40 mm to 100 mm depth, fitted with 90 pm mesh sieve cloth of woven stainless steel, or other
abrasion-resisting and non-corrodible metal wire.
IS Code for Fineness of Cement Test by Sieve Analysis:-
 IS: 4031 Part-1 (1996): For determination of fineness of cement.

INITIAL AND FINAL SETTING TIME TEST

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21
Initial setting time is regarded as the time elapsed between the moments that the water is added to the
cement to the time that the paste starts losing its plasticity and the hardening of the cement starts. It is the
time within which the cement can be molded in any desired shape without losing its strength.

The final setting time is the time elapsed between the moment when water is added to the cement and the
time when the paste has completely lost its plasticity and has attained the sufficient firmness to resist
certain and definite pressure. This is the time taken for the cement paste to becomes hard and attain the
shape of the mould in which it is cast.

Determination of Initial Setting Time and Final Setting Time of Cement as per IS: 4031 (Part 5)-
1988

TEST CONDUCTED ON AGGREGATE

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU
QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

 Sieve analysis
 Flakiness index
 Elongation index
SIEVE ANALYSIS

Sieve analysis helps to determine the particle size distribution of the coarse and fine aggregates. This is
done by sieving the aggregates as per IS: 2386 (Part I) – 1963. In this we use different sieves as
standardized by the IS code and then pass aggregates through them and thus collect different sized particles
left over different sieves.

The apparatus used are –

i) A set of IS Sieves of sizes – 80mm, 63mm, 50mm, 40mm,31.5mm, 25mm, 20mm, 16mm, 12.5mm,
10mm, 6.3mm,4.75mm, 3.35mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600µm, 300µm, 150µm and 75µm.
ii) Balance or scale with an accuracy to measure 0.1 percent of the weight of the test sample.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

TEST CONDUCTED ON FINE AGGREGATE

 Sieve analysis of fine aggregates (M-sand)

 Sieve analysis of fine aggregates(sand for plastering)
 Field density test

SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AGGREGATES

Sieve analysis of fine aggregates is one of the most important tests performed on-site. Aggregates are inert
materials that are mixed with binding materials such as cement or lime for the manufacturing of mortar or
concrete. It is also used as fillers in mortar and concrete. Aggregates size varies from several inches to the
size of the smallest grain of sand. The Aggregates(fine + coarse) generally occupy 60% to 75% of the
concrete volume or 70% to 85% by mass and strongly influence the concrete’s freshly mixed and hardened
properties, mixture proportions, and economy. All Aggregates pass IS 4.75 mm sieve is classified as fine
Aggregates.

All aggregate technicians use the sieve analysis (gradation test) to determines the gradation (the particle
size distribution, by size, within a given sample) in order to determine compliance with design, production
control requirements, and verification specifications. Used in conjunction with other tests, the sieve
analysis is very good to control and quality acceptance tool.

Objectives:
The whole procedure of sieve analysis is to determine the particle size distribution of the fine aggregates
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU
 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21
and determine whether it is suitable to use in concrete mixing.

Test Equipment
A series of IS sieves
4.75 mm
2.36 mm
1.18 mm
600 mic
300 mic
150 mic
75 mic

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

QUANTITY ESTIMATION OF BRICK WORK

From the obtained quantities we can calculate the number of bricks for this will use the
standard formula i.e.
No of brick in 1 cum = volume of 1 brick / volume of bricks with mortar. Note: We also
have to deduct the doors and windows to get accurate quantity. From the section or
elevation, we can know the height of the building.
Brick used on site was red brick, AAC block
Red brick size = 19*9*9*

AAC BLOCK

AAC brick size = 600*230*200

Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is a lightweight, precast, foam concrete building material suitable for
producing concrete masonry unit (CMU) like blocks. Composed of quartz sand, calcined gypsum, lime,
cement, water and aluminum powder, AAC products are cured under heat and pressure in an autoclave
AAC block adhesive of M15

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

Classification and Characteristics of Bricks as per IS 1077-1973

Tests for the acceptance of bricks for building construction are:

1. Compressive strength test

2. Water absorption test
3. Efflorescence test

Compressive Strength Test on Bricks

The compressive strength of a common brick should be 50 kg/sq.cm

Water Absorption Test on Bricks

If the water absorption capacity of a brick is more, its strength will be comparatively low. For first
class bricks, the water absorption capacity should not be more than 20% by weight.

Efflorescence Test on Bricks

This test is performed to know the presence of any alkaline matter in the bricks.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21
The various types of bonds generally used in brick masonry are

1. Stretcher bond
2. Header bond
3. English bond and
4. Flemish bond

STRETCHER BOND
A stretcher is the longer face of the brick as seen in the elevation. In the brick of size 190 mm × 90 mm ×
90 mm, 190 mm × 90 mm face is the stretcher. In stretcher bond masonry all the bricks are arranged in
stretcher courses . However care should be taken to break vertical joints. This type of construction is useful
for the construction half brick thick partition wall.
HEADER BOND
A header is the shorter face of the brick as seen in the elevation. In a standard brick it is 90 mm × 90 mm
face. In header bond brick masonry all the bricks are arranged in the header courses as shown in Fig-2.
This type of bond is useful for the construction of one brick thick walls.
ENGLISH BOND
In this alternate courses consist of headers and stretchers. This is considered to be the strongest bond.
Hence it is commonly used bond for the walls of all thicknesses. To break continuity of vertical joints a
brick is cut lengthwise into two halves and used in the beginning and end of a wall after first header. This
is called queen closer. shows typical one brick and one and half brick thick wall with English bond.
FLEMISH BOND
In this type of bond each course comprises of alternate header and stretcher . Alternate courses start with
stretcher and header. To break the vertical joints queen closers are required, if a course starts with header.
Every header is centrally supported on the stretcher below it.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

PLASTERING

Plastering is a process of covering tough surfaces and uneven surfaces with plastic material called plaster
or mortar to obtain even, smooth, regular, clean & durable surface
Plastering work is a thin layer of mortar, applied over the masonry and it acts as a damp-proof coat over
the brick masonry work. Plastering work also provides a finished surface over the masonry that is firm and
smooth hence it enhances the appearance of the building.
Let’s learn the plastering work procedure in easy 5 steps:
1) Preparation of surface area.
2) Making of plaster mix
3) Applying base coat
4) Applying the final coat.
5) Precautions & tips
IS Code for used for plastering work:
Indian standards (BIS codes)
IS 1661 : 1972 (reaffirmed 2001) : Code of practice for application of cement & cement-lime plaster
finishes.
IS 1542 : 1992 (reaffirmed 2003) : Sand for plaster
IS 1489 for portland pozzolona cement.
IS 8112 for grade 43 OPC.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

 QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

Quantity calculation for plastering work:

I will tell you the easiest way to estimate the quantity of cement & sand by taking a sample of 10sq.m area
of the wall with a thickness of 12mm.
The cement sand ratio for mortar will be 1:4 Note:(you can take any ratio from 1:3 to 1:6, according to
your requirements)
Wet Volume of plaster= Area x thickness.
= 10sq.mx.012= 0.12cum.
( Note: 0.12 is thickness 12/ 100)
As you know dry volume of plaster is 33 percent greater than wet volume
Required mortar for Dry volume=1.33 x wet volume
=1.33 x 0.12 = 0.1596cu.m.
The volume of cement and sand required:
Mix ratio: 1:4
Cement volume: 1/5×0.1596 = 0.03192 cu.m
Sand volume: 4/5×0.1596 = 0.12768 cu.m
Quantity calculation:
Cement bags= 0.03192 x 1440(cement density)
=45.96 kgs
Sand = 0.12768 x 35.28 = 4.504 cu.ft or 204 kgs

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

SITE OBSERVATIONS:
ABOUT CONCRETE:
 Cement : RAMCO OPC 43..
 Course Aggregate 1 : 20mm Crushed Stone.
 Course Aggregate 2 : 12mm Crushed Stone.
 Fine Aggregate : Manufactured Sand.
 Water : Portable.
 Admixture : CAC.
 CODE : IS 10262.

REINFORCEMENT:

 All reinforcement used in the work shall conform to IS:1786 with Fe=550N/Sqmm
and will in the form of Deformed Bars, TMT Bars. This shall be indicated in the
reinforcement details as “T”.
 Reinforcement bars shall conform accurately to the dimensions shown on relevant
drawings and to IS-2502.
 Contractor shall submit bars bending schedule for the record of clients and obtaining
their approval.

STEEL:
 TMT Bars.

-Grade Fe 550
Diameter 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 16mm, 20mm, 25mm, 32mm

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

SAFETY DEPARTMENT

 General Safety Rules

 Safe procedures for various works

 Fire Prevention & Control

 Occupational Health

 Emergency Preparedness & Response System

 Personal Protective Equipment

 Material Safety Data Sheet

 Checklists

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

REFLECTION NOTES
The Visvesvaraya technological university included internship in academic syllabus of post
graduation given an exposure to the real world of working experience rather than just a
theoretical knowledge. The exposure to the company environment for duration of 16 weeks
was a good experience which helped us to know working environment and exposure to the
higher knowledge level in many different ways. There are several different experiences to
students because of internship depending on the field of working. It is a good experience to
learn from each individuals in different departments of the company.

TECHNICAL OUTCOMES OF THE INTERNSHIP

Some of the key aspects experienced and learnt are listed below:
 Visual observation of the activities as per drawing and design.
 Studying of the structural drawings.
 Learning of preparation of the bar bending schedule.
 Learened how to calculate the quantities of concrete, shuttering, steel and
brick work.
 Preparation of daily project report at site office.
 Observed quality control tests.
 Comprehended the significance of safety concerns in the construction
project site.
 Understood the importance of activities of construction, operations and
maintenance.
 Enrichment of sound mathematical and technical skills.

Also got to know about:

1. How the organization works.
2. Requirements of an company.
3. Man power management.
4. Resource management.
5. Flow of materials.
6. Cost analysis

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU

QUANTITY CONTROL AND QUANTITY ASSURANCE 2020-21

SOME OF NON-TECHNICAL SKILLS LEARNT

 Situational awareness:
Attention to detail, Overall awareness, Maintain concentration, Retain information
(during shift),Anticipation of risk.
 Conscientiousness:
Systematic and thorough approach, Checking, Positive attitude towards rules and
procedures.
 Communication:
Listening (people not stimuli),Clarity, Assertiveness, Sharing information.
 Decision making and action:
Effective decisions, Timely decisions, Diagnosing and solving, Problems.
 Cooperation and working with others:
Considering others’ needs, Supporting others, Treating others with respect, Dealing
with conflict /aggressive behaviour.
 Workload management:
Multi-tasking and selective, attention, Prioritising, Calm under pressure.
 Self-management:
Motivation, Confidence and initiative, Maintain and develop skills and knowledge
Prepared and organised.

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SVCE, BENGALURU