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Automation For Machining Operations

Automation involves using machines, equipment, and software to perform tasks and processes without human involvement. Automating machining operations provides benefits like higher production rates, better quality, improved safety, reduced production time, increased repeatability, and lower costs. Common elements of automated machining systems include power sources, control programs, and control systems. Different types of automated machining include CNC machines, transfer machines, and flexible manufacturing systems. Transfer machines are highly automated lines that transfer parts between stations automatically for sequential machining operations.

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Alemu Merga
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32 views

Automation For Machining Operations

Automation involves using machines, equipment, and software to perform tasks and processes without human involvement. Automating machining operations provides benefits like higher production rates, better quality, improved safety, reduced production time, increased repeatability, and lower costs. Common elements of automated machining systems include power sources, control programs, and control systems. Different types of automated machining include CNC machines, transfer machines, and flexible manufacturing systems. Transfer machines are highly automated lines that transfer parts between stations automatically for sequential machining operations.

Uploaded by

Alemu Merga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Automation for machining operations.

Seminar tittle
Automation is a technology by which a process or procedure is accomplished by without
human assistance.
It is implemented using a program of instructions combined with a control system that
executes the instructions.
AUTOMATION IN MACHINING Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)  A flexible
manufacturing system (FMS) is a form of flexible automation in which several machine tools are
linked together by a material-handling system, and all aspects of the system are controlled by a
central computer.
Why should we automate the system?
Higher production rate
Better quality of product
Improved safety
Reduction in production time
Increase and repeatability
Less human error
Less employee cost
More efficient use of materials
Elements of an automated system
Power to accomplish the process and operate the system. (Electric power, fossil
fuel, atomic power, water and air).

A program of instructions to direct the process.

A control system to actuate the instruction (closed loop or open loop)

What we need to automate.

Tool management

Tool change

Tool movement

Spindle start, devices start


Material loading

Finished piece removal

Automation of machining

Machine tools: general purpose; manually operated, conventional machining; the


leading power is the worker.

Machine tools: automated:

a) Fixed automation; mechanisms- cams, gear wheels, inks, levers, arms, mechanical
stops, limit switches etc.
b) Flexible automation: program control, numerical control.
Program sequence control
The sequence of motions and switchings is controlled by relays, timers, switches,
perforated tape, programmable cylinders, plug boards and other controllers.
Easier reprogramming, limited program options, almost no adjustments.
The simplest and most mature so far is robotic process automation
What is CNC machining automation?
CNC machining automation enables manufacturers to achieve repeatable processes
across CNC machining operations with technology such as CAM software. Software for
CNC machining automation provides manufacturing engineers with offline programming
and machine simulation capabilities to ensure parts are ready for manufacture with
minimal human intervention.
Transfer systems have been designed to perform a great variety of different metal-cutting processes.
In fact, it is difficult to think of machining operations that must be excluded from the list. Typical
applications include operations such as milling, boring, drilling, reaming, and tapping. However, it is
also feasible to carry out operations such as turning and grinding on transfer-type systems.
There are various types of mechanized and automated machines that perform a sequence of
operations simultaneously on different workparts. These include dial indexing machines, trunnion
machines, and transfer lines. To consider these machines in approximately the order of increasing
complexity, we begin with one that really does not belong in the list at all, the single-station machine.
Transfer machine
the most highly automated and versatile of the machines is the transfer line, illustrated in Figures 4.2
and 4.15. The workstations are arranged in a straight-line flow pattern and parts are transferred
automatically from station to station. The transfer system can be synchronous or asynchronous,
workparts can be transported with or without pallet fixtures, buffer storage can be incorporated into
the line operation if desired, and a variety of different monitoring and control features can be used to
manage the line. Hence, the transfer machine offers the greatest flexibility of any of the machines
discussed. The transfer line can accommodate larger workpieces than the rotary-type indexing
systems. Also, the number of stations, and therefore the number of operations, which can be
included on the line is greater than for the circular arrangement. The transfer line has traditionally
been used for machining a single product in high quantities over long production runs. More recently,
transfer machines have been designed for ease of changeover to allow several different but similar
workparts to be produced on the same line. These attempts to introduce flexibility into transfer line
design add to the appeal of these high-production systems.

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