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Ame 3L Experiment 2 To Study The Load Characteristics of DC Shunt Generator AIM

This document discusses the load characteristics of a DC shunt generator. It contains the following key points: 1. The internal characteristic curve represents the relationship between the generated voltage (Eg) and load current (IL). The external or load characteristic curve shows the variation of terminal voltage with load current. 2. When the load resistance decreases, the load current initially increases up to a maximum point, but then decreases as the load resistance further decreases, causing the external characteristic curve to reverse direction. 3. The document contains figures illustrating the internal characteristics, external characteristics, and the effect of decreasing load resistance on the load characteristics of a DC shunt generator.

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Celine Kate Bentayao
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102 views

Ame 3L Experiment 2 To Study The Load Characteristics of DC Shunt Generator AIM

This document discusses the load characteristics of a DC shunt generator. It contains the following key points: 1. The internal characteristic curve represents the relationship between the generated voltage (Eg) and load current (IL). The external or load characteristic curve shows the variation of terminal voltage with load current. 2. When the load resistance decreases, the load current initially increases up to a maximum point, but then decreases as the load resistance further decreases, causing the external characteristic curve to reverse direction. 3. The document contains figures illustrating the internal characteristics, external characteristics, and the effect of decreasing load resistance on the load characteristics of a DC shunt generator.

Uploaded by

Celine Kate Bentayao
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bentayao, Celine Kate G.

BSME 3A

AME 3L EXPERIMENT 2

To study the Load Characteristics of DC shunt generator

AIM

To study the load characteristics of DC Shunt Generator. Draw the


internal characteristics and external characteristics under different
loading condition.

THEORY

Introduction

In a shunt generator, the field winding is connected in parallel with the


armature winding so that terminal voltage of the generator is applied
across it. The shunt field winding has many turns of fine wire having
high resistance. Therefore, only a part of armature current flows through
shunt field winding and the rest flows through the load. Figure shows
the connections of a shunt wound generator. The armature current Ia
splits up into two parts; a small fraction Ish flowing through shunt field
winding while the major part IL goes to the external load.

Figure: Equivalent circuit of DC shunt generator for load characteristics.

Internal characteristic

The internal characteristic curve represents the relation between the


generated voltage Eg and the load current IL. When the generator is
loaded then the generated voltage is decreased due to armature reaction.
So, generated voltage will be lower than the emf generated at no load.
Here in the figure below AD curve is showing the no load voltage curve
and AB is the internal characteristic curve.
Bentayao, Celine Kate G. BSME 3A

External or Load characteristic

AC curve is showing the external characteristic of the shunt wound DC


generators. It is showing the variation of terminal voltage with the load
current. Ohmic drop due to armature resistance gives lesser terminal
voltage the generated voltage. That is why the curve lies below the
internal characteristic curve.

V = (Eg - IaRa) = Eg - (IL + Ish)Ra

The terminal voltage can always be maintained constant by adjusting the


load terminal. External characteristics of shunt dc generator When the
load resistance of a shunt-wound DC generator is decreased, then load
current of the generator increased as shown in above figure. But the load
current can be increased to a certain limit with (up to point C) the
decrease of load resistance. Beyond this point, it shows a reversal in the
characteristic. Any decrease of load resistance results in current
reduction and consequently, the external characteristic curve turns back
as shown in the dotted line, and ultimately the terminal voltage becomes
zero. Though there is some voltage due to residual magnetism. We know,
Terminal voltage Now, when IL increased, then terminal voltage
decreased. After a certain limit, due to heavy load current and increased
ohmic drop, the terminal voltage is reduced drastically. This drastic
reduction of terminal voltage across the load results the drop in the load
current although at that time load is high or load resistance is low. That
is why the load resistance of the machine must be maintained properly.
The point in which the machine gives maximum current output is called
breakdown point (point C in the picture).
Bentayao, Celine Kate G. BSME 3A

Figure: Load characteristics of DC shunt generator.

Note. It may be seen from the external characteristic that change in


terminal voltage from no-load to full load is small. The terminal voltage
can always be maintained constant by adjusting the field rheostat R
automatically.
Bentayao, Celine Kate G. BSME 3A
Bentayao, Celine Kate G. BSME 3A

PROCEDURE

Step 1: Make all the Correct Connections.

1. Positive Terminal of MCB - Positive Terminal of A Meter-1.


2. Positive Terminal of MCB - Positive Termainal of V Meter-2.
3. Negative Terminal of MCB - Negative Terminal of V Meter-1.
4. Negative Terminal of MCB - A2 of Motor.
5. A2 - F2.
6. L - Negative Termianl of A Meter-1.
7. F - Z1.
8. A - A1.
9. L2 - A2 of Generator.
10. A2 of Generator - F2 of Generator.
11. F2 of Generator - Negative Termianl of V Meter-2.
12. Negative Terminal of A Meter-2 - Positive Terminal of V Meter-2.
13. L1 - Positive Terminal of V Meter-2.
14. Positive Terminal of A Meter-2 - A1 of Generator.
15. Positive Terminal of A Meter-2 - Z1 of Generator.
Bentayao, Celine Kate G. BSME 3A

Step 2: Click on "Check" Button.

Step 3: After Correct Connections the Circuit will be turned ON.

Step 4: Select the No. of "Bulbs" from the Lamp load.

Step 5: Note Down the readings of the Ammeters & Voltmeters.

Step 6: Click "Add" Button to Add the values to the Observation Table.

Step 7: Add different values to the Table.

Step 8: Click on "Graph" Button to Create Graph.

SIMULATION
Bentayao, Celine Kate G. BSME 3A
Bentayao, Celine Kate G. BSME 3A

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