4TH QUARTER

g
MODULE 4

C. S. S. 9
COMPUTER SYSTEMS SERVICING
Technology and Livelihood Education – CSS – Grade 9
Quarter 3 – Module 8: TERMINATING AND CONNECTING ELECTRICAL WIRING AND
ELECTRONICS CIRCUIT (TCEW)

First Edition, 2020

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 T. L. E. 9
Quarter 4
Self-Learning Module 4

TERMINATING AND
CONNECTING ELECTRICAL
WIRING AND ELECTRONICS
CIRCUIT (TCEW)
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the (Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 9) Self-Learning

Module on (TERMINATING AND CONNECTING ELECTRICAL WIRING AND
ELECTRONICS CIRCUIT (TCEW))!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the (Technology and Livelihood Education Grade 9) Self-Learning

Module on (Terminating and connecting electrical wiring and electronics circuit
(TCEW))!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills that

you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - These measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:
A. discuss OHM’s Law;
B. identify the different types of electrical wires;
C. classify electronic components.

PRETEST
Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
Write your answer on the space provided before each number.

1. A single slender rod or filament of drawn metal.

a. Cable b. Current c. Wire d. Voltage

2. A wire that is sufficient for holding an electrical current.

a. Cable b. Conductor c. Wire d. Voltage

3. It is one that does not add any power gain (amplification) to a circuit or
system.
a. Active Device b. Fuse c. Passive Device d. Switch
4. These are components capable of regulating voltages or currents that
can produce a circuit switching operation.
a. Active Devices b. Fuse c. Passive Devices d. Switch

5. These are used in Alternating Current circuits to oppose changes in the

existing current.

a. Capacitors
b. Diodes
c. Inductors
d. Resistor
 RECAP
Do you still remember our previous lesson about Proper Maintenance of Hand
Tools and the 5’s? Let’s find out.

Directions. Identify the following questions. Write your answer on the space
provided before each number.

1. These are pliers that help strip the wire off its
insulation.

2. These are used to for installation and dismantle of

delicate parts as bearing.

3. These are used to link wires in such a way that they

are capable of transmitting data.

4. These are used to fasten bolts and nuts of different

sizes.
5. They are particularly useful in hardware and
electronics repair; because of their pointed
needle-like tip.
 LESSON

TERMINATING AND CONNECTING ELECTRICAL WIRING ELECTRONIC

CIRCUITS (TCEW)

Electrical Theory
Direct Current and Alternating Current
The first form of current is Direct Current or DC, since it is simple to generate. In one
direction, this sort of current still flows. The unnecessary voltage drop and power
loss in the power lines in a long-distance transmission is one of the drawbacks of
using DC. Popular sources of direct current are batteries.
The solution to the DC problem is Alternating Current or AC. The flow of current in
two directions is allowed by AC. Electricity, a power station, can now be stepped
up, transmitted to some distant place and stepped down for use. The device used
for stepping-up or stepping-down AC voltage is a transformer. In our AC outlet,
common sources of AC are found (usually 220 volts, in the Philippines.)

AC and DC Wave Form

OHM’S LAW AND POWER LAW

The Ohm’s law states that the current in a circuit is directly proportional to the
total voltage acting in the circuit, for a constant current, and inversely proportional
to the total resistance of the circuit.
If the current I is in amps, EMF E is in volts, and the resistance R is in ohms, the
law can be represented by the following equation.
Georg Simon Ohm discovered the relationship of the three variables above, theorizing
that current is in direct proportion to resistance. The relationship, using this
formula, is explained algebraically.
Components of a Simple Circuit
A Simple circuit holds the least things needed to have a functioning electric circuit.
A simple circuit requires the following:
1. AC/DC Source
 An equipment that will operate on either an AC or DC power source
 Battery – a dc voltage source containing two or more cells that convert
chemical energy to electrical energy.
 Cell - single unit used to convert chemical energy into a DC electrical voltage.

2. FUSE

The fuse is a safety device that is used to protect the

electrical circuit from excessive current effects. A strip of
metal that will melt at a given temperature is usually its
essential component. A fuse is constructed so that the
metal strip can be conveniently inserted into the
electrical circuit. If the current reaches a predetermined
value in the circuit, the fuse metal will melt and break
or open the
circuit.
 In amperes, which represents the limit, a fuse is normally rated without
blowing, the constant current it could handle.
 In electronics, the most common type of fuse is type 3AG. This code
describes the size and content of the case where "G" indicates a glass
material and "A" indicates a glass material intended for automotive use. It
measures approximately 32mm x 6mm with a 3AG fuse.
3. Assorted Wire and Wires and Cables are used synonymously but they
are quite different:
Cables
A wire is a single electrical conductor (material most
commonly being copper or aluminum). A wire is a
single slender rod or filament of drawn metal. This
definition restricts the term to what would ordinarily
be understood as solid wire. The word “slender” is
used because the length of a wire is usually large
when compared to its diameter. If a wire is covered
with insulation, it is an insulated wire. Although the
term “wire” properly refers to the metal, it also
includes the insulation.

On the other hand, a cable refers to two or more

insulated wires wrapped in one jacket. Cable is a
group of wires swathed in sheathing. The term cable originally referred to a
nautical line of multiple ropes used to anchor ships, and in an electrical context,
cables (like wires) are used to carry electrical currents.
Conductor is a wire that is sufficient for holding an electrical current.
A stranded conductor is a conductor consisting of a wire group or some combination
of wires. The wires are normally twisted together in a stranded conductor and not
insulated from each other.

Types of Electrical Wires

Solid wire
It is a single conductor that is either bare or insulated.

Stranded wire
It is composed many thin strands of wires twisted together
and used where flexibility is important because which the
wire can be used for a longer period.

Twisted pair cable

A twisted pair cable has two cables that are twisted across
each other. Twisting can avoid noise that produced by
magnetic coupling, so this type of cable is best suited for carrying signals. It is
generally used in telecommunication and data communication.

Multi-conductor cable
Has two or more conductors that are insulated from
each other. Their purpose is to protect signal integrity by
reducing hum, noise and crosstalk. Applications include
computers, communications, instrumentation, sound,
control, audio, and data transmission.

Switch and its function

A switch is a mechanism used to break or pass an
electrical current to another conductor. Switches
are widely used to open a circuit or close it. The ON
position is closed, while the open position is OFF.
The switch is usually mounted in series with the
line
that carries current from the power source to the
load.
Switch is a manually controlled device in an
electronics or electrical circuit capable of making,
breaking, or modifying the connection. A serial switch linked to one of the basic
circuit connecting wires provides a way of regulating the circuit current.
These are the functions of Switch:
1. When the switch is closed, the electron finds an interrupted path in the circuit.
2. Open is the OFF position of the switch, while closed is the ON position.
3. When the switch is opened, the current delivered by the power supply is
normally insufficient to jump the switch gap in the form of an arc and the
electron flow in the circuit is blocked.

Classifications of Electronic Component

A Passive Device is one that does not add any power gain (amplification) to a circuit
or system. It does not have a control action and does not require any input to
perform its function other than a signal. Examples are Resistors, Capacitors and
Inductors.
 Resistors
In electronics, this is the most common component. It is used
primarily inside the circuit to regulate current and voltage.
With a wire lead coming out of each end, you can recognize a
simple resistor by its simple cigar shape. It utilizes a color-
coded band system to determine the value of the variable
(measured in Ohms).

Capacitors differ in size and form, from a small surface mount

model to a big electric motor cap, which can be the size of the
paint can. The aim, whatever the size or form, is the same. In
the form of electrostatic charge, it stores electrical power.

Inductors
It is charged with a magnetic field and generates power in the
opposite direction when the field collapses. Inductors are
used in Alternating Current circuits to oppose changes in the
existing current.

Active Devices are components capable of regulating voltages or currents that can
produce a circuit switching operation. Examples are Diodes, Transistors and
Integrated circuit.
Diodes
Basically, diodes are a one-way valve for electric current. They
let it flow in one direction and not in the other direction (from
positive to negative). In appearance, most diodes are identical
to a resistor and have a painted line on one end indicating the
direction or flow (white side is negative). The current will flow if
the negative side is at the negative end of the circuit. If the
negative is on the circuit's positive side, no current will flow.
 LEDs are actually light-emitting diodes of one kind or another.
As indicator devices, they are used. Example: The lit LED
equals the machine on. They come in many colours and sizes.
Some also emit infrared light that the human eye can't see.

Transistors
Perhaps the most significant innovation of this decade is the
transistor. It performs two fundamental functions. 1) It serves
like a switch that turns the current on and off. 2) This functions
as an amplifier. This generates an output signal, which is an
expanded version of the input signal.

Integrated circuits
Integrated circuits, or ICs, within one basic bundle are complex
circuits. For the simulation of resistors, capacitors, transistors,
etc., silicon and metals are used. This is a miracle of space
savings.

ELECTRONIC SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS

Wires and connections
Component Circuit Symbol Function of Component

Wire To pass current very easily

from one part of
a circuit to another.

A 'blob' should be drawn

where wires are
connected (joined), but it
Wires joined
is sometimes omitted.
Wires connected at
'crossroads'
should be staggered
slightly to form two T‐
 junctions, as shown on the
right.

Wires not joined In complex diagrams it is

often necessary to
draw wires crossing even
though they are
not connected. I prefer the
'bridge' symbol
shown on the right
because the simple
crossing on the left may be
misread as a
joint where you have
forgotten to add a
'blob'!

ACTIVITIES
A. Directions. Read and answer the following questions. Write your answer on the
space provided.
1. In your own understanding, what does OHM’S law states?

2. What are the different types of electrical wires? Give some examples and explain
briefly.
B. Directions. Classify the following electronic components whether it is Passive Device
or Active Device. Write your answer on the space provided.

1.

2.

3.

4.
 SUMMATIVE TEST

Name:________________________________________________ Grade/Section: _____________ Score:

_________
Directions: Match column A with that of column B. Write only the letter of the
correct answer on the line provided before each number.
A B

1. It two or more conductors that a. Switch

are insulated from each other.
2. These are components capable b. Multi-conductor cable
of regulating voltages or currents
that can produce a circuit switching
operation.
3. It is a mechanism used to break c. Active Devices
or pass an electrical current to another
conductor.
4. It is a single conductor that is either d.
Stranded Wire bare or insulated.
5. It is composed many thin strands of e. Solid Wire
wires twisted together and used where
flexibility is important because which
the wire can be used for a longer period.
Directions: Read the questions carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.
Write your answer on the space provided before each number.
1. A single slender rod or filament of drawn metal.
b. Cable b. Current c. Wire d. Voltage
2. A wire that is sufficient for holding an electrical current.
a. Cable b. Conductor c. Wire d. Voltage
3. It is one that does not add any power gain (amplification) to a circuit or
system.
a. Active Device b. Fuse c. Passive Device d. Switch
4. These are components capable of regulating voltages or currents that
can produce a circuit switching operation.
a. Active Devices b. Fuse c. Passive Devices d. Switch
5. These are used in Alternating Current circuits to oppose changes in the
existing current.
a. Capacitors b. Diodes c. Inductors
d. Resistor