Reflection paper in Mathematics Quarter 1

I admit that mathematics lesson is a complicated subject, it feels like a roller coaster ride
whenever I’m studying, but there is also a satisfying feeling when you have understood the lesson.
Whenever I receive math modules, I always complain how hard this subject is, but somehow, this
subject taught me to be patience. In order for me to clearly understand every lesson, I need to be
patience and thoroughly in studying this subject. It taught me to study the module in math instead of
complaining first. I’m thankful that I have an adviser and friends to lean on whenever I need a help, or
I’ll ask for a help, they make me study the mathematics easier.

In mathematics quarter 1, I encountered 6 mathematics modules, module 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, and

most of them are all about sequence. The 1 st module is Generating Pattern in Sequences, I can say
that this study about generating the patterns in sequence is much easier to study than the latter
modules in quarter 1. I learned that there are other types of sequences, the finite sequence and
infinite sequence. There is also a number sequence, but it’s not just a common number sequence
that we know in our daily lives, it is formed y set of number and also known as the terms of the
sequence governed by specific rule. This module 1 in math is like a door for me in the world of
sequence numbers through mathematics subject. It made the following modules much easy for me to
understand.

The other modules in math are Illustrate Arithmetic Sequence, which was tackled in module
2, a list of numbers with a definite pattern, take any number in the sequence then subtract it by the
previous one, and the result is always the same or constant. Module 3 that is also all About
Arithmetic Sequence, same with the topic of module 2. Module 4 that contains the topic in
Geometric Sequence, a sequence where each term after the first is obtained by multiplying the
preceding term by a nonzero constant called the common ratio (this can be determined by dividing
any term in the sequence by the term that precedes it). Next is module 8 entitled Solving Real Life
Problems Involving Sequences, I can say that this topic or part of module in mathematics can be a
complicated part for me because of the situational problem-solving. In module 9, the topic was
Dividing Polynomials Using Long and Synthetic Division, for me, this was a bit complicated when
it comes to solving, but there is also a satisfying feeling when you got the right answer, much easier
than module 8.

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 As I said, mathematics subject is like a roller coaster ride for me, it’s scary at first if you haven’t
tried to thoroughly understand the lesson, but there is also a fulfilling moment in the end of the ride.

Reflection paper in Mathematics Quarter 2

The 2nd quarter contains 7 modules, module 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 19. There are some parts of the
lessons in the modules that made me quite hard to understand, but thankfully, there are ways on how
to surpass them with understanding somehow. I asked for a help in studying the lessons to be able to
understand all of them.

First, we tackled about Illustrates Polynomial Functions. It was easy for me to understand,
because it was like the basic or the foundation in our lesson about polynomial functions. It discussed
the polynomial function. Furthermore, it says that, Polynomial function is a function that can be
expressed in the form of a polynomial. A polynomial function has a Standard Form that can be
written with its terms arranged according to descending powers of x, and the standard form contains
a Leading Term -the term containing the highest power or exponent, Leading Coefficient -the
coefficient of the leading term, Degree of Polynomial -the highest power or exponent of the variable,
and the Constant Term -the term of the function with degree zero.
Next topic that we tackled is all about Graphs of Polynomial Functions and Solving
Problems Involving Polynomial Functions. This part of lesson in 2 nd quarter is quite challenging for
me, because I’m not that fond in graphing with numbers involved, so I wish to learn this better. After
that, we studied the Arc, Chord, Central Angle and Inscribed Angle Relations. This is much easier
than the previous topic. It discusses the relations between arc, chord, central angle, and the inscribed
angle. Next topic is about the Theorem on Chords, Arcs, Central Angles and Inscribed Angles,
this topic has the same thoughts in studying the Arc, Chord, Central Angle and Inscribed Angle
Relations because they are just related to each other.
Now, let us moved to the lesson about Illustrating Secants, Tangents, Segments, and
Sectors of a Circle. From my understanding, this topic is most likely studying the area of a circle, it
discussed the connected lines in the area of a circle like Secant to a Circle, Tangent to a Circle,
Area of the Segment of a Circle, and the Area of a Sector of a Circle. Next is Proving Theorems
on Secants, Tangents, and Segments, this topic discussed the Postulate on Tangent Line,
Theorems on Tangent Line, the common tangent, Tangent and Secants Theorems on Angles
formed by Tangents and Secants, and also the Tangent and Secant Segments.
And the last lesson for the 2 nd quarter is The Relations among Chords, Arcs, Central Angles
and Inscribed Angles. In this topic, I encountered the common words in terms of mathematics in the
previous lessons like, Circle, Radius, Chord, Diameter, Tangent, Secant, Arc, Semicircle, Minor
Arc, Major Arc, Central Angle, Intercepted Arc, Sum of Central Angles, Arc Addition Postulate,
Inscribed Angle, Arcs and Angles, and the Arc and Angle Measure.
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 This 2nd quarter of module in mathematics seems like there’s a lot of studies that’s need to be
done, but as I write this reflection, it came to my senses that the words are just twisted and there’s no
need to make it more complicated. You just need to thoroughly study the word terms, to be able to
understand the proper solving of given problems.

Reflection Paper in Mathematics Quarter 3

Now, we’ve come to the 3 rd quarter of modules in mathematics. In this part, we learned topics
from 8 modules of mathematics. Let’s find out what are the lessons that we tackled in this quarter and
what are the lessons that I clearly understood.

First topic that we studied is Illustrating the Permutation of Objects. In this topic, there are
many parts that were discussed on how to illustrate the permutation of objects. These are the lessons
that were discussed, Lesson 1-Fundamental Counting Principle, 2 -Finding the Permutation of
an Objects Using a Formula, 3 -Distinguishable Permutation, 4 -Circular Permutation, and 5 -
Solving for the Unknown permutation. The next lesson is learning on how to Solve Problems
Involving Permutations.

Now, we’re at the Illustrating the Combination of Objects. The term combination is a set S
with n elements, and if r is a non-negative integer less than or equal to n, then each subset of S
containing r distinct elements. Next is Differentiating Permutation from a Combination of Objects
Taken r at a Time. In this lesson, Permutation is when a group of objects or people are arranged in
a certain order. And in permutation, an order matter. In Combination, it is an arrangement or
selection of objects in which order is not important. Next is Solving Problems Involving
Permutation and Combination, in this part, Probability was mentioned where this is the study of
chance or the likelihood of an event happening.

In this part, the lesson that was tackled is about Illustrating Events, Union, and Intersection
of an Event. One of the basic concepts in the study of probability is the sample space. A sample
space is the set of all possible outcomes of an experiment. You will encounter the words Intersection
of events, Union of events, and Venn Diagram here.

Next topic is Illustrating the Probability of a Union of Two Events. In my understanding, this
means considering all the possibilities for either of two events. You form the union of two events, and
you form the intersection of these two events. The last topic in this 3 rd quarter in mathematics is
Solving Problems Involving Probability of Compound Events. In this part, union of two events
can be mutually exclusive events or not mutually exclusive events.

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 In my view, this may be the most or quite easy lesson to understand, because the lesson was
combined with a lesson of grade 7 and that is about the union of numbers. This is the part where I
can really say that I clearly understood the lesson.

Reflection Paper in Mathematics Quarter 4

This quarter 4, the lesson we study first is about Measures of Position of Ungrouped Data.
In this part, I learned The Quartiles for Ungrouped Data, Deciles for Ungrouped Data, and the
Percentiles for Ungrouped Data. Also, we tackled the 2 types of method in measuring the position
of ungrouped data, the Tukey’s Method and Mendenhall and Sincich Method.

The next lesson we study is about Measures of Position of Grouped Data, it discussed the
frequency distribution table, and also The Quartiles, Deciles, and Percentiles of Grouped Data.

Now, we’ve come to the next lesson. The Analyzing and Interpreting Research Data. In this
lesson, you will know what are Descriptive Measures, Statistical Methods, Frequency and
Relative Frequency, Measures of Central Tendency, Levels of Measurement, Measures of
Variability, and the Measures of Position.

And the last lesson in quarter 4 mathematics is the Descriptive Research. The parts of
descriptive research that needs to do to make this are the following; Chapter I: Introduction,
Background of the Study, Conceptual Framework, Statement of the Problem, Significance of
the Study, Scope and Delimitation of the Study, Definitions of Terms, Review of Related
Literature, and in Chapter II there is; Methodology, Research Design, Sampling Techniques ad
Participants, Research Locale, and the Instrumentation.

These lessons that we studied in quarter 4 are quite easy compared to the previous lessons
that were discussed in first 3 quarters. The 3 quarters were studied by modular system which is a big
hassle for us, but the last quarter, which is quarter 4, was discussed by face-to-face class. That’s why
I can say that it is quite easy to learn the lessons. For me, mathematics is a complicated subject
because of numbers and all the equations, but we can survive or learn these lessons if we just do
everything we can. Whatever the circumstances are, we find ways of our own if you really want to
understand the subject you’re studying.

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 Reflection Paper in Science Quarter 1

The first lesson in quarter 1 was focused on Volcanoes, Earthquakes and Mountain ranges. It
explains and discuss what, why, and how these events happens. The next lesson is about Plate
Boundaries. It explains here what is plate boundaries and the other type of boundaries at the edge of
the lithospheric plates like Divergent boundaries, Convergent boundaries, and the Transform
fault boundaries. You will also study the other Types of Convergent Boundaries; the Oceanic
Continental Plate Convergent Boundary, Two Oceanic Plates Convergent Boundary, and the
Two Continental Plates Convergent Boundary.

Now, let’s move to the next topic, the Processes and Landforms Along Plate Boundaries. In
this lesson, we will identify the geological processes, how and why they take place in the different
types of convergent plate boundaries which happen between two oceanic plates, oceanic-
continental plates, two continental plates. And next is, we will study the different processes
taking place at a divergent plate boundary, where and why they take place, and their effects.
After that, we shall discuss the transform fault boundary, also known as strike-slip boundary.

The next topic we studied is about Earth’s Mechanism. In this topic, I learned about the
mantle convection and forces as a mechanism to the motion of the massive plates of the
lithosphere and the development of the Theory of Plate Tectonic. The last topic in this 1 st quarter
of science is about Evidence of Plate Movements. In this part, I studied on how to investigate the
pieces of evidence of the Continental Drift Theory, demonstrating the evolution of the oceanic
crust through Sea Floor Spreading, and realizing the importance of the seafloor spreading
process relative to the Continental Drift Theory.

This 1st quarter lessons in science were not that hard, but it is not also easy. You have to
thoroughly study the lesson because it is not just a lesson that you need to study for you to get good
grades, but it is also knowledge for us on why these events happens in earth.

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 Reflection Paper in Science Quarter 2

These are the lessons in quarter 2 science. First lesson that we tackled is about the Different
Forms of EM Waves. In this lesson, we tackled the seven different types of electromagnetic
waves and its arrangement that is called Electromagnetic Spectrum. The EM Spectrum includes,
Radio Waves, Microwaves, Infrared, Visible Light, Ultraviolet, X-ray, and Gamma Ray. The next
lesson is Practical Applications and Effects of Electromagnetic Waves. We study the Practical
Applications of the seven electromagnetic waves and its effects which depend greatly on their
wavelength, frequency, and energy. There is also some explanation about Effects of
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation on living things and the environment.

After the electromagnetic topic, we can now move to the next topic, which is Qualitative
Characteristics of Images. In this part, you will encounter or study the qualitative
characteristics of the image that is formed in Plane, Concave and Convex Mirrors, and you will
also be able to use the laws of reflection in order to describe and explain how mirrors and
lenses form images. Next is, Uses of Mirrors and Lenses. This lesson explains the Science behind
mirrors and lenses, how they work and what their uses are.

The last part of lesson in this 2 nd quarter in science is the Simple Electric Motor and
Generator. In this lesson, some questions about generator will be answered like What is a
generator? How does a generator work? What are the top Uses of Generator? After that, it will
also discuss the Principle of Electromagnetic Induction in a Generator, parts of a generator, and
the Difference between the AC Generator and the DC Generator. The next part of the lesson is
about Electric Motor, and just like in generator, your questions will be answered also like, what is an
electric motor? How do Electric Motors work? What are the parts of an electric motor? And,
you will also tackle about the Difference between the AC Motor and the DC Motor, and the
Applications of electric motor. And the last part is the Comparison of Motor and Generator.

This quarter 2 of science is like the 1 st quarter, there are some part that made me struggle to
thoroughly study the lesson, especially in learning the science behind the mirror. I hope that this part
of the lesson will be clearer to me in time.
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 Reflection Paper in Science Quarter 3

In quarter 3, the first lesson is Hormonal Control of Human Reproduction. The parts that
were tackled in this lesson are the human male and female reproductive cycles, this includes the
Male Hormones, Female Hormones and the Ovarian Cycle and the Menstrual Cycle. Next lesson
is the Nervous System and Endocrine System Coordination, we studied on how the nervous
system coordinates and regulates feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis.

The next lesson is about the Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive System.
This lesson contains the study of Female Reproduction Cycle, The Ovarian Cycle, and The
Menstrual Cycle: The Body’s Preparation for Pregnancy. It also discussed the Feedback
Mechanisms Involved in Regulating Processes in the Female Reproductive System.

Now, we have studied the next, which is the Protein Synthesis. In this part, I learned about on
how the protein is made using information from DNA, the structure of the DNA and RNA, and
hot to Identify the Role of DNA and RNA in protein synthesis. The next lesson is the Changes in
Genetic Code, this lesson helped me define mutation, identify the types of mutation, and to
determine the cause and effect of mutation.

I also learned about the Evidences of Evolution, it explains here on how to identify the
sources of evidence for evolution, and how fossil records, comparative anatomy and genetic
information provide evidence of evolution. After that, study of Occurrence of Evolution comes
next. It explains the occurrence of evolution, how variation and adaptation are necessary for
survival of species, how Natural Selection contribute to biodiversity or extinction, and lastly, it
helps me identify theories that support evolution.

Next, we study the Species Diversity. It explains on how species diversity increases the
probability of adaptation and survival of organisms in changing environments, how diversity
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affects adaptation and survival of organisms, and Determine the factors that influence the
stability of ecosystems.

Lastly, we tackled the lesson about Population Growth & Carrying Capacity. In studying this,
you will know on how to identify the basic reasons behind why a population increases or
decreases, determine the limiting factors that affect the population growth, and Describe the
logistic and exponential growth of a population size.

There are lots of lessons that were tackled in this quarter 3 of science, and I just wished that
this was explained in a face-to-face class, so that we can clearly understand all of these, not just to
understand enough to get good grades, but to stick the knowledge in our mind.

Reflection Paper in Science Quarter 4

The lessons in quarter 4 science were discussed by face-to-face class. The first lesson is The
Kinetic Molecular Theory. The different properties of gases can be explained through the kinetic
molecular theory. In this lesson, we will also study the Measurable Properties of Matter. This
measurable properties of matter contains of the study in volume, temperature, amount of gas,
and pressure. In studying this lesson, you will most likely to solve a sample or given problem. You
will also learn the 2 types of law in gas, the Boyle’s Law, and the Charles’ Law.

The next lesson that was discussed was the Major Categories of Biomolecules. There are
main classes of biomolecules, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. These are,
macromolecules- large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms. There
are six most common elements that can be found in biomolecules, these are called CHNOPS or
CHONSP elements (Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur).

These lessons are quite easy to understand, because these were discussed by face-to-face
class, and my teacher is good at clarifying the lesson to us.

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 Reflection Paper in English Quarter 1

The First lesson we tackled in English quarter 1 is about Information Literacy, it includes the
practical skills in effective use of information technology and information resources either print or
electronic. I learned that information literacy is the ability to articulate one’s information need, ability to
identify, locate, and access appropriate sources of information to meet the information needed. It also
has the ability to use the information effectively, regardless of the format, and the ability to critically
and ethically apply the information. I also learned about the importance of information literacy,
reasons of why people use information, and also the thinking skills.

The second lesson we tackled is about Textual Aids. If you learned the concept of textual aids,
you will easily show relationship, visualize and simplify ideas, and organize information, you will
also learn the commonly textual aids; the Concept Map, Flowchart or Sequence Chart, Cause-
Effect Chart, Main Idea and Details Chart, and Venn Diagram.

The third lesson is about The Unity of Plot, Setting and Characterization to achieve the
Author’s Purpose. It discussed here of what author can do or the purpose whenever they write,
there are three main types of what author can do, to persuade, to inform, and to entertain.

The next topic is about Comparative Thinking: Compare and Contrast. If you’ve got the
compare and contrast skills, you can Strengthen Your Memories, Develop Higher-Order Thinking
Skills, Increase Student Comprehension, Enhance Students’ Writing in the Content Areas, and
Develop Students’ Habits of Mind. Next study is the Analytical Listening in Problem Solving. If
you truly understand this study, then you can have the ability to listen to other people with their

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problems and not only listen, but also being able to divide difficult questions into separate parts in
order to get to the core.

Literary Analysis, the next topic which helps to promote critical thinking, and also fosters
invaluable communication skills. The next lesson is about Media Literacy, it encompasses the
practices that allow people to access, critically evaluate, and create or manipulate media. It also helps
the student to develop an informed and critical understanding of the nature of mass media and all the
information they get from these sources.

I quite understand the quarter 1 English lessons, but sometimes, I’m still struggling to
remember these studies. I hope that I’ll get the chance to improve more my understanding in English
Literature.

Reflection Paper in English Quarter 2

We studied the Language of research, Campaigns and Advocacies first in quarter 2 of

English. It tackles about the research process, explain the research, campaign, and advocacy,
and also explains the 5 dimensions of a campaign.

Next is, Connecting Ideas Using Conjunctions in an Argumentative text. It explains here
what is conjunction, and the use of it.

We also learned about the Formulation of a Statement in Opinion or Assertion. I learned

that the true meaning of an opinion is to make a judgement or interpretation after making an
observation, and in assertion, it is a statement used to make a declaration or to express strong belief
on a particular topic, often without evidence. Next is, we studied about the Argumentative Text:
Modal Verbs and Modal Adverbs. For me, I learned the way of using a modal verbs and modal
adverbs in an argumentative essay from the explanation in modules.

Afterwards, we studied the Formulation Claims of Fact, Policy, and Value. It discussed here
the difference between claims of fact, policy, and value. Then we learned to formulate the claims of
fact, policy, and value. You will also learn the true meaning of claim here.

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 Rhetorical Questions, the next topic that we studied. The parts of the topic that were
discussed here are the Benefits of Rhetorical Questions, Use of Rhetorical Questions in a
speech, and of course the rhetorical question itself. After that, we studied the Multimodal and its
Elements.

The last lesson that we studied in English quarter 2 is on how to Deliver a Prepared or
Impromptu on an Issue Employing the Techniques in Public Speaking. 13 effective public
speaking techniques were cited in this study.

In addition to the lessons, we also tackled about the Greek Mythology, Gods and Goddesses
were introduced to us. After that, we were assigned to portray a God or Goddess in Greek Mythology
and it was a fun lesson.

The lessons in English quarter 2 seems to be complicated, but when you study the lessons
thoroughly, it is fun, especially the last lesson. The last lesson is about public speaking, we were
assigned to do or make a video about us, 10 years from now to publicly speak, so it was fun for me
because I enjoy talking so much, so the lesson suits for me.

Reflection Paper in English Quarter 3

Argumentative Essay, the first lesson in English quarter 3. We study first what is an

argumentative essay, then the parts and elements of an argumentative essay were discussed and

studied here. Afterwards, Writing Techniques: Informative and Persuasive Essay comes next to

the lesson. We studied first what is a persuasive essay, then the difference between informative and

persuasive essay, and also the elements of an essay. The steps on making a good essay and some

tips were explained here.

The next lesson we studied is Writing a Critique Paper. We studied the critique format for

fiction/literature, and also the critique format for non-fiction. And after, we learned how to write a

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critique paper. Then the next lesson is how to Critique a Literary Selection Based on Approaches.

Seven approaches were discussed here, and it also explained what is Literary Composition.

I learned a lot in writing an argumentative and persuasive essay from writing techniques, and

also in the critique paper. My only concern is that, I need to thoroughly study on how to Critique a

Literary Selection Based on Approaches, because my knowledge is not enough to say that I truly or

clearly understand that part of quarter 3 lessons.

Reflection Paper in English Quarter 4

Our study in English quarter 4 lessons were discussed by face-to-face class. The first lesson
we tackled is the Technical Terms Used in Research. There are parts of technical terms that were
discussed like, Qualitative Research, Quantitative Research, Conceptual Framework in
Research. Some technical terms were also discussed like, Population, Sample, Convenience
Sample, Participant, Survey, Questionnaire, Hypothesis, Scope, and Delimitations These are
the parts of research: title page, introduction(chapter 1), review of related literature(chapter 2),
research methodology(chapter 3), results and discussion(chapter 4), summary, conclusion,
and recommendations(chapter 5), bibliography/references, and appendices. The data collection
method in doing a research were also discussed, the focus groups, interviews, observations,
documents and records, and the studies. Plagiarism was also discussed for us to be aware in
copying someone’s work.

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 Next is the Strengthening our Skills in Writing a Research: Technical and Operational
Definitions. Technical term was explained as refers to the aspect of explaining or describing
technical terms or terminology that has a particular meaning in a specific field, while operational term
was discussed as a description of something in terms of the operations (procedures, actions, or
processes) by which it could be observed, measured, or used. The Primary and Secondary
Sources in Giving Technical Definitions were also discussed in this lesson. Primary and
secondary gives us direct access and information to our research. It helps us to report new
discoveries and to share new information. The strengthening skills in writing research by Expanded
Definition of Words was also discussed. It explains the purposes of expanded definition, and also
the techniques when practicing to write an expanded definition.

The English quarter 4 lessons are mostly about writing a research. I thought writing a research
would be difficult, but when I studied on how to write and what is research, it helped me to understand
the research writing better.

Repleksyon sa Unang Markahan ng Filipino

Ang unang aralin na aming tinalakay sa Filipino ay tungkol sa Mitolohiyang Romano.

Nalaman ko na sa Pilipinas, ang salitang mito/myth ay galling sa salitang Latin na mythos at mula sa
Greek na muthos. Nasabing ang mitolohiya ng mga taga-Rome ay kadalsang tungkol sa politika,
ritwal, at moralidad. Sinasabing kabayahinhan daw ang isang mahalagang tema sa mga
kuwentong ito. Itinuring ng mga sinaunang taga-Rome na nangyari sakanilang kasaysayan ang mga
nilalaman ng mito kahit ang mga ito ay mahimala at may elementong supernatural.

Ang sunod naman na aming tinalakay ay tungkol sa Alegorya ng Isang Yungib: Sanaysay
Mula sa Greece ni Plato. Ipinaliwanag ditto ang mga bahagi ng sanaysay gamit ang Alegorya ng
Isang Yungib, ito ay ang panimula, gitna, at wakas, pati na rin ang element ng sanaysay, ito ay ang

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Tema at Nilalaman, Kaisipan, Anyo at Istruktura, Larawan ng Buhay, Himig, at Damdamin.
Nabanggit din ditto ang tungkol sa pandiwa at iba’t-ibang uri nito kagaya ng pandiwang aksiyon,
pandiwang pangyayari, at pandiwang karanasan.

Sunod na aming tinalakay ay ang parabula, ito ay isang maikling kuwentong may aral na
kalimitang hinahango mula sa Bibliya, maaaring nasa anyong patula o prosa na malimit nangangaral
o nagpapayo hinggil sa isang pangyayari, na kadalasang isinasalarawan ang isang moral o
relihiyosong aral. Ang sunod naman ay ang maikling kuwento, ito ay isang maiksing salaysay
hinggil sa isang mahalagang pangyayaring kinasasangkutan ng isa o ilang tauhan at may iisang
kakintalan o impresyon lamang.

Pagkatapos, sumunod naman ang aralin tungkol sa pagsulat ng nobela, dapat tandaan na sa
pagsulat ng nobela ay hindi pinapagalaw ng may akda ang tauhan, sila’y gumagalaw ng kusa. Ang
nobela ay dapat sumunod sa masasaklaw na simulain ng pagsasalaysay. Ang nobela’y may pauna
na tumutugon sa mga katanungang Sino? Ano? Saan? Kailan? Ang sunod na aming tinalakay ay
tungkol sa Pagkasunod-sunod ng mga Pangyayari, ditto ay nag balik-aral tungkol sa Anapora at
Katapora, natalakay din ditto ang tungkol sa mga pananda sa pagka sunod-sunod ng pangyayari
sa panahon.

Ang huling aralin na aming tinalakay sa unang markahan ng Filipino ay tungkol sa tulang
liriko. Ang tulang liriko o tula ng damdamin ay puno ng masidhing damdamin ng tao tulad ng pag-
ibig, kalungkutan, kabiguan, kaligayahan, tagumpay, at iba pa. Natalakay din ditto ang iba’t-ibang uri
ng tula at mga element nito.

Ang mga aralin na nasa unang markahan ng Filipino ay aking mga naintindihan naman, kaya’t
wala na akong dapat pa na ikabahala.

Repleksyon sa Ikalawang Markahan ng Filipino

Ang Mito mula sa Iceland (Panitikang Kanluranin), ay ang una naming tinalakay sa
ikalawang markahan ng Filipino. Dito ay naitalakay naming kung ano ng aba ang mitolohiya. Aking
natutunan ditto na ang mitolohiya ay isang kuwento kung saan kadalasang tumatalakay sa kultura, sa
mga diyos o bathala at ang kanilang karanasan sa pakikisalamuha sa mga tao. Nalaman ko din ditto
ang mga dapat na tandaan sa pagsusuri ng mitolohiya, ito ay ang mga tauhan, tagpuan, banghay,
tema, at konklusyon.

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 Ang Dula mula sa England, United Kingdom (Panitikang Kanluranin) naman ang aming
sunod na tinalakay na aralin. Sa aralin na ito ay nagdagdag muli ng bagong aral kagaya na lamang
ng salitang etimolohiya, na ang ibig sabihin ay pag-aaral ng kasaysayan ng salita at kung paano
nag-iiba ang kanilang anyo at kahulugan sa paglipas ng panahon. Dito ko rin nalaman na ang dula
pala ay hango s salitang Griyego na “drama” na nangangahulugang Gawain o kilos. Nabanggit din
ditto ang salitang trahedya at ang element ng dula. Sunod naman naming tinalakay ay ang Tula
mula sa England, United Kingdom (Panitikang Kanluranin). Dito ko naintindihan ang pagkaka-iba
ng tula sa tulang liriko, at natuklasan ko din ditto ang iba’t-ibang uri ng tulang liriko, at elemento
ng tula, mga paraan sa pagsulat ng tula, matatalinghagang salita, tayutay at mga uri nito.

Sunod ay ang Maikling Kuwento mula sa United States of America (Panitikang

Kanluranin), ang aking mga natutunan dito ay ang pagbuo ng mabuting katauhan ng karakter, mga
dapat tandaan sa pagsulat ng maikling kuwento, at ang tunay na depinisyon ng Maikling Kuwento
ng Tauhan, at Paghihinuha.

Ang sunod naman na aralin ay tungkol sa Nobela mula sa Cuba (Panitikang Kanluranin),
ang aking mga natutunan dito ay ang Elemento ng Nobela, mga katangiang dapat taglayin ng
nobela, aralin sa panunuring pampanitikan, Teoryang Pampanitikan, at mga pahayag na
pagsang-ayon at pagtanggi sa panunuring pampanitikan. Sunod na aming tinalakay ay ang
Talumpati mula sa Brazil (Panitikang Kanluranin), ditto naman ay ipinaliwanag kung ano ang
talumpati at kung ano ang mayroon ditto. Ang huling arlin ay ang Pangwakas na Gawain sa
Panitikang Kanluranin, dito naman ay aking natuklasan kung ano ang mayroon sa mga anyo ng
panitikan sa Social Media.

Kagaya nang naunang markahan, ditto sa pangalawang markahan ay aking naintindihan ang
mga aralin dahil na rin sa module na aking binasa na naroon na ang halos lahat ng detalye ng aming
mga aralin na tinatalakay.

Repleksyon sa Ikatlong Markahan sa Filipino

Sa ikatlong markahan, ang unang aralin na aming tinalakay ay tungkol sa Mitolohiya, dito ay

nabanggit ang pagkaka-iba ng mitolohiya ng Aprika at Persia. Dito sa paksa na ito ay pinag-aralan

15
din ang tungkol sa pag debate. Ang debate ay isang pakikipagtalong may estruktura, may dalawang

grupo tungkol sa napagkaisahang paksa, ang dalawang panig ay ang proposisyon(sumasang-ayon)

at ang oposisyon(sumasalungat). Ipinaliwanag din dito ang mga uri o format ng debate, at kung

paano ng aba magiging mahusay na debater. Ang sunod na aralin ay tungkol ulit sa mitolohiya, ditto

naman ay sinabing, ang mitolohiya ay halos magkakabit-kabit na kumpol ng mga tradisyonal na

kwento o mito , mga kuwento na binubuo ng isang particular na relihiyon o paniniwala.

Sunod na araling tinalakay ay ang Apat na Komponent o Sangkap ng Kasanayang

Komunikatibo, matutunan dito ang apat na component o sangkap sa paglinang ng kasanayang

komunikatibo, ang Gramatikal, Sosyo-lingguwistik, Diskorsal, at Strategic. Pinag-aralan din dito

ang anekdota, isang maikling kuwento o pagsasalaysay ng ilang kawiliwiling insidente o pangyayari.

Sunod na tinalakay ay ang anekdota na tungkol kay Mullah Nassreddin, kagaya lamang ng

naunang aralin.

Ang mga tinalakay na aralin sa ikatlong markahan ng Filipino ay madali lamang sa akin na

intindihin, lalo na sa aralin tungkol sa debate pati na rin ang sa anekdota.

Repleksyon sa Ika-apat na Markahan sa Filipino

Ang aming tinalakay sa buong ika-apat na markahan ng Filipino na aking natutunan ay tungkol
sa nobelang El Filibusterismo na akda ng ating pambansang bayani na si Dr. Jose P. Rizal. Ito ay
kaniyang inumpisahang isulat noong 1897 sa Calamba nang magbalik siya sa Pilipinas. Ipinagpatuloy
niya ang pagsusulat nito sa Madrid, Paris at Brussels. Natapos niya itong isulat noong Marso 29,
16
1891. Pinalimbag ito ni Dr. Jose Rizal kaso kinulang sa pera kaya’t mula sa 44 na pahina, naging 38
na lamang, ipinalimbag niya ito sa F. Meyer Van Loo Press at naging hulugan ang bayad. Nang
nalaman ni Valentin Ventura ang kagipitan ni Dr. Jose Rizal, mula sa Paris ay kanyang pinadalhan ito
ng salapi para maituloy ang pagpapalimbag. Ipinagkatiwala ni Rizal kay Ventura ang orihinal na
manuskrito ng El Filibusterismo. Inihandog ni Rizal ang El Filibusterismo sa ala-ala ng GOMBURZA.
Ang nobelang El Filibusterismo ay sumusunod sa nobelang Noli Me Tangere na akda din ni Dr. Jose
P. Rizal.

Ang kuwento ng nobelang El Filibusterimo ay tungkol kay Simuon na nagbabalat-kayo lamang,

dahil ang kanyang totoong katauhan ay bilang si Crisostomo Ibarra na gumanap sa nobelang Noli Me
Tangere. Sa nobelang Noli Me Tangere, si Crisostomo Ibarra ay tinugis ng mga tulisan, at sa
kanyang pagtakas kasama ang kanyang kaibigan na si Elias, sila ay natagpuan. Kaya naman
nagsakripisyo si Elias at ito ang nasawi na inakala ng mga tulisan na si Crisostomo Ibarra. Ngayon,
sa nobelang El Filibusterismo ay nagbabalik si Crisostomo Ibarra bilang si Simuon upang maghiganti
sa mga nangyari.

Ang mga tauhan na kabilang ditto ay sina Basilio- kasintahan ni Huli, Isagani- matalik na
kaibigan ni Basilio. Huli- anak ni Kabesang Tales, Kapitan Tiyago- matandang am ani Maria Clara.
Paulita Gomez- pamangkin ni Donya Victorina, Juanito Pelaez- mayaman na pinakasalan ni Paulita
Gomez. Tandang Selo- lolo ni Huli, Kabesang Tales- ama ni Huli. Padre Camorra- kura-paruko na
mukang artilyero ng kumbento ng Tiani na gumahasa kay Huli. Padre Salvi- ang pumalit kay Padre
Damaso bilang kura sa San Diego. Padre Fernandez- alagad ng Diyos na may sariling paninindigan
at ‘di nagpapa apekto sa nais ng nakararami. Padre Irene- taong may dalawang muka o tinatwag na
balimbing. Don Custodio- makapangyarihang mahilig sa posibilidad. Sandoval- banyagang nasa
Pilipinas na binalot na ang katauhan ng kulturang Pilipino. Macaraig- mayamang mag-aaral na
masigasig sa pagkakaroon ng akademya ng Wikang Espanyol. Tadeo- mag-aaral na walang
pagpapahalaga sap ag-aaral at pumapasok lamang upang alamin kung may pasok. Hermana
Penchang- nagpapanggap na relihiyoso at may kkayahang ipagkanulo ang pagtitiwala ng kapwa.
Donya Victorina- Pilipinang nag-aastang banyaga/dayuhan. Quiroga- isang tsino sa Binondo na
kaibigan ng mga prayle at nais magkaroon ng konsulado ng Tsina sa Pilipinas. Ben Zayb-
mamamahayag na Espanyol na ‘di patas sa pagsulat ng balita at mataas ang tingin sa sarili na siya
lamang ang nag-iisip sa Maynila.

Ang nobelang ini-akda ni Dr. Jose Rizal ay isang napakagandang likha, kahit na ako ay
nagbabasa lamang, hindi ko maiwasan na makaramdam ng kung ano-anong emosyon. Sa
pamamagitan nito ay mamumulat ka din sa mga reyalidad, at malalaman mo rin ang mga nangyayari
sa Pilipinas sa pamamagitan ng nobelang inilikha ni Dr. Jose Rizal.

Repleksyon sa Unang Markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao

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 Ang aming mga tinalakay sa unang markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao ay, una Ang
Mataas na Gamit at Tunguhin ng Isip at Kilos-loob. Dahil ditto, nalaman ko ang pinaka gamit at
tunguhin ng isip at kilos-loob, sa pag-aaral din ng talakayin na ito ay malalaman ang ating kahinaan
at dahil don maaari tayong gumawa ng hakbang upang ito ay malagpasan. Sunod na aming tinalakay
na aralin ay Ang Kapangyarihang Ipinagkaloob sa Tao: Isip (Intellect) at Kilosloob (Will). Sa
pamamagitan ng pag-aaral dito ay makakagawa ako ng angkop na kilos sa kung anong sitwasyon at
maipapakita ko ang kakayahan kong mahanap ang katotohanan na maglingkod ng tama at makapag-
mahal ng tama. Sunod na aralin ay ang Prinsipyo ng Likas na Batas Moral, ditto ay natutunan ko
kung paano matukoy ang mga prinsipyo ng likas na batas moral, naturuan din akong suriin ang mga
pasiyang ginagawa sa pang araw-araw gamit ang aking konsensiya.

Ang sumunod na aming tinalakay ay ang Paghubog ng Konsiyensiya Batay sa Likas na

Batas Moral. Dito malalaman na kung ang konsensiyang aking nahubog, ay batay ba sa likas na
batas moral ang nagsilbing gabay sa tamang pagpapasiya at pagkilos. Pagkatapos ay sunod naman
na aming tinalakay ang Pagtatama ng Maling Pasya. Natutunan ko ditto ay gumawa ng angkop na
kilos upang maitama ang naging maling pasiya. Nalaman naman naming ditto sa sunod na aralin ang
Ang tunay na kahulugan ng Kalayaan. Aming binigyang tunay na kahulugan muna ang Kalayaan,
at pagkatapos ay tinukoy naming ang mga naging/nagiging pasiya at kilos naming kung tumutugon
bai to sa tunay na Kalayaan.

Ngayon naman ay tinalakay namin ang tungkol sa Pagmamahal at Paglilingkod Tugon sa

Tunay na Kalayaan. Napatunayan ko dahil ditto sa aralin na ito na kaya kong tumugon sa tawag ng
pagmamahal at paglilingkod, nalaman ko din ditto na nakagawa na pala ako ng kilos na tumutugon
sa tunay na Kalayaan.

Ang Kahulugan ng Dignidad, ditto ay napaliwanag naming ang kahulugan ng dignidad sa

tao, at nakapag-suri din kami kung bakit ang kahirapan ay paglabag sa dignidad ng mga mahihirap at
indigenous groups. Pinag-aralan naman naming ditto ang Dignidad: Batayan ng Pagkabukod-tangi
ng Tao. Nalaman ditto na nakabatay ang dignidad ng tao sa kanyang pagkabukod tangi at sa
pagkawangis niya sa Diyos. Naturuan din kaming gumawa ng angkop na kilos para sa mga taong
itinuturing na mababa ang sarili na siya ay bukod tangi dahil sa kanyang taglay na dignidad bilang
tao.

Ang mga tinalakay na aralin ditto sa unang markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao ay

madali lamang para sa akin na matutunan kung ito ay isinasa-isp at isinasa-puso.

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 Repleksyon sa Ikalawang Markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao

Ang unang aralin sa ikalawang markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao ay Ang

Pagkukusa sa Makataong Kilos. Kapag ikaw ay tunay na natuto sa araling ito dapat na matukoy
kung ang iyong ginawang kilos ay nagmula ba sa kalooban na malayang isinagawa sa
pamamatnubay ng isip/kaalaman, dapat mo din matukoy ang iyong mga kilos na dapat panagutan.
Sunod naming tinalakay ay ang Mapanagutan sa Sariling Kilos. Dito naman ay malalaman kung
gamit ang katwiran ay sinadya ba at niloob ng tao ang maka taong kilos, kung iyong natukoy na ay
dapat na kayang panagutan ang naging kilos kawastuhan man o kamalian.

Ating alamin naman ang Mga Salik na Nakaaapekto sa Kilos at Pasiya. Dito naman ay
matututunan mong maipaliwanag ang bawat salik na nakaaapekto sa pananagutan nang
kinahinatnan ng iyong kilos at pasiya. Sunod na aaralin ay ang Pananagutan sa Kahihinatnan ng
Kilos at Pasiya, ditto ay nalaman kong nakaaapekto ang kamangmangan, masidhing damdamin,
takot, karahasan at gawi sa pananagutan ng tao sa kalalabasan ng kaniyang mga pasiya at kilos
dahil maaaring mawala ang pakukusa sa kilos.

Sa aralin naman na ito ay malalaman natin ang Mga Yugto ng Makataong Kilos, ipinaliwanag
naman ditto ang 12 na yugto ng makataong kilos. Sunod na tinalakay ay ang Kahalagahan ng
Deliberasyon ng Isip at Kilos-Loob, pagkatapos maipaliwanag ang bawat yugto ng makataong-
kilos ay dapat kang kakitaan ng kahalagahan ng deliberasyon ng isip at kilos-loob sa paggawa ng
moral na pasya at kilos. Sa pamamagitan ng kaalaman dito sa aralin na ito ay maaari mong masuri
ang sariling kilos at pasya batay sa mga yugto ng makataong kilos pagkatapos ay maaari kang
makagawa ng plano upang maitama mo ang iyong kilos at pasya.

Malalaman naman natin dito sa aralin ang Layunin, Paraan, at Sirkumstansya ng

Makataong Kilos. Ang aking naintindihan sa aralin na ito ay, makakapag suri tayo ng ating kilos
kung ito ba ay kabutihan o kasamaan. Ang huling aralin na aming tinalakay ay ang Kabutihan o
Kasamaan ng Sariling Pasya o Kilos, kung saan aking nalaman na ang layunin, paraan, at
sirkumstansya ng makataong kilos ay nagtatakda ng pagkamabuti o pagkasama ng kilos na tao.

Ang mga aralin na tinalakay sa ikalawang markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao ay halos

tungkol sa mga pagpapasiya at pagsasagawa ng kilos, kung saan akin namang naintindihan.

19
 Repleksyon sa Ikatlong Markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao

Ang aming unang tinalakay sa ikatlong markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao ay Ang

Kahalagahan ng Pagmamahal ng Diyos at Pagmamahal sa Diyos. Sinabi sa module na ang
pagmamahal ng Diyos ay isang biyaya ng espiritu, ito ang magiging batayan at pamantayan ng ating
buhay at pagpapasiyang moral. Ang bawat pangyayari sa buhay ng tao ay mula sa kaniyang
pagpapasiya kaya’t kailangan matutuhan at maisabuhay ang kahalagahan ng pagmamahal sa Diyos.
Nakasaad o nabanggit din sa module na ang pagmamahal ng Diyos ay sentro ng pananampalataya.
Anumang espiritwal at matalik na pakikipag-ugnayan sa Diyos. Ito ang pangunahing daan upang
mapasimula ng tao ang kaalaman ukol sa Diyos na maitututring na pinakamahalagang batayan
upang maisabuhay ng tao ang kaniyang kaganapan at tumugon sa kaalaman ng Diyos.

Nabanggit din sa module ang apat na uri ng pagmamahal ayon kay C.S. Lewis, ito ay ang
Affection, Philia, Eros, at Agape. Naibahagi din ditto kung paano mas mapapaunlad ang
pagmamahal sa Diyos at pagpapakita ng pagmamahal sa Diyos.

Amin namang natalakay kung paano ang Paggalang sa Buhay, aking natutunan, na kung
aking ginagalang ang buhay na bigay ng Diyos, ay dapat ko itong mahalin ng lubos at laging iingatan
ang sarili kahit ano o saan mang sitwasyon tayo mapunta. Sunod naming natalakay ay ang mga
Isyung Moral Tungkol sa Buhay. Madaming isyu tungkol sa buhay ang nagpapakita ng immoral,
kaya naman para sa akin, upang ako ay maka-iwas sa mga isyung ito ay kailangan kong gumawa ng
matalinong pagpapasiya anong mang desisyon ang aking gawin sa aking buhay.

Ang huling aming natalakay sa ikatlong markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao ay tungkol

sa Isyung Pangkalikasan. Ang aking nabaon sa araling ito, ay dapat nating pangalagaan ang ating
kalikasan dahil ito ang nagsisilbi nating tahanan, ating iwasan ang mga gawain na makakasira para
sa ating pinakamamahal na kalikasan.

Ang mga aralin na ito ay walang patutunguhan kung atin lamang isina-isip, upang maiwasan
natin ang mga negatibong sitwasyon sa aking mga natalakay na aralin, ay dapat din natin itong isa-
puso. Dahil kung atin itong isinasa-puso, maiiwasan ang mga pangyayaring hindi kaaya-aya sa
paningin ng ating mahal na Panginoon.

20
 Repleksyon sa Ika-apat na Markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao

Ang aralin sa ika-apat na markahan ng Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao na aming unang

tinalakay ay ang mga Isyung Kaugnay sa Kawalan ng Paggalang sa Dignidad at Sekswalidad.

Nabanggit dito sa module ang mga isyu ng kawalan ng paggalang sa dignidad at sekswalidad tulad

ng Pagtatalik bago ang kasal (pre-marital sex)- Ito ay gawaing pagtatalik ng isang babae at lalaki

na wala pa sa tamang edad o nasa edad man ngunit hindi pa kasal . Pornograpiya- Ito ay galing sa

salitang Griyego “porne”na ang kahulugan ay prostitute o taong nagbebenta ng panandaliang aliw at

“graphos” na nangangahulugang pagsulat o paglalarawan. - Ito ay biswal na representasyon ng

sekswalidad na binabago ang sekswal na pananaw at pag-uugali ng tao, gayundin ang paningin

patungkol sa pakikipagtalik at conjugal relationships (Fagan, 2009). Pang-aabusong Seksuwal- Ito

ay anyo ng karahasan kung saan ang hindi ginusto o hindi inanyayahang sekswal na kilos o gawain

ay pinilit ng isang salarin sa isang tao nang walang pahintulot nila, gamit ang pagbabanta, pananakot,

o panloloko, at sanhi ng pagkabalisa at takot sa personal na kaligtasan ng nabiktima, anoman ang

kasarian at edad nito. Prostitusyon- Ito ay sinasabing pinakamatandang propesyon o gawain. Ito ay

pangangalakal ng serbisyo ng pakikipagtalik kapalit ng pera o personal na pakinabang (Revised

Penal Code). Binabayaran ang pakikipagtalik upang ang tao ay makadama ng kasiyahang sekswal.

Ang sumunod na aming aralin na tinalakay ay ang Pagiging Mapanuri at Mapanindigan sa

mga Isyung Sekswalidad sa Ngayon. Aming pinagtuunan at binasa sa module ang tungkol sa

Batayang Moral hinggil sa Relasyong Sekswal, at ang Mga Paraan upang Magkaroon ng

Malinis na Pakikipagugnayan sa Katapat na Kasarian.

Ang mga aralin na aming natalakay sa ika-apat na markahan sa Edukasyon sa Pagpapakatao

ay tungkol sa mga isyu na nagpapakita ng kawalan ng paggalang sa dignidad at sekswalidad ng

21
isang tao. Ang mga aralin na ito ay mas napalawak ang aking kaisipan tungkol sa mga isyu sa aking

kapaligiran.

Reflection Paper in M.A.P.E.H Quarter 1

In quarter 1 M.A.P.E.H.- Health, the first lesson we tackled is about Components of

Consumer Health. Consumer Health is not just about buying health products and services. It is also
about making decisions and having a clear and deeper understanding to make wise choices.
Consumer health has three components, health information, health products, and health
services. Health information is any personal information about your health or disability. In this
module, some important details were discussed like, criteria and guidelines in assessing health
information, the health services, health products, and the reliable and unreliable sources of health
information.

The second lesson is about Healthcare Providers and Fraudulent Services. It discussed
here the health professionals. Health Professionals- these are individuals who are trained and
licensed to practice medicine along with allied health programs and work in the medical profession.
The health services are also mentioned, these are usually offered by healthcare providers, and a
health care provider is a trained professional who provides people with healthcare. Healthcare
Facilities - these are places or institutions that offer healthcare services, the different types of
facilities are Hospital, Walk-in Surgery Center, Health Center, and Extended Healthcare Facility.
Health Insurance- it is a financial agreement between an insurance company and an individual or
group for the payment of healthcare cost. Quackery- a form of health fraud, an advertisement,
promotion, or sale of products and services that have not been scientifically proven safe and
effective. It is being operated by a quack. A quack is a person who dishonestly pretends to have
medical skills or knowledge. There are three forms of quackery, The Medical Quackery, Nutrition
Quackery, and the Device Quackery.

In quarter 1 M.A.P.E.H.- Physical Education, the first lesson we tackled is about Strength
Training. The five basic strength training exercise were discussed, including the benefits of the
exercise training, food requirements, food and nutrients, proper nutrition for exercise, and the FITT
Principle (Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type). The heart rate and rate of perceived exertion were
explained, and also the importance of lifting weights

The next lesson in Physical Education is about Yoga as Recreational Activity. First, the yoga
was explained, then it tackled about the Precautionary Measures, Food Requirements, and the
Introduction to Yoga.
22
 I quite understand the lessons, but not enough to stick the knowledge in my mind, it would be
great if these lessons were discussed in a face-to-face class.

Reflection Paper in M.A.P.E.H Quarter 2

The lessons we tackled in M.A.P.E.H. Quarter 2 Health were, Health Related Laws. This
module contains the discussion of Consumer Act of the Philippines (RA 7394), Traditional and
Alternative Medicine Act of 1997 (RA 8423), and the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive
Health Act of 2012 (RA 10354). Pillars of Reproductive Health were cited, the 1 st is Pillar 1: Informed
Choice, Pillar 2: Respect for Life, Pillar 3: Birth Control, and Pillar 4: Responsible Parenthood.
Family planning and Responsible Parenthood were discussed, and also the 2 health issues, HIV and
AIDS.

The next lesson in quarter 2 health is, the significance of Health-Related Laws in
Safeguarding People’s Health. In my understanding, the discussion is all bout the health-related
laws and on how to safely guard the people’s health. The last lesson in quarter 2 health is about
Managing Health Trends, Issues, and Concerns. In this study, from what I have learned, it
discussed the trends that can be an issue that will concern the people’s health, it also talks about the
laws that can be charge if the issue and concerns got bigger.

The first lesson in music quarter 2 is about Afro-Latin American and Popular Music. These
are popular music genre of the 1950s and 1960s, which originated in the African-American
community throughout the United States. Here are some types of African Music; Afrobeat, Apala
(Akpala), Axe, Jit, Jive, Juju, Kwassa-Kwassa, and the Marabi. Vocal forms of African music;
Maracatu, Blues, Soul, Spiritual, and the Call and Response. Musical instruments of Africa;
Idiophones, Membranophones, Lamellaphone, Chordophones, and Aerophones. The next lesson is
same as the first lesson, we also tackled about the Afro-Latin American and Popular Music.

23
 These are the only parts of lessons that I quite understand, because this is also the time that
we need to study the modules by ourselves.

Reflection Paper in M.A.P.E.H Quarter 3

The lessons in M.A.P.E.H. quarter 3 is just in Health, the first lesson is about Global

Initiatives to Improve World Health. In my study, the discussion is all about the Global Crisis. There

are some organizations that were mentioned, and they were assigned to Disease Prevention and

Control. There is also a Major Global Health Initiatives whereas, they were established to tackle

increasing global health threats, reduce disparities within communities and between nations and

contribute to a world where people live healthier, safer, and longer lives.

The next lesson is about Health Impact to the Nation Due to Proper Implementation. In my

understanding, because of the proper implementation of health systems, there is a health impact to

the Nation, which is what we wanted. A proper implementation to avoid the struggles of people, and

all the organizations helping to ease our daily lives.

The last lesson in health quarter 3 is about the Effective Local Implementation to Achieve

the World Health Promotion. The Philippine government and the WHO, identified five strategic

priorities for WHO collaboration with the Philippines for 2017-2022. The main goal of WHO’s support

in the Philippines is to ensure that Filipinos, regardless of their age, gender, socioeconomic, and

cultural background, have the opportunity to lead healthy lives in healthy environments, including
24
through timely and equitable access to quality health services. To achieve the goal, they agreed to

focus on the following strategic health priorities: Save lives - ensure full access to immediate-impact

interventions. Promote well-being: empower people to promote healthy lives and enjoy responsive

health services. Protect health: anticipate and mitigate disasters, and environmental and emerging

health threats. Optimize health architecture: overcome fragmentation to achieve universal health

coverage. And the last, Use platforms for health: support health in all settings, policies, and sectors.

Reflection Paper in M.A.P.E.H Quarter 4

The first lesson we tackled in health quarter 4 is about the Components and Steps in
Preparing a Health Career Plan. These are the steps in preparing a health career plan, first – self-
assessment, second - career exploration, third - decision-making, fourth - plan of action.

The next study is about Preparing a Personal Health Career. For me, in preparing a personal
health career, you should consider the surroundings you such as the environment, income, in-
demand, ranking of choices, school to enroll, and of course the path you will take. Planning a
personal health career can help you to set health career goals and plan actions to realize this goal.

Now, you will learn in this part the Selecting a Health Career Pathway. There are 12 various
health career pathways which you can explore, these are; Community Health Care, Dental Health,
Disease Prevention and Control, Drug Prevention and Control, Emergency Medical Services,
Environmental Healthcare Management, Health Education, Maternal and Child Care, Nutrition,
Occupational Safety, and Personal Health Care.

Lastly, we will tackle the only lesson in Physical Education for the quarter 4 of M.A.P.E.H. This
is about the Cheer dance. Cheerleading involves performing routines which include aspects of
dance, gymnastics, and acrobatics such as tumbling, stunting, and jumping. The foods that a cheer
dance will need were discussed here, and the proper way of doing a cheer dancing.
25
 Repleksyon sa Unang Markahan ng Araling Panlipunan

Ang unang aming tinalakay sa unang markahan ng araling panlipunan ay ang

Kontemporaryong Isyu. Ang kontemporaryo ay tumutukoy sa mga pangyayaring maaaring maka
apekto sa mga tao sa lipunan. Ang isyu naman ay mga pangyayari, suliranin, o paksa na napag-
uusapan at maaaring dahilan o batayan ng debate. May iba’t-ibang uri ng kontemporaryong isyu sa
lipunan, iyo ay ang panlipunan, pangkalakalan, pangkapaligiran, at pangkalusugan.

Sunod na tinalakay ay ang Mga Isyung Pangkapaligiran, ditto ay mayroong tatlong

paksa na pag-aaralan, Ang Suliranin sa Solid Waste, Pagkasira ng mga Likas na Yaman, at ang
Cimate Change. Sa kasalukuyan, ang Pilipinas ay madaming kinahaharap na suliraning
pangkapaligiran, at ito ay nakaka apekto sa mga tao sa lipunan sa pang araw-araw na pamumuhay.
Sa kabila ng ating mga nakukuhang yaman sa kapaligiran, ito ay nakakabahala dahil hindi natin
ibinabalik ang magandang bagay na iyon sa kapaligiran. Kapag ang ating pangkapaligirang yaman ay
nauubos na, doon pa lamang kumikilos ang mga tao na solusyonan ang problema. Ang aralin na ito
ay hindi lang dapat inaaral para makakuha ng mataas na grado sa eskwelahan, subalit ating gawin
ito na makapag bubukas ng mata sa mga tao para sila ay kumilos na solusyonan, hindi lamang puro
saya ang ginagawa.

Ang sunod naman ay Paghahandang Nararapat Gawin sa Harap ng Panganib na

Dulot ng Suliraning Pangkapaligiran. Ang aralin na ito ay magsisilbing ating gabay o impormasyon
para sa kaalaman natin kung ano ang gagawin kapag may sakuna. Dahil sa pang-aabuso sa
kalikasan, ay madaming natural disaster ang nangyayari, kaya’t ating paghandaan ito sa
pamamagitan ng ituturong kaalaman ng module na ito. Sunog na aralin ay may kaugnay dito, ito ay
ang Kahalagahan ng Kahandaan, Disiplina at Kooperasyon sa Pagtugon sa mga Hamong
Pangkapaligiran, ito ay dapat na i-apply sa naunang aralin para sa kaligtasan pag may sakuna.
26
 Mga Hakbang Sa Pagbuo Ng Community-Based Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Plan, ang huling aralin na tinalakay sa araling panlipunan quarter 1. Dito sa aralin na
ito ay dapat na matutunan mo ang pagbuo ng plano na maaaring makatulog sa iyo sa panahon ng
sakuna. Ito ay dapat na nakahanda lagi para paghandaan ang mga sakuna na darating.

Ang huling aralin na aming tinalakay ay tungkol sa MIGRASYON: Perspektibo at pananaw.

Sa aralin na ito ay natalakay ang mga sumusunod; Globalisasyon ng migrasyon, Mabilisang paglaki
ng migrasyon, Pagkakaiba-iba ng uri ng migrasyon.

Repleksyon sa Ikalawang Markahan ng Araling Panlipunan

27
 Unang aralin na aming tinalakay ay tungkol sa Globalisasyon, ito ay proseso ng mabilisang pagdaloy o
paggalaw ng mga tao, bagay, impormasyon at produkto sa iba’t ibang direksiyon na nararanasan sa iba’t ibang
panig ng daigdig. Narito ang epekto ng globalisyon na aking nalaman sa module, una ay ang paniniwalang ang
globalisasyon ay taal o nakaugat sa bawat isa. Ikalawa ay sinasabi na ang globalisasyon ay isang mahabang
siklo (cycle) ng pagbabago. Ayon kay Scholte (2005), maraming ‘globalisasyon’ na ang dumaan sa mga
nakalipas na panahon at ang kasalukuyang globalisasyon ay makabago at higit na mataas na anyo na
maaaring magtapos sa hinaharap.

Ikalawang aralin ay ang mga Mga Isyu sa Paggawa, ipinaliwanag dito ang mga suliranin sa paggawa.
Una na diyan ay ang Kontraktuwalisasyon o “Endo”, ito ay isang iskema upang higit na pababain ang
sahod, tanggalan ng benepisyo, at tanggalan ng seguridad sa trabaho ang mga manggagawa. Pangalawa ay
ang Job-Mismatch, ito ay tumutukoy sa isang kalagayan sa paggawa kung saan ang isang indibidwal ay may
trabaho ngunit hindi tugma sa kakayanan o pinagaralan nito. Sunod ay ang Mura at Flexible Labor, ito ay
isang paraan ng mga kapitalista o mamumuhunan upang palakihin ang kanilang kinikita at tinutubo sa
pamamagitan ng pagpapatupad ng mababang pasahod at paglimita sa panahon ng paggawa ng mga
manggagawa. Mababang Pasahod, ang mababang pagpapasahod ng mga kapitalista sa mga manggagawa
ngunit gumugugol ng mahabang oras sa pagtatrabaho. Pandemiyang COVID-19, marami ang nawalan at
natigil sa paggawa dahil sa virus na ito. Nabanggit din ditto ang pagiging unemployment at
underemployment.

Sunod na aralin ay ang Mga Dahilan at Epekto ng Migrasyon. Ang migrasyon ay ang paglipat mula
sa ibang lugar pansamantala o permanente. Ang kadalasang epekto nito lalo na sa mga magulang ay ang
pagkalayo ng loob ng kanilang anak sa kanila, at ang isa pang kadalasang nangyayari ay pang pagka-sira ng
pamilya.

Ang sunod na aralin ay ang Saloobin Tungkol sa Epekto ng Migrasyon Dulot ng Globalisasyon.
Para sa aking pagkaka-unawa, ang aking masasaloob para dito ay nakakalungkot lalo na sa may mga
pamilyang nasisira kapag ang isa sa kanilang miyembro ng pamilya lalo na ang magulang ay nagmimigrasyon
patungo sa ibang bansa.

Ang huling aralin ay tungkol sa Mga Dahilan at Konsepto ng Migrasyon Dulot ng Globalisasyon.
Ang isyu ng migrasyon ay lubos na nakapagbago sa buhay ng maraming bilang ng mga Pilipino. Malaki ang
ginampanan ng dahilang pang-ekonomiya sa pagpunta ng maraming mga Pilipino sa ibang bansa. Malaki ang
naipapadalang dolyar ng mga OFW sa kani-kanilang kamag-anak sa bansa na nag-aambag naman sa pag-
angat ng ekonomiya ng bansa.

Repleksyon sa Ikatlong Markahan ng Araling Panlipunan

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 Ang aming tinalakay na aralin sa ikatlong markahan ay tungkol sa, Uri ng Gender,Sex at
Gender Roles sa Iba’t Ibang Bahagi ng Daigdig, Mga Isyu sa Kasarian at Lipunan, Tugon ng
Pamahalaan at Mamamayan ng Pilipinas sa mga Isyu ng Karahasan at Diskriminasyon,
Pagtanggap at Paggalang sa Kasarian, Mga Dahilan at Konsepto ng Migrasyon Dulot ng
Globalisasyon.

Ang mga tinalakay na mga aralin sa ikatlong markahan ng araling panlipunan ay aking
ipapaliwanag na lamang ng buo. Itong aralin ay tumutukoy sa mga LGBTQIA+, na ang ibig sabihin
ay Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-Transgender-Queer-Intersex-Asexual.

Magka-iba ang konsepto na mayroon ang Gender at Sex. Ang Sex ay tumutukoy sa kasariang
nagtutukoy kung ikaw ay babae o lalaki, at ayon naman sa World Health Organization (WHO), ito
daw ay biyolohikal na tumutukoy sa pagkakaiba ng pisikal na kaanyuan ng babae at lalaki.

Ang Gender naman ay tumtutukoy sa mga panlipunang gampanin, kilos, at gayak. Hindi
lamang sa dalawa nahahati ang gender, mayroon itong iba’t-ibang uri ng kasarian.

Ang unang uri ng kasarian sa gender ay ang Lesbian, ito ay mga babae gumagayak at
kumikilos ng panlalaki, Sila rin ay umiibig sa kanilang kapwa babae. Gay, mga lalaki na may pusong
babae, gumagayak at kumikilos sila ng pambabae, at sila ay umiibig sa kapwa lalaki. Bisexual, ito ay
mga taong nakakaramdam ng atraksiyon sa parehong babae at lalaki o sa dalawang kasarian.
Transgender, mga taong nakakaramdam na mayroong hindi tama sakanilang katawan, maaaring
sila ay transgender o ang mga tao na nagpapalit ng kasarian sa pamamagitan ng surgery. Queer,
mga taong ang kasarian ay labas sa tinatawag na gender binary dahil sila ay maaaring kinikilala ang
kanilang sarili bilang parehong babae at lalaki o di kaya naman ay hindi babae o lalaki. Intersex, mga
taong ipinanganak na nagtataglay ng dalawang kasarian maaaring sa “hormones” at “genetal”.
Asexual, mga taong walang nararamdamang atraksiyong seksuwal sa anumang kasarian.

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 Repleksyon sa Ika-apat na Markahan ng Araling Panlipunan

Ang aming tinalakay na aralin sa ikatlong markahan ay tungkol sa, Kahalagahan ng Aktibong
Pagkamamamayan, Pagkabuo ng Karapatang Pantaoc Batay sa Universal Declaration of
Human Rights, Politikal at Pansibikong Pakikilahok, at ang Papel ng Mamamayan sa
Pagkakaroon ng Mabuting Pamahalaan.

Ang mga paliwanag na nakapaloob dito ay tungkol sa citizenship ng isang tao. Ligal na
Pananaw ng Pagkamamamayan, ang konsepto ng citizenship (pagkamamamayan) o ang
kalagayan o katayuan ng isang tao bilang miyembro ng isang pamayanan o estado ay maaaring
iuggat sa kasaysayan ng daigdig.

Ang aking pagkakaintindi sa citizenship ng isang tao, ay maaari siyang kilalanin na Pilipino
kung ang kanyang mga magulang ay Pilipino, o ‘di kaya naman ay mayroong isang Pilipino sa
kanyang mga magulang. Mayroon din na ang iba ay gumagamit ng naturalization citizenship, o ang
pag-aapply nito sa pamahalaan at mayroong karampatang taon lamang ang kanyang pagka Pilipino.

Nalaman ko naman na mayroong batas para sa pagiging o citizenship ng isang mamamayan,

ito ay ang itinuro ng aking guro sa araling panlipunan. Sa Artikulo IV Pagkamamamayan Seksiyon,
ang sumusunod ay mamamayan ng Pilipinas; (1) Yaong mamamayan ng Pilipinas sa panahon ng
pagpapatibay ng saligang batas na ito, (2) Yaong ang ama o ina ay mamamayan ng Pilipinas. (3)
Yaong mga isinilang bago sumapit ang Enero 17, 1973 na ang mga ina ay Pilipino, na pumili ng
pagkamamamayang Pilipino. (4) Yaong mga naging mamamayan ayon sa batas.

Ang mga impormasyon na ito ay aking mga natutunan sa aking guro dahil ito ay tinuro
harapang pagkaklase. Naging malawak ang aking pagkaka intindi sa mga aralin na ito dahil
naipaliwanag ng maayos ng aking guro ang konsepto ng pagkamamamayan.

30
 Reflection Paper in T.L.E. Quarter 1

The first module is about Preparing a Range of Appetizers. Appetizers are small serving of
foods and beverages which help in increasing the appetite slightly. It is usually served before the
main meal. They are also known as hors d’oevres and vary from country to country. The Principles
and Procedures in Preparing Appetizers, and Variety of Ingredients in Preparing Appetizers, were
discussed. There are seven classification of appetizers, these are Canapé, Cocktails, Relishes,
Dips, Hors d’ oevres, Salads, and Soup. Finger foods and garnishes were also mentioned in the
module. And also, you will learn how to storage appetizers, and the tools and equipment used I
storing appetizers.

In Module 2, we learned how to Prepare Sandwiches. Sandwich, is broadly defined as

“any filling on top of or between any outer coverings”. There are four main categories in sandwich; the
hearty sandwich, finger sandwiches, small, dainty sandwiches, and hot sandwiches. The Principles
and Procedures in Preparing Sandwiches were discussed. These are the types of sandwich that we
learned, simple cold sandwiches, club sandwich, BLT (Bacon, Lettuce, Tomato), panini sandwich,
and hot sandwich. The procedure in making a hot and cold sandwiches were discussed, and also the
method of preparing sandwiches; spreading, layering, piping, portioning, molding, and cutting.

These lessons that were tackled are so fun, especially when we were assigned to make these
foods. And I also learned lots of recipes that are easy to make.

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 Reflection Paper in T.L.E. Quarter 2

Module 1, the lesson we tacked here, is about Preparing Egg Dishes. Most of baked
products are not complete without the eggs. They are very vital not only in baking but in every kitchen
as well. The eggs protective coating or mucin layer which aids in the maintenance of its freshness by
covering the small holes in the shell is called bloom. During washing, bloom is removed, therefore it is
not advisable to wash eggs prior to storage unless it is very dirty. Removal of mucin will expose the
holes, making the egg susceptible to bacterial penetration and dehydration, thus hastening
deterioration of its quality.

Storage eggs should be stored properly to prevent increase in alkalinity and bacterial growth.
They should be stored in a cool, dry place to retard deterioration as enzymatic activity is greater in
room temperature.

Methods in preparing egg dishes were discussed; dry heat preparation, and moist heat
preparation.

The second module discussed the Preparation of Pasta Grain and Farinaceous Dishes.
Pasta, in Italy, the word pasta means “paste” because pasta is made from the mixture of wheat flour
and water, and sometimes eggs. Pasta is made from the dough that has been shaped and dried. East
Asian noodles originated in China that spread into neighboring countries such as Korea, Japan,
Vietnam, Philippines, Thailand, Cambodia.

The next module, we studied the different kind of soup dishes, clear soup, thick soup, and
bisque. We also learned that there is Five Mother Sauces, and the 3 basic components in making
sauce.

After studying these lessons, my favorite part comes in. We were always tasked to make food
that is related to our topic, and we are assigned to make a pasta, so we made pasta.

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33
 Reflection Paper in T.L.E. Quarter 3

In module 1, we studied how to prepare seafood dishes. In this module, I was able and

learned to discuss principles and procedure in the preparing seafood dishes, identify the ingredients

according to the given recipe, prepare variety of seafood dishes based on appropriate techniques,

present seafood dishes attractively using suitable garnishes, condiments, and lastly, store seafoods

hygienically at the proper temperature.

You can also learn in this module on how to debone a milk fish, and also study what’s in farm-

raised tilapia and catfish.

Moving on to the next module, we’ll learn how to prepare a poultry dishes. Poultry cookery,

poultry like meat may be cooked by either dry or moist heat method. The choice of method depends

mainly upon the age of the bird instead of the location of the part of the carcass an in the case of

meat. The cooking methods are grilling, baking, deep-frying, and shallow frying. Other poultry are

pecking duck, duck or itik, and squab.

I like how we are asked to make food in connecting to our topic, because even if I understand

the lessons, it won’t stick to my mind. Unless we do it ourselves.

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 Reflection Paper in T.L.E. Quarter 4

The lesson we learned in T.L.E. quarter is all about First Aid, first and immediate assistance

or treatment given to the victim of an accident, sudden injuries, or sickness before a qualified medical

personnel arrive or the victim is taken/carried to the hospital. A first aid is provided with care to

preserve life, prevent the condition from becoming worse, and to promote recovery.

A first aider is the one who administer first aid, it gives the immediate help to the casualty

and those around the casualty (including themselves) are safe. Red cross society is the organization

involved in the training of individuals who administers first aid.

First aid box, a compact rectangular box where first aid materials are kept. It is usually

made of wood, although it may be made of plastic or metal.

Types of first aid; emergency first aid, and non-emergency first aid. Responsibilities of a

first aider are to asses the victim situation quickly and calmly, Protect the victim from excessive loss

of blood. Protect yourself and them from any danger. Prevent infection between you and them. Allow

the casualty access to fresh air. Comfort and reassure the victim. Assess the casualty and give first

aid treatment. Arrange for help if needed.

ABC of first aid, Airways, Bleeding, Circulation. Bleeding, the loss of blood, it can be

external or outside the body, like when you get a cut or wound. It can also be internal or inside the

body, like when you have an injury to an internal organ. Types of bleeding; Arterial bleeding, Venous

Bleeding, and Capillary bleeding. Circulation, the movement of blood through the vessels of the

body induced by the pumping action of the heart. And the next lesson is about doing a CPR- Cardio

Pulmonary Resuscitation, it explains the procedure on how to do the CPR properly.

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