Journal / Article Topic Similarities Differences

Design of an Automated Solar- Design of an Both devices can Our research is

Powered Light Trap for
Automated Solar- attract pest using about controlling
Monitoring and Mass Trapping of
Powered Light UV light. farm pests while
Major Date Palm Pests Trap for the other research
Monitoring and It helps the farmers is about palm
By: Maged E.A. Mohammed, Mass Trapping of to save time and pests
Hamadttu A.F. El-Shafie and Major Date Palm energy.
Mohammed Bin Refdan Al-Hajhoj Pests The first one is
It is both effective capable to
Reference: in controlling pests monitor the mass
https://www.researchgate.net/ in the crops. of the pest but the
publication/ other one is only
333045245_Design_of_an_automate It is both chemical collecting it
d_solar- free pest trap.
powered_light_trap_for_monitoring_
and_mass_trapping_of_major_date_ They are both using
palm_pests solar energy to
produce power and
METHODOLOGY energy.

A. Design and construction of the Both devices are

trap eco friendly that
A solar-powered insect light trap was can helps the
designed assembled and tested for agriculture.
both technical effective- ness and
efficacy in attraction of major date
palm pests. The trap was fabricated
using locally available materials and
characterized by a simple design, low
manufacturing costs and ease of
construction. The frame of the trap
was constructed from square shape
steel (25×25 mm) and (30×30 mm)
with 1.5 mm thickness. The frame
includes a control unit made of
galvanized smooth iron sheet of
(500×250 mm) with 1.5 mm
thickness for protecting the control
components from rain, dust and
direct sunlight. The schematic design
and dimensions of the trap as well as
the final model are illustrated in Fig.
2 and 3. The insect collecting unit,
photovoltaic system, and light
source, which represent the main
components of the trap.
B. Insect collecting unit
The insect collecting unit consisted
of the following components:
1. Four sheet blades (deflectors)
constructed from galvanized smooth
iron sheet of 220×250×400 mm for
top width, bottom width and height
re- spectively with 1.5mm thickness.
The deflectors were arranged around
the lamp with the purpose of
intercepting flying insects that hit
them and fall in the collection
bucket. Additionally, they also
reflect light and increase the lamp
coverage.
2. Collecting funnel constructed from
galvanized smooth iron sheet with
top outline dimensions of 500×500
mm, 250 mm height with 1.5 mm
thickness and insect circular exit
hole with diameter of 80 mm, and
3. Spherical insect collection bucket
having 300 mm diameter constructed
from stainless steel grid.

C. Photovoltaic system
The photovoltaic system of the light
trap consisted of the following
components:
1. Solar panel (Model: GH60M-18,
Class A, Mono- Si technology, rated
maximum power is 60W, and the
dimensions are 676×654×30 mm) for
collecting energy from the sun and
generating electricity.
2. Rechargeable battery (Model:
PSSLA33-12, 12Volt, and 33Ah) to
store the electrical energy for later
use.
3. Solar charge controller, (Model:
CMTD-2410, 10A, and 12V/24V
Auto Work) to ensure that the panel
and battery are working together in
an optimal fashion.
4. DC/AC power inverter, (Model:
PSA-150W, DC12V input Voltage,
AC 230 output Voltage 50/60Hz, and
150 W continuous power) for
suppling AC power output which
was needed for all lamps
representing different light sources.
5. Electrical control unit included a
microcomputer timer switch (Model:
KG316T, 17 on/off sets of time
controller, 7day, digital LCD) and
operating selector switches (Model:
XA2ED, 10A), proper wiring, circuit
breakers, and fuses for adjusting the
working hours for all light sources of
the trap.

D. Light sources (lamps)

1. Compact fluorescent light bulb
(CFL) (OSRAM, compact electronic
ballast inside the bulb, 20W,
220/240V, 50/60Hz, 1075Lm, day
light 6500K correlated color
temperature (CCT), and 400-500 nm
wavelength)
2. Light emitting diodes bulb (LED)
(V-TAC, A80, E27/B22 led bulb, 20
W, 110/220V 50/60Hz, 17000 lm,
6500K CCT, chips: SMD5730×30,
the color consists of different
wavelength (633 nm Red, 585 nm
Yellow, 560 nm Pure Green, and 470
nm Blue), and
3. Two black light fluorescent tubes
(BLF) with one ballast (TOSHIBA,
TL 8W/10, UV-A 350-400nm
wavelength, UV-B/UV-A ratioˆ0.1
%, UV-B 280-315nm wavelength,
220V, 20W total power)
A Prototype of Infrared Pest
Control Using Solar Energy for
Rice Crops

By: Christian U. Catalan

METHODOLOGY

A. Design consideration
The solar light trap is an
experimental research and conducted
to improve, assess, and reconstruct
the
performance based on the various
color of light sources. A total of 3
LED bulbs (5 watt) with different
colors like as white, blue, and ultra
violet-blue were collected from local
market. The solar panel and battery
were selected to provide the lighting
at least 9 hours from 8 in the evening
until 5 in the morning.

B. Solar Panel Size Calculation

The solar panel size calculated in
four steps. Firstly, the total load was
computed by multiplying the actual
load demand by their consumption
period (hour) using the equation.
Secondly, after the calculation of
total load, it was multiplied by
energy loss factor 1.3 to get the total
required energy of solar panel using
the equation.

Where, Wh is required watt-hours

per day. Thirdly, the equation was
used to calculate the panel capacity
by dividing the daily necessary
power by the panel generation factor
of 3.4. The formula was then used to
determine the necessary number of
solar panels.
Total load = Load (Watt) x Hour
(hr)

Panel energy neede = Total load x

 Wh
1.3
day

Where, Wh is required watt-hours

per day. Thirdly, the daily required
power was divided by panel
generation factor 3.4 to get the panel
capacity by using the equation.
Finally, required number of solar
panels was calculated using the
formula.

Panel capacity =
Daily required energy
panel generation factor

Number of solar panel =

Generated power ¿ the panel ¿
Panel rated watt

C. Battery sizing
The current flowing through a driver
between two places is precisely The
current flowing through a driver
between two places is precisely
proportional to the voltage between
the two points, according to Ohm's
law. Applying the following formula,
Power = V x 1, completes the
mathematical relationship by
counting the constant of proportion
and the resistance.

where the battery's voltage and

current were denoted by V and I.
Bulb necessary power (Watt) and
power loss (Watt) were taken into
account when calculating the total
required power in the circuit system.
The total spent energy of the light
trap was determined using the
formula: Energy (Watt) = Actual
power + power loss
Where, Wh is required watt-hours
per day. Thirdly, the equation was
used to calculate the panel capacity
by dividing the daily necessary
power by the panel generation factor
of 3.4. The formula was then used to
determine the necessary number of
solar panels.
Total input energy
Time (hrs.) =
Total output energy

D. Charging time (hour) of battery

The battery plays a key role in the
solar light trap's operation. The
battery should be fully charge in the
presence of sunshine and discharge at
night. The battery charging time for
the solar light trap needed to be
known. The performance of the solar
system typically depends on the
charging station and the capacity of
the battery. The battery's necessary
charging time was determined in two
steps: first. The following calculation
was used to get the required power
(watt) per hour:

Power (watt) = Current (I) x Volt

(V)

Where, I is the total uses solar panel

rated current and V is the maximum
power point of solar. Secondly, the
total power (watt) of the battery was
divided by total required energy
(watt) to calculate the charging time
of battery. The mathematical formula
for the charging time (t) of battery is
given below:

T =
Total required power of battery (watt)
Total required power (watt)

E. Drawing and assembly of light

trap
The AutoCAD view of the solar light
trap. Solar panel size was 54.60 cm
long and 34.5 cm wide respectively.
The panel module was inclined with
the angle of 23° at north-south
direction on the top of stand with the
help of 43 cm MS flat bar. However,
Fig. 2 illustrates the complete view
of solar light trap at study field
condition. The light trap was
assembled with the combination of
solar panel, electric cable, battery,
charge controller, bulb, and a
versatile framework. The locally
existing materials like MS rod, MS
flat bar, plastic-bowl, nuts and bolts
were used to fabricate the frame.
However, 5-watt LED bulb was
trimmed under the solar panel and
covered with a transparent plastic to
protect the bulb against rain and
other stormy weather conditions. MS
flat bar of 49.5 cm diameter used to
fit bowl with stand purpose of
providing extra support to plastic
bowl when half of bowl filled with
water.