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Sense Relations and Ambiguity

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Han Tran
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24 views

Sense Relations and Ambiguity

Uploaded by

Han Tran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sense relations

 Synonymy
 Antonymy
+ Binary antonymy (dead – alive; absent – present; true –
false): NO comparative/superlative; NO qs about degrees
+ gradable antonymy (cold – hot; rich – poor; new – old
…): comparative/superlative; Qs about degrees
+ relational antonymy (teacher – student; above –
below…): If …. Then
“If A is B’s teacher, then B is A’s student.”
“If A is above B, then B is below A.”
Father – mother: Not relational antonymy
“If A is B’s father, then B is A’s mother.”
Husband – wife: Relational antonymy
“If A is B’s husband, then B is A’s wife.”

Give – receive: relational antonymy


“If A gives sth to B, then B receives sth from A.”
Wide – narrow: gradable antonymy
Wider – narrower
“If A is wider than B, then B is narrower than A.”

HOMONYMY (đồng âm đồng tự)


+ same written form, same sound form
+ different meanings
+ no relation
+ bank – bank; bear (n) – bear (v); left – left; bat – bat;

HOMOPHONY (đồng âm)


+ same sound form
+ different written form
+ different meanings
+ hour – our; two - to
HOMOGRAPHY (đồng tự)
+ same written form
+ different sound form
+ different meanings
+ tear (V) – tear (N); present (adj) – present (V
SENSE RELATIONS: synonymy, antonymy (binary,
gradable, relational), homonymy, homophony,
homography, hyponymy

POLYSEMY
Polysemous words
+ different meanings
+ related
He’s a good man. He often donates money to the charity.
Good = nice
He’s a good artist. His paintings are worth thousand
dollars.
Good = talented
[+good character/feature]
AMBIGUITY
She killed a man with a tie.  structural ambiguity
 She used a tie to kill a man. / With a tie, she
killed a man.
 She killed a man who was wearing a tie.
I love hunting dogs.  structural ambiguity.
 I’m interested in hunting for dogs.
 I love dogs who are trained to hunt animals.

The hunter went home with 5 bucks.  lexical ambiguity


Buck = dollar
Buck = rabbit
 The hunter went home with 5 dollars.
 The hunter went home with 5 rabbits.

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