SỞ GD&ĐT QUẢNG NAM ĐỀ THI HỌC SINH GIỎI CẤP TRƯỜNG

TRƯỜNG THPT CHUYÊN LẦN 2, NĂM HỌC: 2021-2022

LÊ THÁNH TÔNG MÔN: TIẾNG ANH – KHỐI 10
Ngày thi: 16/03/2022
Thời gian: 180 phút (không kể thời gian giao đề)

Điểm Giám khảo 1 Giám khảo 2

Bằng số Bằng chữ

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECTION A. LISTENING (40 points)
HƯỚNG DẪN PHẦN THI NGHE HIỂU
• Bài nghe gồm 3 phần, mỗi phần được nghe 2 lần, mỗi lần cách nhau 15 giây, mở đầu và kết thúc
mỗi phần nghe có tín hiệu.
• Mở đầu và kết thúc bài nghe có tín hiệu nhạc. Thí sinh có 3 phút để hoàn chỉnh bài trước tín hiệu
nhạc kết thúc bài nghe.
• Mọi hướng dẫn cho thí sinh (bằng tiếng Anh) đã có trong bài nghe.

Part 1. For questions 1-5, you will hear two sports commentators called Heidi Stokes and Rob Aslett
taking part in a discussion on the subject of gyms. Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best
according to what you hear. Write your answers in the corresponding boxes provided. (10 points)
1. What do Rob and Heidi think about government proposals regarding the problem of
obesity?
A. They over-emphasise the role of dietary factors.
B. They represent a radical solution that must be worth trying.
C. They over-estimate the extent to which the fitness industry can help.
D. They are attempting to accommodate too many varied perspectives.
2. Heidi agrees with the suggestion that regular gym attendance
A. can discourage people from keeping fit in other ways.
B. may lead to obsessive behaviour in some cases.
C. generally forms the basis of a healthy lifestyle.
D. could be harder to keep up in rural areas.
3. When asked about motivation, Rob suggests that many gym clients lose interest
A. if they don’t get good value for money.
B. if they don’t find it enjoyable on a social level.
C. if they don’t make it part of a wider fitness regime.
D. if they don’t perceive real gains in personal fitness.
4. What does Heidi suggest about membership levels in gyms?

Page 1 of 15
A. The best ones restrict access at peak times.
B. Most recruit more people than they can cope with.
C. It is impossible to predict demand with any accuracy.
D. Over-recruitment can be counter-productive in the long run.
5. Rob thinks the key to successful gym marketing lies in
A. remaining true to the core values of fitness and strength.
B. appealing to a wide cross-section of the population.
C. joining forces with providers of related activities.
D. specialising in the needs of certain key groups.

Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Part 2. For questions 6-10, you will hear two students, Brett and Mica, on an environmental studies
course talking to their tutor about a photography assignment. Listen and answer the following
questions, using NO MORE THAN FIVE WORDS for each answer. (10 pts)
6. In case of bad weather, what should students think carefully about when it comes to photography?
_______________________________________________________________
7. What does Brett want to take advantage of when photographing near water?
_______________________________________________________________
8. What can they avoid when using a piece of equipment called an “angle finder”?
_______________________________________________________________
9. According to the tutor and Brett, whose works or paintings should they use to generate ideas?
_______________________________________________________________
10. What issues should they think about when deciding on what to photograph?
_______________________________________________________________

Your answers:
6. 7.
8. 9.
10.

Part 3. For questions 11-20, you will listen to a piece of news from BBC. Complete the sentences
by writing NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Write your
answers in the space provided. (20 pts)
Recently in the Great Pyramids, a 100-feet long space, which is called a (11) __________, has been
discovered lately. According to the “Nature”, this is a significant discovery to the archaeology because
since the 1800s, there has no other significant discovery like this (12) __________. However, whether
this can help to unravel the ancient mysteries is (13) __________. There is no proof that a/an (14)
__________ or burial chamber can be found from this space. There may be more others like this in

Page 2 of 15
the pyramid and this discovery is expected to help the researchers find out how it was built. To identify
this space, not allowed to (15) __________ or use cameras, they had to make use of some appliances
to track (16) __________ inside the structure. That’s not the only way the modern technology is
helping archaeologists.
Adam Low, an archaeologist, admitted to being a man with (17) __________ the tomb of a Pharaoh,
Seti I. It can be learnt from the tomb how ancient people have different thoughts, different values and
(18) __________. He can read the way they thought through the (19) __________ on the walls. With
the help of technology, a dialogue crossing time can be built and become one of the most exciting
moment. “The Hall of Beauties” is, in fact, only a (20) __________ built in a museum in Switzerland.

Your answers:
11. 12.
13. 14.
15. 16.
17. 18.
19. 20.

Page 3 of 15
SECTION B. LEXICO AND GRAMMAR (50 points)
Part 1. For questions 21-40, choose the best answer (A, B, C or D) to complete each of the sentences.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (20 points)
21. Some animals are on the _______ of becoming extinct.
A. edge B. verge C. side D. tip
22. The play is very long but there are three _______.
A. intervals B. breaks C. rests D. naps
23. The last lecture _______ completely over my head.
A. got B. went C. was D. left
24. Could I pick your _______ on the subject before the meeting?
A. brains B. head C. intellect D. mind
25. Closure of schools took place _______ falling numbers of pupils.
A. in the context of B. with regard to
C. with a concern for D. in consideration of
26. I ________ with the performances but I got flu the day before.
A. was to have helped B. helped C. was to help D. had helped
27. The dying man’s speech was so _______ that no one was able to interpret his last request.
A. incoherent B. indiscreet C. nonchalant D. impotent
28. _______ for Tom's opposition, we would have agreed to the contract.
A. Be it not B. Would it not have been
C. Should it not have been D. Had it not been
29. _______ chair the meeting.
A. John was decided to B. It was decided that John should
C. There was decided that John should D. John had been decided to
30. A considerable _______ of folklore has built up regarding the magical properties of sites such
as Stonehenge.
A. pile B. body C. doctrine D. culture
31. ________, they slept soundly.
A. Hot though was the night air B. Hot though the night air was
C. Hot as was the night air D. Hot although the night air was
32. Several passengers received minor injuries when the train unexpectedly came to a _______.
A. delay B. stand C. brake D. halt
33. John refused to put his career in _______ by opposing his boss.
A. jeopardy B. hazard C. risk D. stake
34. The more expensive carpet is a good choice _______ it will last longer.
A. by means of B. due to C. in that D. in view of
35. The police were baffled by the attack as there seemed to be no apparent ________.
A. design B. principle C. motive D. plot
36. When you do something, you should _______.
A. weigh up the pros and cons B. turn over a new leaf
C. go down well with it D. get through to it
Page 4 of 15
37. _______ the phone rang later that night did Anna remember the appointment.
A. No sooner B. Only C. Not until D. Just before
38. After feeling off _______ for days, Tom finally went to see his doctor.
A. food B. color C. fitness D. balance
39. There was _______ evidence to bring charges against the man.
A. insubstantial B. inferior C. ineffective D. insufficient
40. The interviewer told Alison that she would earn £30,000 a year, _______ she to be offered the
job.
A. were B. should C. let D. would
Your answers:
21. 22. 23. 24. 25.
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.

Part 2. For questions 41-50, write the correct form of each bracketed word in the corresponding
numbered boxes. (20 points)
DEALING WITH PHOBIAS
Do you feel hysterical at the thought of spiders? Do you start to shake if you think that you
might have to touch cotton wool? It is estimated that between three to five million Britons suffer from
such phobias, and the majority of these people do not (4l. GO) ___________ form of treatment. Most
(42. RATION) ___________ fears begin in the first instance as mild forms of (43. ANXIOUS)
___________ and only develop gradually into (44. BLOWN) ___________ phobias. They seem to be
becoming increasingly frequent in all sections of society - perhaps because with the expansion of
technology, people who are (45. CUSTOM) ___________ to controlling their (46. STYLE)
___________ with the push of a button panic when things go wrong. Men are less likely to suffer
from such fears than women, but attempts by either men or women simply to (47. REGARD)
___________ them can exacerbate the problem.
Nowadays, however, phobias can be treated. The easiest option is prescription drugs, which
effectively control the physical symptoms, but may have (48. DESIRE) ___________ side-effects.
The other option is behavioural therapy, in which you gradually learn to (49. COME) ___________
your fear through facing up to it. This is a safe and lasting (50. ALTERNATE) ___________ to drug
treatment.

Your answers:
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
46. 47. 48. 49. 50.

Part 3. For questions 51-60, complete each sentence with a suitable particle/preposition. Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (10 points)
51. My wife backed me ______ over my decision to quit my job.
Page 5 of 15
 52. My mum and dad always find a way to work well together and are not critical ________ each
other.
53. At first, residents opposed plans for a new city skate park, but the skaters eventually won them
________.
54. Traditionally, Amish weddings are held on Tuesdays and Thursdays, so there is time in
________ to get ready for and clean up after each.
55. According to a government study, Korean elderly women are much more vulnerable ________
social isolation and illnesses compared to their male counterparts.
56. Let’s make ________ that island and wait for the storm to pass.
57. Could you please refrain ________ smoking - this is a hospital!
58. The company pulled ________ despite the economic crisis.
59. We were very sorry to hear that your grandfather passed ________ last week.
60. When Mr. Spendthrift ran out of money, he fell ________ on his mother for help.
Your answers:
51. 52. 53. 54. 55.
56. 57. 58. 59. 60.

SECTION C. READING (60 points)

Part 1. For questions 61-70, read the text below and decide which answer A, B, C or D best fits
each gap. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
NATUROPATHIC MEDICINE PHILOSOPHY
Illness is the body’s way of letting us know that something is wrong, and according to believers
in Naturopathic Medicine we should listen to the messages. This form of medicine (61) ____ the
treatment of disease by stimulating, enhancing and supporting a person’s own healing (62) _______.
One of the main underlying (63) ______ of naturopathic healing is to trust in the healing power
of nature. The body has the (64) _____ability to establish, maintain, and (65) _______ health by itself.
It is also important to remember that no illness (66) ______ without a reason, and thus it is essential
to identify and treat the cause of that illness. If the underlying causes of the disease are not removed
or treated, a person cannot recover completely. A further directive that naturopathic doctors must
consider is to do no harm to the body. Symptoms are actually an expression of the healing process
and therapeutic actions should allow them to (67) _____ their course. Obstructing a symptom, or (68)
________ it, will only force it to reappear later, perhaps in a more damaging form. (69) _______
forms of treatment, which allows the body to heal itself, are encouraged.
It is also a consideration in naturopathic healing to treat the whole person. Health and disease
are conditions of the whole organism, and the complex interaction of physical, spiritual, mental,
emotional, genetic, environmental, social and other factors, all of which should be taken into account.
Finally, let’s not forget the old adage that “Prevention is better than cure”. The (70) _____ goal of any
health-care system should be prevention, which can be accomplished through education and the
promotion of healthier habits. The emphasis is therefore on building health rather than fighting
disease. This is not so profitable for the pharmaceutical companies, but that’s another story.

Page 6 of 15
61. A. approves B. endorses C. backs D. sanctions
62. A. facility B. gift C. aptitude D. capacity
63. A. codes B. principles C. moralities D. ethics
64. A. inherent B. incoherent C. incompetent D. inconvenient
65. A. restore B. remake C. reinstate D. renovate
66. A. transpires B. establishes C. instigates D. occurs
67. A. go B. do C. run D. make
68. A. aggressing B. oppressing C. suppressing D. depressing
69. A. Balancing B. Corresponding C. Harmonious D. Complementary
70. A. final B. consequential C. subsequent D. ultimate

Your answers:
61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.

Part 2. For questions 71-80, fill each of the following numbered blanks with ONE suitable word.
Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
VIETNAM TOURISM GUIDE
Vietnam is one of Southeast Asia’s most beautiful countries, attracting travellers to its lush mountains,
bustling cities and golden sand beaches. (71) _____ rapid modernisation in Vietnam’s urban centres
of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh, time-honoured traditions (72) _____ intact amongst the locals. There are
numerous ancient landmarks and colonial structures that have survived throughout the (73) _____ and
scrapes of history.
Buddhist shrines can be found next to towering skyscrapers, (74) _____ you can experience vibrant
festivals and ceremonies dating back hundreds of years. Long, sandy beaches are (75) _____ to
luxurious resorts and fine-dining venues, making them ideal romantic getaways, while expansive rice
(76) _____ on the hills make for excellent hiking excursions. (77) _____ you’re planning a historical
tour of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh, a relaxing beach break or simply want to escape the bustling city life,
our Vietnam travel guide caters (78) _____ just about any holiday preference. If this is your first time
to Vietnam, getting to know the country’s many cultural issues, festivals, and customs allows you to
(79) _____ experience the local lifestyle as you get to enjoy vibrant celebrations and religious (80)
______ that you won’t find in other places. We’ve also compiled other local information you may
need during your travels to help you further understand this unique country.
Your answers:
71. 72. 73. 74. 75.
76. 77. 78. 79. 80.

Page 7 of 15
Part 3. For questions 81-90, read the following text and choose the answer A, B, C or D. Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
THE CREATORS OF GRAMMAR
No student of a foreign language needs to be told that grammar is complex. By changing word
sequences and by adding a range of auxiliary verbs and suffixes, we are able to communicate tiny
variations in meaning. We can turn a statement into a question, state whether an action has taken place
or is soon to take place, and perform many other word tricks to convey subtle differences in meaning.
Nor is this complexity inherent to the English language. All languages, even those of so-called
'primitive' tribes have clever grammatical components. The Cherokee pronoun system, for example,
can distinguish between 'you and I', 'several other people and I' and 'you, another person and I'. In
English, all these meanings are summed up in the one, crude pronoun 'we'. Grammar is universal
and plays a part in every language, no matter how widespread it is. So, the question which has
baffled many linguists is - who created grammar?
At first, it would appear that this question is impossible to answer. To find out how grammar is created,
someone needs to be present at the time of a language's creation, documenting its emergence. Many
historical linguists are able to trace modern complex languages back to earlier languages, but in order
to answer the question of how complex languages are actually formed, the researcher needs to observe
how languages are started from scratch. Amazingly, however, this is possible.
Some of the most recent languages evolved due to the Atlantic slave trade. At that time, slaves from
a number of different ethnicities were forced to work together under colonizer's rule. Since they had
no opportunity to learn each other's languages, they developed a make-shift language called a pidgin.
Pidgins are strings of words copied from the language of the landowner. They have little in the way
of grammar, and in many cases it is difficult for a listener to deduce when an event happened, and
who did what to whom. [A] Speakers need to use circumlocution in order to make their meaning
understood. [B] Interestingly, however, all it takes for a pidgin to become a complex language is for
a group of children to be exposed to it at the time when they learn their mother tongue. [C] Slave
children did not simply copy the strings of words uttered by their elders, they adapted their words to
create a new, expressive language. [D] Complex grammar systems which emerge from pidgins are
termed creoles, and they are invented by children.
Further evidence of this can be seen in studying sign languages for the deaf. Sign languages are not
simply a series of gestures; they utilize the same grammatical machinery that is found in spoken
languages. Moreover, there are many different languages used worldwide. The creation of one such
language was documented quite recently in Nicaragua. Previously, all deaf people were isolated from
each other, but in 1979 a new government introduced schools for the deaf. Although children were
taught speech and lip reading in the classroom, in the playgrounds they began to invent their own sign
system, using the gestures that they used at home. It was basically a pidgin. Each child used the signs
differently, and there was no consistent grammar. However, children who joined the school later,
when this inventive sign system was already around, developed a quite different sign language.
Although it was based on the signs of the older children, the younger children's language was more
fluid and compact, and it utilized a large range of grammatical devices to clarify meaning. What is
more, all the children used the signs in the same way. A new creole was born.
Page 8 of 15
Some linguists believe that many of the world's most established languages were creoles at first. The
English past tense –ed ending may have evolved from the verb 'do'. 'It ended' may once have been 'It
end-did'. Therefore, it would appear that even the most widespread languages were partly created by
children. Children appear to have innate grammatical machinery in their brains, which springs to life
when they are first trying to make sense of the world around them. Their minds can serve to create
logical, complex structures, even when there is no grammar present for them to copy.
81. In paragraph 1, why does the writer include information about the Cherokee language?
A. To show how simple, traditional cultures can have complicated grammar structures
B. To show how English grammar differs from Cherokee grammar
C. To prove that complex grammar structures were invented by the Cherokees.
D. To demonstrate how difficult it is to learn the Cherokee language
82. What can be inferred about the slaves' pidgin language?
A. It contained complex grammar. B. It was based on many different languages.
C. It was difficult to understand, even among slaves. D. It was created by the land-owners.
83. All the following sentences about Nicaraguan sign language are true EXCEPT:
A. The language has been created since 1979.
B. The language is based on speech and lip reading.
C. The language incorporates signs which children used at home.
D. The language was perfected by younger children.
84. In paragraph 3, where can the following sentence be placed?
It included standardised word orders and grammatical markers that existed in neither the pidgin
language, nor the language of the colonizers.
A B C D
85. 'Make-shift' in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to:
A. complicated and expressive B. simple and temporary
C. extensive and diverse D. private and personal
86. Which sentence is closest in meaning to the highlighted sentence?
Grammar is universal and plays a part in every language, no matter how widespread it is.
A. All languages, whether they are spoken by a few people or a lot of people, contain grammar.
B. Some languages include a lot of grammar, whereas other languages contain a little.
C. Languages which contain a lot of grammar are more common that languages that contain a little.
D. The grammar of all languages is the same, no matter where the languages evolved.
87. All of the following are features of the new Nicaraguan sign language EXCEPT:
A. All children used the same gestures to show meaning.
B. The meaning was clearer than the previous sign language.
C. The hand movements were smoother and smaller.
D. New gestures were created for everyday objects and activities.
88. Which idea is presented in the final paragraph?
A. English was probably once a creole.
B. The English past tense system is inaccurate.
C. Linguists have proven that English was created by children.
Page 9 of 15
D. Children say English past tenses differently from adults.
89-90. Which TWO ideas best sum up the main ideas of the passage?
A. Some children are better at grammar than others.
B. Children have the mental capacity to create complex languages.
C. Children are better at learning grammar than adults.
D. Children prefer to invent their own grammar rules than to copy existing rules.
E. All creole languages were perfected by children.

Your answers:
81. 82. 83. 84. 85.
86. 87. 88. 89. 90.

Part 4. Read the following text and answer questions 91-100. Write your answers in the
corresponding numbered boxes. (15 points)
Television and Sport
when the medium becomes the stadium
A.
The relationship between television and sports is not widely thought of as problematic. For many
people, television is a simple medium through which sports can be played, replayed, slowed down,
and of course conveniently transmitted live to homes across the planet. What is often overlooked,
however, is how television networks have reshaped the very foundations of an industry that they claim
only to document. Major television stations immediately seized the revenue-generating prospects of
televising sports and this has changed everything, from how they are played to who has a chance to
watch them.
B.
Before television, for example, live matches could only be viewed in person. For the majority of fans,
who were unable to afford tickets to the top-flight matches, or to travel the long distances required to
see them, the only option was to attend a local game instead, where the stakes were much lower. As
a result, thriving social networks and sporting communities formed around the efforts of teams in the
third and fourth divisions and below. With the advent of live TV, however, premier matches suddenly
became affordable and accessible to hundreds of millions of new viewers. This shift in viewing
patterns vacuumed out the support base of local clubs, many of which ultimately folded.
C.
For those on the more prosperous side of this shift in viewing behaviour, however, the financial
rewards are substantial. Television assisted in derailing long-held concerns in many sports about
whether athletes should remain amateurs or ‘go pro’, and replaced this system with a new paradigm
where nearly all athletes are free to pursue stardom and to make money from their sporting prowess.
For the last few decades, top-level sports men and women have signed lucrative endorsement deals
and sponsorship contracts, turning many into multi-millionaires and also allowing them to focus full-
time on what really drives them. That they can do all this without harming their prospects at the
Olympic Games and other major competitions is a significant benefit for these athletes.
Page 10 of 15
D.
The effects of television extend further, however, and in many instances have led to changes in
sporting codes themselves. Prior to televised coverage of the Winter Olympics, for example, figure
skating involved a component in which skaters drew ‘figures’ in the ice, which were later evaluated
for the precision of their shapes. This component translated poorly to the small screen, as viewers
found the whole procedure, including the judging of minute scratches on ice, to be monotonous and
dull. Ultimately, figures were scrapped in favour of a short programme featuring more telegenic twists
and jumps. Other sports are awash with similar regulatory shifts - passing the ball back to the
goalkeeper was banned in football after gameplay at the 1990 World Cup was deemed overly
defensive by television viewers.
E.
In addition to insinuating changes into sporting regulation, television also tends to favour some
individual sports over others. Some events, such as the Tour de France, appear to benefit: on television
it can be viewed in its entirety, whereas on-site enthusiasts will only witness a tiny part of the
spectacle. Wrestling, perhaps due to an image problem that repelled younger (and highly prized)
television viewers, was scheduled for removal from the 2020 Olympic Games despite being a
founding sport and a fixture of the Olympics since 708 BC. Only after a fervent outcry from supporters
was that decision overturned.
F.
Another change in the sporting landscape that television has triggered is the framing of sports not
merely in terms of the level of skill and athleticism involved, but as personal narratives of triumph,
shame and redemption on the part of individual competitors. This is made easier and more convincing
through the power of close-up camera shots, profiles and commentary shown during extended build-
ups to live events. It also attracts television audiences - particularly women - who may be less
interested in the intricacies of the sport than they are in broader ‘human interest’ stories. As a result,
many viewers are now more familiar with the private agonies of famous athletes than with their record
scores or match- day tactics.
G.
And what about the effects of male television viewership? Certainly, men have always been willing
to watch male athletes at the top of their game, but female athletes participating in the same sports
have typically attracted far less interest and, as a result, have suffered greatly reduced exposure on
television. Those sports where women can draw the crowds - beach volleyball, for example - are often
those where female participants are encouraged to dress and behave in ways oriented specifically
toward a male demographic.
H.
Does all this suggest the influence of television on sports has been overwhelmingly negative? The
answer will almost certainly depend on who among the various stakeholders is asked. For all those
who have lost out - lower-league teams, athletes whose sports lack a certain visual appeal - there are
numerous others who have benefitted enormously from the partnership between television and sports,
and whose livelihoods now depend on it.

Page 11 of 15
Choose the correct heading for each paragraph B-G from the list of headings below. Write the
correct number, i-xi next to Questions 91-97. There is an example for paragraph A.
List of Headings Example Answer
i. Gender bias in televised sport Paragraph A v
ii. More money-making opportunities 1. Paragraph B
iii. Mixed views on TV’s role in sports 2. Paragraph C
iv. Tickets to top matches too expensive 3. Paragraph D
v. A common misperception 4. Paragraph E
vi. Personal stories become the focus 5. Paragraph F
vii. Sports people become stars 6. Paragraph G
viii. Rules changed to please viewers 7. Paragraph H
ix. Lower-level teams lose out
x. Skill levels improve
xi. TV appeal influences sports’ success

Your answers
91. 92. 93. 94. 95. 96. 97.

Questions 98-100. Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in the reading
passage?
Write
TRUE if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer
FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
98. The average sports fan travelled a long way to watch matches before live television broadcasts.
99. Television has reduced the significance of an athlete’s amateur status.
100. The best athletes are now more interested in financial success rather than sporting achievement.

Your answers
98. 99. 100.

Page 12 of 15
SECTION D. WRITING
Part 1. Summary writing (20 points)
Read the following extract and use your own words to summarize it. Your summary should be about
140 words long.
Very few people in the modern world obtain their food supply by hunting and gathering in the
natural environment surrounding their homes. This method of harvesting from nature’s provision,
however, is not only the oldest known subsistence strategy but also the one that has been practiced
continuously in some parts of the world for at least the last two million years. It was, indeed, the only
way to obtain food until rudimentary farming and very crude methods for the domestication of animals
were introduced about 10,000 years ago.
Because hunter-gatherers have fared poorly in comparison with their agricultural cousins, their
numbers have dwindled, and they have been forced to live in the marginal wastelands. In higher
latitudes, the shorter growing season has restricted the availability of plant life. Such conditions have
caused a greater dependence on hunting and, along the coasts and waterways, on fishing. The
abundance of vegetation in the lower latitudes of the tropics, on the other hand, has provided a greater
opportunity for gathering a variety of plants. In short, the environmental differences have restricted
the diet and have limited possibilities for the development of subsistence societies.
Contemporary hunter-gatherers may help us understand our prehistoric ancestors. We know
from observation of modern hunter-gatherers in both Africa and Alaska that a society based on hunting
and gathering must be very mobile. Following the food supply can be a way of life. If a particular
kind of wild herding animal is the basis of the food for a group of people, those people must move to
stay within reach of those animals. For many of the native people of the great central plains of North
America, following the buffalo, who were in turn following the growth of grazing foods, determined
their way of life.
For gathering societies, seasonal changes mean a great deal. While the entire community camps
in a central location, a smaller party harvests the food within a reasonable distance from the camp.
When the food in the area is exhausted, the community moves on to exploit another site. We also
notice a seasonal migration pattern evolving for most hunter-gatherers, along with a strict division of
labor between the sexes. These patterns of behavior may be similar to those practiced by humankind
during the Paleolithic Period.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Page 13 of 15
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Part 2. Essay writing (30 points)
Write an essay of about 250 words on the following topic:
Some people think that teachers should be responsible for teaching students to behave well, while
others say that teachers should only provide students with knowledge of academic subjects.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Present argumentation to highlight your opinion on this matter. Give reasons and specific examples
to support your opinions.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
Page 14 of 15
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
End of test, best of luck
Page 15 of 15