Republic of the Philippines

Laguna State Polytechnic University

ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic
University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU Self-paced Learning Module (SLM)

Course Earth and Life Sciences

Sem/AY First Semester/2020-2021

Module No. 2
Lesson Title EARTH SYSTEMS
Week
3
Duration
Date October 19 - 23, 2020
This lesson will discuss and explain that the earth consists of four subsystems, across
Description whose boundaries matter and energy flows.
of the
Lesson

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
Learning Outcomes

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic
University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Online Activities A. Online Discussion via Google Meet

(Synchronous/ You will be directed to attend in a Four-Hour class discussion on the
nature and types of educational technologies. To have access to the
Asynchronous)
Online Discussion, refer to this link: ____________________.

The online discussion will happen on October 20 and 21, 2020, from
09:00-10:00AM.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 (For further instructions, refer to your Google Classroom and see the
schedule of activities for this module)

Intended Students should be able to meet the following intended learning outcomes:
Learning • Define the concept of a system
Outcomes • Recognize the Earth as a system composed of subsystems
• Identify the visible features of the different Earth System
• Describe how the matter and energy flow across the Earth systems
Targets/ At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Objectives • Enumerate the four basic spheres of the Earth
• Explain what the spheres of the Earth are made up of
• Explain the spheres interact with each other
• Explain how the Earth can be divided in terms of its bulk characteristics and
properties
• Explain how the bulk composition and bulk characteristics of the earth relate to
each other

Student Learning Strategies

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

B. Learning Guide Questions:

1. What is a cycle? a system?
2. What is lithosphere? Biosphere? Atmosphere? Hydrosphere?
3. What are they made up of?
4. Why are they classified as such?
5. How do the spheres interact with each other?
Note: The insight that you will post on online discussion forum using Learning
Management System (LMS) will receive additional scores in class participation.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Lecture Guide

“We are all connected. To each other, biologically. To the earth, chemically. To the
rest of the universe atomically.”
The quote above is said by Neil DeGrasse Tyson, an American astrophysicist. Do
you agree with him? Why do you think he said that we are all connected? A
certain group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent parts that work
together to form a complex whole is called a system. The scientists around the
world try to study our planet through the smaller systems it have and fit them
together to form a whole picture which is known as the Earth System Science.
Specifically, Earth System is commonly referred as the spheres which are
divided into four: geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and biosphere. These
four spheres regulate the different functions of Earth which makes it habitable
which is similar on how a human body system works. All human body systems
work together to maintain a well-functioning and healthy body. On Earth, each
of the four spheres or systems must keep itself in balance. A change in one
system will affect other systems.

Here’s the key concepts that you must remember on each Earth subsystem 1.
Biosphere: This sphere is associated with living systems such as biomes or
ecosystems. This includes life on land, in the oceans and rivers, and even life that we
Offline Activities cannot see with the naked eye.
(e- • Features: coastal biomes, forests, desert, grasslands, and other ecosystems.
Learning/SelfPaced) • Processes: photosynthesis, biogeochemical cycles (carbon cycle, nitrogen
cycle..)
2. Hydrosphere: This sphere is associated with water in solid (ice) and liquid states. It
composed of all waters on the surface (oceans, rivers, and lakes) and also the water
underground (in wells and aquifers) and may also include moisture in air (visible as
clouds and fogs).
• Features: oceans, icebergs, lakes, rivers, glaciers, snow, and so on.
• Processes: hydrologic cycle (condensation, evaporation..), ocean
circulation 3. Atmosphere: This sphere relates to meteorological features and
phenomena such as weather, clouds, or aerosols (particles in the air). It includes an
ever‐changing mixture of gas and small particles located above and surrounding the
Earth’s surface.
• Features: clouds, weather, aurora, air pollution/aerosols, dust, and so
on.
• Processes: atmospheric circulation
• Layers of the Atmosphere

Layer Major Features

Troposphere Densest part. Almost all weather types are in this region.
Stratosphere Location of ozone layer which absorbs and scatters the solar
ultraviolet radiation.
Mesosphere Region where meteors usually burn up and become “shooting
stars”
LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES
Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Ionosphere It is where radio communications possible.

Thermosphere It is the area of aurora and satellites.

Exosphere Upper limit of the atmosphere separating Earth and space. 4.

Geosphere: This sphere is associated with solid portions of the Earth. It includes
rocks, sediments, soils, and surface landforms. It is predominantly classified as the
lithosphere: the upper mantle and crust.
• The associated features of the geosphere based on types are:
• Fluvial & Alluvial processes: deltas, river channels, canyons, alluvial fans
• Aeolian processes: sand dunes, yardangs, wind streaks
• Tectonic Processes: folds, faults, mountains
• Volcanic Processes: volcanoes, central vents, volcanic deposits
• Impact Processes: impact craters
• Other Processes: mass wasting processes, erosional processes
• Processes: weathering, erosion, mantle convection, volcanic eruption, and so
on.
• Earth’s Interior Layers:
• Crust – upper portion composed of 2 types: Oceanic crust (underlies the ocean
basin) and Continental crust (underlies the continents) which is most
abundant composition is oxygen and silicon.
• Mantle – solid rock layer between crust and crust.
• Core – it is an iron-rich sphere divided into 2 parts: outer core (liquid
ironnickel-sulfur, generates magnetic field) and inner core (solid iron nickel
alloy)

.Engaging Activities

Activity 1.1: Earth Systems and Picture Analysis

Optional Materials Needed:

• World Map, Google Earth (if internet connection is available)

Procedures:
1. List down at least three features on each system, an example per system is
given as your guide.
System Key Word System Feature
Atmosphere Air
Biosphere Life
Geosphere Land
Hydrosphere Water

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

2. Observe the following astronaut photographs. You can also use a world map or
open

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Google Earth application to observe the following:

Kanaga Volcano in Alaska River and Snow in the Himalayas

Wake Island in Pacific Ocean Cumulonimbus Cloud over Africa

3. On the first column, write down at least 3 visible features of each astronaut
photographs, associated earth system and observations. Meanwhile, on the second
column, write down your miscellaneous observations and/or you can sketch a feature
you observed from the image.

Visible Features, Earth Systems and Miscellaneous Observations and/or

Observations Sketch of the Feature
Astronaut Photograph #1
Feature:________________________
Earth System: _________________
Observations: __________________

Astronaut Photograph #2
Feature:________________________
Earth System: _________________
Observations: __________________

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Astronaut Photograph #3
Feature:________________________
Earth System: _________________
Observations: __________________

Astronaut Photograph #4
Feature:________________________
Earth System: _________________
Observations: __________________

4. Answer the following:

1. What are the proofs that life forms are existing in the pictures?
2. Describe how you think changes to one feature/system may affect others.
3. How are the Earth spheres shown in the picture interconnected?

Activity 1.2: Connections within the Earth Systems

Earth system is essentially a closed system where it receives energy from the sun and
returns some of this energy to space. In contrast, the four spheres of Earth (geosphere,
biosphere, atmosphere and atmosphere) are considered open systems where both
matter and energy can flow across the boundaries. These systems are all
interconnected as shown in the diagram.

Directions: Try to analyze the diagram on the left which shows the interconnected
interactions within the different Earth systems or spheres. Write the corresponding
number that matches to the interconnection of two respective Earth spheres.

For example, connection no. 1 shows how atmosphere is related to the biosphere. One
explanation is that the atmospheric chemistry and temperature (atmosphere) affect
organisms (biosphere). Letter A is done for you.

Explanation
1 A ) Atmospheric chemistry and temperature affect organisms
7 B ) Weathering and erosion controls nutrient supply to life in the oceans
3 C ) Atmospheric temperature affects evaporation
9 D ) Locations of continents controls circulation pattern of oceans
5 E ) Plants aid weathering (physical and chemical) of rocks
2 F ) Atmospheric chemistry and temperature affect weathering of rocks
6 G ) Plants control water transfer from soil to atmosphere
8 H ) Volcanic eruptions add carbon dioxide and aerosols to atmosphere
4 I ) Photosynthesis affects atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration
11 J ) Soil water limits plant growth
12 K ) Ocean circulation controls how much CO2 is removed from atmosphere
10 L ) Rainfall and runoff erode the land surface

CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

I. Matching A-B-C

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Directions: Match Column A (Description) with Column B (Earth’s Sphere)then

match Column B with Column C (Process that happens in a specific Earth sphere)
through drawing a line between them.

Column A Column B Column C

it is a thin gaseous layer biosphere atmospheric circulation
Composed of 78% N, 21%
O, 0.09% Ar and other trace
Gas

It is the set of all life forms atmosphere photosynthesis

On Earth which covers all
Ecosystem,

It is the solid portions of Earth hydrosphere erosion, weathering

including the crust, mantle and core.

It is the combined mass of water found

on, under, and above the surface geosphere evaporation, transpiration

II. Explain Me
Explain the statement: “Earth consists of four subsystems, across whose boundaries
matter and energy flow.” Elaborate your explanation with concepts and examples.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________

III. What If?

Directions: Create your own illustration on how the four spheres interact with each
other. Choose one process that may happen in any of the spheres then try to describe
how it will affect the other systems. Use the rubric as your guide in making your
illustration. This activity requires you to think critically and apply what you have
learned from this module. You can also be as creative as you can in making the
illustrations. It’s time to show what you have learned and your talent!

For example, “What if a volcanic eruption (a process in the geosphere) happens?” How it will affect the
atmosphere? biosphere? hydrosphere?

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Performance Tasks

List down at least three examples of earth system interaction that you always experience or observe in
your everyday living. You can include common scenarios at home, in the school or within your
barangay. Make sure to include all the four subsystems.

Example 1: (Earth system interaction at home)

_____________________________________

Example 2: (Earth system interaction in the school)

_____________________________________

Example 3: (Earth system interaction in the community)

_____________________________________

Understanding Directed Assessment

Earth-terrific! Systematic!

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Directions: Write a reflective learning about what you have learned about the Earth
Systems by answering the questions inside the box. You may express your answers in a
more critical and creative presentation of your great learning. Have fun and enjoy!

The lesson on Planet What learnings have I What examples can I

Earth guides me to found from this explore and think
ponder on… lesson? more?

What is my conclusion What good character What learnings can I

on the lesson? have I developed from share with my family
this lesson? and peers?

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Learning Resources
Bayo-ang, R., Coronacion, M., Jorda, A., & Restubog, A. (2016). Earth and Life Science for Senior High School.
(M. Moncada, Ed.) Quezon City, Philippines: Educational Resources Corporation.
Creative Commons. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Planet_size_comparisons_%E2%80%93_Venus,_E
arth,_Mars.JPG
NASA. (n.d.). My NASA Data. Retrieved from https://mynasadata.larc.nasa.gov/lessonplans/spheresearth-
introduction-making-observations-earth-using-earth-system-science
Joselito P. Duyanen and Mylene O. Andaya Cand E Publishing, Inc. Towards Academic and Professional
Excellence
https://www.google.com/search?q=river+and+snow+in+the+himalayas+features&tbm=isch&ved=2ahU
KEwjss73ksf7rAhX2wIsBHRu1AWwQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=River+and+Snow+in+the+Himalayas+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgQIABATMg
YIABAeEBNQursGWLq7BmD0zAZoAHAAeACAAZMCiAGTApIBAzItMZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aX
otaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=JshqX-yIJvaBr7wPmqG4AY&bih=553&biw=1242#imgrc=Cu6WlO7cXl8t-
M
https://www.google.com/search?q=wake+island+in+pacific+ocean+features&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEw
irg5CZsv7rAhUGeZQKHVtnB9AQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Wake+Island+in+Pacific+Ocean+&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgQIABATMgYIAB
AeEBNQjPoMWIz6DGDhA1oAHAAeACAAVmIAVmSAQExmAEAoAEBqgELZ3dzLXdpei1pbWfAAQE&sclien
t=img&ei=lch qX-vkAYby0QTbzp2ADQ&bih=553&biw=1242#imgrc=RRNPyvMLV5-vTM
https://www.google.com/search?q=Cumulonimbus+Cloud+over+Africa&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiPp_z
_sv7rAhVOTZQKHUuGC1oQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=Cumulonimbus+Cloud+over+Africa&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQE1Cspg5Yr
KYOYK_GDmgAcAB4AIABYogBYpIBATGYAQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&
ei=bMlqX4_BK86a0QTLjK7QBQ&bih=553&biw=1242#imgrc=_fUI8NIEAQYnBM
https://www.google.com/search?q=For+example%2C+%E2%80%9CWhat+if+a+volcanic+eruption+(a+
process+in+the+geosphere)+happens%3F%E2%80%9D+How+it+will+affect+the+atmosphere
%3F+biosphere%3F+hydrosphere%3F&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjaxcjys_7rAhUKB5QKHfdeAlE
Q2cCegQIABAA&oq=For+example%2C+%E2%80%9CWhat+if+a+volcanic+eruption+(a+process+i
n+the+geosphere)+happens%3F%E2%80%9D+How+it+will+affect+the+atmosphere%3F+bios
phere%3F+hydrosphere%3F&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQA1Cv8ocDWK_yhwNgw_mHA2gAcAB4AIABAI
gBAJIBAJgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=XcpqX5qjAoqO0AT3vYmIBQ
&bih=553&biw=1242#imgrc=sthbzyypiGFM3M

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU Self-paced Learning Module (SLM)

Course Earth and Life Sciences

Sem/AY First Semester/2020-2021

Module No. 3
Lesson Title MINERALS AND ROCKS
Week
4
Duration
Date October 26 – 30, 2020
This lesson will discuss and identify the three main types of rocks based on how they
Description form and environment formation.
of the
Lesson

Learning Outcomes
Intended Students should be able to meet the following intended learning outcomes:
Learning • Compare and contrast the different types of rocks based on their physical
Outcomes properties.
• Identify common rock-forming minerals using their physical and chemical properties
• Classify sample rocks into igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary
• Describe briefly kinds of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks
Targets/ At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Objectives • Enumerate the different types of rocks based on their physical and properties.
• Discuss the importance of minerals in our life.
• Explain completely the processes involved in a rock cycle

Student Learning Strategies

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Online Activities C. Online Discussion via Google Meet

(Synchronous/ You will be directed to attend in One-Hour class discussion on the
nature and types of educational technologies. To have access to the
Asynchronous)
Online Discussion, refer to this link: ____________________.

The online discussion will happen on October 27 and 29, 2020, from
09:00-10:00AM.

(For further instructions, refer to your Google Classroom and see the
schedule of activities for this module)

D. Learning Guide Questions:

6. What are the importance of rocks and minerals in our daily lives?
7. What is the main difference between the term rocks and stones?
8. What are the three general types of rocks?

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Lecture Guide

PREVIEW:
Would you agree with me if I say rocks and everything about rocks are already
part of your lessons in elementary science classes? Do you think you will still
encounter difficulty in engaging with the discussions and activities in this
module considering that you have adequate knowledge and resources about
rocks? There is nothing new in this module except for much deeper approach
in content since you are now in senior high school. What is a rock, exactly?
After some thoughts and study on this lesson, you will say that rocks are more
or less hard solids, of natural origin and made of minerals. But before you
proceed to the lessons and stimulating activities, let’s try an exciting exercise to
sharpen your spelling ability. If your answers are all correct you will earn
points from your teacher.

Spelling Challenge: Correct Me If I’m Wrong!

For each number below inspect if the letter inside each box gives a correct spelling or
not. If not, write the correctly spelled word in the space provided to get the exact idea.

1. It is a science that deals with the history of the earth as recorded in rocks.

Y G O L O G E
Offline Activities
(e-
Learning/SelfPaced)

2. Solid homogeneous inorganic substances occurring in nature having a definite

chemical composition usually found in rocks.

S L A M E N I R

3. The remains of a plant or animal that existed in a past geological age and that
has been excavated from the soil.

L F S S I O

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Get Ready to Rock…Igneous! Metamorphic! Sedimentary!

Generally, rocks are identified by their distinctive set of minerals they contain, most of
these rocks are made of grains of one mineral type, or some have a mixture of different
minerals. Texture is another characteristic property used to identify rocks such as
description of their size, shape, and arrangement of mineral grains.

In this module, activities and discussion will focus on how rocks are classified into
three major groups on the basis of how they form. Rock groupings or classification can
be studied in hand samples that can be moved from their original location, another
way is by using outcrop, exposed rock formations that are attached to the ground, at
the location where they are found.

What are the three major classifications of rocks? How do they form? What are their
general characteristics? These are frequent asked questions about rocks but can be
answered through investigations and observations of actual rock samples. The origin
of these rocks including the processes involved can be described and explained
through the so- called rock cycle.

Igneous rocks are those that solidify from magma, a molten mixture of rockforming
minerals and usually volatiles such as gases and steam. Since their constituent
minerals are crystallized from molten material, igneous rocks are formed at high
temperatures, and originate from processes deep within the Earth typically at depths
of about 50 to 200 km (30 to 120 miles)—in the mid- to lowercrust or in the upper
mantle. formed when magma cools and solidifies underground. Igneous rocks are of
two kinds: Extrusive and Intrusive

Sedimentary rocks are formed by the compaction and cementing together of

sediments, broken pieces of rock-like gravel, sand, silt, or clay. Those sediments can be
formed from weathering and erosion of preexisting rock. Sedimentary rocks also
include chemical precipitates, the solid materials left behind after a liquid evaporates.
Clastic sedimentary rocks such as breccia, conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and
shale are formed from mechanical weathering debris. Chemical sedimentary rocks,
such as rock salt, iron ore, chert, flint, some dolomites, and some limestones, form
when dissolved materials precipitate from solution.

Metamorphic rocks are those formed by changes in preexisting rocks under the
influence of high temperature, pressure, and chemically active solutions. The changes
can be chemical (compositional) and physical (textural) in character. Metamorphic
rocks are often formed by processes deep within the earth that produce new minerals,
textures, and crystal structures. The recrystallization that takes place does so

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

essentially in the solid state, rather than by complete re-melting, and can be aided by
ductile deformation and the presence of interstitial fluids such as water. There are two

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

main types of metamorphic rocks: those that are foliated because they have formed in
an environment with either directed pressure or shear stress, and those that are not
foliated because they have formed in an environment without directed pressure or
relatively near the surface with very little pressure.

Engaging Activities
Activity 1.1WHO AM I??
Direction: To check your understanding on the three classifications of rocks, write the
appropriate rock type to the given description below.

Sedimentary Metamorphic
Igneous

1. I sometimes look frothy; I have bubbles in my body.

2. My body is glassy
3. I have layers not just on my belly but everywhere in my
body.
4. I have large crystals all over me making my body so hard.
5. I have treasured crystals in me but they often leave my
body.
6. I am flaw less because of my metallic and smooth body 7.
I have a rough body because of sand grains embedded on
my body.
8. I cannot take too much stress cause by heat and pressure, when I
experience it, I better transform to another version of me.
9. I am used in experiencing tortures like grinding and
tearing which makes me split into tiny parts.
10. When an acid hits my body, I cannot take it but react
freely.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Activity 1.2 Rock with a Never- Ending Rock Cycle!

The Rock Cycle is a group of changes. Igneous rock can change into sedimentary
rock or into metamorphic rock. Sedimentary rock can change into metamorphic
rock or into igneous rock. Metamorphic rock can change into igneous or
sedimentary rock. Although we may not see the changes, the physical and
chemical properties of rocks are constantly changing in a natural, never-ending
cycle called the rock cycle.

1. Using the rock cycle diagram above, trace how an igneous rock changes
into another form of rock. What are the processes involved? Explain each.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. Why rock cycle is called a never-ending cycle?

________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________

REMEMBER

There are three basic types of rocks. Each type of rock forms under particular
conditions. As a result, each rock type provides a clue to the conditions present when
that rock was formed. Each rock type can be identified based on several observable
characteristics.

Rock Type Observable Where Formed Example

Characteristics

1. Igneous

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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Extrusive Crystals are so These are molten Basalt – usually

small and can't be magma that dark gray to black,
seen with the erupted from fine-grained
naked eyes but volcanoes. They volcanic rock;
Sometimes there cooled very sometimes has gas
are larger, visible quickly, which is bubbles (vesicles)
crystals in a very why the crystals
fine-grained are usually very
matrix. small.

Intrusive Interlocking These rocks were Granite – pinkish,

Crystals once liquid whitish igneous
magma, but they rock with
did not erupt from interlocking
volcanoes. Instead, crystals of quartz
they cooled slowly and feldspar.
and the crystals Sometimes
had time to grow includes mica.
large.

2. Sedimentary

Clastic Composed of These rocks Conglomerate –

smaller rocks formed when loose composed of
cemented sediment such as pieces pebble-size
together, contains rocks and sand or larger
fossils and usually were deposited by Sandstone -
has layers. water, compacted, composed of
and cemented sandsize pieces
together. These Shale - composed
rocks form along of pieces smaller
beaches, by rivers, than fine sand
or under the water
in lake or oceans.

Chemical Usually with light These rocks are Limestone – a

gray color also deposited in whitish or grayish
sometimes with water. However, rock made of the
crystals, they form as a mineral calcite.
sometimes with chemical reaction
shells, sometimes in the water that
just massive. leaves a chemical
deposit, usually on
an ocean bottom.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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ISO 9001:2015 Certified
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3. Metamorphic Usually has These rocks Quartzite-

interlocking formed when
metamorphosed
crystals and layers igneous,
sandstone Slate –
(called foliation) sedimentary, or
metamorphosed
other
shale. Schist –
metamorphic
metamorphosed
rocks are heated
sedimentary rocks
and/or squished,
that had lots of
forming a new
clay. Gneiss –
rock type. This
metamorphosed
usually happens
granite.
during mountain
building events
(regional
metamorphism),
but also happens
during igneous
activity (contact
metamorphism).

Activity 1.3
Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following rocks are formed from preexisting rocks exposed to extreme

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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heat and pressure in the Earth’s interior? a.

Igneous
b. Sedimentary
c. Plutonic
d. Metamorphic

2. What process is used to form sedimentary rocks?

a. Lava cools and hardens to form a rock.
b. Bits of sand and gravel from layers that turn into rock from pressure
c. Extreme heat and pressure from inside the Earth turn rocks into new rocks
d. Magma trapped under the Earth’s surface cools and solidifies

3. Choose one word below that describes mud, sand and tiny bits of rocks that cement
together to form a type of rock. a. stalactites
b. magmas
c. metamorphs
d. sediments
4. Based on the concept of the rock cycle, what type of rock can turn into a metamorphic
rock? a. igneous only
b. sedimentary only
c. metamorphic only
d. any rock type

5. You will expect to find this type of rock by a volcano

a. igneous only
b. sedimentary only
c. metamorphic only
d. any rock type

6. How does igneous rock turn into sediments?

a. heat and pressure
b. Minerals
c. weathering and erosion
d. liquefaction

7. Being a plutonic igneous rock also means a rock having this kind of characteristic a.
Coarse-grained
b. Foliated
c. Medium-grained
d. Fine-grained

8. Being a volcanic igneous rock also means a rock having this kind of characteristic a.
Coarse-grained
b. Foliated

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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c. Medium-grained
d. Fine-grained

9. Metamorphic rocks are classified primarily according to:

a. Texture- the presence or absence of foliation
b. Chemical composition
c. Environment of deposition
d. Hardness

10. Which of the following rocks is a mafic extrusive igneous rock? a.

Peridotite
b. Syenite
c. Basalt
d. Granite

11. Arrange the following processes that form a sedimentary rock.

I. A preexisting rock becomes sediments
II. Sediments are cemented
III. Sediments are compacted
IV. A preexisting rock undergoes weathering and erosion

a. I, II, III, IV
b. IV,III, I, II
c. IV, I, III, II
d. I, IV, II, III

12. How can an igneous rock become a metamorphic rock?

a. When it undergoes weathering and erosion
b. When it melts and forms magma
c. When it disintegrates into smaller pieces
d. When it is subjected to high temperature and pressure

13. How can a metamorphic rock transform into an extrusive igneous rock?
a. When it melts and then cools on the Earth’s surface
b. When it melts and then cools inside the Earth’s interior
c. When it undergoes weathering and erosion
d. When it disintegrates into smaller pieces

14. Which if the following statements is correct?

a. slow cooling forms small crystals
b. Metamorphic rocks solidify to form igneous rocks
c. Compacting and sedimentation change igneous rocks to metamorphic rocks
d. Magma that crystallizes at the surface is called volcanic rock.

15. The main feature that commonly describes an igneous rock is ______________.
LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES
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a. it is foliated
b. it is layered
c. it contains fossil
d. it has no fossils and foliation

Performance Tasks

1. Create a graphic organizer to demonstrate the interlocking relationship between the three main
types of rocks. Make sure to include the smaller groups of each type of rock and write a brief
description about it. You can use the sample diagram below as a guide. You can be creative as you can
in making your picture graphic organizer for the main types of rocks.

Regional
Metamorphism
Intrusive Clastic Contact
Metamorphism
Extrusive Chemical

Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
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Understanding Directed Assessment

Get Ready to Rock!
Directions: Write a reflective learning about what you have learned about Rocks and Types of Rocks, by answ
your answers in a more critical and creative presentation of your great learning. Happy Working!

The lesson on igneous •What learnings have I •What examples can I

rocks guides me to found from this lesson? explore and think
ponder on... more?

Learning Resources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igneous_rock#:~:text=Igneous%20rock%20(deriv ed% 20from%20the,solidification%20of

https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/99/pdf/gip99_chapter2.pdf
https://geology.com/rocks/igneous-rocks.html
https://www.google.com/search?q=rocks+type&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjigc3py_7rAhUtEqYKHbB5Cd0Q2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=rocks+type&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIECAAQEzIECAAQEzIECAAQEzIECAAQEzIECAAQEzIICAAQBRAeEBMyCA
gAEAUQHhATMggIABAFEB4QEzIICAAQBRAeEBMyCAgAEAUQHhATOgQIIxAnOgQIABBDOgUIABCxAzoCCAA6BwgAELEDEE
M6CAgAELEDEIMBOgoIABCxAxCDARBDOgQIABAeOgYIABAFEB5QvNcTWIz0E2C_-
hNoAHAAeACAAfgDiAHzGJIBCTItNi4yLjEuMZgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=dONqXL3Ka2kmAWw86XoDQ&

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https://www.google.com/search?q=rock+cycle&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjn2vrAzv7rAhUGzIsBHaEQBpUQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=rock+cycle&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzIICAAQsQMQgwEyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADI
CCAA6BAgjECc6BQgAELEDOgQIABBDOgcIABCxAxBDUKezCliyywpgs9IKaABwAHgAgAG8AYgBtQmSAQMxLjmYAQCgAQGqA
Qtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=ROZqX-eoLoaYr7wPoaGYqAk&bih=553&biw=1242#imgrc=LXwjRGNbJqNKwM

LSPU Self-paced Learning Module (SLM)

Course Earth and Life Sciences

Sem/AY First Semester/2020-2021

Module No. 4
Lesson Title EARTH MATERIALS AND PROCESSES: EXOGENIC AND ENDOGENIC PROCESSES
Week
5
Duration
Date November 02-06, 2020
Description This lesson will discuss and state that igneous rocks are divided into two types, namely
of the intrusive igneous and extrusive igneous rocks.
Lesson

Learning Outcomes
Intended Students should be able to meet the following intended learning outcomes:
Learning • compare and contrast the formation of the two types of igneous rocks based on
Outcomes geological setting or origin, texture and rate of cooling
• identify different types of intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
Targets/ At the end of the lesson, students should be able to:
Objectives • Enumerate the different types of intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks.
• Discuss the importance of the two types of igneous rocks based on geological
setting or origin, texture and rate of cooling.
• explain completely the intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks processes

Student Learning Strategies

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Online Activities E. Online Discussion via Google Meet

(Synchronous/ You will be directed to attend in One-Hour class discussion on the
nature and types of educational technologies. To have access to the
Asynchronous)
Online Discussion, refer to this link: ____________________.

The online discussion will happen on November 03 and 05, 2020, from
09:00-10:00AM.

(For further instructions, refer to your Google Classroom and see the
schedule of activities for this module)

F. Learning Guide Questions:

9. What are the importance’s of igneous rocks in our environment?
10. What is the main difference between the intrusive and extrusive igneous
rocks processes?

11.
Note: The insight that you will post on online discussion forum using Learning Management
System (LMS) will receive additional scores in class participation.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Lecture Guide

LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

Try to go back in time when your previous teacher in science called you in a recitation
and asked the difference between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Did
you find it difficult to distinguish one type of rock from the other? Do you still
remember how scientists identify and classify the many rocks that we have around?
Yeah, rocks are found everywhere! In this lesson, the students will study how igneous
rocks are formed and what is its major classification. But before you proceed to the
lesson and activity proper, let’s try an exciting warm-up. Later, if your answers are all
correct you will earn special points for your superb performance.

Word Scramble Puzzle: You must unscramble five (5) ideas or concepts
related to the next lesson. Rearrange the letters in the boxes below for each
number in order to make a correct concept.

1. A solid material made of one substance, mostly crystals and occurs

naturally on earth.
L M I R E N A

_________________________________________________________________________________________
Offline Activities
2. It is molten (melted) rock under the surface of the Earth. It is produced
(e-
in the upper reaches of the mantle or in the lowest areas of the crust usually at
Learning/SelfPaced)
a depth of 50 to 200 kilometers.
G M A A M

___________________________________________________________________________________________

3. It is the process of breaking down rocks and minerals into smaller pieces
by water, wind, and ice.
G E T R W A H N I E

4. A rock that solidifies from magma or lava.

S U O E N I G

5. It is process when a molten liquid becomes a solid.

I T CA N O II SL F I D O
___________________________________________________________________________________________

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

BRIEF INTRODUCTION
A. Igneous Rocks: How do igneous rocks form?

Igneous rock from the Latin name “ignis” meaning fire or magmatic rock, is
formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. The formation
of magma is a consequent process from partial melts of existing rocks in either
earth’s mantle or crust. Natural melting is caused by one or more of three
processes such as an increase in temperature, a decrease in pressure, and or a
change in composition. Solidification into rock occurs either below the surface
as intrusive rocks or on the surface as extrusive rocks. Scientists used this
classification in order to determine the origin of the rock. Igneous rock may
form with crystallization to produce granular, crystalline rocks, or without
crystallization to form natural glasses. Igneous rocks occur in a wide range of
geological settings: shields, platforms, orogens, basins, large igneous provinces,
extended crust, and oceanic crust. Thus, igneous rocks can be intrusive or
extrusive based on geological settings.

B. Which igneous rock is coarse-textured? fine-textured?

Intrusive igneous rocks also known as plutonic or abyssal make up the

majority of igneous rocks. This type of igneous rocks originates from magma
that cools and solidifies within the crust surrounded by pre-existing rock. The
magma cools slowly inside the volcano, thus making the rocks coarse-grained
or coarse textured. Accordingly, the central cores of major mountain ranges
consist of intrusive igneous rocks, usually made of granite. When exposed by
erosion, these cores (called batholiths) may occupy huge areas of the earth's
surface. On the other hand, there are intrusive igneous rocks, called volcanic or
hypabyssal rocks that form near the surface and they are usually
mediumgrained or medium textured rocks. They can generally be identified
with the naked eye. It can also be classified according to the shape and size of
the intrusive body and its relation to the other formations into which it
intrudes such as batholiths, stocks, laccoliths, sills, and dikes. Can you give
other examples of intrusive igneous rocks?

Extrusive igneous rocks or volcanic rocks, are formed at the crust's surface,
a consequent process of the partial melting of rocks within the mantle and
crust. They cool and solidify more quickly than intrusive igneous rocks. They

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
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are formed by the cooling of molten magma on the earth's surface. The magma,
which is brought to the surface through fissures or volcanic eruptions,

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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 Republic of the Philippines
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ISO 9001:2015 Certified
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solidifies at a faster rate. Hence such rocks are smooth, crystalline and finegrained. Basalt is a
common extrusive igneous rock and forms lava flows, lava sheets and lava plateaus. Some
kinds of basalt solidify to form long polygonal columns. The molten rock, with or without
suspended crystals and gas bubbles, is called magma. It rises because it is less dense than the
rock from which it was created. When magma reaches the surface from beneath water or air,
it is called lava. The volume of extrusive rock erupted annually by volcanos vary with plate
tectonic setting. Extrusive rock is produced in the following proportions: divergent boundary:
73%, convergent boundary (subduction zone):15%, and hotspot: 12%. What are the other
examples of extrusive igneous rocks?

Engaging Activities

ACTIVITIES
The following activities will help you become familiar with igneous rocks. You should be able
to classify igneous rocks according to their origin, texture, and rate of cooling. You will also
have to compare and contrast between intrusive igneous and extrusive igneous rocks and
describe how these igneous rocks are formed.

Activity 1.1: Classify Me…I’m a Precious Igneous Rock!

Igneous Image Origin Texture Rate of

Rock cooling
Granite is a phaneritic slow,
1. Granite common intrusive
intrusive on
continents,
often forming
erosional
remnants like
Stone
Mountain
Diorite is an phaneritic slow,
2. Diorite intrusive intrusive
plutonic rock
with a
composition
that is
intermediate
between
gabbro and
granite.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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Laguna State Polytechnic University
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Pumice is a aphanitic rapid,

3. Pumice low-density, and vesicular extrusive
light-colored
felsic
volcanic rock.
Scoria is a aphanitic and rapid,
4. Scoria dark-colored vesicular extrusive
extrusive
volcanic rock
with
abundant
large
vesicles.
Obsidian is aphanitic, rapid,
5. Obsidian an extrusive glassy extrusive
volcanic rock
formed by
the rapid
cooling of
high viscosity
magma.
Basalt is an aphanitic fast,
6. Basalt extrusive extrusive
mafic
volcanic rock.
Rhyolite is aphanitic fast,
7. Rhyolite an extrusive extrusive
felsic (silicic)
volcanic rock.

Gabbro is an phaneritic slow, intrusive

8. Gabbro intrusive mafic
plutonic rock.
It forms the
lower layer of
oceanic crust
and many
continental
intrusions.
Andesite is an aphanitic fast, extrusive
9. Andesite extrusive
volcanic rock
with a
composition
LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES
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 Republic of the Philippines
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that is
intermediate
between basalt
and rhyolite.
Dacite is found andesite and cooled rapidly
10. Dacite in lava flows, rhyolite. at the surface
lava domes,
dikes, sills,
Procedure: and pyroclastic
debris.
A. Using actual rock samples with proper labels or online virtual rock kit
or general rock identification book, classify the above-mentioned igneous rocks
according to origin (volcanic or plutonic), texture (coarse-grained or
finegrained) and rate of cooling (slow, rapid or very rapid).

B. Go over the brief introduction of this module to be able to understand

and answer the table above. You may need to seek for other references.

C. Answer the following questions:

1. What are the three ways scientists used to classify igneous rocks?
Origin, Texture, and Cooling rate
2. Describe how cooling rate affects the size of mineral grains in an
igneous rock. It can be used to illustrate how the rate at which molten rock
cools affects the size of the crystals that form within the solid rock – rapid
cooling producing small crystals, slower cooling producing larger ones.
3. Compare and contrast volcanic igneous rocks with plutonic igneous
rocks. This differentiation between magma and lava is important when we
consider the two classifications of igneous rock. This is because plutonic
rocks are rocks formed when magma cools and solidifies below the
earth's surface, and volcanic rocks are rocks formed when lava cools and
solidifies on the earth's surface.

Activity 1.2: Intrusive Rock versus Extrusive Rock!!

1. Compare and contrast the two types of igneous rocks through accomplishing
the table below:
TYPE OF IGNEOUS ROCK ? ?

Image (1)

Example Granite Quartzite

characteristics Interlocking crystal Usually has interlocking
crystal and layer ( called
foliation)

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

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 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
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ISO 9001:2015 Certified
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How is it formed? These rocks were one These rocks formed

liquid magma they not when igneous,
erupt from volcanoes, sedimentary, or other
Instead, Instead, they metamorphic rock are
cooled slowly and the heated and squished,
crystal had time to grow forming a new type of
large. rock.

Image (2)

Example Limestone Basalt

characteristics Usually with light gray Crystal are so small and
color sometimes with can’t be soon with the
crystal, sometimes with named eyes but
shells. sometimes larger.
How is it formed? These rocks are also These are molten
deposited in water. magma that erupted
However, they formed as from volcanoes. They
a chemical reaction in cooled very quickly,
the water that leaves a which is why the crystals
chemical deposit. are usually very small.

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2. Answer the following questions in order to compare and contrast types of

igneous rocks and how they are formed.
a. What are intrusive igneous rocks? Extrusive igneous rocks? Give
common examples for both types. Extrusive rocks are formed on the surface
of the Earth from lava, which is magma that has emerged from
underground. Intrusive rocks are formed from magma that cools and
solidifies within the crust of the planet.
b. What are the characteristics of intrusive igneous rocks? extrusive igneous
rocks? Intrusive igneous rocks cool from magma slowly because they are
buried beneath the surface, so they have large crystals.
Extrusive igneous rocks cool from lava rapidly because they form at
the surface, so they have small crystals.

c. How do intrusive igneous rocks form? extrusive igneous rocks?

Intrusive igneous rocks crystallize below Earth's surface, and the slow
cooling that occurs there allows large crystals to form. Extrusive igneous
rocks erupt onto the surface, where they cool quickly to form small
crystals. Some cool so quickly that they form an amorphous glass.

Activity 1.3: My Precious Igneous Rock Diagram

Examine the diagram below and use critical thinking in order to create
concrete concepts between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks. Answer the

guide questions below:

a. What does the earth surface indicate as to the type of igneous rock?
Igneous rocks (from the Latin word for fire) form when hot, molten rock
crystallizes and solidifies. The melt originates deep within the Earth near
LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES
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 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

active plate boundaries or hot spots, then rises toward the surface.
b. What is the primary characteristic of the sample rocks found in the earth’s
surface? Indigenous rocks or Sedimentary rocks are formed on or near
the Earth's surface, in contrast to metamorphic and igneous rocks, which
are formed deep within the Earth. The types of rocks those not include
any fossil deposits, they can be either glassy or coarse, and these usually
do not react with acids.
c. What are the sample rocks? A single rock sample is used to characterize a
section of a well or formation, while a collection of rock samples can be
used to determine if there is sufficient reservoir properties to sustain a
power generation or heat utilization facility.
d. What does the depth part indicate as to the type of igneous rock?
Igneous rocks are classified on the basis of texture and composition.
Texture refers to the size, shape, and arrangement of the mineral grains
or crystals of which the rock is composed.
e. What is the primary characteristic of the sample rocks found in the deep
part of the earth? Rocks are classified according to characteristics such as
mineral and chemical composition, permeability, texture of the
constituent particles, and particle size.
REMEMBER

This module has a subtitle Precious Igneous Rocks. Why do you think igneous
rocks are precious? Let’s find out! Bear in mind that igneous rocks are divided
into two types based on geological settings or location and these are:

a. Intrusive igneous rocks also known as plutonic igneous rock are found
on the deep part of the earth, forms when magma is trapped deep inside the
earth, and great globs of molten rock rise toward the surface. Some of the
magma may feed volcanoes on the earth's surface, but most remains trapped
below, where it cools very slowly over many thousands or millions of years
until it solidifies. Slow cooling enables the individual mineral grains to have a
very long time to grow, so they grow to a relatively large size. Intrusive rocks
have a coarsegrained texture.
b. Extrusive igneous rocks also known as volcanic igneous rocks are
produced

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Laguna State Polytechnic University
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ISO 9001:2015 Certified
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when magma exits and cools above (or very near) the earth's surface. These
are the rocks that form at erupting volcanoes and oozing fissures. The magma,
called lava when molten rock erupts on the surface, cools and solidifies almost
instantly when it is exposed to the relatively cool temperature of the
atmosphere. Quick cooling indicates that mineral crystals don't have much
time to grow, so these rocks have a very fine-grained or even glassy texture.
Hot gas bubbles are often trapped in the quenched lava, forming a bubbly,
vesicular texture.

So, what makes igneous rocks precious? The individual mineral grains called
stones or gems found particularly in intrusive igneous rocks make them
precious! They can be used in making jewelry or fashionable accessory.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Performance Tasks
Make your own graphic organizer to check how well you understand the lessons in this module. Use
the guide below. You can be more creative.

Plutonic – deep part of the earth

Intrusive
Coarse – textured rocks due to slow cooling

Extrusive Volcanic – earth’s surface

Fine – textured rocks due to rapid cooling

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

Name: ____________________________________________

Precious Igneous Rocks!

REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET No.4
Directions: Write a reflective learning about what you have learned about Igneous Rocks by
answering the questions inside the box. You may express your answers in a more critical and creative
presentation of your great learning. Have fun and enjoy!

The lesson on Rocks

•What learnings have I •What examples can I
and Types of Rocks,
found from this explore and think
guides me to ponder
lesson? more?
on...

What is my conclusion •What good character •What learnings can I

on the lesson? have I developed from share with my family
this lesson? and peers?

Understanding Directed Assessment

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Rubrics for Grading your illustration:

Criteria Score Scoring Guide Score Scoring Guide

Showed the proper 4 pts – Exceeds Expectation

interconnection of Igneous Rock. 3 pts – Meets Expectation
2 pts – Needs Improvement
Clearly described the difference of 1 pt – Not Visible
Intrusive and Extrusive .

Explained well how a process in

one system affects the other.

Organization of concepts

Creative illustration.

Total Score

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
Province of Laguna
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Level I Institutionally Accredited

Learning Resources
Dick et al. (2001). The Systematic Design of Instruction 5th Ed. New York: Longman Addison-Wesley
Educational Publishers Inc.
Duffy et al. (2003) Teaching and Learning with Technology. New York. Pearson Education Inc.
Gagne R., Briggs L. and Wager 4th edition (1992). Principles of Instructional Design. Orlando: Harcourt,
Brace, Javanovich.
Hachbarth, Steven. (1996) The Educational Technology Handbook. A Comprehensive Guide: Process and
Products for Learning. New Jersey: Educational Technology Publications.
Heinich, R., Molenda, M., Russell, J.D., & Smaldino, S.E. (2002). Instructional Media and Technologies for
Learning 7th ed. New Jersey: Merrill Prentice Hall.
Hutchinson et al. (1995). Using Information Technology a Practical Introduction to Computers &
Communications. Chicago: IRWIN
Kemp J., Harper and Row (1985). The Instructional Design Process. New York
Leshin, C. B., Pollock, J., & Reigeluth, C. M. (1992). Instructional Design Strategies and Tactics. Englewood
Cliffs, NJ: Education Technology Publications.
Newby et al. (2006) Instructional Technology for Teaching and Learning. 3rd ed. New Jersey. Prentice
Hall, Inc.
Norton, P. and Wilburg, K. M. (2003). Teaching with Technology: Designing Opportunities to Learn.
Roblyer, .M. D. & Edwards, J. (2000, 2004 & 2006). Integrating Educational Technology intoTeaching.
New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
Venketaiah, N. (2004). Educational Technology. New Delhi: APH Publishing Corporation

https://edtechnonprojectedmedia.wordpress.com/2015/07/16/non-projected-media/
https://prezi.com/kbt1rwdhgyph/real-object-as-your-instructional-materials/
https://openlibrary.org/works/OL4968439W/Real_objects_and_models
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Still_photography
https://www.google.com/search?q=igneous+rocks&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiPgLec0f7rAhWIBaYKHdq
6AZYQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=igne&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQARgAMgUIABCxAzICCAAyBAgAEEMyAggAMgQIABBD
MgIIADICCAAyAggAMgIIADICCAA6BAgjECc6BwgAELEDEENQic0JWO3UCWDA5gloAHAAeACAA
ZkBiAGdBJIBAzAuNJgBAKABAaoBC2d3cy13aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=HelqX8_9G4iLmA
Xa9YawCQ&bih=553&biw=1242#imgrc=jk7unkvaPQ0XBM

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Performance task

Igneous Rock

Intrusive Extrusive

Course-
Plutonic- deep Fine-Texture
Texture rocks Volcanic- Earth
part of the rocks due
due to slow surface
earth rapid cooling
cooling

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES
Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
Understanding Assessment

The lesson on rocks and types of rocks, guides me to ponder on how to know the different of the two kinds of
igneous rocks.

The learning I have found from the lesson is the different of intrusive Igneous rocks and extrusive rocks.

The other kinds of igneous rocks and their physical appearance.

The learnings that I can share with my family and friends is how to formed the intrusive and extrusive rocks.

I developed my understanding about how to formed and their differences of two kinds of igneous rocks.

My conclusion on this lesson is that rocks are not just rocks. It can be precious of us.

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES
 Republic of the Philippines
Laguna State Polytechnic University
ISO 9001:2015 Certified
Province of Laguna
Level I Institutionally Accredited

LSPU SELF-PACED LEARNING MODULE: EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCES

Prepared by: JERRY CONCEPCION REYES