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How To Select A SSR

The document provides guidance on selecting a solid state relay (SSR). It discusses the operating principle of SSRs and key selection criteria including package type, input/output specifications, thermal environment, and surge current ratings from different load types like inductive, capacitive, solenoid, and transformer loads. Special consideration needs to be given to the inrush current generated during switching to ensure it does not exceed the SSR's surge current rating.

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Gustavo Pérez
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
41 views

How To Select A SSR

The document provides guidance on selecting a solid state relay (SSR). It discusses the operating principle of SSRs and key selection criteria including package type, input/output specifications, thermal environment, and surge current ratings from different load types like inductive, capacitive, solenoid, and transformer loads. Special consideration needs to be given to the inrush current generated during switching to ensure it does not exceed the SSR's surge current rating.

Uploaded by

Gustavo Pérez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

R009

V1.0
ZELIO RELAY

How to select a SSR

I- Type of publication

Typical application Level 2 use

Best know Method (BKM) Internal use

Troubleshooting guide Customer

II- Product
- Product range : - Product family :

Zelio R elay SSR

III- Introduction
A SSR (solid state relay) can perform many tasks that an EMR (electromechanical relay)
can perform.
The SSR differs in that it has no moving mechanical parts within it. It is essentially an
electronic device that relies on the electrical, magnetic and optical properties of
semiconductors, and electrical components to achieve its isolation and relay switching
function.

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R009
V1.0
ZELIO RELAY

IV- Principle of operation


Solid State Relays are similar to electromechanical relays, in that both use a control circuit
and a separate circuit for switching the load. When voltage is applied to the input of the
SSR, the relay is energized by a light emitting diode. The light from the diode is beamed
into a light sensitive semiconductor which, in the case of zero voltage crossover relays,
conditions the control circuit to turn on the output solid state switch at the next zero
voltage crossover. In the case of nonzero voltage crossover relays, the output solid state
switch is turned on at the precise voltage occurring at the time. Removal of the input power
disables the control circuit and the solid state switch is turned off when the load current
passes through the zero point of its cycle.

V- Selection criteria

Package Desired:

Panel mounting:

A temperature dissipation is mandatory

Din Rail mounting with pre-equipped heatsink :

Input specifications:

Control Voltage: AC or DC
Current consumption: current rating

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R009
V1.0
ZELIO RELAY

Output specifications:

Line Voltage : Consider in harsh electrical environments using an SSR with a line voltage
rating a step above the application voltage

Current Rating : maximum current desired, and minimum current rating also (SSR needs
a minimum current to function properly). Current rating, as a general rule consider a using
the relay at no more than 70% of its rated current

Thermal Environment : Use of the derating curves to determine the heatsinking required,
maximum safe current, or limit of ambient temperature.

Ex:

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R009
V1.0
ZELIO RELAY

Single Cycle Surge Current Rating: depends on the load

Resistive Loads : no inrush current, follow the ratings.

Lamp loads: basically resistive, but when it is cold, the resistance of the lamp filament is
5 to 10 % less than the heated value  A large inrush current can occur. It is essential to
verify that this inrush current is within the surge specifications of the SSR.

+
Inductive Loads in DC (on lorries, forklift…): a diode should be placed across the load to
absorb any surges during turn off.
-

Capacitive Loads (Power supply, Battery…): High surge currents can occur while
charging, limited only by circuit resistance. Caution must be used with low impedance
capacitive loads to verify that the di/dt capabilities are not exceeded.
A current shunt and oscilloscope should be used to examine the duration of the inrush
current.

Solenoids & Motors:


Solenoids have high initial surge currents because their stationary impedance is very low.

Motors: The inrush currents associated with mechanical loads having high starting torque
or inertia, such as fans and flywheels, should be carefully considered to verify that they are
within the surge capabilities of the SSR
A current shunt and oscilloscope should be used to examine the duration of the inrush
current.

Transformers:
Depending on the state of the transformer flux at the time of turn off, the transformer may
saturate during the first half-cycle of applied voltage. This saturation can impose a very
large current (10 to 100 times rated typical) on the SSR which far exceeds its half cycle
surge rating. SSRs having a zero cross turn on device requires to support the first half
cycle of the voltage
The use of a current shunt and an oscilloscope is recommended to verify that the half
cycle surge capability is not exceeded

Inrush current The SSR must be selected according to the surge


generated by the load :
Transient Overvoltage (Vpk) > Voltage surge
Maximum Surge Current (Apk) > Inrush current

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