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ISA (International Society for Automation)

Standards, Technical Reports
www.isa.org
1. ISA 18.1,
Annunciator Sequences and Specifications.

2. ISA 18.2-2009,
Management of Alarm Systems for the Process Industries.

3. ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part 1 (IEC 61511-1 Mod)

Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry
Sector - Part 1: Framework, Definitions, System, Hardware and Software
Requirements.

4. ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part 2 (IEC 61511-2 Mod)

Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry
Sector - Part 2: Guidelines for the Application of ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part
1 (IEC 61511-1 Mod) - Informative

5. ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 Part 3 (IEC 61511-3 Mod)

Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry
Sector - Part 3: Guidance for the Determiniation of the Required Safety
Integrity Levels � Informative

6. ISA-TR84.00.02-2002 Parts 1,
Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Evaluation
Techniques Part 1: Introduction.

7. ISA-TR84.00.02-2002 Parts 2,
Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Evaluation
Techniques Part 2: Determining the SIL of a SIF via Simplified Equations.

8. ISA-TR84.00.02-2002 Parts 3,
Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Evaluation
Techniques Part 3: Determining the SIL of a SIF via Fault Tree Analysis.

9. ISA-TR84.00.02-2002 Parts 4,
Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Evaluation
Techniques Part 4: Determining the SIL of a SIF via Markov Analysis.

10. ISA-TR84.00.02-2002 Parts 5,

Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF) Safety Integrity Level (SIL) Evaluation
Techniques Part 5: Determining the PFD of SIS Logic Solvers via Markov
Analysis.

11. ISA-TR84.00.03-2002
Guidance for Testing of Process Sector Safety Instrumented Functions (SIF)
Implemented as or Within Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS)

12. ISA-TR84.00.04-2005, Part 1 Part 1:

Guideline on the Implementation of ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 (IEC 61511 Mod)

13. ISA-TR84.00.04-2005, Part 2 Part 2:

Example Implementation of ANSI/ISA-84.00.01-2004 (IEC 61511 Mod)

14. ANSI/ISA-91.00.01-2001
Identification of Emergency Shutdown Systems and Controls that are Critical to
Maintaining Safety in Process Industries
15. ANSI/ISA-91.00.02-2003
Criticality Classification guideline for Instrumentation.
NOTE: Other Standards, TRs relating to Fire & Gas detection System,
application of Communication Buses to Safety Instrumented System, etc are
under drafting stage.

ISA (International Society for Automation)

Books
www.isa.org

1. Safety Instrumented Systems: Design, Analysis, and Justification, 2nd

Edition. By Paul Gruhn, Harry L. Cheddie. ISBN/ID: 978-1-55617-956-3.

Written in easy to read format this book is the perfect one to get started with
the subject of SIS. It explains the background, provide brief of incidents, and
corresponding legislation relating to Safety. The book explains each and every
phase within Safety Life Cycle.

2. Safety Integrity Level Selection - Systematic Methods Including Layer of

Protection Analysis. By Edward M. Marszal, Dr. Eric W. Scharpf, ISBN/ID: 978-
1-55617-777-4.

This is an excellent text on the subject of SIL Selection for a given SIF. Text
has chapters devoted to the areas Tolerable Risks guidelines, Consequence
Analysis for chemical processes, Risk evaluation/ SIL selection techniques.
There is one complete chapter on LOPA.

3. Safety Instrumented Systems Verification � Practical Probabilistic

Calculations. By William M. Goble and Harry Cheddie, ISBN/ID: 978-1-55617-
909-9.

Books deals with the verification of SIL using probabilistic calculations. Book
starts with the explanation of Safety Life Cycle and brief of the concepts of
Reliability engineering. System modeling techniques inclusive of Reliability block
diagram, fault tree analysis, Markov models are discussed. There are chapters
devoted for various issues regarding Sensors, Logic Solvers, & Final Elements.

4. Alarm Management: Seven Effective Methods for Optimum Performance.

By Bill R. Hollifield and Eddie Habibi. ISBN/ID: 978-1934394-00-7.

Alarm systems form the important protection layer within the complete Safety
System for a given facility. Alarm system could be part of Preventive layer of
Mitigation layer or both. The text deals on the effective identification &
deployment of this protection layer in the overall scheme of Safety within a
given facility.

5. Control Systems Safety Evaluation and Reliability, 2nd Edition. By William

M. Goble. ISBN/ID:978-1-55617-996-9.

This is a classic text on Control System Safety Evaluation. In short the book
deals with the application of Reliability Engineering when applied to Control
Systems. Explains system architectures in more detail and also system modeling
techniques, viz., Reliability block diagram, Fault tree Analysis & Markov models
are discussed in more detail.

IEC (International Electro-technical Commission)

Standards, Technical Reports
www.iec.ch
1. IEC 61508- Parts 1-7,
Functional safety of electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-
related systems.

This is the Generic standard for Function Safety of

electrical/electronic/programmable electronic safety-related systems and is a
base standard for application/ industry specific works, like IEC 61511 for
Process industry sector, IEC 62061 for Machinery systems, etc.

2. IEC 61511- Parts 1-3,

Functional Safety: Safety Instrumented Systems for the Process Industry
Sector.

ANSI/ ISA 84.00.01 was adopted directly from IEC 61511. ANSI/ ISA version
differs from IEC version in that the former also includes what is referred to as
�Grandfather Clause�.

3. IEC 61513,
Nuclear power plants � Instrumentation and control for systems important to
safety � General requirements for systems.

4. IEC 62061,
Safety of machinery - Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic
and programmable electronic control systems.

IEC Standards/ Technical Reports referred frequently in SIS:

5. IEC 60812, Edition 2.0 (2006-01)

Analysis techniques for system reliability - Procedure for failure mode and
effects analysis (FMEA).

6. IEC 61025, Edition 2.0 (2006-12)

Fault tree analysis (FTA).

7. IEC 61078, Edition 2.0 (2006-01)

Analysis techniques for dependability - Reliability block diagram and boolean
methods.

8. IEC 61165, Edition 2.0 (2006-05)

Application of Markov techniques.

9. IEC 61703, Edition 1.0 (2001-09)

Mathematical expressions for reliability, availability, maintainability and
maintenance support terms.

10. IEC 61882, Edition 1.0 (2001-05)

Hazard and operability studies (HAZOP studies) - Application guide.

Other IEC Standards/ Technical Reports from IEC �TC/ SC 56: Dependability�,
which cover variety of topics in Dependability (Combined measure of
performance relating availability, reliability, maintainability, and other related
issues) Engineering. Below IEC documents are from IEC TC/ SC 56 except for
IEC 61069-5 which is from IEC TC / SC 65A.

11. IEC 60050-191, Edition 1.0 (1990-12)

International Electrotechnical Vocabulary. Chapter 191: Dependability and
quality of service.

12. IEC 60300-1, Edition 2.0 (2003-06)

Dependability management - Part 1 : Dependability management systems.

13. IEC 60300-2, Edition 2.0 (2004-03)

Dependability management - Part 1 : Guidelines for dependability management.

14. IEC 60300-3-1, Edition 2.0 (2003-01)

Dependability management - Part 3-1: Application guide - Analysis techniques
for dependability - Guide on methodology.

15. IEC 60300-3-2, Edition 2.0 (2004-11)

Dependability management - Part 3-2: Application guide - Collection of
dependability data from the field.

16. IEC 60300-3-3, Edition 2.0 (2004-07)

Dependability management - Part 3-3: Application guide - Life cycle costing.

17. IEC 60300-3-4, Edition 2.0 (2007-09)

Dependability management - Part 3-4: Application guide - Guide to the
specification of dependability requirements.

18. IEC 60300-3-5, Edition 1.0 (2001-03)

Dependability management - Part 3-5: Application guide - Reliability test
conditions and statistical test principles.

19. IEC 60300-3-9, Edition 1.0 (1995-12)

Dependability management - Part 3: Application guide - Section 9: Risk analysis
of technological systems.

20. IEC 60300-3-10, Edition 1.0 (2001-01)

Dependability management - Part 3-10: Application guide - Maintainability.

21. IEC 60300-3-11, Edition 2.0 (2009-06)

Dependability management - Part 3-11: Application guide - Reliability centred
maintenance.

22. IEC 60300-3-14, Edition 1.0 (2004-03)

Dependability management - Part 3-14: Application guide - Maintenance and
maintenance support.

23. IEC 60300-3-15, Edition 1.0 (2009-06)

Dependability management - Part 3-15: Application guide - Engineering of
system dependability.

24. IEC 60319, Edition 3.0 (1999-09)

Presentation and specification of reliability data for electronic components.

25. IEC 60605-2, Edition 1.0 (1994-10)

Equipment reliability testing - Part 2: Design of test cycles.

26. IEC 60605-4, Edition 2.0 (2001-08)

Equipment reliability testing - Part 4: Statistical procedures for exponential
distribution - Point estimates, confidence intervals, prediction intervals and
tolerance intervals.

27. IEC 60605-6, Edition 3.0 (2007-05)

Equipment reliability testing - Part 6: Tests for the validity and estimation of
the constant failure rate and constant failure intensity.

28. IEC 61014, Edition 2.0 (2003-07)

Programmes for reliability growth.

29. IEC 61069-5, Edition 1.0 (1994-12)

Industrial-process measurement and control - Evaluation of system properties
for the purpose of system assessment - Part 5: Assessment of system
dependability.

30. IEC 61070, Edition 1.0 (1991-11)

Compliance test procedures for steady-state availability.

31. IEC 61124, Edition 2.0 (2006-03)

Reliability testing - Compliance tests for constant failure rate and constant
failure intensity.

32. IEC 61160, Edition 2.0 (2005-09)

Design review.

33. IEC 61163-1, Edition 2.0 (2006-06)

Reliability stress screening - Part 1: Repairable assemblies manufactured in lots.

34. IEC 61163-2, Edition 1.0 (1998-11)

Reliability stress screening - Part 2: Electronic components.

35. IEC 61164, Edition 2.0 (2004-03)

Reliability growth - Statistical test and estimation methods.

36. IEC 61649, Edition 2.0 (2008-08)

Weibull analysis.

37. IEC 61709, Edition 1.0 (1996-10)

Electronic components - Reliability - Reference conditions for failure rates and
stress models for conversion.

38. IEC 61710, Edition 1.0 (2000-11)

Power law model - Goodness-of-fit tests and estimation methods.

39. IEC 61713, Edition 1.0 (2000-06)

Software dependability through the software life-cycle processes- Application
guide.

40. IEC 62198, Edition 1.0 (2001-04)

Project risk management - Application guidelines.

41. IEC 62308, Edition 1.0 (2006-07)

Equipment reliability - Reliability assessment methods.

42. IEC 62347, Edition 1.0 (2006-11)

Guidance on system dependability specifications.

43. IEC/TR 62380, Edition 1.0 (2004-08)

Reliability data handbook - Universal model for reliability prediction of
electronics components, PCBs and equipment.

44. IEC 62429, Edition 1.0 (2007-11)

Reliability growth - Stress testing for early failures in unique complex systems.
45. IEC/PAS 62508, Edition 1.0 (2007-06)
Guidance on human factors engineering for system life cycle applications.

46. Project ISO/IEC 31010, Edition 1.0 (2009-08)

Risk management - Risk assessment techniques.

ISO (International Organization for Standardization)

Standards, Technical Reports
www.iso.org

1. ISO 14224: 2006,

Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries -- Collection and exchange
of reliability and maintenance data for equipment.

New edition of OREDA, which is scheduled for release in Sept 2009, will be
aligned with ISO 14224.

2. ISO/ IEC 2382- 14: 1997,

Information technology -- Vocabulary -- Part 14: Reliability, maintainability and
availability.

3. ISO 9001: 2008

Quality management systems � Requirements.

4. ISO/ IEC 90003: 2004

Software engineering -- Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2000 to
computer software.

5. ISO/ TR 10017: 2003

Guidance on statistical techniques for ISO 9001:2000.

6. ISO 16269-6: 2005

Statistical interpretation of data -- Part 6: Determination of statistical
tolerance intervals.

7. ISO 2602: 1980

Statistical interpretation of test results -- Estimation of the mean --
Confidence interval.

8. ISO 14121-1: 2007,

Safety of machinery - Risk assessment - Part 1: Principles.

9. ISO/ TR 14121-2: 2007,

Safety of machinery - Risk assessment - Part 2: Practical guidance and
examples of methods.

10. ISO 6527: 1982,

Nuclear power plants - Reliability data exchange -- General guidelines.

11. ISO 7385: 1983,

Nuclear power plants - Guidelines to ensure quality of collected data on
reliability.

AIChE/ CCPS (American Institute of Chemical Engineers/ Centre for Chemical

Process Safety)
Guidelines / Concept Reference
www.aiche.org

1. Inherently Safer Chemical Processes: A Life Cycle Approach, 2nd Edition.

2. Guidelines for Chemical Process Quantitative Risk Analysis, 2nd Edition.

3. Guidelines for Hazard Evaluation Procedures, 3rd Edition.

4. Layer of Protection Analysis: Simplified Process Risk Assessment.

5. Guidelines for Engineering Design for Process Safety.

6. Guidelines for Implementing Process Safety Management Systems.

7. Guidelines for Mechanical Integrity Systems.

8. Guidelines for Safe and Reliable Instrumented Protective Systems.

API (American Petroleum Institute)

Standards/ Recommended Practice/ Technical Reports
www.api.org

1. API RP 14C,
Analysis, Design, Installation and Testing of Basic Surface Safety Systems on
Offshore Production Platforms. 7th Edition, March 2001.

2. API RP 14J
Recommended Practice for Design and Hazards Analysis for Offshore Production
Facilities. 2nd Edition, April 2001.

3. API Std 579-1/ASME FFS-1

Fitness-For-Service. 2nd Edition, June 2007.

NORSOK (Norwegian Petroleum Industry Standards) & other resources from

Norway
www.standard.no, www.sintef.no, www.sydvest.com

1. NORSOK Standard I-002, 2nd revision, May 2001.

Safety and Automation System (SAS).

2. NORSOK Standard S-001, 4th edition, Feb 2008.

Technical Safety.

3. NORSOK Standard Z-013, 2nd revision, Sept 2001.

Risk and Emergency preparedness analysis.

4. NORSOK Standard Z-008, 2nd revision, Nov 2001.

Criticality analysis for maintenance purposes.

5. Recommended Guidelines for the Application of IEC 61508 and IEC 61511
in the petroleum activities on the Norwegian continental shelf, 1st Revision, Feb
2001. The Norwegian Oil Industry Association.

6. Reliability Prediction Method for Safety Instrumented Systems- PDS

Method Handbook, 2006 Edition. Published by SINTEF (www.sintef.no) and
distributed by SYDVEST (www.sydvest.com).

7. Reliability Data for Safety Instrumented Systems- PDS Data Handbook,

2006 Edition. Published by SINTEF (www.sintef.no) and distributed by SYDVEST
(www.sydvest.com).
REGULATIONS, REGULATION GUIDELINES, LEGISLATION, ETC

1. 29 CFR 1910.119. Process safety management of highly hazardous

chemicals. US Code of Federal Regulation. www.osha.gov.

2. 40 CFR 68. Chemical Accident Prevention Provisions. US Code of Federal

Regulation. www.epa.gov.

3. Risk Management Plan (RMP) Rule Guidance. (Guidance for 40 CFR 68).
www.epa.gov.

4. Reducing Risks, Protecting People, Health & Safety Executive (HSE), UK.
ISBN 0 7176 2151 0. www.hse.gov.uk.

5. ALARP Suite of Guidance. Health & Safety Executive (HSE), UK.

www.hse.gov.uk/risk/theory/alarp.htm.

6. COMAH Regulation, The Control of Major Accident Hazards Regulations

1999. www.opsi.gov.uk/si/si1999/19990743.htm, Office of Public Sector
Information, Gov. of UK. www.hse.gov.uk/comah.

7. PFEER Regulation, The Offshore Installations (Prevention of Fire and

Explosion, and Emergency Response) Regulations 1995, ISBN 0110527518.
Office of Public Sector Information, Gov. of UK.

Books on Safety Instrumented Systems

1. Satisfying safety goals by probabilistic risk assessment. First Edition

(2007). By Hiromitsu Kumamoto. Pub by Springer. ISBN-13: 978-1846286810.

2. Practical industrial safety, risk assessment and shutdown systems. First

Edition (2004). By Dave Macdonald. Pub by Springer. ISBN-13: 978-0750658041

3. Functional Safety: A straight forward guide to applying IEC 61508 and

related standards. Second edition (2004). By Smith & Simpson. Pub by
Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN-13: 978-0750662697.

Books on Case Histories related to Safety

1. What went wrong ? Case histories of process plant disasters and how
they could have been avoided. 5th Edition (July 2009). By Trevor Kletz. Pub by
Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN-13: 978-1856175319.

2. Still going wrong ? Case histories of process plant disasters and how the
could have been avoided. 1st Edition (Oct 2003). By Trevor kletz. Pub by Gulf
Professional Publishing. ISBN-13: 978-0750677097.

3. Chemical Process Safety, Third Edition: Learning from Case Histories. 3rd
Edition. (Nov 2004). By Roy E Sanders/ Institute of Chemical Engineers,
IChemE. Pub by Butterworth Heinemann ISBN-13: 978-0750677493.
Books on Risk Engineering, QRA, etc

1. Risk Analysis in Engineering: Techniques, Tools, and Trends. 1st Edition

(Jan 2006). By Mohammad Modarres. Pub by CRC. ISBN-13: 978-1574447941.

2. Risk Management: With Applications from the Offshore Petroleum

Industry. 1st Edition (Feb 2007). By Terje Aven & Jan Erik Vinnem. Pub by
Springer. ISBN-13: 978-1846286520

3. Offshore Risk Assessment: Principles, Modelling and Applications of QRA

Studies. 2nd Edition. By Jan Erik Vinnem. Pub by Springer. ISBN-13: 978-
1846287169.

4. Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries, Third Edition: Hazard

Identification, Assessment and Control. (Jan 2005). Edited by Sam Mannan. Pub
by Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN-13: 978-0750675550.

5. A Guide to Quantitative Risk Assessment for Offshore Installations. By

John Spouge. Pub by CMPT (Centre for Marine & Petroleum Technology)/. DNV
Technica.

6. Chemical Process Safety: Fundamentals with Applications. 2nd Edition. By

Daniel A Crowl & Joseph F Louva. Pub by Prentice Hall. ISBN-13: 978-
0130181763

Books on Reliability Engineering

1. Reliability, Maintainability and Risk: Practical Methods for Engineers

including Reliability Centred Maintenance and Safety-Related Systems. 7th
Edition. (June 9, 2005). By David J Smith. Pub by Butterworth-Heinemann.
ISBN-13: 978-0750666947.

2. Probabilistic Risk Assessment and Management for Engineers and

Scientists. 2nd Edition. (May 1996). By Hiromitsu Kumamoto & E J Henley. Pub
by IEEE. Wiley. ISBN-13: 978-0780310049.

3. Reliability Evaluation of Engineering Systems: Concepts and Techniques.

2nd Edition. (Jun 1992). By Roy Billinton & Ronald N Allan. Pub by Springer.
ISBN-13: 978-0306440632.

4. System Reliability Theory: Models, Statistical Methods, and Applications,

2nd Edition. (Dec 2003). By Marvin Rausand & Hoyland. Pub by Wiley-
Interscience. ISBN-13: 978-0471471332.

5. Reliability Engineering Handbook, Volume 1. 1st Edition. By Dimitri B.

Kececioglu. Pub by Destech Publications. www.destechpub.com. ISBN13: 978-
1-932078-00-8.

6. Reliability Engineering Handbook, Volume 2. 1st Edition. By Dimitri B.

Kececioglu. Pub by Destech Publications. www.destechpub.com. ISBN13:
978-1-932078-01-5.

7. Reliability & Life Testing Handbook, Volume 1. 1st Edition. By Dimitri B.

Kececioglu. Pub by Destech Publications. www.destechpub.com. ISBN13:
978-1-932078-02-2.

8. Reliability & Life Testing Handbook, Volume 2. 1st Edition. By Dimitri B.

Kececioglu. Pub by Destech Publications. www.destechpub.com. ISBN13:
978-1-932078-03-9.

9. Burn-In Testing- Its Quantification and Optimization. 1st Edition. By

Dimitri B. Kececioglu & Feng-Bin Sun. Pub by Destech Publications.
www.destechpub.com. ISBN13: 978-1-932078-06-0.

10. Environmental Stress Screening- Its Quantification, Optimization and

Management. 1st Edition. By Dimitri B. Kececioglu & Feng-Bin Sun. Pub by
Destech Publications. www.destechpub.com. ISBN13: 978-1-932078-04-6.

11. Failure Mode, Effects and Criticality Analysis. By RIAC, USA.

www.theriac.org.

12. Fault Tree Analysis Application Guide. By RIAC, USA. www.theriac.org.

13. Physics-of-Failure Based Handbook of Microelectronic Systems. By RIAC,

USA. www.theriac.org.

Books on Probability & Statistics

1. Miller & Freund's Probability and Statistics for Engineers, 7th Edition. Aug

2004. Richard Johnson, Irwin Miller & John Freund. Pub by Prentice Hall. ISBN-
13: 978-0131437456.

2. Applied Statistics and Probability for Engineers, 4th Edition. April 2006.
By D C Montgomery & G C Runger. Pub by Wiley. ISBN-13: 978-0471745891.

3. Introduction to Probability and Statistics for Engineers and Scientists, 4th

Edition. Feb 2009. By Sheldon M Ross. Pub by Academic Press. ISBN-13: 978-
0471745891. ISBN-13: 978-0123704832.

Reliability Data Sources

1. OREDA 2002 Handbook. 4th Edition. By OREDA participants. Pub by DNV.

www.dnv.com.

2. Safety Equipment Reliability Handbook. By Exida.com. 3rd Edition. Pub by

Exida. www.exida.com.

3. Electrical & Mechanical Component Reliability Handbook. By Exida.com.

2nd Edition. Pub by Exida. www.exida.com.

4. Electronic Parts Reliability Data. By RIAC, USA.

5. Nonelectronic Parts Reliability Data. By RIAC, USA.

6. Failure Mode/Mechanism Distributions. By RIAC, USA.

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