QUANTITATIVE

RESEARCH
METHODS

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
a method deals with
quantifying and analysis
variables in order to get
results.
 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
describes quantitative research
methods as the explaining of an issue or
phenomenon through gathering data in
numerical form and analyzing with the
aid of mathematical methods; in
particular statistics.
(Aliaga, and Gunderson, 2002)
 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
“Quantitative research involves the
collection of data so that information
can be quantified and subjected to
statistical treatment in order to
support or refute alternative
knowledge claims”
(Leedy & Ormrod 2001; Williams, 2011)
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

To test hypotheses,
To understand and
look at cause and
PURPOSE interpret social
effect, and make
interactions.
predictions.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

GROUP Smaller and not Larger and

STUDIED randomly selected. randomly selected.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

Study of the whole, Specific variables

VARIABLES not variables. studied.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

TYPE OF
Words, images, or Numbers and
DATA objects. statistics.
COLLECTED
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE
open-ended based on precise
FORM OF responses, interviews, measurements using
DATA participant structured and
observation, field validated data-
COLLECTED notes, reflections collection instruments.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

TYPE OF Identify patterns, Identify statistical

DATA features, themes. relationships.
ANALYSIS
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

OBJECTIVITY
Subjectivity is Objectivity is
AND
expected. critical.
SUBJECTIVITY
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

Researcher and their Researcher and their

biases may be biases are not
known to known to
participants in the participants in the
ROLE OF
study, and study, and
RESEARCHER participant participant
characteristics may characteristics are
be known to the deliberately hidden
researcher. from the researcher.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

Particular or Generalizable
specialized findings findings that can be
RESULTS
that is less applied to other
generalizable. populations.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

SCIENTIFIC Exploratory or Confirmatory or

METHOD bottom-up top-down
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

VIEW OF Dynamic,
Regular and
HUMAN situational, social,
predictable.
BEHAVIOR and personal.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

MOST
COMMON Explore, discover, Describe, explain,
RESEARCH and construct. and predict.
OBJECTIVES
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

FOCUS Wide-angle lens Narrow-angle lens

QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

Study behavior
Study behavior in a
NATURE OF under controlled
natural
OBSERVATION conditions; isolate
environment.
causal effects.
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

NATURE OF Multiple realities; Single reality;

REALITY subjective. objective
QUALITATIVE VERSUS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

QUALITATIVE QUANTITATIVE

Statistical report
Narrative report
with correlations,
with contextual
comparisons of
FINAL description and
means, and
REPORT direct quotations
statistical
from research
significance of
participants.
findings.
APPROACHES TO CONDUCTING
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

embody a group of techniques used to

conduct quantitative research where
there is no manipulation done to any
variable in the study.
NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Causal - Comparative Research
NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Causal - Comparative Research
 DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

to describe, and interpret, the current

status of individuals, settings, conditions,
or events. (Mertler, 2014).
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH

Observational Research
Survey Research
OBSERVATIONAL RESEARCH

quantification of observations
is the key distinction
 SURVEY RESEARCH

to describe characteristics of a group of

population (Fraenkel et al., 2012)
SURVEY RESEARCH

Direct Administration
Mail Surveys
Telephone Surveys
Interviews
E-mail Surveys
TYPES OF SURVEY

Descriptive
Cross- sectional
Longitudinal
NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Causal - Comparative Research
 CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH

is to discover, and then possibly measure

relationships between two or more
variables.
NONEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Causal - Comparative Research
 CORRELATIONAL RESEARCH

it intends to study conditions that have

already occurred.
 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

a group of techniques wher the

researcher establishes different
treatments or conditions and then studies
their effects on the participants
 FOUR CATEGORIES

Preexperimental Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
True Experimental Research Designs
Single-Subject Research Designs
 RANDOM SELECTION

process of choosing, in random fashion,

individuals for participation in a research
study
 RANDOM ASSIGNMENT

that every individual who has been

randomly selected to participate in the
experiment has an equal chance of being
assigned to any of the groups being
compared in the study.
 TWO MAJOR CLASSES
OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

Single-variable designs
Factorial designs
 FOUR CATEGORIES

Preexperimental Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
True Experimental Research Designs
Single-Subject Research Designs
PREEXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH DESIGNS

One-shot Case Study

One-group Pretest-posttest Design
Static-group Comparison Design
 FOUR CATEGORIES

Preexperimental Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
True Experimental Research Designs
Single-Subject Research Designs
 FOUR CATEGORIES

Preexperimental Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
True Experimental Research Designs
Single-Subject Research Designs
 FOUR CATEGORIES

Preexperimental Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
True Experimental Research Designs
Single-Subject Research Designs
 FOUR CATEGORIES

Preexperimental Research Designs

Quasi-Experimental Research Designs
True Experimental Research Designs
Single-Subject Research Designs