Scott-T Transformer

Scott-Connection of Transformers
Three Phase
to
Two Phase Conversion
 Theory

 At present three-phase energy system is commonly used,

but for certain specialized applications two phase supply is
essential. For example two phase energy system is required
to feed power to
 1. Single phase arc furnaces. (Two single phase furnaces
are used in together to draw balanced load from three phase
supply).
 2. Electric traction.
 3. Low voltage single phase rural supplies.
 4. Two phase control motors, servomotor applications.
 5. To link a three phase system with a two phase system
with flow of power in either direction.
 Charles F. Scott
(1864 – 1944)
 Charles F. Scott converted two phases to three phases at
Niagara Falls (Buffalo, NY, in 1896) and the arrangement
used by him is known as Scott Connection, in his honour.
 Using this connection a three phase supply can be
converted to two phase supply or vice versa.
 The two transformers are connected electrically but not
magnetically.
 To achieve this, two single phase transformers having same
number of secondary turns (N2) are used.
Scott Connection
Scott connection : It
consists of two identical
single-phase transformers,
the one having a 50
percent tap and the other
an 86.6 percent tap on the
primary winding.
 One transformer is called as
Main Transformer, which is
center tapped.
Teaser
 The other is known as Auxiliary R Transformer
or Teaser Transformer which
has 0.866 N1 turns. 86% R a2

Primary
 Primary winding of the main
transformer is connected across
two lines of three phase supply
(Y and B) 0%
a1
 The primary of teaser B 50%
M
transformer is connected across Primary Y
third line (R) and mid point M of
main transformer. Y b1 Main b2
Transformer
Scott-Connection of
Transformers
VRY Three Phasors of Phase Voltages
VR Draw the Phasors for Line Voltages
Teaser
R Transformer
VYB 86% a2

Primary
VB
VY
0%
a1
VRY B 50%
M
VBR Primary

Y b1 Main b2
VBR Transformer
Scott-Connection of
VYB Transformers
VRY Three Phasors of Phase Voltages
VR Draw the Phasors for Line Voltages
Teaser
R Transformer
VYB 86% a2

Primary
VB
VY

R 0%
a1
VRY B 50%
M
VBR Primary

Y b1 Main b2
VBR Transformer
B Y Scott-Connection of
M VYB Transformers
 VRY  VYB  VBR  V
Let VYB be taken as reference voltage so that
─ Teaser
VYB = V 00
R Transformer
─ ─
VBR = V -1200 VRY = V +1200 86% a2

Primary
M divides the primary BY of the main
transformer in two equal halves.
─ ─ V 00
VBM = VMY = 0%
R 2 a1
VRY B 50%
M
Primary

Y b1 Main b2
VBR Transformer
V/2 V/2 Y Scott-Connection of
B M VYB Transformers
The Voltage between M and R is
V
VMR  VMY  VYR  00  V  1200
2 Teaser
1 1 3 R
 V  V (  j ) Transformer
2 2 2 86% a2
3
 j V  0.866V900

Primary
2
Or by considering right angle triangle ∆RMY,
R 0%
a1
VRY B 50%
M
Primary
2
V  3
VRM  V   
2
V  0.866V
2 2 Y b1 Main b2
VBR Transformer
V/2 V/2 Y Scott-Connection of
B M VYB Transformers
Thus the voltage VMR in the primary of teaser transformer
is 0.866 of that in main transformer and leads it by 900
VRY
0.866 V Teaser
R Transformer
86% a2

Primary
VYB
VMY
R 0%
a1
0.866 V VRY B 50%
M
Primary
VBR
Y b1 Main b2
VBR Transformer
V/2 V/2 Y Scott-Connection of
B M VYB Transformers
Thus the voltage VMR in the primary of teaser transformer
is 0.866 of that in main transformer and leads it by 900
VRY
0.866 V
The teaser transformer has a
primary voltage 86.6% and
turns are 86.6%.
VYB This means voltage per turn
VMY in teaser transformer is V/N1.
The main transformer has a
R
0.866 V VRY primary voltage 100% and
turns are 100%.
This means voltage per turn
V in main transformer is V/N1.
BR

VBR
V/2 V/2 Y
B M VYB
Thus the voltage VMR in the primary of teaser transformer
is 0.866 of that in main transformer and leads it by 900
VRY
Teaser trans
0.866 V
sec voltage
a2 a2
Main trans
sec voltage
a1 a b1 b2
VYB 1
VMY The voltages belonging to a
phase winding, on the same
R
0.866 V VRY core, are drawn parallel to each
other in the phasor diagram.
Therefore, the secondary
VBR voltage Va1a2 is parallel to VMR .
Vb1b2 is parallel to VBY.
VBR b1 b2 Thus a three phase system can
V/2 V/2 Y be converted to a two phase
B M VYB system or vice-versa.
Thus the voltage VMR in the primary of teaser transformer
is 0.866 of that in main transformer and leads it by 900
VRY
Teaser trans
0.866 V
sec voltage
a2 a2
Main trans
sec voltage
a1 a b1 b2
VYB 1
VMY Secondary voltage of teaser
R transformer Va1a2
0.866 V VRY Secondary voltage of main
transformer Vb1b2
Hence the voltage induced in
VBR the two secondary windings
which have the same number
VBR b1 b2 of turns will be same in
V/2 V/2 Y magnitude but they will be in
B M VYB phase quadrature.
Thus the voltage VRM in the primary of teaser transformer
is 0.866 of that in main transformer and leads it by 900
VRY
Teaser trans
0.866 V
sec voltage
a2 a2
Main trans
sec voltage
a1 a b1 b2
VYB 1
VMY
R Even though input voltage of
0.866 V VRY teaser is less than the input
voltage of main, output voltages
of both are same = teaser.
VBR

VBR b1 b2
V/2 V/2 Y
B M VYB
 Position of Neutral point N
The primary of the two transformers may have a four wire
connection to a three phase supply if a tapping point Neutral N is
provided on the primary of the teaser transformer such that
Voltage across RN  VRN  phase voltage  V 3  0.578V

R R
0.866 V VRY 0.866 V
0.578 V

N N

VBR
V/2 V/2 Y
B M VYB M
 Position of Neutral point N
Since the teaser voltage, equal to 0.866V is greater than
0.578V; the neutral point must be on the teaser primary.

The neutral point is, therefore, 0.866V – 0.578V= 0.288V

from M.

R R
0.866 V VRY 0.866 V
0.578 V

N N

VBR 0.288 V
V/2 V/2 Y
B M VYB M
 Position of Neutral point N
The voltage VRM =0.866V is divided into two parts;
VRN=0.578V and VMN=0.288V such that the ratio
VRN Number of turns in RN
 2
VNM Number of turns in NM
and the neutral point divides the teaser primary RM in the ratio
RN : NM = 2:1.
R R
0.866 V VRY 0.866 V
2 0.578 V 2
N N

VBR 1 0.288 V 1
V/2 V/2 Y
B M VYB M
Advantage
 The Scott connection has the advantage of
isolating the 3-phase and 2-phase systems
and providing any desired voltage ratio
between them.
 If desired, a three phase, two phase, or single
phase load may be supplied simultaneously.
 The neutral points can be available for
grounding or loading purposes.
Three-phase to 2-phase
Transformation
Example : A 2-phase, 7.5 kW ,
240 V, 50 Hz motor has an
efficiency of 0.83 and a power
factor of 0.80. It is to be fed from
a 600 V, 3-phase line using a
Scott-connected transformer
bank (See Figure 1).

Calculate
(a) The apparent power drawn by
the motor
(b) The current in each 2-phase
line
(c) The current in each 3-phase
line
Three-phase to 2-phase
Transformation
Three-phase to 2-phase
Transformation
Three-phase to 2-phase
Transformation