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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. GENERAL ...................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.2 PURPOSE ................................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................................................................. 3
2. CODES AND STANDARDS ......................................................................................................................................... 3
3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS ...................................................................................................................................... 5
4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE ..................................................................................................................................... 6
5. SPECIFICATION DEVIATION/CONCESSION CONTROL .................................................................................. 6
6. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL ............................................................................................ 6
7. DOCUMENTATION..................................................................................................................................................... 7
8. SUBCONTRACTORS/SUBVENDORS....................................................................................................................... 7
9. HANDLING ................................................................................................................................................................... 7
9.1 PACKAGING AND SHIPPING ........................................................................................................................................ 7
9.2 PRESERVATION ......................................................................................................................................................... 7
10. MATERIALS ............................................................................................................................................................. 8
10.1 GENERAL .............................................................................................................................................................. 8
10.2 MATERIALS FOR SANITARY SEWER SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................ 8
10.3 MATERIALS FOR STORM SEWER SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................. 9
10.4 MATERIALS FOR CULVERTS................................................................................................................................... 9
10.5 APPURTENANCES .................................................................................................................................................. 9
11. INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 11
11.1 EXCAVATION, BEDDING, BACKFILLING, AND COMPACTION.................................................................................. 11
11.2 PIPE LAYING........................................................................................................................................................ 11
11.3 PIPE CULVERTS ................................................................................................................................................... 11
11.4 BOX CULVERTS ................................................................................................................................................... 11
11.5 MANHOLES, INLETS AND CATCH BASINS ............................................................................................................. 11
11.6 CONCRETE CRADLES ........................................................................................................................................... 12
12. INSPECTION AND TESTING............................................................................................................................... 12
12.1 GENERAL PIPING SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................................. 12
12.2 CLEANING - PIPING SYSTEMS ............................................................................................................................... 12
12.3 ALIGNMENT TEST - PIPING SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................... 12
12.4 LEAK TEST FOR SEWER SYSTEMS ........................................................................................................................ 13

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1. GENERAL

1.1 Introduction
This specification covers the minimum requirements of the Sanitary Sewer Systems, Storm Sewer
Systems and Culverts.

1.2 Purpose
This specification prescribes the requirements for the materials and installation of underground
sewer and drainage pipes, with the necessary fittings, manholes, inlets, catch basins, headwalls,
cleanouts, sumps, traps, paved ditches, and appurtenances as shown on the contract drawings and
specified herein.

1.3 Definitions
Where used in this specification, the following terms shall have the meanings indicated below
unless otherwise clearly indicated by context of their use.
COMPANY: ABU DHABI GAS INDUSTRIES LTD. (GASCO).
CONCESSION REQUEST: A deviation requested by the CONTRACTOR or VENDOR, usually after
receiving the contract documents or purchase order. Often, it refers to an authorization to use,
repair, recondition, reclaim, or release materials, components or equipment already in progress or
completely manufactured but which does not meet or comply with the COMPANY requirements. A
CONCESSION REQUEST is subject to COMPANY approval.
PROJECT: To be defined.
CONTRACTOR: the party(s) which carries out all or part of the design, engineering, procurement,
construction, commissioning or management of the PROJECT.
MANUFACTURER/VENDOR/SUPPLIER: The party(s) which manufactures and/or supplies the
material/equipment, and provides technical documents/drawings and services to perform the duties
specified by COMPANY/CONTRACTOR.
SUBCONTRACTOR/SUBVENDOR: The party(s) which carries out all or part of the design,
procurement, installation and testing of the System(s) as specified by the
CONTRACTOR/VENDOR.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM (PMT): The COMPANY authorized party responsible for the
overall day-to-day execution of the Project. The PMT is to serve as the liaison between the
COMPANY and the CONTRACTOR(S) on the PROJECT.
SHALL: Indicates a mandatory requirement
SHOULD: Indicates that the requirement is strongly recommended to be adhered to
DRAWINGS: Drawings provided by the CONTRACTOR.

2. CODES AND STANDARDS

The following codes and standards, to the extent specified herein, form a part of this specification.
When an edition date is not indicated for a Code or Standard, the latest edition in force at time of
contract award shall apply.
Where there are conflicts between the requirements of different Specifications, Codes and
Standards the most stringent criteria shall apply.

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AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS (ASTM)

ASTM A 48 / A48 M Standard Specification For Gray Iron Castings
ASTM A 74 Standard Specification For Cast Iron Soil Pipe and Fittings
ASTM A 746 Standard Specification For Ductile Iron Gravity Sewer Pipe
ASTM C 150 Standard Specification For Portland Cement
ASTM C 206 Standard Specification For Finishing Hydrated Lime
ASTM C 478/C 478M Standard Specification For Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole
Sections
ASTM C 564 Standard Specification For Rubber Gasket For Cast Iron Soil Pipe And
Fittings
ASTM D 1248 Standard Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion Materials For
Wire and Cable
ASTM D 1505 Standard Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient
Technique
ASTM D 1693 Standard Test Method For Environmental Stress-Cracking Of Ethylene
Plastics
ASTM D 1784 Standard Specification for Rigid Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds
and Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
ASTM D 2241 Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure-Rated
Pipe (SDR Series)
ASTM D 3034 Standard Specification for Type PSM Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Sewer
Pipe and Fittings
ASTM D 412 Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic
Elastomers-Tension
ASTM D 638 Standard Test Method For Tensile Properties Of Plastics
ASTM D 3262 Standard Specification for "Fiberglass" (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin) Sewer Pipe
ASTM D 3754 Standard Specification for "Fiberglass" (Glass-Fiber-Reinforced
Thermosetting Resin) Sewer and Industrial Pressure Pipe
ASTM D 5421 Standard Specification for Contact Molded "Fiberglass" (Glass-Fiber-
Reinforced Thermosetting Resin) Flanges

AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION (AWWA)

AWWA C900 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pressure Pipe and Fabricated Fittings, 4 inch -
12 inch. (100 mm-300 mm), for Water Transmission and Distribution

BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTE (BSI)

BS EN 124 Gully tops and manhole tops for vehicular and pedestrian areas. Design
requirements, type testing, marking, quality control
BS EN 1452-1 Plastics piping systems for water supply. Unplasticized poly (vinyl
chloride) (PVC-U). General

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BS EN 1452-2 Plastics piping systems for water supply. Unplasticized poly (vinyl
chloride) (PVC-U). Pipes
BS EN 1452-3 Plastics piping systems for water supply. Unplasticized poly (vinyl
chloride) (PVC-U). Fittings
BS EN 1452-4 Plastics piping systems for water supply. Unplasticized poly (vinyl
chloride) (PVC-U). Valves and ancillary equipment
BS EN 1452-5 Plastics piping systems for water supply. Unplasticized poly (vinyl
chloride) (PVC-U). Fitness for purpose of the system

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (ISO)

ISO 9001 Quality Management Systems – Requirements
ISO 9004 Managing for the sustained success of an organization - A quality
management approach

3. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
The following reference documents, to the extent specified herein, form a part of this specification.
When an edition date is not indicated for a document, the latest edition in force at the time of
contract award shall apply.

Design General Specifications:

DGS 1470-009 Requirements for Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Pipes & Fittings
DGS 1300-175 Galvanizing
DGS 1482-001 Drainage Design Basis
DGS 1486-001 Earthworks
DGS 1486-002 Excavation And Backfill For Underground Installations
DGS 1782-001 Civil Design Basis
DGS 1783-001 Concrete Supply
DGS 1783-002 Concrete Construction
DGS 1783-003 On-Site Testing Laboratory
DGS 1783-004 Grouting
DGS 1783-005 Paving Materials And Construction
DGS 1882-001 Structural Design Basis
DGS 1883-001 Structural Steel Fabrication
DGS 6600-010 Painting
DGS 6710-001 Preservation And Export Packing

Standard Drawings:
STD-1481-001-001 Culvert details for unlined ditch
STD-1481-001-002 Head wall details

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STD-1481-001-003 Details of ditches and swales

STD-1481-001-005 Drainage ditch and road crossings – Fire traps types A & B
STD-1481-001-007 Sanitary sewer and storm water manhole and catch basin details
STD-1481-001-010 Vents for Manholes

Geotechnical Investigation Report: To be as per Project Requirement.

4. DOCUMENT PRECEDENCE
It shall be the CONTRACTOR‘S responsibility to be, or to become, knowledgeable of the
requirements of the referenced Codes and Standards.
The CONTRACTOR shall notify the COMPANY of any apparent conflict between this specification,
the related data sheets, the Codes and Standards and any other specifications noted herein.
Resolution and/or interpretation shall be obtained from the COMPANY in writing before proceeding
with the design/manufacture.
In case of conflict, the order of precedence shall be:
 Purchase Order or Contract including Project Drawings and Specifications
 Design General Specifications
 Industry Codes and Standards

5. SPECIFICATION DEVIATION/CONCESSION CONTROL

Deviations from this specification are only acceptable where the CONTRACTOR has listed in his
quotation the requirements he cannot, nor does not wish to comply with, and the COMPANY has
accepted in writing the deviations before the order is placed.
In the absence of a list of deviations, it will be assumed that the CONTRACTOR complies fully with
this specification.
Any technical deviations to the Purchase Order and its attachments including, but not limited to the
Design General Specifications, shall be sought by the CONTRACTOR only through CONCESSION
REQUEST format. CONCESSION REQUESTS require the PMT's review and approval, prior to the
proposed technical changes being implemented. Technical changes implemented prior to PMT
approval are subject to rejection.

6. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND QUALITY CONTROL

CONTRACTOR‘s Quality Management Systems shall comply with all the requirements of ISO 9001
―Quality Management Systems – Requirements‖ and ISO 9004 ―Managing for the sustained
success of an organization — A quality management approach‖.
The CONTRACTOR shall ensure that the MANUFACTURER/VENDOR shall have in effect at all
times, a QA program, which clearly establishes the authority and responsibilities of those
responsible for the quality system. Persons performing quality functions shall have sufficient and
well-defined authority to enforce quality requirements that they initiate or identify and to recommend
and provide solutions for quality problems and thereafter verify the effectiveness of the corrective
action.

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Quality System and Quality Control requirements shall be identified and included in the
CONTRACTOR‘s Purchase documentation. Based on these requirements, the
MANUFACTURER/VENDOR will develop a QA/QC program, which shall be submitted to the
CONTRACTOR for review and concurrence. The MANUFACTURER/VENDOR‘s QA/QC program
shall extend to SUBVENDORs.
COMPANY/CONTRACTOR reserves the right to inspect materials and workmanship standards at
all stages of manufacture and to witness any or all tests. The MANUFACTURER/VENDOR, 30 days
after award but prior to the pre-inspection meeting, shall provide the CONTRACTOR with a copy of
its Manufacturing and Inspection Plan for review and inclusion of any mandatory
COMPANY/CONTRACTOR witness or hold points.

7. DOCUMENTATION
MANUFACTURER‘s certifications shall be submitted to COMPANY for pipe, joint materials, and
accessories, showing compliance with this specification prior to installation.
All the test results or documents required by this specification shall be submitted to COMPANY prior
to backfilling and within three days of testing.
The CONTRACTOR shall submit an ―Affidavit of Compliance‖ before beginning construction. The
affidavit shall confirm that all materials meet the requirements of this Specification.

8. SUBCONTRACTORS/SUBVENDORS
The CONTRACTOR shall assume unit responsibility and overall guarantee for the works.
It is the CONTRACTOR‘S responsibility to enforce all Purchase Order and Design General
Specification requirements on its SUBCONTRACTORS /VENDORS.
The CONTRACTOR shall submit all relevant SUBCONTRACTORS / VENDORS
engineering/design data to the COMPANY.
The CONTRACTOR shall obtain and transmit all SUBCONTRACTORS / VENDORS warranties to
the COMPANY.

9. HANDLING

9.1 Packaging and shipping

Preparation of shipment shall be in accordance with DGS 6710-001 ―Preservation and Export
Packing‖ and as noted herein.
CONTRACTOR shall be solely responsible for the adequacy of the preparation for shipment
provisions with respect to materials and application.
Preparation for shipment and packing will be subject to inspection and rejection by COMPANY‘s
inspectors. All costs occasioned by such rejection shall be to the account of the CONTRACTOR.
One complete set of the installation, operation, and maintenance instructions shall be packed in the
shipment.

9.2 Preservation
Piping materials shall be protected to withstand ocean transit and extended period of storage at the
jobsite. Materials shall be protected to safeguard against all adverse environments, such as:
humidity, moisture, rain, dust, dirt, sand, mud, salt air, salt spray and seawater.

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10. MATERIALS

10.1 General
The prescribed sizes of pipes are nominal inside diameters. Pipes shall be of the size and length
shown on the contract drawings. Materials called for on the contract drawings shall conform to the
specifications stated below.
All materials used in the supply shall conform to the current edition of the appropriate standard
specification. Certificates of compliance shall be provided.
Products manufactured to the equivalent standard of their European country of origin or to ASTM
standards require the approval of the COMPANY.
Materials shall be stored in such a manner as to preserve their quality and condition to the
standards required by the specification.
Materials and components shall be handled in such a manner as to avoid any damage or
contamination.

10.2 Materials for sanitary sewer systems

10.2.1 Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP)

10.2.1.1 Ductile Iron Pipe (DIP) shall conform to requirements of ASTM A 746, and fittings shall be cast iron
conforming to ASTM A 74.
Joint material for DIP shall be rubber gasket conforming to ASTM C 564 for compression joints.
Ductile Iron Pipe shall be Polybond lined for sewage services and the material shall comply with
ASTM D 1248.

10.2.2 Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC)

10.2.2.1 Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) pipe of 15 inch diameter or less, fittings, couplings, and joints shall be in
conformance with the size, material and performance requirements of ASTM D 3034, and ASTM D
2241 SDR 35 and have gasketed joints.
All pipe shall have a home mark on the spigot end to indicate proper penetration when the joint is
made. The socket and spigot configurations for the fittings and couplings shall be compatible to
those for the pipe.
Gaskets shall be manufactured from a synthetic elastomer, be extruded and cured in such a
manner as to be dense, homogeneous and of smooth surface. Splices shall show no separation
when subjected to Elongation and Tensile Test in accordance to ASTM D 412.

10.2.2.2 Forced sewer mains (300mm diameter or smaller) shall be PVC pipe meeting AWWA C900 Class
150 pipe standards. The pipe shall have gasket bell and / or plain end with elastomeric gasket
coupling.
Material used to produce the pipe and couplings shall be made from Class 12454 A or B virgin
compounds as defined in ASTM D 1784.

10.2.3 Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC-U)

The material shall comply with BS EN 1452 (Parts 1 & 2), specification for unplasticized polyvinyl
chloride (PVC-U) pressure pipes for cold potable water.

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Joints and fittings for use with unplasticized PVC pressure pipes shall be in accordance with BS EN
1452 (Parts 1 to 5).

Material:

Service Material Standard Joints

Pumped Sanitary PVC-U BS EN 1452 (Parts 1 Bell and spigot with solvent
sewer system to 5) welded joints

10.3 Materials for storm sewer systems

10.3.1 Glass-Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Pipe (GRE)

Glass-Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Pipe (GRE) materials and design shall conform to DGS 1470-009
―Requirements for Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Pipes & Fittings‖.

10.4 Materials for culverts

10.4.1 Glass-Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Pipe (GRE)

Glass-Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Pipe (GRE) materials and design shall conform to DGS 1470-009
―Requirements for Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Pipes & Fittings‖.

10.4.2 Reinforced Concrete Box (RCB)

The size of RCB shall be shown on the contract drawings. The concrete material and reinforcement
shall be in accordance with DGS 1783-002 ―Concrete Construction‖ and DGS 1783-001 ―Concrete
Supply‖. Protective coatings shall be in accordance with DGS 1783-002 ―Concrete Construction‖.

10.5 Appurtenances

10.5.1 Precast Concrete Manholes, Inlets and Catch Basins

a. Precast concrete manholes, inlets and catch basins shall conform to ASTM C478/C478M, and
shall be constructed as shown on the contract drawings.
b. Manholes for various pipe sizes shall be as shown on the contract drawings.
c. Precast concrete base shall be as shown on the contract drawings.
d. The concrete material, water and reinforcement shall be in accordance with DGS 1783-002
―Concrete Construction‖ and DGS 1783-001 ―Concrete Supply‖.
e. Waterproofing materials as specified in DGS 1783-002 ―Concrete Construction‖ shall be applied
to all external concrete surfaces (two coats application). Coating to the internal concrete
surfaces shall be acrylic reinforced cementitious flexible waterproofing coating such as
Masterseal 550 or equivalent. In addition, Dry-Pac materials shall be applied to the interior side
of precast joints and Patch ‗n Plug shall be applied to the exterior side of precast joints in
accordance with the MANUFACTURER‘S instructions.
f. Waterstops shall be provided between floor slab and walls.

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10.5.2 Manhole, Inlet and Catch Basin Accessories

a. Gratings: The CONTRACTOR shall supply and install the grating for drainage systems as
shown on the contract drawings and in accordance with DGS 1882-001 ―Structural Design
Basis‖, and DGS 1883-001 ―Structural Steel Fabrication‖. All grating shall be hot dipped
galvanized as per DGS 1300-175 ―Galvanizing‖.
b. Manhole Steps, Frames and Covers
Material: Manhole steps, frames and covers shall be gray iron castings in accordance with
ASTM A 48/A 48M, Class 35.
The manhole cover and frame shall be heavy duty D400, medium duty C250 or light duty B125
in accordance with BS EN 124, as shown on the contract drawings and on the COMPANY‘s
standard drawing STD-1481-001-007 ―Sanitary Sewer & Storm Water Manhole & Catchbasin
Details‖. The grating for drainage system shall be heavy duty D400 in accordance with BS EN
124.
Manufacture: Manhole steps, frames and covers shall be true to pattern in form and dimension
and free from defects that would affect the service value. Minor defects may be repaired with
the approval of COMPANY. Castings which have been repaired without permission of
COMPANY may be rejected. Castings that show injurious defects revealed by X-ray or
machining operations will be rejected. The casting shall be filleted boldly at angles and the
arises shall be sharp and true.
Testing: The MANUFACTURER shall perform testing in accordance with ASTM A 48/A 48M.
The CONTRACTOR shall notify COMPANY of the time a melt is to be poured to permit
identification of both coupons and castings.
The MANUFACTURER shall provide and machine test specimens to the dimensions specified
for Specimen B of ASTM A 48/A 48M at the CONTRACTOR‘s expense.
Before the castings are removed from the foundry, they shall be thoroughly cleaned and the
parting lines, grates and risers ground flush. Frames and covers shall be match marked in pairs
before delivery to the job site. The bearing surface of the frames and covers shall be machined
and the cover shall seat firmly into the form without rocking.
Painting: The CONTRACTOR shall paint or dip the frames and covers in accordance with the
requirements of DGS 6600-010 ―Painting‖.

10.5.3 Cast-In-Place Concrete

Cast-in-place concrete including protective coatings for drainage structures shall be as indicated on
the drawings and shall be in conformance with DGS 1783-002 ―Concrete Construction‖ and DGS
1783-001 ―Concrete Supply‖.
Water stops shall be provided between floor slab and walls.

10.5.4 Paving Inserts

Materials for paving inserts shall be cement-based non-shrink grout in accordance with DGS 1783-
004 ―Grouting‖.

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11. INSTALLATION

11.1 Excavation, bedding, backfilling, and compaction

Unless otherwise specified or indicated on the contract drawings, trench excavation, pipe bedding,
trench backfilling and compaction shall be accomplished in accordance with DGS 1486-002
―Excavation and Backfill for Underground Installations‖.

11.2 Pipe laying

11.2.1 The pipe shall be laid and maintained to the required line and grade with the necessary fittings,
bends, manhole risers and other appurtenances placed at the required locations. Installation shall
commence at the lowest point for each segment of the route. Pipes shall be laid on a minimum
bedding depth of 150mm in accordance with DGS 1486-002 ―Excavation and Backfill for
Underground Installation‖.

11.2.2 The pipe shall be inspected for defects and cracks before being carefully lowered into the trench,
piece by piece. Any defective, damaged or unsound pipe or any pipe that has its grade disturbed
after laying shall be taken up and replaced. Open ends shall be protected with a stopper to prevent
earth or other materials from entering the pipe during construction. The interior of the pipe shall be
free from dirt, excess water and other foreign material as the pipe laying progresses, and up to the
completion of the installation.

11.2.3 Joints

11.2.3.1 Joints shall be constructed as described herein, with the intent that they be made watertight.
Inspection and testing procedures are described under Section 12.0.

11.2.3.2 Joints for PVC Pipe shall be joined in accordance with the MANUFACTURER‘s recommendations.

11.2.3.4 Joints for GRE Pipe shall be joined in accordance with the MANUFACTURER‘s recommendations.

11.3 Pipe culverts

The type and class of pipes shall be as stated in 10.4 above; the sizes of pipes used shall be as
shown on the contract drawings or as indicated herein. All inlet/outlet and junction/transition
structures shall be constructed to the required line and grade as shown on the contract drawings.

11.4 Box culverts

Box culverts of reinforced concrete shall be constructed as indicated on the contract drawings.
Bases, walls and roofs shall be smooth, plumb and true. Design of the culvert shall be in
accordance with DGS 1882-001 ―Structural Design Basis‖ and supporting structural calculations
shall be submitted for COMPANY review/approval prior commencement of the work.

11.5 Manholes, inlets and catch basins

11.5.1 Precast Sections

a. Precast sections with precast bases shall be installed in accordance with ASTM C478/C478M,
where applicable, and as shown on the contract drawings.
b. Pipe openings shall be aligned to that of the pipe entering and leaving the manhole. Pipe shall
be properly aligned with connections to manholes, inlets or catch basins as shown on the
contract drawings. Where connections are not shown on contract drawings, pipe shall
terminate flush with the inside of the structure wall.

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c. Waterproofing materials for internal & external concrete surfaces shall be applied in accordance
with the relevant specifications and standard drawings, and in strict conformance with the
MANUFACTURER‗s instructions. Precast sections shall be coated prior to invert placement.

11.5.2 Cast-In Place Sections

Cast-in-place sections shall be installed as shown on the contract drawings and in accordance with
DGS 1783-002 ―Concrete Construction‖ and DGS 1783-001 ―Concrete Supply‖.

11.5.3 Frames and Covers

a. Frames and covers shall be set to the proper elevation. The frames shall be firmly embedded in
mortar approximately 25 mm thick and aligned to fit the top section of the structure.
b. Adjustment rings used to make adjustments in grade shall be made with the initial ring
embedded in mortar and the exterior of the rings parged with mortar not less than 13 mm thick.
No adjustment made in this manner shall exceed 300 mm.

11.6 Concrete cradles

Concrete cradles shall be constructed as shown on the contract drawings and as needed when
crossing over or under other sewer pipe or utility lines.

12. INSPECTION AND TESTING

12.1 General piping systems

Drainage systems, upon completion or at such time as directed, shall be cleaned, inspected and
tested. The system shall have a true grade and line. Actual elevations shall be within 25 mm of the
elevations given on the contract drawings. Departure from and return to established grade and
alignment shall not exceed 10 mm per meter.

12.2 Cleaning - piping systems

The CONTRACTOR shall furnish an inflatable rubber ball of the size that will inflate to fit snugly into
the pipe to be cleaned and tested. The ball may, at the option of the COMPANY, be used without a
tag line, or a rope or cord may be fastened to the ball to enable the CONTRACTOR to know and
control its position at all times. The ball shall be placed in the highest cleanout or manhole on the
pipe to be cleaned, and water shall be introduced behind it. The ball shall pass through the pipe with
only the pressure of the water impelling it. All debris flushed out ahead of the ball shall be removed
at the first manhole where its presence is noted. In the event of cemented or wedged debris or a
damaged pipe shall stop the ball, the CONTRACTOR shall remove the obstruction and repair the
damaged pipe at no cost to the COMPANY.
Alternatively for diameter equal and above 600 mm, CCTV inspection to ensure proper installation
and internal cleanliness can be used.

12.3 Alignment test - piping systems

After backfill has been placed and compacted to a depth not less than 300 mm above top of pipe
and the pipe has been filled with water to a head of not less than 1.5 m above the maximum head
which the pipe will normally sustain or to the top of the sump, whichever is lower, and emptied
again, the contractor shall make a visual inspection by flashing a light between manholes. Any
displacement or misalignment of invert shall be corrected.

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12.4 Leak test for sewer systems

The bedding and back fill shall be sufficiently applied to support the pipe. The joints shall be left
exposed until the completion and acceptance of the test by the COMPANY.
The section of pipe to be tested, manhole to manhole, shall be sealed.
The pipe shall be filled with water to a head of not less than 1.5 m above the maximum head which
the pipe will normally sustain or to the top of the sump, whichever is lower.
After topping up and allowing for water absorption by the pipes and joints, the head shall be held for
24 hours to the satisfaction of the COMPANY.
Leakage shall not be permitted in any circumstances. CONTRACTOR shall demonstrate that all
underground sewer system is watertight.

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