10 VI June 2022

https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43752
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

Block Chain Based Data Storage with Privacy and

Authentication
Navaneetha Krishnan M1, Vishnu A2
1 2
Assitant Professor, Student, Department of MCA, Karpagam College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nādu ,India

Abstract— The project is entitled Block Chain Based Data Storage's privacy and ensures that blockchain-based framework
integrated with authentication and privacy schemes are enhanced by secure connections to wireless nerve networks. In this set
of program programs transmit the information collected to BS. As a result, BS records all key parameters in a distributed
blockchain and large data is transferred to the cloud for storage. Damaged certificates for all malicious nodes are removed
from the blockchain by Base Station. Although, the performance of WSNs are specific requests in terms of area of interest and
method of delivery, but the purpose is to maintain the monitoring, hearing, dissemination and processing of the information
collected. However, the amount of information is huge at an extraordinary rate. When an enemy attacks a network and
deliberately threatens nodes, network security becomes a threat. Therefore, it is necessary for WSNs to isolate and remove
malicious nodes from a network before it can be active. Adjusted outcomes, comparative analysis and security assurance
support the height of the proposed solution than existing methods.
Index Terms- wireless sensor, WSN, network security

I. INTRODUCTION
In modern times, Internet of Things (IoTs) is one of the most popular, useful and dominant technologies for wireless
communication and information processing. IoTs are the building of ‘objects’ that are fragile, understandable, manageable, and
that can be accessed with the help of the internet. In today's world, virtually every object on the IoT can be connected to the
Internet because of its ability to communicate with a computer, which is why even the most efficient and convenient applications
can be made. Several node sensors are used for monitoring, hearing and automation purposes on IoT. The collection of these nodes
is commonly known as Wireless Networks (WSNs) and forms an integral part of the IoT as these technologies can detect and
monitor any objects / activities that are visible in a particular area. The above-mentioned sensors, also known as 'motes', are cheap,
small and internally connected and are distributed in certain areas. These sensors node integrate many aspects of hearing,
computer and communication using wireless medium and therefore in WSNs, material is monitored and heard in real time.
Although, the performance of WSNs are specific requests in terms of area of interest and method of delivery, but the purpose is to
maintain the monitoring, hearing, dissemination and processing of the information collected. However, the amount of information
is huge at an extraordinary rate too, which needs to be addressed in the current world of technology. As is well known, WSNs are
used in a variety of programs such as military, industry, smart home, health care, surveillance, housing monitoring and agriculture
to name a few. Sensors node, the core of WSN, has limited resources such as power, integration power, storage, and network
bandwidth. Therefore, as the demand for WSNs grows exponentially in IoT, more challenges are encountered in order to make
better use of it. In addition, security is another important factor in WSN-enabled IoT. When an enemy attacks a network and
deliberately threatens nodes, network security becomes a threat. Therefore, it is necessary for WSNs to isolate and remove
malicious nodes from the network before they can be actively active with IoT infrastructure.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Aldowah, H.; Rehman, S.U.; Umar, I. Security in Internet of Things: Issues, Challenges and Solutions. In International
Conference of Reliable Information and Communication Technology; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2018. In the recent past,
Internet of Things (IoT) has been a focus of research. With the great potential of IoT, there come many types of issues and
challenges. Security is one of the main issues for IoT technologies, applications, and platforms. In order to cover this key aspect
of IoT, this paper reviews the research progress of IoT, and found that several security issues and challenges need to be
considered and briefly outlines them. Efficient and functional security for IoT is required to ensure data anonymity,
confidentiality, integrity, authentication, access control, and ability to identify, as well as heterogeneity, scalability, and
availability must be taken into the consideration. Considering these facts, by reviewing some of the latest researches in the IoT
domain, new IoT solutions from technical, academic, and industry sides are provided and discussed. Based on the findings of
this study, desirable IoT solutions need to be designed and deployed, which can guarantee: anonymity, confidentiality, and
integrity in heterogeneous environments.
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

Ourad, A.Z.; Belgacem, B.; Salah, K. Using blockchain for IOT access control and authentication management. In International
Conference on Internet of Things 2018 June; Springer: Cham, Switzerland, 2018. Securing Access to IOT devices is a
challenging task as IoT devices are resource-constrained devices in terms of processing, storage, and networking capacity.
Because of their fast spreading and deployment, significant disadvantages are seen in today’s authentication and access control
schemes. This paper proposes a blockchain-based solution which allows for authentication and secure communication to IOT
devices. Our solution benefits greatly from the intrinsic features of blockchain and also builds on existing authentication
schemes. Specifically, our proposed blockchain-based solution, architecture, and design allow for accountability, integrity, and
traceability with tamper-proof logs. The paper provides overall system design and architecture, and details on testing and
implementation of a realistic scenario as a proof of concept.
Xu, R.; Chen, Y.; Blasch, E.; Chen, G. Blendcac: A blockchain-enabled decentralized capability-based access control for iots. In
Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and
Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData),
Halifax, NS, Canada, 30 July–3 August 2018. The prevalence of Internet of Things (IoTs) allows heterogeneous embedded
smart devices to collaboratively provide smart services with or without human intervention. While leveraging the large-scale
IoT-based applications like Smart Gird or Smart Cities, IoTs also incur more concerns on privacy and security. Among the top
security challenges that IoTs face, access authorization is critical in resource sharing and information protection. One of the
weaknesses in today’s access control (AC) is the centralized authorization server, which can be the performance bottleneck or
the single point of failure. In this paper, BlendCAC, a blockchain-enabled decentralized capability-based AC is proposed for the
security of IoTs. The BlendCAC aims at an effective access control processes to devices, services and information in large scale
IoT systems. Based on the blockchain network, a capability delegation mechanism is suggested for access permission
propagation. A robust identitybased capability token management strategy is proposed, which takes advantage of smart contract
for registering, propagation and revocation of the access authorization. In the proposed BlendCAC scheme, IoT devices are their
own master to control their resources instead of being supervised by a centralized authority. Implemented and tested on a
Raspberry Pi device and on a local private blockchain network, our experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the
proposed BlendCAC approach to offer a decentralized, scalable, lightweight and fine-grained AC solution to IoT systems.
M. Wang and Q. Zhang, “Optimized data storage algorithm of IoT based on cloud computing in distributed system,” Computer
Communications, vol. 157, pp. 124–131, 2020. In addition to an in-depth review of these threats, we also summarize the
corresponding defense strategies. In addition, we discuss future research guidelines on new safety threats, especially those
related to in-depth learning based on self-driving vehicles. By providing safety guidelines in this early phase, we aim to promote
new strategies and projects related to AVs from both academic and industry, and promote the development of safe driving.
Protecting Shared Learning: Reducing Toxic Attacks through Client Acquisition, L. Zhao et al., "Protecting collaborative
learning: Reducing toxic attack through client acquisition", IEEE Trans. Depend. Secure Comput., Apr. 2020. In this article, we
introduce a new defense system to get amazing updates on both IID and non-IID settings. Our main focus is to get the opposite
side of the client side, where each update is evaluated with the local data of other clients. The server will adjust the weights of the
updates based on the test results when performing the integration. In order to accommodate the unequal distribution of data in
non-IID settings, the flexible client allocation method is designed to assign the most appropriate clients the diagnostic functions.
During the acquisition process, we also protect client-level privacy to prevent malicious clients from being able to participate in
other clients, by combining different privacy with our design without compromising adoption performance. Our experimental
experiments on three real-world databases show that our system is extremely resilient to two toxic attacks.
M. Wang and Q. Zhang, “Optimized data storage algorithm of IoT based on cloud computing in distributed system,” Computer
Communications, vol. 157, pp. 124–131, 2020 The existing Internet of Things(IoT) uses cloud computing data access storage
algorithms, that is, the hash algorithm has defects of low data processing efficiency and low fault tolerance rate. Therefore, HDFS
is introduced to optimize cloud computing data access storage algorithms. HDFS is first used to optimize the data access storage
architecture according to problems of data access storage architecture in the Internet of Things, in which factors of data access
storage distribution in the IoT are fully considered, and hash values are used to optimize the configuration of data access
information storage locations, so that data access storage distribution strategy can be optimized. Then, the topology of the IoT is
optimized, and data block size is also optimized with effect algorithm. Finally, the design of file storage is optimized. Through
simulation experiments, it is proved that the optimized cloud storage method has obvious performance advantages in file read and
write speed as well as memory usage. Compared with the traditional hash algorithm, optimization algorithm proposed in the paper
greatly improves file upload and download efficiency, data processing efficiency and fault tolerance rate, which fully
demonstrates that the proposed cloud computing data access storage optimization algorithm is more superior.
C. Feng, M. Adnan, A. Ahmad, A. Ullah, and H. U. Khan, “Towards Energy-Efficient Framework for IoT Big Data Healthcare
Solutions,” Scientific Programming, vol. 2020, pp. 1–9, 2020. The aim of the Internet of things (IoT) is to bring every object
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

(wearable sensors, healthcare sensors, cameras, home appliances, smart phones, etc.) online. These different objects generate huge
data which consequently lead to the need of requirements of efficient storage and processing. Cloud computing is an emerging
technology to overcome this problem. However, there are some applications (healthcare) which need to process data in real time to
improve its performance and require low latency and delay. Fog computing is one of the promising solutions which facilitate
healthcare domain in terms of reducing the delay multihop data communication, distributing resource demands, and promoting
service flexibility. In this study, a fog-based IoT healthcare framework is proposed in order to minimize the energy consumption
of the fog nodes. Experimental results reveal that the performance of the proposed framework is efficient in terms of network
delay and energy usage. Furthermore, the authors discussed and suggested important services of big data infrastructure which
need to be present in fog devices for the analytics of healthcare big data.
III. EXISTING SYSTEM
In Existing System, One Session cannot fully utilize network capacity due to network root. The second difference is the definition
of throughput. In a multi-channel system, all sessions are subject to the same data, and only one block of data can be considered
valid while other packets are no longer active. Existing, data transmission is intentionally repeated or delayed by malicious or
fraudulent notes. A refusal attack represents a denial or objection and a location tracking attack may occur.
IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM
In the proposed system, a blockchain-based solution for privacy and cloud storage authentication, Base Station provides a
certificate for all sensodes nodes, a certificate key for all nodes stored in an immovable key and a large amount of sensitive
information stored in the cloud. The proposed system provides promising results in terms of delays and power consumption with
the appropriate combination of traffic and processing. The proposed scheme can prevent re-playing, denial attacks and
counterfeit attacks. It is necessary for each sensor to constantly transmit information about location, motion speed and
information collected. Detection privacy detection ensures that no one was able to disclose the actual data passing through the
wireless sensor network..

IPADDRESS

BROWSEFILE

DESTINATION
PATH

SOCKET
CONNECTION

FILERECEIVE
SOURCE WITHPACKETS DESTINATION

RECEIVING
STATUS

FILETRANSFER

FILERECEIVE

Figure 1: Proposed System

V. METHODOLOGY
Location description is the official description of a system, organized in a way that supports thinking about system structures. It
defines system components or building blocks and provides a system in which products can be purchased, as well as advanced
systems, that will work together to run the entire system.
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
Volume 10 Issue VI June 2022- Available at www.ijraset.com

Source Node

Select IP Address, File

Connect with Destination,

Send Data

Data Splits into Packets,

Sends various route

File Received on destination

Figure 2: Methodology

VI. TECHNOLOGY USED

A. C#.NET
Microsoft .NET is a set of Microsoft software technologies for rapidly building and integrating XML Web services, Microsoft
Windows-based applications, and Web solutions. The .NET Framework is a language-neutral platform for writing programs that
can easily and securely interoperate. There’s no language barrier with .NET: there are numerous languages available to the
developer including Managed C++, C#, Visual Basic and Java Script. The .NET framework provides the foundation for
components to interact seamlessly, whether locally or remotely on different platforms. It standardizes common data types and
communications protocols so that components created in different languages can easily interoperate. “.NET” is also the collective
name given to various software components built upon the .NET platform. These will be both products (Visual Studio.NET and
Windows.NET Server, for instance) and services (like Passport, .NET My Services, and so on).

B. The .Net Framework

The .NET Framework has two main parts:
The Common Language Runtime (CLR)
A hierarchical set of class libraries.

The CLR is described as the “execution engine” of .NET. It provides the environment within which programs run. The most
important features are
- Conversion from a low-level assembler-style language, called Intermediate Language (IL), into code native to the platform
being executed on.
- Memory management, notably including garbage collection.
- Checking and enforcing security restrictions on the running code.
- Loading and executing programs, with version control and other such features.
- The following features of the .NET framework are also worth description:
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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1) Managed Code: The code that targets .NET, and which contains certain extra Information - “metadata” - to describe itself.
Whilst both managed and unmanaged code can run in the runtime, only managed code contains the information that allows
the CLR to guarantee, for instance, safe execution and interoperability.

2) Managed Data: With Managed Code comes Managed Data. CLR provides memory allocation and Deal location facilities,
and garbage collection. Some .NET languages use Managed Data by default, such as C#, Visual Basic.NET and JScript.NET,
whereas others, namely C++, do not. Targeting CLR can, depending on the language you’re using, impose certain constraints
on the features available. As with managed and unmanaged code, one can have both managed and unmanaged data in .NET
applications - data that doesn’t get garbage collected but instead is looked after by unmanaged code.

3) Common Type System: The CLR uses something called the Common Type System (CTS) to strictly enforce type-safety. This
ensures that all classes are compatible with each other, by describing types in a common way. CTS define how types work
within the runtime, which enables types in one language to interoperate with types in another language, including
cross-language exception handling. As well as ensuring that types are only used in appropriate ways, the runtime also ensures
that code doesn’t attempt to access memory that hasn’t been allocated to it.

4) Common Language Specification: The CLR provides built-in support for language interoperability. To ensure that you can
develop managed code that can be fully used by developers using any programming language, a set of language features and
rules for using them called the Common Language Specification (CLS) has been defined. Components that follow these rules
and expose only CLS features are considered CLS-compliant.

5) The Class Library: .NET provides a single-rooted hierarchy of classes, containing over 7000 types. The root of the
namespace is called System; this contains basic types like Byte, Double, Boolean, and String, as well as Object. All objects
derive from System. Object. As well as objects, there are value types. Value types can be allocated on the stack, which can
provide useful flexibility. There are also efficient means of converting value types to object types if and when necessary.
The set of classes is pretty comprehensive, providing collections, file, screen, and network I/O, threading, and so on, as well
as XML and database connectivity. The class library is subdivided into a number of sets (or namespaces), each providing
distinct areas of functionality, with dependencies between the namespaces kept to a minimum.

6) Languages Supported By .Net:

- The multi-language capability of the .NET Framework and Visual Studio .NET enables developers to use their existing
programming skills to build all types of applications and XML Web services. The .NET framework supports new versions of
Microsoft’s old favorites Visual Basic and C++ (as VB.NET and Managed C++), but there are also a number of new additions
to the family.
- Visual Basic .NET has been updated to include many new and improved language features that make it a powerful
object-oriented programming language. These features include inheritance, interfaces, and overloading, among others. Visual
Basic also now supports structured exception handling, custom attributes and also supports multi-threading. Visual Basic
.NET is also CLS compliant, which means that any CLS-compliant language can use the classes, objects, and components
you create in Visual Basic .NET.
- Managed Extensions for C++ and attributed programming are just some of the enhancements made to the C++ language.
Managed Extensions simplify the task of migrating existing C++ applications to the new .NET Framework. C# is Microsoft’s
new language. It’s a C-style language that is essentially “C++ for Rapid Application Development”. Unlike other languages,
its specification is just the grammar of the language. It has no standard library of its own, and instead has been designed with
the intention of using the .NET libraries as its own.
- Microsoft Visual J# .NET provides the easiest transition for Java-language developers into the world of XML Web Services
and dramatically improves the interoperability of Java-language programs with existing software written in a variety of other
programming languages. Active State has created Visual Perl and Visual Python, which enable .NET-aware applications to be
built in either Perl or Python. Both products can be integrated into the Visual Studio .NET environment. Visual Perl includes
support for Active State’s Perl Dev Kit.
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ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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VII. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

A. Registration Phase
All node information such as speed, volume, and performance, residual power is registered to the server, to the base station and
shared to all other cluster heads available on the network. The Cluster Head maintains all of these parameters and also transmits
the parameters to the corresponding sensor nodes. After collecting key information in the cluster head sensor node, each common
sensor node stores the information in its memory and uses that information for additional verification purposes.

Figure 3: Select file and destination address

B. Packet Signing and Capture
At this stage, the signing and confirmation of the packages is done by the cluster head. The Base station needs to decide whether to
deliver the package to its destination at the current time. In that case, the base station needs to select a single sensor area (possibly
the source node itself) with a copy of the package at the beginning of the timelot, and set up a radio broadcast to transfer this packet
to its destination within the same timelot, using. possible multi-hop transfers. If this happens successfully, we say that the selected
sensor node successfully captured the packet location.

Figure 4: Splitting File

C. Duplication
With the p packet not delivered successfully, the base station needs to determine whether to duplicate the packet p to other nodes
that do not have a packet at the beginning of the timeline. The basic channel also needs to determine which nodes to be transferred
to and from, and how. All transmissions can be made to a wireless sensor network or to infrastructural mode.
 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
ISSN: 2321-9653; IC Value: 45.98; SJ Impact Factor: 7.538
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D. Packet Transmission
Since the p packet was not successfully delivered, the primary channel needs to determine whether to duplicate the packet p to
other nodes that do not have the packet at the beginning of the timeline. The primary channel also needs to determine which nodes
to transfer or return, and how. All transmissions can be made to a wireless sensor network or to infrastructural mode.

Figure 5: Block Management

Figure 6: Packets received from source

E. Preventing Packet Modification

Different types of packages in the proposed scheme are cluster head to cluster head packet, cluster head to BS packet, BS to BS
packet and key update packet. If the attacker wishes to change or modify packets, they need to get the key from the server, but it is
not possible to get such important information. Therefore, the proposed system provides protection against package attacks
Simulation or modification. All the sensor nodes are connected to the fake ID and each broadcast packet and skip confirming who
you are using the table.

Figure 7: Find converge cost delay

 International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET)
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VIII. CONCLUSION
A blockchain-based security verification system for data sharing and storage is successfully implemented on WSN. A large
amount of audible data is then shared with the clouds to maintain reliable and efficient data. Key parameters are also recorded in
emerging blockchain technology to improve the consistency and transparency of the acquired data. A blockchain-based
information storage system is used. Important information about all the sensor nodes is stored in the blockchain which is very
difficult to break the attacker. Sharing a large amount of information in cloud storage ensures the reliability and efficiency of the
proposed system.

IX. FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

In the future, we will strive to improve data management and framework resources for effective outcomes. We would like to point
out that, similar to the unicast case, our one-sided travel models reach greater capacity than the two-sided models under the
multi-channel traffic pattern. The advantage of low dimensional mobility is that it is simple and predictable, thus increasing the
level of communication between. Although nodes are limited in motion only horizontally or vertically, the range of motion in their
rotation lines is not limited. We plan to study the power enhancements that this hybrid dimensional model will bring in the future.

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