Department of Technical Education Diploma Course in Electrical and Electronics Engineering First Semester Subject: Elements of Electrical Engineering

Contact Hrs/Week : 04 Contact Hrs / Semester: 64

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Topic UNIT-I

Contact Hrs

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Introduction Electric current and Ohm's law Resistance and temperature effects Work Power and Energy Electrostatics Capacitors Secondary Cells and Batteries: Electrical Engineering Materials Tests and Revision Total

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Department of Technical Education Diploma Course in Electrical and Electronics Engineering First Semester Subject: Elements of Electrical Engineering Contact Hrs / Week : 04 Course Contents Contact Hrs / Semester: 64

1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

Introduction Concept of Electrical Energy. Sources of Electrical Energy. Importance and application of Electrical Energy. Advantages of Electrical Energy over other forms of Energy.

2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8

Electric current and Ohm's law Electrical Current Current flow in a circuit,EMF,Voltage Ohms law: applications and limitations Meaning of Electrical Circuits: Open circuit ,Closed circuit and Short circuits. Symbolic representation of sources, loads and basic protective devices. Resistance and temperature effects Electrical Resistance and its unit. Series, Parallel and Series-Parallel circuits. Laws of Resistance Specific Resistance and its unit. Effect of temperature on resistance and temperature co-efficient Simple problems

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4 4.1 4.2 4.3 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10

Work Power and Energy Definitions and units of Work, Power and Energy (both electrical and mechanical) Conversion from Mechanical units into Electrical units, Problems. Joules law of heat and problems on heating. Electrostatics Electric charge Laws of electrostatics Electric field Electrostatic induction Electric flux Electric field intensity Flux density Electric potential and potential difference Potential gradient Breakdown voltage and dielectric strength

6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 7.11 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7

Capacitors Capacitance Effects of dielectrics, dielectric constants, units. Types of Capacitors . Capacitors in series and parallel Energy stored in a capacitor Rise and decay of current in R-C circuitand time constant. Problems. Secondary Cells and Batteries: Faradays laws of Electrolysis. Difference between Cell and a Battery. Difference between Primary and Secondary Cells. Lead - Acid Battery- Construction, Chemical action during charging and discharging. Nickel-Iron battery - Construction, Chemical action during charging and discharging. Lithium-ion ,Ni-MH cell Grouping of cells. Problems on grouping of cells. Ampere-hour efficiency and watt hour efficiency. Maintenance of storage batteries Indication of a fully charged and discharged cell. Electrical Engineering Materials Different Conductor materials, properties and applications Different Resistor materials, properties and applications Different Insulating materials, properties and applications Different magnetic materials, properties and applications Structural materials used for transmission and distribution. Fluorescent and phosphorescent materials Refractory materials

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Tests and Revision Total REFERENCE BOOKS : 1. Electrical Technology B.L. Theraja. 2. Electrical Technology by Hughes 3. Principles of Electrical Engineering by B. R. Gupta

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Department of Technical Education Diploma Course in Electrical and Electronics Engineering First Semester Subject: Elements of Electrical Engineering Contact Hrs / Week : 04 Contact Hrs / Semester: 64

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General Educational Objectives: Understand the concept of Electrical energy and its importance. Understand electrical terms, definitions, and their units. Understand ohm's law &Understand the different types of Electrical circuits. Undestand properties , application of Conductor v& resistor materials Understand the law of resistance and effects of temperature on resistance. Understand the different types of Electrical circuits. Understand basic laws and their applications. Understand the concept of work, power and energy both mechanical and electrical and their relationship. Understand elecrostatic terms Understand the concept of Capacitor, Capacitance and Dielectric constants and their units Understand charging and discharging characteristics of a Capacitor. Understand construction and working of Secondary cells. Understand the maintenance of Secondary cells and grouping. Understand electrical materials and the properties,and applictions.

Specific Instructional Objectives: After the completion of the course the student must be able to : 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Introduction State the meaning of Electrical energy. List the sources of Electrical energy List the applications & Know the importance of Electrical energy. Identify the advantages of Electrical energy over other forms of energy. Explain the concept of Electricity and Electric current. 3

2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10

Electric current and Ohm's law Definition of Electric current with unit Know Difference between the Electron current flow and the Conventional current flow. Define EMF, Potential, Potential difference with unit. Differentiate between EMF and Potential difference. State Ohms law and explain. List the application and limitations of Ohms law. Solve problems on Ohms law. List the different effects of electric current with example. Explain the meaning of Open circuit, Closed circuit and Short circuit. Represent SI symbols for Emf, Load, fuse, switch, Ammeter, Voltmeter and Circuit elements.

3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 5

Resistance and temperature effects Define Electrical resistance with examples. Mention the factors on which the resistance of a conductor depends. Define specific resistance and its unit. Solve problems on resistance and specific resistance. Write the effect of temperature on resistance Define temperature co-efficient of resistance. Write the difference between Positive, Negative and Zero temperature co-efficient. Solve problems on Temperature co-efficients. Work Power and Energy Define the terms Work, Power and Energy and their units Convert mechanical unit of power into Electrical unit of power. Define gravitational force of earth and mention its units. State relationship between Kgf and Newton. Define efficiency and explain. Solve problems on work, power and energy. State and explain Joules law of heat. Define Mechanical equivalent of heat and water equivalent of container. Define and explain thermal efficiency. Solve problems on Joules law.

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Electrostatics 5.1 Define charge, 5.2 State electro static laws 5.3 Define electric field,electrostatic induction, electric flux, electric field intensity, Define electric flux density , electric potential & potential diffference, potential gradient 5.4 ,Breakdown voltage and dielectric strength 5.5 Define Breakdown voltage and dielectric strength

Capacitors 6.1 Define Capacitor, Capacitance and its units. 6.2 Derive and explain the relationship between voltage, current, charge and capacitance. 6.3 List the factors on which the Capacitance of a Capacitor depends. 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8

List the types of capacitors-air,paper,plastic film ,mica, ceramic and explain fixed and variable capacitors. Compute the total capacitance of series and parallel circuits. Deduce an equation for energy stored in a capacitor. Explain charging and discharging characteristics of a capacitor Solve problems on capacitors in series, parallel and series-parallel combination. Secondary Cells and Batteries: State the Faradays laws of electrolysis. Differentiate between Cell and a Battery. Differentiate between primary and secondary cells with examples. Explain the constructional details of Lead-acid batterry. Write chemical reactions during charging and discharging of a Lead-acid battery. Write the precautions to be taken while maintaining a Lead-acid battery. Explain the constructional details of Nickel-Iron cell. Construction of Lithium-ion &,Ni-MH cell List the applications of Lithium-ion and Ni_MH cells Write chemical reactions during charging and discharging of a Nickel-iron battery. Explain charging of batteries by : 1) Constant current method 2) Constant Voltage method 12

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Explain grouping of cells in series, parallel, series-parallel combination. Compute voltages and currents in grouping of cells. Solve problems on grouping of cells. Define and explain ampere-hour and watt-hour efficiency of a battery. Electrical Engineering Materials Explain the meaning of conductors with examples. Give the characteristics of conductors Copper, Aluminium, ACSR. List application of above conductors Explain the meaning of Resistor material with examples. List properties and applications of following Resistor materials:Manganin,constantan,eureka,nichrome,tungsten& carbon Explain the meaning of Insulator material with examples. Give the classification of Insulating Materilas with reference to the temperature List the general properties of Insulating Material Explain the meaning of magnetic materials with examples. Classify the Magnetic Material as: (a) Ferro (b) Para (c) Dia-Magnetic materials with examples Explain the Soft & Hard Magnetic materials with examples. List the structral material used for power transmission and distribution. List the general properties of structral Material List different Fluorescent and phosphorescent materials List the properties and applications of Fluorescent and phosphorescent materials Explain the meaning of refractory material with examples List the general properties of refractory material 14