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Lighting CIBSE Commissioning Code L

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Lighting CIBSE Commissioning Code L

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Lighting

CIBSE Commissioning Code L: 2003

The Society of
Light and Lighting
The rights of publication or translation are reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a

retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means
without the prior permission of the Institution.

© June 2003 The Chartered Institution of Building Services

Engineers London

Registered charity number 278104

ISBN 1 903287 32 4

This document is based on the best knowledge available at

the time of publication. However no responsibility of any
kind for any injury, death, loss, damage or delay however
caused resulting from the use of these recommendations can
be accepted by the Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers, The Society of Light and Lighting, the authors or
others involved in its publication. In adopting these
recommendations for use each adopter by doing so agrees
to accept full responsibility for any personal injury, death,
loss, damage or delay arising out of or in connection with
their use by or on behalf of such adopter irrespective of the
cause or reason therefore and agrees to defend, indemnify
and hold harmless the Chartered Institution of Building
Services Engineers, The Society of Light and Lighting, the
authors and others involved in their publication from any
and all liability arising out of or in connection with such use
as aforesaid and irrespective of any negligence on the part of
those indemnified.

Typeset by CIBSE Publications Department

Printed in Great Britain by Page Bros. (Norwich) Ltd.,

Norwich, Norfolk, NR6 6SA

Note from the publisher

This publication is primarily intended to provide guidance to those responsible for the
design, installation, commissioning, operation and maintenance of building services. It is
not intended to be exhaustive or definitive and it will be necessary for users of the guidance
given to exercise their own professional judgement when deciding whether to abide by or
depart from it.

Printed on 100% recycled paper comprising at least 80%

post-consumer waste
Post-occupancy checks 11

that lease documents support any contractual 8 Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002 SI
requirements for post-occupancy evaluation and ensure 2002 No. 2665 (London: The Stationery Office) (2002)
that the leaseholder is required to provide reasonable 9 BS 667: Specification for illuminance meters (London: British
access for their performance. Standards Institution) (1996)
10 Code for Lighting (London: Chartered Institution of Building
Post-handover checks can comprise a continuation of
Services Engineers/Society of Light and Lighting) (2002)
functional checking relating directly to the lighting
control system. Where a central control system is 11 Guide to ownership, operation and maintenance of building services
implemented, use should be made of its logging functions (London: Chartered Institution of Building Services
once it is confirmed that these are operating accurately. Engineers) (2000)
This feature along with the ability to display trend logs is 12 Building energy log books — A guide and standard template for
invaluable when performing operational checks. preparing log books for non-domestic buildings CIBSE TM31
(London: Chartered Institution of Building Services
Engineers) (2003)
13 The visual environment for display screen use CIBSE/SLL Lighting
References Guide 3 (London: Chartered Institution of Building Services
1 BS 7671: Requirements for electrical installations. IEE Wiring Engineers/Society of Light and Lighting) (1996 including
Regulations (London: British Standards Institution) (2002) addendum 2001 and declaration of conformity 2002).

2 BS 5266: Emergency lighting (London: British Standards 14 Lighting in the countryside, towards good practice
Institution) (seven parts) DETR/Countryside Commission (London: HMSO) (1997)

3 The Building Regulations 2000 Conservation of fuel and power 15 BS 5489 Road lighting (in the process of being replaced by BS
Approved Document L2: Conservation of fuel and power in EN 13201 but BS 5489 will be revised to form a UK application
buildings other than dwellings (London: The Stationary document)
Office) (2002)
16 Energy efficiency in lighting — an overview GIR 92 (London:
4 Declaration of conformity to the Building Regulations 2000: Action Energy) (2003)
Approved Document L1 Conservation of fuel and power in dwellings
and Approved Document L2: Conservation of fuel and power in
buildings other than dwellings (Telford: Lighting Association)
(2003), can be downloaded from www.lightingassociation.com Bibliography
5 Declaration of conformity to the Building Regulations 2000: Hospitals and health care buildings CIBSE Lighting Guide 2 (London:
Approved Document L1 Conservation of fuel and power in dwellings Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) (1989, addendum
and Approved Document L2: Conservation of fuel and power in 1999)
buildings other than dwellings (London: Lighting Industry
Federation) (2003), can be downloaded from www.lif.co.uk Lecture, teaching and conference rooms CIBSE Lighting Guide 5 (London:
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) (1991)
6 Automatic controls CIBSE Commissioning Code C (London:
Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers) (2001) The outdoor environment CIBSE Lighting Guide 6 (London: Chartered
Institution of Building Services Engineer) (1992)
7 Commissioning management CIBSE Commissioning Code M
(London: Chartered Institution of Building Services Museums and art galleries CIBSE Lighting Guide 8 (London: Chartered
Engineers) (2003) Institution of Building Services Engineers) (1994)
Post-occupancy checks 11

2 BS 5266: Emergency lighting (London: British Standards 14 Lighting in the countryside, towards good practice
Institution) (seven parts) DETR/Countryside Commission (London: HMSO) (1997)

L1 Commissioning project management 5

L1.1 Forming a commissioning management team 5
L1.2 Commissioning activities 5
L1.3 Commissioning method statements 5
L1.4 Commissioning plan or timetable 5

L2 Pre-commissioning (preliminary) checks 6

L2.1 General 6
L2.2 State of the system 6
L2.3 Pre-commissioning certificate 6

L3 Commissioning 7
L3.1 Interior lighting 7
L3.2 Emergency lighting 7
L3.3 Exterior lighting 7
L3.4 Lighting controls 7
L3.5 Relationship between lighting and shading 8
L3.6 Measurement of illuminance 8
L4 System handover 8
L4.1 Witnessing arrangements 8
L4.2 Commissioning documentation 9
L4.3 Operator training 10
L5 Post-occupancy checks 10
References and Bibliography 11
Appendix LA1: Hypothetical examples of lighting commissioning 12
Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems 14
Appendix LA3: Example commissioning method statement for lighting
system with automatic controls 19
Appendix LA4: Sample completion certificates 20
Appendix LA5: Safety issues 22
Appendix LA6: Notes concerning the design of lighting and
lighting control systems 23
Index 24
1

Lighting

L0 Introduction Building management system (BMS)

A BMS has at least one permanent operator workstation

L0.1 Scope (BMS supervisor) connected via a communications network
to a number of controllers which are often called
This Code advises on the stages required to commission ‘outstations’.
lighting systems and their associated control systems. The
Code represents standards of good practice, which are Building log book
presented in the form of recommendations and guidance
for the building services industry. A document detailing the state of the building services
systems within a building as defined by Building
The Code covers the commissioning of interior lighting Regulations Approved Document L2 (2002 edition).
systems. Although many of the ideas can be applied for
external lighting, the specific commissioning checks that Commissionable system
may be associated with road lighting, sports lighting,
exterior lighting of historic buildings and lighting in rural A system designed, installed and prepared to specified
areas are not covered. requirements in such a manner as to enable
commissioning to be carried out.
Compliance with the Code does not confer immunity from
relevant statutory and legal requirements. Commissioning

Lighting commissioning is the process of ensuring that a

L0.2 Purpose lighting scheme performs according to the design intent,
which should embrace the needs of the owner and occupants.
This Code is intended to be used as: It includes the setting-to-work of an installation, the
regulation of the system and the fine tuning of the system.
— A guide to good practice for the commissioning of
lighting and its associated control systems. Commissioning represents that aspect of the lighting
— A tool to assist the definition of commissioning installation process that requires the attendance of the
procedures. lighting designer to ensure that it meets the design intent.
It is assumed that the installation is permanent or semi-
— A basis for the preparation of commissioning permanent (six months or more).
specifications.
Commissioning completion certificate
It is not intended that contracts or specifications should
refer to the Code in its entirety, rather that direct A document signed off by the relevant parties as defined
reference may be made to appropriate sections of the Code by the contract to confirm that commissioning has been
when specifying requirements for lighting commissioning. completed to their satisfaction.
The Code may be used to guide clients (end users),
designers and commissioning engineers in deciding a Commissioning management
suitable form of contract/method statement for lighting
commissioning tasks. Appendix LA1 gives guidance on The planning, organisation, co-ordination and control of
which sections may be appropriate for different sizes and commissioning activities.
complexities of projects. The Code is equally applicable to
new-build and refurbishment or retro-fit applications. Commissioning manager (CM)

The firm or person appointed to manage the commissioning

L0.3 Definitions process.

Area control unit Commissioning method statement (CMS)

A control unit controlling a significant area of a building A document specifying the processes required to achieve
into which one or more local control units may be commissioning and those responsible for completing those
connected. processes.
2 Lighting

Commissioning plan or timetable Digital multiplex (DMX) system

e.g. DMX512 – asynchronous serial digital data transmission
A time schedule for the various works required to
standard protocol for controlling lighting equipment and
complete commissioning.
accessories. Although it was originally defined by the United
States Institute of Theater Technology (USITT), its technical
Commissioning specification definition is always being reviewed and updated by the
Entertainment Service and Technology Association (ESTA).
The document that prescribes the requirements with which
the various commissioning services have to comply. Note: Dimming
the specification should refer to drawings, schedules and Varying the light output/intensity of a luminaire.
relevant parts of the Code, manuals, guides and other ‘Dimming’ systems are generally those that are used in
standards. conference rooms etc. whereas ‘regulation’ or variable
output is used to describe the same control in offices.
Communications or signal bus
External light sensor
A communications network used to connect field control Light sensing device mounted externally to measure
devices such as outstations and unitary controllers. ambient lighting conditions.

Field control device

Configuration
A control device such as an outstation or unitary controller.
The process of linking basic pre-defined control functions
Fit-out
to provide a control strategy.
The process of altering the internal configuration of a
building to suit the user’s needs.
Controlled illuminance
Flexibility
The process of managing the output of luminaires by
using an internal light sensor to set a target illuminance. The ability of a lighting installation to adapt to changing
needs and/or layouts (one of the popularly promoted
benefits of lighting controls).
Control strategy
Gateway
A list of required control functions for areas of the
building. A device used to link two or more control systems which
have different communication protocols.

Correlated colour temperature (CCT) Group dependence

The temperature of a full radiator (black body) which Similar to ‘corridor link’ but used where the linked
emits radiation having a chromaticity nearest to that of lighting is required for comfort or environmental reasons.
the light source being considered, expressed in kelvins.
Handover
Corridor link The process of handing the building over from the
contractor to the client following practical completion.
Facility that relates office lighting to circulation lighting so
that exit routes are kept lit while any office lighting is on. Hard and soft points
Points in the system where hardware (hard) or software
Critical path analysis
(soft) can be checked during the commissioning process.
A method for defining the time-critical processes in a Hard-fired
project.
Term used to describe certain solid-state dimmer circuits.
Design criteria
HID lamp
For numerical information, the specified numerical Abbreviation for high-intensity discharge lamp
quantities together with allowable deviations; otherwise
the specified requirements in qualitative terms. In the High-frequency control gear
latter case it is essential that subjective terms be avoided.
For fluorescent or high-intensity discharge lighting,
Design intent electronic control gear which operates at a frequency
significantly above the normal mains frequency, and
A written specification of the whole lighting and control usually well above the audible range.
system prepared by the lighting designer giving the design
Intelligent luminaires
criteria, control strategy and other system requirements,
as appropriate. Luminaires with in-built sensors and control circuitry.
Introduction 3

Internal light sensor Modular wiring

A photo-sensitive device that reads internal lighting Pre-fabricated wiring harnesses designed to provide rapid
levels, usually as observed from the ceiling looking down. installation of lighting circuits and small power in ceiling
voids. Basically a ‘plug and socket’ approach to wiring.
IR
Occupancy detection
Abbreviation for ‘infra-red’, which is commonly used as a
means of transmitting coded commands for the purpose of Sensing the presence of occupants through PIR ,
remote control. Usually initiated by hand. microwave, ultrasonic or acoustic technology. Sensing
technologies may be combined (as is often the case with
Leading-edge dimmer security systems) to give greater accuracy/reliability.

Type of dimmer that ‘chops’ the leading (or rising) edge of Operating and maintenance manual (O&M manual)
the mains sine wave to reduce power delivered to
A series of documents detailing the design intent, mode of
luminaires.
operation and maintenance requirements of building services
systems.
Lighting connection unit
A unit that connects a luminaire to the low-voltage power Operator workstation
supply. A device used to provide a central monitoring facility for a
BMS . Also referred to as a ‘central station’, ‘head end’,
Lighting controller ‘host’ or ‘BMS supervisor’.
Any control unit for a lighting circuit.
Outstation
Lighting designer (LD) A device capable of control and monitoring functions to
The person responsible for the detailed design of the which sensors, actuators and other controls are connected.
lighting scheme. Outstations are linked by means of a communications bus.

Local control unit Override

A system, usually manual in operation, which will
A control circuit for a small area that may be an individual
override the automatic control strategy.
cellular office or part of a larger open plan area. The control
unit should be in the vicinity of the luminaire(s) it controls. Performance testing
Low voltage The testing of a system, or a grouping of systems, to
determine whether certain performance criteria are met.
Voltage level up to 1000 V.
Photocell
Mains-borne signalling
A photo-sensitive device used to provide a reference
Transmission of command or data signals super-imposed lighting level.
onto the mains-frequency power supply (also known as
power-line carrier (PLC) signalling) PIR

Maintenance factor Abbreviation for ‘passive infra-red’, which is a presence/

occupancy sensing technology that is based on looking at
The ratio of the illuminance provided by an installation at moving ‘hot bodies’ or infra-red signatures.
some stated time, with respect to the initial illuminance,
e.g. that after 100 hours of operation. The maintenance Point data
factor is the product of the lamp lumen maintenance factor, Data collected at pre-determined points in the system
the lamp survival factor (where group replacement without during the commissioning process.
spot replacement is carried out), the luminaire maintenance
factor and the room surface maintenance factor. Practical completion

Marshalling box A legally defined point in the construction process where

a designated person, often the architect, agrees that all
Plug-in connection unit for luminaires that is similar to a major construction tasks have been satisfactorily
plug-in lighting control module. It may or may not have completed. There are still likely to be small defects (snags)
intelligence/addressability. Usually contains between six that must be rectified later.
and ten sockets.
Pre-commissioning
Miniature circuit breaker (MCB) Specified systematic checking of a completed installation
A compact mechanical device for making and breaking a to confirm its state of readiness for commissioning.
circuit both in normal conditions and in abnormal
conditions such as those of over-current, short-circuit or Predictive occupancy control
earth fault. In abnormal conditions, the circuit should be The use of a time schedule designed to control lighting
broken automatically. use in line with the hours of occupation.
4 Lighting

Ramp speed lighting levels (if specified in the commissioning method

statement) and control system programming. Some
The rate of fading or dimming a light. Used in ‘scene
projects may also require aiming and focusing of
setting’ to add interest to the establishment of different
equipment for aesthetic reasons alone to fulfil a
lighting effects.
contractual need of the client. All of the commissioning
tasks should form part of the construction schedules and
Regulation
not be seen as separate from other construction works.
Varying the output of fluorescent luminaires by managing
the control gear. It has been assumed that the various aspects that make up
the final lighting installation have been designed properly.
RF Therefore, once the installation has been completed and
Abbreviation for ‘radio-frequency’, which is used in a commissioned, it should comply with the design criteria. If
similar manner to ‘infra-red’ transmission. This tech- it has been installed correctly but cannot meet the design
nology is also used to provide ‘wireless’ communication criteria, then the design or the equipment is at fault and not
between system devices. the commissioning (which should identify such
shortcomings). There are, however, guidance notes in
Scene setting Appendix LA6 that cover some aspects of the design
process.
The use of a lighting control system to create a number of
different lighting effects that can be set (and recalled)
using a single command from a show controller or push- L0.5 Electrical safety
button. (The latter can be called a ‘go to’ switch.)
The fixed electrical installation should be designed,
Show controller
constructed, inspected and tested in accordance with the
An operator station, often based on a personal computer, current version of BS 7671: Requirements for electrical
which allows the user to access, program and modify a installations (the IEE Wiring Regulations)(1), or another
lighting management (control) system. equivalent standard, and related standards or codes of
practice. Further recommendations for safe working good
Specification practice are included in Appendix LA5.
The document that prescribes the system design and If the contractor is installing to a third party design,
requirements for commissioning by reference to drawings, there should be adequate liaison between the parties
information schedules and relevant codes, manuals, guides concerned to ensure that the design criteria do not
and standards. conflict with any safety requirements stipulated by the
relevant standard. For example, a lighting designer may
Switching
wish to integrate the emergency lighting with the main
ON/OFF operation. lighting for aesthetic reasons. It is in the lighting
designer’s interest to ensure that the design complies
System integration with BS 5266: Emergency lighting(2). If it did not comply,
The linking of two or more control systems from different then the contractor would be bound to mention this on
manufacturers. the installation certificate as a deviation from the
standard.
Testing
The measurement and recording of system parameters to L0.6 Lighting commissioning
assess specification compliance.
It is essential that the lighting design intent is realised in
Time schedule
the final installation. The luminaires should be of the
A programme used to manage lighting according to the specified type, with the correct lamps, in their intended
time of day. positions and should all work correctly. The control system
should work and be programmed correctly. The
Trailing-edge dimmer commissioning should be documented (by the designated
person) to allow others to maintain the lighting installation
Type of dimmer that ‘chops’ the trailing (or falling) edge
as intended. This Code advises on the visits, procedures and
of the mains sine wave to reduce power delivered to
documentation that are necessary to achieve this.
luminaires.
Once an installation has been installed, it should be
Unitary control device
checked to ensure that the illuminances meet the required
A control device that controls one single unit, which will levels (if specified in the commissioning method
often be an integral part of that unit. statement). The References and Bibliography list
publications which recommend lighting levels/targets that
may be used by a lighting designer in any given design.
L0.4 The importance
of commissioning There are statutory guidelines that refer to lighting
commissioning, e.g. Approved Document (AD) L2 of the
A lighting installation has to be commissioned for Building Regulations (2002 edition) (3), that give some
electrical safety and good practice, and compliance with guidance on the inspection and commissioning of building
lighting design criteria such as technical compliance with services systems including lighting in non-domestic
Introduction 5

buildings. Following the detailed advice in this Code written on the sheet and not left blank. This will
(CIBSE/SLL Commissioning Code L) would be one ensure that every aspect of the commissioning is
method of demonstrating compliance with AD L2. considered.

The lighting industry has developed a declaration of — It is important to identify an overall designer of
conformity for Parts L1 and L2 which should in due the lighting scheme. The lighting designer (LD)
course be available from the Lighting Association(4) and should represent the client’s needs and overview
Lighting Industry Federation(5) websites. This form may the lighting design in its entirety. The LD may be a
be offered to building control bodies as evidence of the separate lighting designer/consultant or may be
compliance of completed lighting systems with Part L1 or the M&E consultant.
L2 as relevant. Building control bodies will need to be — At the start of a commissioning project the various
satisfied, as in other cases, as to the credentials of those parties should agree on communication ‘path ways’.
who sign these declarations and that the technical
information conveyed in them is satisfactory as evidence — A framework for a communication network should
for the purposes of establishing that the works meet the be drawn up to aid the smooth flow of information.
requirements. The installation and commissioning of a control
system is frequently let on a subcontract basis. This
can impede the flow of information between the
L0.7 Lighting controls control system designer/specifier and the control
system vendor. To help address this problem, it is
The purpose of commissioning the lighting controls beneficial in many projects if the control system
includes ensuring that automatic control systems work contractor can have a direct line of communication
correctly, realising the aesthetic quality of the lighting, with the system designer along with other relevant
ensuring that end users can use the systems and suppliers and subcontractors. However, such a
minimising wasted energy. This Code advises on these framework must take into account any contractual
matters. Further guidance is available in CIBSE obligations and responsibilities.
Commissioning Code C: Automatic controls(6).
— The particular requirements for the commissioning
of the control system can be kept to the fore by the
regular attendance of the commissioning engineer at
L1 Commissioning project/site meetings.
project management
L1.2 Commissioning activities
L1.1 Forming a commissioning
An example of a general checklist of activities required for
management team a successful commissioning process is included as
Appendix LA2. The ‘person responsible’ for each activity
For large installations a commissioning management team will depend on the contractual arrangements but should
should be formed to co-ordinate and oversee the be inserted as early as possible in the process. It is
commissioning process. Further guidance is available in essential that responsibility for the completion of any task
CIBSE Commissioning Code M: Commissioning be assigned before the task is started. Recommendations
management(7). for issues to consider in the design process for ease of
commissioning, ease of maintenance and energy efficiency
The formation of a full commissioning management team
are given in Appendix LA6.
may not be appropriate for projects with relatively simple
automatic control systems and small project teams, but
commissioning management should not be ignored just
because the project is small.
L1.3 Commissioning
method statements
The following procedures should be followed:
— It is important to decide who will have overall A commissioning method statement should be produced by
responsibility for the lighting commissioning. the person with overall responsibility for commissioning
This person should develop a commissioning activities (or their nominated deputy). An example of a
checklist (Appendix LA2 can be used as a basis for commissioning method statement for a generic mixed
this checklist). The checklist should be distributed manual and automatic lighting system is included as
to the lighting designer (LD), the architect, the appendix LA3. In practice, responsibilities between parties
interior designer, the mechanical & electrical will vary depending on the contractual framework.
( M & E ) consultant, the main contractor, the
electrical contractor and subcontractors and
suppliers associated with commissioning their own L1.4 Commissioning plan or timetable
equipment supplied to a project, for example a
control system programmer. These people should The person designated with responsibility for managing
meet on a regular basis. the commissioning process should:
— A name should be placed against each of the — Make sure that the main contractor includes
activities in the list of Appendix LA2. If a lighting commissioning dates on the time lines
particular item is not relevant, then this should be issued to contractors and clients.
Introduction 5

— Use a tool such as critical path analysis to plan the — All luminaires should be in the correct position (as
pre-commissioning, commissioning and handover defined by the system drawings) and be in the
tasks, their duration and interdependencies with correct orientation.
each other and other M&E services.
— All luminaires should be clean and undamaged
— Consider the critical points in the process by
with the correct lamps fitted (i.e. manufacturer,
which time certain tasks must be completed for
the next task to start – strategic co-ordination rating, phosphor and electrical type).
points (e.g. electrical power must be available — All lamps in emergency luminaires should be
before luminaire function can be tested). checked for damage and wear caused during the
— Identify where tasks may be completed early (i.e. construction phase.
during the construction phase) or off-site.
— All channel dials and function switches (as
— Consider whether phased completion, if feasible, appropriate) should be set to the specified settings.
will help to reduce the overall commissioning time
scale and plan accordingly. — All sensor levels should be set to the specified levels.
— Continue to monitor progress against timetable, — All items should be uniquely and clearly labelled,
warn project management if deviations in other particularly control panels.
schedules are likely to have a significant effect on
the commissioning schedule. — Alignment of all luminaires (especially flood
lighting) should be checked to avoid glare and
— Ensure that the client’s representative is involved,
unwanted over-spill and a check should be made
particularly with regard to any programming
requirements. that any conditions attached to planning
permission have been complied with.
— All cover plates should be fitted and electrical
segregation complete.
L2 Pre-commissioning
(preliminary) checks — All raise and lower gear should be checked.
— All safety chains, safety cords and filter holders etc.
on luminaires should be securely mounted;
L2.1 General associated control gear should be fixed securely on
All pre-commissioning checks should be recorded on a lighting trusses, booms, barrels and bars, or placed in
pre-commissioning checklist. As many of these checks as a secure position.
possible should be carried out off-site. Tasks suitable for
off-site commissioning include software applications and L2.2.2 Electrical checks
control panel testing. Speculative office buildings may
have two separate lighting designs. The initial design may — All luminaires, switches and sensors should be
be a simple system with mainly manual controls. The final wired according to the wiring diagrams provided.
user specification will be developed at the fit-out stage,
which may be a separate project from the original build. — All lights or track circuits should be wired to the
The fit-out commissioning process should be planned in specified control switch or dimmer.
the same manner as a new-build commissioning process — All mains wiring has been tested and certified as
and the relevant changes made to the design and
commissioning record. complying with the recommendations of BS
7671(1).
— Appropriate power has been provided to the
L2.2 State of the system systems to be commissioned. The voltage and
All lighting system components should be installed frequency should be stable and within the limits
according to the system design drawings and an appropriate, laid down in the Electricity Safety, Quality and
stable power supply should be available. All lighting system Continuity Regulations(8) and within the voltage-
components should be those specified in the original drop limits specified in BS 7671(1).
design. Specification ‘breaking’ may have a serious adverse
effect on total lighting efficacy, efficiency and the
aesthetic quality of the design and on the time required L2.3 Pre-commissioning certificate
for commissioning. Substitutions should only be made
with the agreement of the lighting designer, and a written It is recommended that the person responsible for
change record should be made. commissioning management produces a pre-commissioning
certificate (see Appendix LA4).
L2.2.1 Mechanical checks
This certificate can include a checklist of pre-
— All luminaire positioning that requires co-operation
with other installers (such as air conditioning commissioning tasks and the person responsible for the task.
contractors, installers of girders and plasterers) Those responsible for the tasks should sign the completed
should be co-ordinated early in the building checklist to signify that the checks have been completed
contract. satisfactorily.
6 Lighting

L3 Commissioning light meter. (Note: A copy of a current calibration

certificate should be attached to calibration results sheets.)
BS 667(9) provides guidance on the calibration and use of
L3.1 Interior lighting such light meters.

Carry out commissioning steps as defined by the Where possible, the calibration of the light sensor should
commissioning method statement. The checklists in take place at the lighting controller or operator workstation
Appendix LA2 may help to define the steps required. The (via configuration software). Direct manual calibration at the
specific checklist in Appendix LA2 (Figure LA2.2) can be sensor itself may result in calibration being adversely affected
modified to suit the particular commissioning project, or be as the person performing the calibration will block some of
used in its entirety, in which case ‘not applicable’ should be the light which would otherwise fall on the sensor. When
written in the check boxes that are not appropriate for that local calibration cannot be avoided, care must be taken to
project. minimise any adverse effects by the person commissioning,
e.g. by the use of remote-head portable light meters.
Carry out measurements of illuminance if defined in the
commissioning method statement, see section L3.6. Calibration of the light sensors should take place when the
building is fully furnished. See also Section L3.6. Ensure
It is important that the aiming and focusing of adjustable that luminaires do not dim to a point where flicker is
luminaires are adequately addressed. If all other lighting detected. Ensure appropriate time-delay settings to reduce
needs to be switched off during this process, project nuisance dimming caused by transient conditions, e.g.
schedules must allow the site to be free from other workers passing clouds.
requiring light.
L3.4.4 Occupancy sensors
Safety method statements must allow those aiming and
focusing the luminaires to use appropriate access gear
Ensure that:
belonging to, or hired by, the installer. If it is intended that
the luminaires be adjusted by the end user after practical — The zone occupancy sensor is located and
completion of the project, this must be indicated in the orientated correctly in relation to the occupants.
commissioning method statement (see section L1.3).
— The occupancy sensor sensitivity is appropriate by
adjusting the detector sensitivity to ensure that
L3.2 Emergency lighting occupant movement is detected throughout the
occupied zone. Note that too low a sensitivity will
Commissioning of emergency lighting should be carried result in seated occupants not being detected, while
out with reference to BS 5266 Emergency lighting(2). too high a sensitivity may result in movement
outside the controlled zone activating the lights.
— The time delay setting is representative of the
L3.3 Exterior lighting occupant work/movement patterns. Ideally, the
time delay settings should be assessed when the
Lighting attached to a building providing access building is occupied.
lighting or security lighting near the building is covered
by this Code and shall be commissioned according to
the design specification. Carry out measurements of L3.4.5 Manual dimming
illuminance if defined in the commissioning method
statement – see section L3.6. Ensure that the upper and lower limits of the dimming
range are as specified.

L3.4 Lighting controls L3.4.6 Sweep-off

L3.4.1 General Ensure that the start and stop times along with the
override control (e.g. occupant or security staff override)
Ensure that any specified fail-safe/emergency control are as specified.
routines operate correctly.
L3.4.7 End user-operated systems
L3.4.2 Manual controls
Occupant overrides range from simple set point adjustment
Ensure that manual switches switch the correct zone of and push button overrides to PC and telephone-based
luminaires as labelled. systems. The following general procedures should be
followed. Ensure that:
L3.4.3 Daylight-linked/lumen maintenance — The physical location of occupant control devices
and intelligent luminaires is correct.
— Each occupant control device is linked to the
Ensure that the light sensor is located in a representative
building control system communications network.
location. Calibrate the light sensor to give the specified
light levels at the specified positions. The calibration — Each occupant control device controls the correct
should be performed using a certified, calibrated portable lighting zone.
8 Lighting

— The control band of the occupant control is as — The speed of communications is at least that
specified. specified. It is important that this is assessed when
the network is under ‘normal’ operating
— The default control settings for each occupant
conditions in order to reflect the in-use level of
control device are correct.
network traffic.
— Any specified automatic override function
operates correctly. — Data communication is error free, i.e. there is no
data corruption at the level of the control system.
For IT-based occupant controls (PC or telephone-based (Communication errors may occur but these
systems), ensure that each occupant command relates to should be resolved automatically by the network
the correct luminaires or lamps and operates in the communication devices.)
specified manner. — No cross corruption of data occurs when the
building control system shares a network with
Ensure that the database containing occupant details can other IT-based systems.
be easily accessed and amended in order to reflect future
changes in occupancy patterns. — All network devices such as routers and bridges
operate correctly.

L3.4.8 Scene-set controllers — Network resilience is satisfactory if dual or

redundant networks are installed.
Ensure that scenes operate according to specification. — Screened cables and termination devices have been
Ensure that scenes are labelled adequately to allow an installed in systems where this is critical, for
untrained user to select the correct option. example ethernet and DMX systems.

L3.4.9 Central controller or building

management system (BMS) L3.5 Relationship between
lighting and shading
The following commissioning procedures are applicable
for a central controller or BMS. For automatic shading systems (for example automated
blinds), ensure that the system works as specified. The
Ensure that: shading should be minimised before the lights are
— The specified software release is installed. activated and the lights should be switched off before the
shading is activated. Manual override may be required to
— Passwords and associated access levels are set up avoid discomfort glare.
correctly.
— All outstations and unitary control devices can be
addressed and data sent and retrieved. This should L3.6 Measurement of illuminance
include any specified retrieval of point data and the
ability to download configuration software and If illuminance measurements are required by the specific
perform alterations to control points and strategies. commissioning contract they should be noted in the
commissioning method statement and may be carried out
— Any specified building schematics are displayed in accordance with CIBSE/SLL Code for lighting appendix
correctly on request and that the monitored point ‘Verification of lighting installation performance’(10).
data associated with each schematic are also
correct i.e. ensure that the ‘binding’ — correlation
— of the graphics and monitored data is correct.
— Data logging functions operate correctly. L4 System handover
— Logged data can be displayed correctly.
— Archiving of logged data, system configuration L4.1 Witnessing arrangements
details and control parameters operates correctly.
The requirements for system witnessing should be included
— Any specified automatic report generation in the system specification. It is recommended that, as a
software operates correctly (automatic generation minimum, witnessing should include the following:
of point list and control strategy schematics etc).
— An audit of the system hardware installed. This
— Any specified third party management software should include luminaires and attachments, control
such as energy targeting and monitoring software field devices and any operator workstations.
can retrieve the necessary data from the central
supervisor/BMS. Check for the specified operation — Confirmation that spare lamps, accessories and
of the software (data analysis and display/ other specified components have been handed over
management reports etc). in a serviceable state.
— Verification of any operator software and
L3.4.10 Communication networks associated graphics.
— The operation of control equipment for any main
Ensure that:
and/or critical items of lighting should be
— All control devices can be addressed over the witnessed completely along with a random sample
communications network. of other points.
8 Lighting

L3.4.8 Scene-set controllers — Network resilience is satisfactory if dual or

L3.4.9 Central controller or building

— The number of random points to be witnessed will L4.2.3 O&M manual/handover report
depend on the size of the complete system. For
example, the following rules of thumb may be Responsibility for producing and checking the O & M
helpful: if less than 300 points witness all the manual will have been assigned at an earlier stage.
points, between 300 and 1000 points witness 50%, Responsibility for providing some of the information will
and if more than 1000 points witness 20% (with a almost certainly fall to the commissioning engineer as
minimum of 500 points witnessed). defined by the terms of the specific contract. The
— If the failure rate is greater than 5%, then the following list is useful for compiling the O&M manual.
lighting designer (or equivalent party) should — Check that an initial draft of the O&M manual has
reserve the right to witness 100% of the points. been submitted to the lighting designer or
— If there are several identical lighting sub-systems, equivalent party for approval prior to
one can be witnessed in detail, with the others commissioning (when required under contract).
witnessed on a random basis. — O&M documentation should be produced as the

— Logs should be used (if available) when witnessing work proceeds and updated when necessary. This
points in order to monitor the performance of any work should commence at the start of the contract
control actions. and be added to/updated as the contract progresses.

— Verification of handover of all operating manuals — Ensure that approved final copies of the O&M
and system documentation (see section L4.2). manuals are provided at handover.
— Verification of handover of backup copies of — The O&M manual should be properly indexed.
software. Terminology and references used must be
consistent with the physical identification of
— Verification of system operator training requirements. component parts.
— Write up (or print out from the control system’s
L4.2 Commissioning documentation memory) the settings of each scene in terms of
fade time, the lighting channels that are invoked
per scene and the level per channel. Note that
L4.2.1 Checklists
different manufacturers of control systems use
the terms ‘control channel’, ‘dimming channel’,
Checklists are an important means of monitoring and
‘circuit’, ‘pre-set’, ‘state’ and ‘scene’ in various,
recording the progress of the commissioning process.
Checklists serve a variety of functions and can help provide and sometimes inconsistent, ways that are not
the following: always clear to end users. The terms must be
defined for each type of system.
— a record of tasks to be performed
— Ensure that the O & M manual includes the
— a means of monitoring the commissioning process following and is included in the site health and
— a record of completed work safety file:

— a means of measuring the quality of the installation — written description of system operation

— a record of commissioning data for inclusion in the — control strategy/logic diagrams recording
operating and maintenance manual (O&M manual); the version of configuration software
this should include records of final changes/fine installed at handover
tuning updates. — details of system application software
configuration
Checklists should be used throughout the pre-
commissioning and commissioning stages. — points list including hard and soft points
(all points should have a unique
mnemonic) – unless this is clearly
L4.2.2 Commissioning completion certificate incorporated in the system software, in
which case make appropriate reference to
It is recommended that the person responsible for this element.
commissioning management produces a commissioning
completion certificate. An example of a possible form for — description of user adjustable points
this certificate is given as appendix LA4. The certificate — commissioning record details
may include a checklist of commissioning tasks. The
commissioning certificate should be signed by the — detailed data sheets for all control
commissioning engineer and witnessed by the lighting components and equipment wiring circuit
designer and a user/client representative. details including origin, route and
destination of each cable
In some projects it may be necessary to perform a phased — comprehensive instructions for switching
completion programme in which the lighting system is
on, operation, switching off, isolation,
completed and certified in sections. However, if a certified
fault finding and procedures for dealing
section is altered in any way during the rest of the
with emergency conditions
construction programme, it should be re-certified before
handover. It is recommended that such alterations be — instructions for any precautionary
avoided if at all possible. measures necessary
10 Lighting

— instructions for the routine operation of Intermediate operator

the control system including simple day-
to-day guidance for those operating the In addition to the above, an intermediate operator should
control system with limited technical skill be capable of making basic alterations to the system
including:
— instructions for servicing and system
upkeep — changes to time and occupancy programmes
— provision for update and modification — changes to control set points
— recommendations, if appropriate, regard- — setting up trend logs
ing access for maintenance, bulk lamp — setting up alarm routines.
changing, and risk assessments for
maintenance.
Advanced operator
Note that other documentation requirements may be
applicable depending on the sophistication of the system. At this level the operator should be capable of:
Ensure that the O&M manual includes comprehensive — adding or changing graphics
system operation instructions. Further information — changing control strategies
concerning O&M manuals is contained in the CIBSE Guide
to ownership, operation and maintenance of building services(11). — adding analogue and digital inputs/outputs to the
The O&M manual should be referred to from the building system
log book as specified by Approved Document L2 of the — system back-up and archiving of logged data
Building Regulations(3), paragraphs 3.1 and 3.2. A guide to
compiling the building log book is given in CIBSE TM — re-loading system software/configuration details.
31: Building energy log books(12).
Note: Unauthorised changes to systems may affect
warranties and should be checked with the installers and
L4.3 Operator training suppliers as appropriate.

The successful operation of a lighting control system Facilities managers and maintenance personnel are likely
to need to know the following properties of the
depends very much on the skill and knowledge of the
illumination systems:
system operator. As such, adequate training of system
operators is therefore essential. It is advantageous if the — the types of luminaires used
intended system operator can be present during at least
— the correct types of lamps to be used for each
part of the commissioning stage. This will allow the
luminaire type
operator to become familiar with the system and develop
experience while commissioning staff are on site. The — advised maintenance cycles
degree of beneficial interaction between the operator and — access for maintenance
the commissioning personnel will depend on the ability of
the operator and the terms of the commissioning contract. — the location of spares
— the location of switches.
The requirement for operator training will depend on the
complexity of the control system and the client’s intended These lists are indicative and not intended to be
approach to operating the system, along with the degree to exhaustive.
which reliance will be placed on external support and
operational services.

The operator should be capable of understanding how the L5 Post-occupancy checks

lighting system operates as a complete system and how the
controls work as part of this system. It is important that lighting control systems be checked
for correct operation under representative operational
System operators can be grouped into the following broad conditions. During the commissioning period these
categories: conditions may not arise because the building is
unoccupied. In addition, it is difficult properly to verify
Basic operator the performance of seasonal variations in control
strategies. For these reasons control systems should be
At this level system operators are expected to have a basic checked when the building is occupied. In addition,
understanding of the control system architecture and have illuminances cannot be checked until the space is
the ability to view point data. It is not expected that the completely fitted out and furnished. Representative
operator will make any alterations to the system. Typical operational conditions will often involve checks at dusk
abilities include: and/or night time.

— call up and view point data from schematics and/or The extent and frequency of post-occupancy checks
points lists should be included in the control system specification as
part of the contract between the building owner and the
— acknowledge system alarms
construction supply chain and will depend on the nature
— view trend logs. and complexity of the control system. It is also important
10 Lighting

— instructions for the routine operation of Intermediate operator

The operator should be capable of understanding how the L5 Post-occupancy checks

2 BS 5266: Emergency lighting (London: British Standards 14 Lighting in the countryside, towards good practice
Institution) (seven parts) DETR/Countryside Commission (London: HMSO) (1997)

Appendix LA1: Hypothetical examples of lighting commissioning

Every lighting installation needs commissioning, whether Task 2.5 was N/A as the high-intensity discharge lamps
it be a very simple project involving a client and one chosen were only available at one correlated colour
contractor or a multi-function public building with temperature. Tasks 2.9, 2.10, 2.11 and 2.13 were deemed
offices, walkways, hire out facilities and exhibitions. relevant but the rest of section 2 was thought N/A.
Below are some hypothetical examples of how a project
might be commissioned. They are not templates, as every Of section 3, only tasks 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 were deemed
project has different parameters and different parties relevant with the rest filled in N/A. The commissioning
involved in the design and installation. manager signed tasks 3.1 and 3.3 but, crucially, it was the
client who completed task 3.2, because the midnight
In all cases, someone should be appointed as the switch off was the client’s decision not the contractor’s.
commissioning manager. The tasks defined in sections
1.1–1.7 of the Specific checklist (Figure LA2.2) in
Appendix LA2 always apply; the examples show how other LA1.2 Example 2
tasks may or may not apply.
A local business decided that its new office would be used
by VDT operators. It used a local building firm (a main
LA1.1 Example 1 contractor) which had its own electrical contractor. The
electrical contractor asked a VDT lighting equipment
A school wanted exterior floodlighting installed and supplier to make sure that the scheme complied with the
wanted an adjacent corridor to be re-lit. The only parties CIBSE/SLL Code for lighting(10) and LG3(13) and this service
involved were the client — the school’s representative — was paid for. The control system was commissioned by its
and a local electrical contractor. The brief was minimal manufacturer as a paid service and the control system
and stated that the car park needed to be lit at certain engineer carried out the task. The control system uses
times, but not all night, and in the most energy efficient passive infra-red and photocells with some switch .
way possible. Equipment had to be easy to maintain and
needed to match, where possible, other equipment. One The commissioning manager in this case is the main
local neighbour had previously complained about ‘too
contractor. However, since the main contractor does not
much light at night’. The corridor lighting was to be low
want to be involved in lighting matters, all he/she does is
energy use and comply with modern practice.
to assign the right person to the right task in the Specific
First, the contractor decided to not consult anyone else checklist (Figure LA2.2).
and perform a design and build project. The contractor
He gives the electrical contractor responsibility for task 1 in
chose suitable new floodlights with characteristics
including long-life sources and good lumens/watt efficacy, the Specific checklist (Figure LA2.2). The electrical
and compact fluorescent interior lighting for the corridor contractor was also given responsibility for tasks 2.1 and
(some with an emergency facility) along with new exit 2.3, along with tasks 3.7 and 3.10. A part of the scheme used
signs to match others installed in a previous contract. wallwashing as a technique. The electrical contractor, being
unfamiliar with wallwashing, asked the luminaire
The electrical contractor worked out the quantity and manufacturer to take responsibility for tasks 2.2 and 2.6.
spacing and decided to use a time switch with two (On other projects the electrical contractor might do this
switching modes to allow for midnight switch off. Having task instead.)
worked out a plan and had approval from the client (and
their approved bodies), the electrical contractor installed The luminaire manufacturer signed for and checked tasks
the equipment and appointed its site manager to be the 2.13 to 2.18 with illuminance meters and recorded its
commissioning manager. Once all the equipment was findings. It was not surprised to be asked to do this as it
installed and working, the contractor aimed the had agreed to it at the time of the order of the equipment.
floodlights on to the car park, being mindful of the The manufacturer also carried out and signed tasks 3.5
complaint regarding glare. and 3.12, being the designers of the system. The control
system engineer carried out tasks 3.4, 3.6, 3.8 and 3.13.
The commissioning manager signed tasks 1.1–2.2 of the
Specific checklist (Figure LA2.2) in Appendix LA2 and All of the other tasks were marked N / A . The main
ticked them as the work was completed. The contractor knew who was doing what and it was sorted out
commissioning manager ticked task 2.3, as the phosphor in one meeting.
of the compact fluorescent lamps was chosen to match the
rest of the corridors. Task 2.4 was also ticked since the
floodlights were available in three beam widths and, LA1.3 Example 3
although it would not have mattered from an electrical
safety point of view, installing the wrong beam type would A museum opened and had a complicated multimedia
have lit the car park wrongly and perhaps caused glare to event together with architectural lighting and office
the neighbour. administration spaces.
Appendix LA1: Hypothetical examples of lighting commissioning 13

As well as a client, an architect, a main contractor and an lighting control system, and the architectural non-
electrical contractor, there is an interior designer, a museum-space lighting controls will be designed,
lighting designer and a multimedia subcontractor. The installed, focused and programmed by the same party.
building had a BMS that communicated with the This is unlikely to be the case.
multimedia museum control system twice a day. From
then on the multimedia system was stand alone. The checklist must be extended to incorporate all of the
subsystems. In complicated projects, the commissioning
To begin with, the client or the main contractor appointed will also involve site visits at various stages of the building
a commissioning manager. The list of tasks in the Specific construction to check that critical locations of lighting
checklist in Appendix LA2 (Figure LA2.2) was assigned niches, surface-to-luminaire offsets etc. are not altered
to the relevant professionals listed above. without consultation (see checklist, Figure LA2.2, task
1.1, for example).
The commissioning manager must be aware of the subtle
distinction between checking that a system works and If the lighting designer is overruled about such matters, it
checking that it is programmed correctly. may mean that the aesthetic intent of the installation
cannot be realised later at the programming stage. The
It is easy to assume that the office lighting control system, task list will allow the client to know who will check these
the BMS , the show controller with its linked museum matters in good time before completion of the project.
14 Lighting

Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems

Task Person responsible Signature Tick RIBA

stage
(note 3)

Pre-construction phase:
Appoint commissioning manager (CM) or assign
specific responsibilities for commissioning process C

Distribute design to main contractor (MC), lighting designers (LD),

installers, commissioning engineer(s), facilities manager(s) D

Where possible, check design(s) for commissionability D

Where possible, check design for ease of maintenance D

Make design changes if identified above E

Agree communication pathways K

Produce commissioning method statement (CMS) for each system K

Produce commissioning timetable (plan) with critical path analysis K

Co-ordinate lighting commissioning timetable with other services — determine

strategic mechanical and electrical co-ordination points — approve timetable K

Construction phase/pre-handover:

Agree schedule for regular project meetings K

Have there been any equipment substitutions from original design? Tick if yes. K

If yes above, does substitute equipment meet the design requirements? Tick if yes. K

Has lighting designer been consulted on any proposed location changes

of luminaires to suit site constraints? Tick if yes. K

Install and wire hardware as per design and/or instructions and certify completion K

During construction phase review commissioning timetable in light of progress K

Perform pre-commissioning checks from CMS and provide written

confirmation of fitness for commissioning K

Schedule, perform and certify off-site commissioning checks from CMS K

Perform commissioning as per CMS K

Witness commissioning checks as per CMS K

Certify commissioning completion K

Complete ‘as installed’ drawings and instructions for O&M manual K

Train facilities manager, maintenance staff and/or end users in

system operation as per CMS K

Draw attention to maintenance risk assessments required

and access equipment necessary K

Sign completion certificate K

Post-handover phase:

Schedule and complete post-handover checks (e.g. seasonal operations)

if required by CMS L

Complete end user training as required by CMS L

Notes:
1 The person(s) responsible for each task should be assigned at the initial contract stage.
2 For some lighting control systems the commissioning engineer may be a representative of the manufacturer.
3 The RIBA stages are included in this checklist for information only about the stage at which each task might be addressed; it is not intended that
they should form part of an actual checklist. A flowchart showing the construction process and the RIBA stages of work is included in this Appendix.

Figure LA2.1 General checklist for the commissioning of lighting systems

Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems 15

Task Person responsible Signature Tick Notes

(If task is not applicable to a project CM should put ‘N/A’. Do not leave blank.)

Commissioning to ensure:
1.1 Critical offset distances of luminaires or structures have been achieved Note 1

1.2 Electrical installation meets recommendations of BS 7671 Note 2

1.3 Numbering of cables in distribution boxes is to drawing Note 3

1.4 Numbering of distribution boxes is to drawing Note 3

1.5 Grouping of luminaires is to drawing Note 4

1.6 Groups of luminaires are assigned to the correct positions in grid switch
or grid single circuit dimmer Note 4

1.7 Emergency lighting complies with recommendations of BS 5266 Note 1

2.1 Luminaires and remote control gear are of the correct make and type Note 5

2.2 Fixed luminaires have been installed at the correct orientation Note 6

2.3 Fluorescent lamps have the correct phosphor Note 7

2.4 Spot lamps are of the correct make, beam angle and rating Note 7

2.5 Discharge lamps have the correct correlated colour temperature (CCT) Note 7

2.6 All lamps are the correct wattage and voltage ratings Note 7

2.7 Recessed adjustable luminaires are aimed correctly Note 8

2.8 Surface removable luminaires have been installed on tracks and trusses Note 9

2.9 Surface removable luminaires have been aimed/focused on tracks and trusses Note 10

2.10 Focus notes have been drawn up to allow for re-aiming after maintenance Note 10

2.11 Exterior floodlights have been aimed to drawing and according to terms of
planning permission (particularly relevant for sports installations) Note 11

2.12 Mains voltage, line and lamp currents have been checked at the control
gear on exterior floodlighting schemes, particularly for sports Note 11

2.13 Permanent colour filters have been installed Note 12

2.14 Horizontal illuminance on horizontal task(s) is at specified level Note 13

2.15 Vertical illuminance on vertical task(s) is at specified level Note 13

2.16 Horizontal illuminance over area(s) is at specific level Note 13

2.17 Vertical illuminance on walls is at specified level Note 13

2.18 Ratios of illuminances are at specified amounts Note 14

2.19 Interior luminances are at specified levels Note 15

2.20 Disability glare is at or below specified level(s) at a specified point(s)

in a specified direction(s) Note 16

2.21 Threshold increment, uniformity spacing and luminance of a street

lighting scheme complies with recommendations of BS 5489 Note 17

3.1 Time switches have been installed and are working Note 18

3.2 Time switches have had their operating times chosen Note 18

3.3 Time switches have been programmed properly with the chosen times Note 18

Figure LA2.2 Specific checklist for the commissioning of lighting systems

16 Lighting

Task Person responsible Signature Tick Notes

(If task is not applicable to a project CM should put ‘N/A’. Do not leave blank.)

Commissioning to ensure:

3.4 Photocell systems operate according to design intent Note 19

3.5 Illuminance trigger levels have been chosen (on adjustable photocell systems) Note 19

3.6 Illuminance trigger levels have been set (on adjustable photocell systems) Note 19

3.7 PIR detector systems are installed and working correctly Note 20

3.8 PIR detector systems are programmed and operate correctly Note 20

3.9 FM radio switches have been configured to the relevant receivers Note 21

3.10 Control signal cables have been wired between dimming fluorescent ballasts,
without cross-over, allowing all ballasts to dim when DC voltage is applied. Note 22

3.11 System producing control signal output voltages is working Note 22

3.12 Lighting levels associated with control signal voltages have been chosen Note 22

3.13 Lighting levels associated with control signal voltages have been programmed Note 22

3.14 Preset rack control system has data cables installed between plates
and racks but not terminated Note 23

3.15 Preset rack control system has control plates fitted and data cables terminated Note 23

3.16 Preset rack control system: main ‘dimmer rack’ mounted to wall mains
cabling marked and terminated but data cables not terminated Note 23

3.17 Preset rack control system: data cables terminated in dimmer rack Note 23

3.18 Preset rack control system: control cables installed between luminaires
and control devices but not terminated Note 23

3.19 Preset rack control system: control cables in luminaires

and control devices terminated Note 23

3.20 Preset rack control system: settings of states, times and levels chosen Note 23

3.21 Preset rack control system: settings of states, times and levels programmed Note 23

3.22 Ethernet and digital multiplex (DMX) systems: termination resistors have
been fitted where necessary and screened cables have been used Note 24

3.23 Timed show control system is working Note 25

3.24 Timed show control system has a programmer Note 25

3.25 Timed show control system designer has instructed programmer Note 25

3.26 Timed show control system program has either been

written up on paper or backed up in software format Note 25

3.27 BMS is working Note 26

3.28 BMS lighting levels and switching times have been chosen Note 26

3.29 BMS lighting levels and switching times have been programmed in Note 26

3.30 Combined BMS and preset rack control systems work together properly Note 27

3.31 BMS or other control systems are understood by building staff

and have been written up Note 28

Figure LA2.2 Specific checklist for the commissioning of lighting systems (continued)
Appendix LA2: Checklists for the commissioning of lighting systems 17

Notes: 14 Ratios of illuminances in different planes are often as important

as values themselves. In the case of office lighting check boxes
1 Luminaires and lighting structures need to be set at particular
2.13–2.17 should seldom be deemed, ‘Not applicable’ as
places, e.g. a wallwasher may need to be offset from a wall by a
compliance with CIBSE/SLL Lighting Guide 3: The visual
particular distance. The LD will need to check this during the
environment for display screen use(13) and CIBSE/SLL Code for
installation and not leave it until it is too late to alter or make
Lighting(10) depends on these being adhered to.
good. A contractor should not alter luminaire positions
(especially emergency lighting luminaires and those of 15 Luminances for visual display equipment areas will need
aesthetic importance) without liaising with the designer. checking for compliance with CIBSE/SLL Lighting Guide
LG3(13).
2 This checklist applies to any installation on the mainland of
the UK. Different standards may apply in other circumstances. 16 This check applies to installations where a visual task has to be
carried out. In a factory an acceptable level of glare may have been
3 Labelling of circuits, including cables, MCBs and distribution specified for a production process. An exterior lighting scheme
boxes, is often poorly carried out making it difficult for end may have rural glare limits (see, for example, DETR/Countryside
users or others commissioning devices easily to determine Commission: Lighting in the countryside, towards good practice(14)). A
circuits. Even though labelling is required by BS 7671(1), it is sports lighting scheme may have some glare limits set. These
often not carried out properly. Each circuit should have a must be checked during commissioning.
unique reference. An integrated numbering system should be
issued to all contractors to avoid ambiguity between individual 17 This only applies to street lighting and the associate types of
scheme found in BS 5489(15).
parts of an installation.
18 If a time switch is not set properly, energy can be wasted and
4 The designer should make clear how groups of luminaires
lighting may not function when needed. The lighting designer
relate to switches. It should be intuitive to the end user and
needs to define how time switches are to be set and pass it on to
labelled where necessary. It should be checked by someone
the contractor. The installer, the policy maker for time
other than the installer.
switching and the setter of the switch may not always be the
5 Substitutions of equipment must only be made in consultation same person. Tasks 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 highlight this.
with the designer.
19 The installer, policy maker for light level switching and the
6 Although a luminaire may be working safely, it may be mis- setter of the levels may not always be the same person. Tasks
orientated, e.g. a wallwasher may be 180° out so that its peak 3.4, 3.5 and 3.6 highlight this.
intensity is not facing the wall or the lamp axis of a square
20 Some PIR systems can be adjusted for sensitivity and duration
fluorescent luminaire might be 90° out. This must be checked. of operation. The installer, policy maker for switching duration
7 Although a fluorescent luminaire may be working safely, it may and the setter of the PIRs themselves may not always be the
have the wrong phosphor tubes making the colour appearance same person. Tasks 3.7 and 3.8 highlight this.
of the space incorrect. Lamps, in general, must be specified in 21 FM radio receivers incorporated into feeder pillars, distribution
terms of make, type, power, beam angle (if applicable) and boxes and luminaires need configuring to a designed system.
CCT, if applicable, and checked. This configuration must be carried out and checked with the
8 It is the designer’s task to make sure that adjustable luminaires design.
are aimed correctly. The contractor may be asked to assist. 22 0–10 volt analogue dimming fluorescent ballasts are still being
Note that it is pointless using adjustable luminaires if no one installed. Tasks 3.10–3.13 highlight the commissioning checks.
will originally adjust them or if no one will write up how they
were intended to be aimed. 23 Control systems with racks handling the power of the
controlled load, and operated by low voltage controllers, either
9 Some contracts split the installation of permanent luminaires incorporated, or remote from the rack and connected to other
(1st fix) and the removable luminaires (2nd fix). The main remote controllers, are often installed in part by different
installation contractor may install the 1st fix but a production parties and then commissioned by further parties. Tasks
electrician may carry out the 2nd fix. In all cases the use of 3.14–3.19 highlight how these installation and programming
safety chains, filters, cords and attachments must be checked. responsibilities are split. It clarifies the procedures in these
10 The lighting designer normally oversees this aspect of a project. complex systems. These are typical of a scene setting system;
If assistance is needed from a contractor, this should be agreed there are other control system architectures for other
applications.
in the contract phase and highlighted at the first
commissioning meeting early in the project. 24 Digital multiplexing systems (DMX) need termination resistors
in some cases and not in others. A specialist must check these
11 The electrical characteristics of sports and other floodlighting
installations.
must be measured as the life of lamps and the lighting levels
can be affected by values outside of the norm. 25 Some preset and rack systems are linked to a show controller
that sequences the lighting with audio visual equipment,
12 Colour filters for long term lighting schemes should be made of a
particularly in permanent themed events. It is most common
suitable high temperature material. In some cases the lighting
for the installer to provide a programmer, who is then
designer might not choose the colours of the filters at the time
instructed by a designer. Tasks 3.24, 3.25, 3.26 and 3.27 reflect
that contracts were started because the hues of the space have not
the general stages in the commissioning of these systems. For
been finalised by the interior designer. Hence temporary filters
complex installations, the number of categories may increase.
might be used in suitable luminaires and once agreed will be
replaced by glass or long-term filters. This box is to make certain 26 Some buildings have many services, including lighting,
that that replacement has taken place. This will also prevent controlled by a building management system (BMS); task 3.28
unnecessary glass or long-term filters being ordered but not used. checks that this has been installed and is working. The installer,
the control policy maker and the programmer may not be the
13 In lighting designs that have repeatable characteristics such as same person.
office lighting, sports lighting, factory lighting etc. there may
be requirements for certain illuminances in various planes. If 27 Some BMS systems for an entire installation operate local
such requirements are implicit in the contract, they must be lighting control systems for parts of an installation. As several
checked by the use of calibrated light meters, placed at the parties may be involved, a check for total integration of the
correct angles to the planes of reference and at the right systems must be made.
increments on a grid. Separate sheets should be drawn up 28 Staff must be trained in the operation of lighting systems. The
recording these values. See BS 667(9) for a publication giving O&M manual must include the settings of the systems and the
recommendations for this measurement process. policy for altering them in the future.
18 Lighting

RIBA Stages of work Code L Sections

A: Appraisal of client needs

B: Strategic brief

C: Outline proposals
1.1 Appoint commissioning manager if required

D: Detailed proposals
1.2 Check design for commissionability and ease
of maintenance (designer to alter if necessary)
E: Final proposals

F: Production information

G: Tender documentation

H: Tender action

J: Mobilisation – let contract

K: Construction to practical
completion:

Early planning stage 1.1 Form commissioning management team

– agree communication pathways
1.2 Write checklist of commissioning activities
– assign responsibilities
1.3 Write commissioning method statement(s)
1.4 Devise commissioning timetable

Installation stage 2.1 Write pre-commissioning checklist

2.2 Perform mechanical and electrical checks
2.3 Certify that installation is ready for
commissioning

Commissioning stage 3.1–3.4 Commission interior, emergency and

exterior lighting (as specified) and
lighting controls as defined by the
commissioning method statement
3.5 Check relationship with shading, if installed
3.6 Measure illuminance if required by contract
4 Handover – witness operation of systems,
ensure all documentation is complete,
train operators

L: After practical completion 5 Post-occupancy checks and fine tuning

Figure LA2.3 Flowchart of construction process including RIBA stages of work

Appendix LA3: Example commissioning method statement 19

Appendix LA3: Example commissioning method statement for lighting

system with automatic controls

Note: This is an example of a possible commissioning — Provide technical advice and assistance with the
method statement. In practice, the responsibilities of the setting up of the lighting system and agree suitable
parties will vary depending on the contractual framework. programs (where appropriate).

LA3.1 Pre-commissioning checks LA3.2 Commissioning

The installer shall certify that the following checks have The commissioning engineer shall:
been completed prior to commissioning by the — Ensure that all lights are working and that all
commissioning engineer (a signed checklist is switch labels are correct.
recommended showing completion date of check):
— Check the manual and automatic operation of
— All luminaires installed as per design and with the automatic switching units, lighting connection
correct orientations units and presence detectors, including end-user
controls — on larger projects this can be done on a
— All automatic switching units and lighting
sampling basis sufficient to prove the correct
connection units fitted and signal bus wires operation of controllers and switching units.
connected (if appropriate) with necessary labelling
— Program area control units (if not already
— All channel dials and function switches set programmed by the manufacturer on or off-site)
correctly and prove their operation.
— All sensor level switches set correctly — Ensure that all devices and area controllers are
— All luminaires wired or plugged into correct loaded into the central system (if appropriate) and
circuits and automatic switch units (where can be identified.
appropriate) with appropriate labelling and correct — Program central controller (if not already
lamps fitted programmed on or off-site) and prove correct
operation of both time and solar operation.
— All local override switches, PIR and solar detectors
etc. plugged into local control units (if appropriate) — Ensure that all time and seasonal operations that
cannot be checked directly e.g. daylight-saving
— All area control units (if any) installed and area settings, calendars (including leap years), seasonal
switches wired and labelled variations etc. appear to be set correctly.
— Mains supply is available to all lighting control — Schedule and perform additional post-handover
units and area controllers and mains voltage is checks where required (e.g. seasonal checks).
stable and fit for regular use.
— Explain the system and demonstrate operation to
The pre-commissioning checklist should be passed to the maintenance personnel and end users as required
by prior agreement with client representative.
commissioning engineer and can form part of the O&M
manual. In addition: — Ensure that maintenance personnel are conversant
with access equipment required.
— The designer shall provide building plans to
installers, manufacturers and commissioning
engineers as required. LA3.3 Witnessing, certification and
— The designer shall produce a sheet detailing the handover
assumptions made as part of the design, including
the method used for calculating maintenance The commissioning engineer shall:
factors, for inclusion in the O&M manual.
— Arrange for the designer and a client
— The designer shall provide details of access representative to witness a representative sample
equipment and precautions to be taken for safe of the system operation.
access. Risk assessments may be required for — Hand over specified spare lamps and accessories.
maintenance.
— Complete a system commissioning completion
— The client representative shall ensure that certificate and have it witnessed by the designer
information regarding daily time programmes is and client (user) representative and include in the
available. O&M manual. Note: The installer should also sign
this certificate or a separate pre-commissioning
The commissioning engineer shall: certificate to certify that installation is complete.
— Generally examine the wiring and bring any faults — Complete as-installed diagrams and include in the
to the attention of the installer. O&M manual.
20 Lighting

Appendix LA4: Sample completion certificates

System name: Installation company: Company name

Contact details including address and telephone number

System pre-commissioning completion certificate

Project:

Project number:

Phase/area:

The (name or describe) system installed in the above building has been fully installed and is ready for
commissioning. It has been installed in accordance with the previously agreed specification and/or functional
description of the system and design intent (add reference if available)
The items indicated below were checked and found to be installed to specification: OK N/A

Headings: Items:

Refer to section L2 for typical items that might be checked

during pre-commissioning. All items should be project specific.

Installer:

Witnessed by: Position: Lighting designer

Company: Date:

Witnessed by: Position: Commissioning engineer

Company: Date:

Notes:

Figure LA4.1 Sample pre-commissioning completion certificate

Appendix LA4: Sample completion certificates 21

System name: Commissioning engineer: Company name

Contact details including address and telephone number

System commissioning completion certificate

Project:

Project number:

Phase/area:

The (name or describe) system installed in the above building has been fully commissioned and checked to be
operating in accordance with the previously agreed specification and/or functional description for the operation
of the system and design intent (add reference if available)
The items indicated below were checked and found to be installed to specification: OK N/A

Headings: Items:

Refer to Appendix LA2 for typical items that might be checked

during commissioning. All items should be project specific.

Commissioning engineer:

Installer (if pre-commissioning certificate is not signed):

Witnessed by: Position: Lighting designer

Company: Date:

Witnessed by: Position: Client representative

Company: Date:

Notes:

Figure LA4.2 Sample commissioning completion certificate

22 Lighting

Appendix LA5: Safety issues

LA5.1 Legislation — Personnel must receive adequate training in safety
matters before working on site.
Applicable legislation includes but is not limited to the — Site personnel must be issued with, and be trained
following: to use, appropriate safety equipment and personal
— Building Regulations Part L protective equipment, e.g. hard hat, safety boots,
eye protection, ear defenders, overalls etc, and
— Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 access equipment, where appropriate.
— Management of Health and Safety at Work — Wherever possible electrical equipment should be
Regulations 1999 isolated before working using locked-off and local
isolators. Live work should only be carried out
— Construction (Design and Management) when there is no reasonable alternative.
Regulations 1994
— Cordon off live electrical panels and display
— Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) warning notices.
Regulations 1992
— Ensure that remotely controlled plant or other
— The Working Time Regulations 1999 equipment is clearly labelled and made safe during
testing
— Electricity at Work Regulations 1989
— Personnel should stand on rubber mats when
— Personal Protective Equipment at Work working on live panels.
Regulations 1992
— Use of adequate safety barriers when working on
— Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) live equipment.
Regulations 1992
— Use a ‘permit to work’ system.
— Where possible use two-man working. In certain
LA5.2 Good practice conditions two-man working is mandatory, e.g.
working on live equipment.
Good practice safety procedures include the following:
— Ensure that a responsible person on site is aware of
— Risk assessments should be performed and the location of the commissioning personnel and
resulting method statements produced. the nature of their work.
Appendix LA6: Notes concerning the design of lighting and lighting control systems 23

Appendix LA6: Notes concerning the design of lighting and lighting control
systems
LA6.1 Design for commissionability — Complexity of the system: systems whose mode of
operation is not intuitively obvious are likely to be
It is important that a system specifier is aware of the used at less than their optimum operational efficiency
requirements to ensure that a control system is inherently when new staff are responsible for their operation.
commissionable. The involvement of a commissioning
engineer/designer at the design stage should be considered — Accessibility: luminaires in difficult to reach
where in-house experience is not sufficiently comprehensive. positions (e.g. on roofs of atria, external fitments
not at ground level) should be designed with long-
Issues that impinge on the commissionablity of a control life lamps and have a well thought out and
system include the following: documented procedure for re-lamping.
— Appropriate control strategies and set points: — If directional luminaires are used to create an
control strategies should reflect the work patterns effect, attention must be considered as to whether
and needs of the users. Set points should take into the user has the personnel to maintain the
account the task lighting requirements. installation. In some cases a maintenance contract
— Packaged systems: a number of ‘packaged’ should be considered.
systems, e.g. so-called intelligent luminaires, are
available that may be pre-configured and pre- — Stock efficiency: a complex lighting scheme with
commissioned. However, consideration will have many different lamp types (and especially unusual
to be given to interfacing issues should packaged lamp types) will require a large stock storage
systems use control equipment supplied from facility — or long intervals with failed lamps
different vendors. Also, off-site co-ordination before replacements are sourced. Where possible
issues must be addressed. and practical, the number of different lamp types
— Interaction with existing or other control should be kept to a minimum.
equipment: manual override, fire, emergency.
— Sensor type and location: it is important that the LA6.3 Design for energy efficiency
correct type and accuracy sensor is used for the
intended application. Particular attention should and user satisfaction
be paid to ensuring that sensors are located in
positions that allow a representative measurement In order to minimise energy consumption it is important
to be made. Photoelectric lighting sensors should that lighting systems do not provide more lighting than is
not be placed such that direct sunlight can fall on needed for the task and visual amenity, and that they are
them. A sufficient number of sensors should be controlled properly. This requires that the set-up and
used so that zones of roughly similar daylight operation of a control system is checked in order to avoid:
levels are controlled from one sensor. Passive
infrared occupancy or presence sensors should be — Unnecessary periods of lighting operation
have a ‘line of sight’ to all areas lit by the
— Poor control of set points.
luminaires they control (this is not needed for
acoustic or microwave sensors).
However, too frequent switching of lighting by automatic
systems, or too large an illuminance difference after
LA6.2 Design for maintenance switching, are both detrimental to user satisfaction.
Lighting control strategies must balance energy efficiency
A number of issues affect the ease of maintenance of a requirements with human factors. See also GIR 92 Energy
lighting system. These include: efficiency in lighting — an overview(16).
INDEX

Ballasts, dimming 16
Back-up, software 16
Basic operator 10
Beam width, lamp 12 15
Bibliography 11
Blinds, automated 8
BMS — see Building management system
Bridges, network 8
BS 667 7 17
BS 5266 4 7

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Index Terms Links

BS 5489 15 17
BS 7671 4 6 15 17
Building control bodies 5
Building management system 1 8 13 16
17
Building log book 1 10
Building Regulations 4 10 18 22
Bulk lamp changing 10

Cables, screened 8
Cabling 15
Calibration, sensor 7
Car park lighting 12
Central controllers 8 19
Certificate, commissioning 14 19 21
Certificate, pre-commissioning 6 19 20
Change records 6
Channel dials 6 19
Checklists 5 7 9 14
19
Checks, post-occupancy 10
Checks, pre-commissioning 4 6 13
CIBSE Commissioning Code C 5
CIBSE Commissioning Code M 5
CIBSE Guide to ownership, operation and
maintenance of building services 10
CIBSE/SLL Code for lighting 8 12 17
CIBSE/SLL Lighting Guide LG3 12 17
CIBSE TM 31 10
Client 4 10 13
Client’s representative 6 19
Colour filters — see Filters
Commissionable system 1 14 23
Commissioning (definition) 1
Commissioning checklist 5
Commissioning completion certificate 1 9 19 20
Commissioning engineer 9 14 19 23
Commissioning management 1
Commissioning management team 5
Commissioning manager 1 12 13 14

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Index Terms Links

Commissioning method statement 1 4 5 7

14 19 22
Commissioning plan 2
Commissioning specification 1 2
Commissioning tasks 9 12
Commissioning timetable 2 5 6 14
Communication networks 8
Communication ‘path ways’ 5 14
Completion certificates 1 9 14 20
Complexity of system 23
Compliance with Building Regulations 5
Communications bus 2
Compact fluorescent lamps 12
Completion certificate 14
Configuration (definition) 2
Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 1994 22
Construction phase 14
Construction schedules 4
Contracts 1 4 9 10
Contractual obligations 5
Control band 8
Control gear 6
Controlled illuminance 2
Control panels, off-site commissioning 6
Control signal cables 16
Controls, lighting 5 7 19 23
Control system 4 5 12
Control system engineer 12
Control strategy 2 9 10 23
Co-ordination of luminaire positions 6
Co-ordination, strategic 6
Co-ordination with other services 14
Correlated colour temperature 2 12
Corridor link 2
Cover plates 6
Critical path analysis 2 6
Critical points in commissioning process 6
Currents, checking 15

Data corruption 8
Data logging 8
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Index Terms Links

Data sheets 9
Daylight linking 7 19 23
Declaration of conformity 5
Default control settings 8
Design and build project 12
Design criteria 2 4
Design drawings 6
Design intent 2
Design of lighting control systems 23
Design quality 6
Definitions 1
Digital multiplex system 2 16 17
Dimming 2 7 16 17
Directional luminaires 23
Disability glare 15
Distribution boxes 15
Documentation 4 9

Efficiency of lighting 6
Electrical checks 6 22
Electrical contractor 5 12 13
Electrical safety 4
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 22
Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 6
Emergency lighting 4 6 7 15
17
End-user operated systems 7 19
End-user training 14
Energy efficiency 5 12 23
Energy efficiency in lighting — an overview 23
Energy targeting/monitoring 8
Ethernet 16
Exterior lighting 7 17
External light monitor 2

Facilities managers 14
Factory lighting 17
Fail-safe/emergency control routines 7
Field control device (definition) 2
Filter holders 6
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Index Terms Links

Filters, colour 15 17
First fix 17
Fit-out 2 6
Flexibility (definition) 2
Flicker as a result of dimming 7
Flood lighting 6 12 15 17
Fluorescent lamps 15
FM radio switches 16 17
Focusing of equipment 4 7 13 15
Function switches 6 19

Gateway (definition) 2
General checklist 14
Glare 6 12 17
Good practice 1 22
Graphics, changing 10
Group dependence (definition) 2

Handover 2 6 19
Handover report 9
Hard points 2
Hard-fired (definition) 2
Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 22
Health and Safety (Display Screen Equipment) Regulations 1992 22
Health and safety file 9
HID lamps 2 12
High-frequency control gear 2
Human factors 23
Hypothetical examples of lighting commissioning 12

IEE Wiring Regulations 4

Illuminance, controlled 2
Illuminance measurement 4 7 8 10
15 17
Illuminance ratios 17
Illuminance trigger levels 16
Information flow, smooth 5
Infra-red (definition) 3

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Index Terms Links

Inspection of building services 4

Installation certificate,emergency lighting 4
Installers 14 19
Instructions 9
Integrated numbering system 17
Intelligent luminaires 2 7 23
Intent, lighting design 4
Interior designer 5 13
Interior lighting 7
Intermediate operator 10
Internal light sensor 3
IR (infra-red) (definition) 3
Isolation of electrical equipment 22

Labelling 6 17 19 22
Lamps 4 6 8 15
16 17 19 23
Leading-edge dimmer 3
Lease documents 10
Legal requirements 1 22
Lighting and shading 8
Lighting connection point 3
Lighting connection units 19
Lighting controller 3
Lighting designer 3 5 9 13
14 17
Lighting in the countryside, towards good practice 17
Lighting structures 17
Light level switching 17
Light meters — see Illuminance measurement
Light trespass 12
Live working 22
Local control unit (definition) 3
Location changes, proposed 14
Log book, building 1 10
Logic diagrams 9
Low voltage (definition) 3
Low voltage controllers 17
Lumen-maintenance systems 7
Luminaire manufacturer 12

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Index Terms Links

Luminaires 4 6 8 14
15 16 19
Luminances 15

M&E consultant 5
Main contractor 5 12 13 14
Mains-borne signalling 3
Mains wiring 6
Maintenance 4 10 12 14
15 23
Maintenance contract 23
Maintenance factor 3 19
Maintenance staff 14 19
Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 22
Manual controls 7
Manual override for blinds 8
Manufacturer, specified 6
Marshalling box (definition) 3
Mechanical checks 6
Method statement — see Commissioning method statement
Miniature circuit breaker (definition) 3
Modular wiring (definition) 3
Multimedia contractor 13
Multimedia equipment 12
Museum lighting 12

Network resilience 8
Niches, lighting 13

Occupancy detection 3 7
Occupancy programmes, changing 10
Office buildings, speculative 6
Office lighting 12 17
Off-site tasks 6 14 23
Operating and maintenance manual 3 9 14 17
19
Operator training 10 16
Operator workstation 3 8

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Index Terms Links

Orientation, luminaire 17
Outstations 3 8
Override functions 3 8 19

Passive infra-red detection 3 12 16 17

19 23
Packaged systems 23
Passwords, software 8
PC-based controls 7
Performance testing (definition) 3
Permit to work system 22
Personal protective equipment 22
Personal Protective Equipment at Work Regulations 1992 22
‘Person responsible’ 5
Phased completion 6 9
Phosphors 6 15
Photocells 3 12 16 23
PIR — see Passive infra-red detection
Plan, commissioning 5
Planning permission 6
Plans, building 19
Plasterers 6
Point data (definition) 3
Points list 9
Portable light meter 7
Post-handover phase 14
Post-occupancy checks 10
Post-occupancy evaluation 10
Practical completion 3 7
Pre-commissioning 2 6
Pre-commissioning certificate 6 19 20
Pre-commissioning checks 6 14 19
Predictive occupancy control 3
Programming, control system 4 13 17
Pre-handover 14
Preset rack control system 16
Project management 5
Project meetings 14
Purpose of the Code 1
Push button controls 7

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Index Terms Links

Radio frequency (definition) 4

Raise and lower gear 6
Ramp speed (definition) 4
Rating, lamp 6
References 11
Regulation (definition) 4
Re-lamping, method of 23
Relationship between lighting and shading 8
Remote control gear 15
Report generation software 8
Responsibility, overall 5
Responsible person 22
RF (radio-frequency) (definition) 4
RIBA stages of work 14 18
Risk assessment 14 19 22
Routers, network 8
Rubber mats 22

Safety chains and cords 6 17

Safety, electrical 4 22
Safety issues 22
Scene setting 4 8
Scene settings, record of 9
Schedules, construction 4
Schematics, building 8
Scope of the Code 1
Seasonal variation 10 19
Second fix 17
Security lighting 7
Security staff override 7
Segregation, electrical 6
Sensors 6 7 19 23
Servicing, instructions for 10
Set points 10 23
Shading and lighting 8
Show controller 4 13 16 17
Signal bus 2 19
Signature 12 13 14 15
16

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Index Terms Links

Site visits 13
Soft points 2
Software pre-commissioning 6
Software release, correct 8
Solar detectors 19
Specific checklist 12 13
Specification (definition) 4
Specification ‘breaking’ 6
Specifications, commissioning 1 2
Specific checklist 15
Speculative office buildings 6
Speed of communication networks 8
Spill light 6
Sports lighting 15 17
Spot lamps 15
Stability of mains supply 19
Stages required to commission 1
State of the system 6
Statutory requirements 1 22
Stock efficiency 23
Street lighting 15 17
Sub-contracts, disadvantages of 5
Substitutions, equipment 6 14 17
Surface removable luminaires 15
Surface-to-luminaire offsets 13 15
Sweep-off 7
Switches 6 15 17 19
Switching, ON/OFF (definition) 4
Switching frequency 23
Switching times 16
System back-up 10
System handover 8
System integration (definition) 4
System operator 10
System upkeep, instructions for 10

Technical advice, provision of 19

Telephone based controls 7
Termination resistors 16
Testing 4 22
Third party management software 8
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Index Terms Links

Threshold increment 15
Time-delay settings 7
Time programmes, changing 10
Time schedule 4
Time switches 12 15 17
Timetable, commissioning 2 5 6 14
Time taken for commissioning 6
Track, lighting 6 15
Trailing-edge dimmer (definition) 4
Training 10 14 19 22
Trend logs 10 11
Trigger levels, illuminance 16

Uniformity 15
Unitary control devices 4 8
Update instructions 10
User-adjustable points 9
User satisfaction 23

Verification of handover of back-up copies of software 9

Verification of handover of operating manuals 9
Verification of lighting installation performance 8
Verification of system operator training requirements 9
VDT lighting 12

Wall washing 12 18
Warning notices 22
Wiring 19
Wiring diagrams 6
Witnessing arrangements 8 9 14 19
Working Time Regulations 1999 22
Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992 22

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