292 McGraw-Hill Education: SAT

• •
I f bag A weighs 4 pounds 5 ounces and bag B weighs (x - 9)(x - a) = x2 - 4ax + b
6 pounds 2 ounces, how much heavier, in ounces, is
I n the equation above, a and b are constants. I f the
bag B than bag A? (1 pound = 16 ounces)
equation is true for all values of x, what is the value

I I I I I
of b?
A) -27
B) - 1 2
•
C) 12
3a + b 7 . a
If-- = -, what 1s the value of - ? D) 27
b 5 b

I I I •
If � + 7_ = l , what is the value of x?
..
x 5
2x A) - 2 5-

I f x - 2y = 10 and x ""' 0, what i s the value of --

? 2
y+5 B) -7
24
I I I
C)
7
D) 7
• 5
I f a - b = 4 and a2 - b2 = 3, what is the value of a + b? 1D1

I I I
(p + 2)2 = (p - 5)2
The equation above is true for which of the following
values of p?
.. A) -2 and 5
I f 6 gricks a re equivalent to 5 merts, then 2 merts are
B) 2 and -5
equivalent to how many gricks?
C) 1 . 5 only

I I I D) 5 only

• •
3x . .
If the fu nction {x} is defined by the equation {x} = If --- = 2 for all pos1t1ve values of m and n, then
m - nx
(1 - x)2, what is the value of {{4}}?
which of the following is equal to x?

I I I A) 2m - 2n
3
• B) 2m - 3
2n
a+b a+c . b 3 + 2n
I f -- = 3 and = 5 , what 1s the value of - ?
-- C)
b c c 2m
2m
D)
3 + 2n
CHAPTER 7 / THE SAT MATH TEST: THE HEART OF ALGEBRA 293

Exerc ise Set 2 (Ca lcu lator)

IFI
Let m b e a positive real number. Increasing m by Subtracting 3 from a number and then multiplying
60% then decreasing the result by 50% is equivalent this result by 4 is equivalent to multiplying the origi­
to dividing m by what number? nal number by 4 and then subtracting what number?

I I I I I I I I I I
Ill I n a poker game, a blue chip is worth 2 dollars more
What is the sum of the first 50 positive even integers? than a red chip, and a red chip is worth 2 dollars
more than a green chip. I f 5 green chips are worth m
dollars, then which of the following represents the

I I I I I value, in dollars, of 10 blue chips and 5 red chips?

A) 50 + 3m
B) 18 + 60m
ID
C) 40 + 3m
Three years ago, Nora was half as old as Mary is
now. I f Mary is four years older than Nora, how old D) 28 + 20m
is Mary now?

I I I I I
A train travels at a n average speed of 50 miles per
hour for the first 100 miles of a 200-mile trip, and at
an average of 75 miles per hour for final 100 miles.
What is the train's average speed for the entire trip?
A) 58.5 mph
I f 2/3 of the seats at a football stadium were filled
B) 60.0 mph
at the beginning of the game, and at halftime 1,000
spectators left, leaving 3/7 of the seats filled, what is C) 62.5 mph
the total number of seats i n the stadium? D) 63.5 mph

m
Which of the following is equivalent to 3m(m2 x 2 m)
for all real values of m?
A) 3m2 + 6m
I f three candy bars and two gumdrops cost $2.20, B) 3m2 x 6m
and four candy bars and two gumdrops cost $2.80,
C) 3m3 x 6m2
what is the cost, in dollars, of one gumdrop?
D) 6m4

I I I I I m
If the cost ofliving in a certain city increased by 20% in
the 10 years from 1980 to 1990, and i ncreased by 50%
DI in the 20 years from 1980 to 2000, what was the per­
x 2 - 2x + 1 cent increase in the cost of living from 1990 to 2000?
If = - 3, what is t h e value of x - 1?
2 - 2x
A) 1 5%
B) 20%

I I I I I C)
D)
25%
30%