EXPLORING THE LATEST CONDITIONS OF ENDANGERED

PLANTS IN QUIRINO PROVINCE

Presented to

Saguday National High School

Senior High School

Saguday Quirino

In Partial Fulfillment Of The

Requirement In

Practical Research 1

(Qualitative Research)

By

RAYMUND J. AMBROCIO

Grade 11 STEM Karunungan

CHARINA S. MEDINA

Research Adviser

January 21,2019
Acknowledgedment

In doing a research is not easy, "a journey of a thousands miles begins and starts with

a single step". Many challenges and trials I faced but through the help of my research

adviser Ma'am Charina S. Medina in approving my permission letter also to our

principal Dr. Francisca B. Alcalde to conduct my study in qualifying and validating my

research questions and survey questionnaires. I used these as tool and instrument in

gathering data and information about my research study entitled "EXPLORING THE

LATEST CONDITIONS OF ENDANGERED PLANTS IN QUIRINO PROVINCE" without

them, I did not finish or start this study. Also, with Ma'am Sheryl T. Guilao in giving

and supplying informations about my study.

However, friends are still there to help you. To my classmates Cherry Fhaye Olonan,

Sheerah Joy Turingan and Jordan Dulatre for being a photographer during the

interview sessions and being a driver. Without them, I can't go to the Provincial

Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) of Diffun and eventhough the

climate is too hot.

Jomel G. Corpuz is the only one who pushed and inspired me in continuing this

research study. Yet, it's too hard, expensive and a lot of time consumed.

Indeed, all the experiences I faced was changed with happiness and enjoyment. Being

a researcher the goals in my society are to solve the problem of this study and make

a recommendations.
"A journey of a thousands miles begins with a single step". All the persons who

helped me has a great and big impact from me and also from my research
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page

Acknowledgement

Dedication

Table of Contents

CHAPTER

I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

A. Background of the study

B.Statement of the Problem

C. Scope and Delimitation

D. Significance of the study

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

A. Research Design

B. Sampling Procedure and Samples

C. Data Gathering Procedure

D. Data Analysis

APPENDICES A-G

RECCOMENDATIONS

REFERENCES
CHAPTER I

PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Background of the Study

Philippines has blessed with 7,107 islands that scattered everywhere. There are

different kinds of animals and plants species also beaches. However, it dishearting

because even the endemic species are being endangered. According to Tacio (2000),

Philippines has lost about 97% of original vegetation and more critical endangered

species. In the study of Holly Dublin (2019), endangered species is at risk of extinction

due to sudden rapid decrease in its population.

The Biodiversity Management Bureau (2019) stated that, our country is continues to

experience an alarming rate of destruction these are deforestation, land degradation,

climate change and pollution.

In the list of plants species, 6 ate endangered to the Philippines islands. These are

Cyathea HeteroChlamydea "tree fern", Almaciga, Bungang ipot, Kanyon " Luplupak ",

Philippine Date Palm and Philippine Camia. To protect and preserve these
endangered plants, there are provisions like the Republic Act No. 3571, which an act

to prohibit cutting, destroying or injuring planted growing trees, flowering plants or

shrubs in scenic value along public roads, plazas, schools, parks or in any other public

grounds. The Republic Act No. 9147, which an act providing for the conservation and

protection for wildlife resources and their habitats, and for other purposes.

In the 18 regions of the Philippines. Region II particularly Quirino Province also

contains endangered plants species. The Red Lauan and Tanguile trees.

The researcher prompted to study the endangered species of plants in Quirino

Province because the researcher wants to explore, discover and gather relevant

information, know the other type of endangered plants and describe the endangered

plants of Quirino.

Statement of the Problem

The researcher aims to describe the latest conditions of endangered plants in Quirino

Province.

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following research questions:

1. What are the different plants in Quirino that are considered endangered?

2. What are existing threats against these endangered plants species?

3. What are the challenges faced by the organizations in protecting and preserving

these endangered plants?

4. What are programs and projects made and planned by CENRO and PENRO about

protecting and preserving these plants species?

Scope and Delimitation

The study will focus on the exploring, discovering and describing the latest conditions

of the endangered plants in Quirino Province. It also seeks for the latest conditions of

endangered plants in Quirino including the threats being faced by organizations

which are responsible in protecting these endangered plants species.

Significance of the Study

Community. This study will further benefit the community especially to the residents

living near along the protected zone of endangered plants.

This can give them information on how to cultivate, protect and preserve these

endangered plants in our province. On the other hand, the results of the study will

help them on how to keep up the good conditions of endangered plants in Quirino

Province.

Agencies Involved. This study will further benefit the agencies which are involved in

protecting and preserving the natural resources. This can be atool for them to build a

plan that will protect and preserve into the future generations.

Future Researchers. The researcher expects that the results of the study will be an

instrument and tool for the future researchers in knowing more about continuously

changing conditions of endangered plants in Quirino Province.

Young Generations. The researcher expects that the results of this study will not be

ignore by young generation. In fact, they will be aware about the latest conditions of

endangered plants. Also, this can be a tool and instrument by the teachers in

teaching to the students.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

The Convention on Biological Diversity (2019) stated that, last 2007 there are 99

species were critically endangered, 187 endangered also they indicated 186

vulnerable as well as 64 threatened species. However, Joanna Dela Torre (2019) says

that, in the Philippines there are 6 endangered plants species these are Cyathea

HeteroChlamydea "tree fern", Almaciga, Bungang Ipot, Kanyon or Luplupak,

Philippine Date Palm and Philippine Camia.

According to Holly Dublin (2019), endangered species is at risk of extinction due to

sudden rapid decrease in its population. On the other hand, David Chandler (2018),

he found out that loss of habitat, invasive species, pathogens and disease,

environmental pollution and overexploitation of resources are cause of having

endangered species. Furthermore, the Biodiversity Management Bureau (2019)

stated that, our country is continues to experience an alarming rate of destruction

these are deforestation, land degradation, climate change and pollution.

In the study of Non Government Organization Region II (2007), they are already

implemented the Quirino Forests Carbon Project (QFCP) through this project, they

aims to restore the Quirino's ecology and biodiversity. Meanwhile, the Quirino is also

home to over 40 threatened animal species some of which can only be found within

the province. In addition, to Charlie Lagasca (2006), Quirino Forests cover is being

reduced by 80% and 3,545 hectares per year. Furthermore, Bien Dolom (2006), he

spoke in the philstar that Quirino province

forest is now critical condition since it is threatened by conversions and old growths.

Philippines Icons and Traditions (2018) says that, due to our willful destruction or

negligence our country's biodiversity is increasingly becoming endangered. However,

the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) reported that more

than half of the country's thousand plus species of animals are in danger and going to

extinct. Moreover, the United Nation Food and Agriculture Organization ( UN FAO)

said that, 7,665,000 hectares of the country is forested between 1990 and 2010, the

country lost an average of 54,750 hecters per year. Finally, Philippines Forests found

out that, 13,500 plants species are found representing 5% of the world's flora.

In the study of National Geographic Organization (2019), if species become

endangered there are 2 main reasons, the Loss of habitat and loss of genetic

variation. In addition to Science News Daily (2019), endangered species is a

population of an organisms which because its either in population or threatened by

changing environment.

According to Inga Brynildson (2019), the contribution of plants in earth are

photosynthesis, respirations, flow of energy through food chains and plants do not

make their own food. In the study of BGCI (2019), human kind has affecting the

planet in many ways. In fact, there are now many theats to the natural resources of

planet the habitat loass , invasive aliens and climate change.

Jusie Almaneih (2017) stated that, there are 12 ways to protect

endangered species educate your family about endangered species in your area,

recycle and buy sustainable products, grow native plants, reduce your personal

footprint, reduce your water consumption, do not buy plastics, pressure your civil

servants, volunteer your time to protect the wildlife in your area, do not purchase

products from company that are known polluters, black out the black market and do

not use herbicides and pesticides that are hazardous pollutants that may affect

wildlife at many levels.

In the study of Joshua Suico (2018), the Philippines is home to between 10,000 and

14,000 species of plants, many of these are endemic and also in trouble. Out of 97

endangered plants species, 57 are critically endangered.

According to German Carias (2010), scientists and conversationists there are 8

technologies to help and save endangered species. These are GPS Tracking device

into creatures, satellite imagery, gene therapy, drone technology, sound collection,
computer analysis, marine Sonography, agrochemical development and public

awareness.

The Biodiversity Management Bureau (2010) says that, Philippines is considered a

mega- diversity country rivaled only by a few countries in the world when it comes to

variety of ecosystems, species and genetic resources. However, Ferdinand Magellan

discovered that our country was totally covered with forests.

The UN Food and Agricultural Organization stated that, Deforestation is mainly

caused by destructive logging activities (both legal and illegal), fires slash burning

farming (more popularly known as " kaingin"), mining, volcanic eruption and pests

and disease.

According to the journal of Becarme (2018), Vice Governor May Calaunan said the

declaration, this aims to protect and preserve the province's rich biodiversity and the

remaining 47% forests cover as rated by the Conservative International Philippines.

Furthermore, she said that conversions of the forests and other natural

endocuments of the province contribute in many ways to the global effort to stop

global warming.

Anna Lawrence (1997) says that, shifting cultivation in the Philippines is widely

refferd to as kaingin-farmers in all areas attributed deforestation to kaingin rather

than to commercial logging.

In the journal of wordpress (2014), illegal logging is the harvesting, transporting,

processing and buying or selling of timber in violation of national laws.

The Food Agricultural Organization (2010) says that, 26% of the Philippines are

covered by forests and this percentage has been risingly from the past twenty years,

85% of the Philippines forests are owed whilst they remainder are privately owned.

According to Community Based Forests Management (2010), 47% of the Philippines

forests are community managed. Illegal logging is a significant problem and receives

extensive donostic media attention.

In the study of Conversion International (2010), Philippines is one of the world's most

threatened hotspots with only seven percent of it's original, of growths, closed

canopy forests left as a results of illegal logging, mining and land conversions. The

country's development irrigation, power and energy

projects and planned ports and harbors, need to be harmonized with biodiversity

conversions goods.

William Beebe (2017) says that, one's species is extinct, it cannot be bought back

again. When the last individual of a rare living beings breathes no make, another

heaven and another earth must pass before such a one can be gain.

Philippine Environment (2010) found out that, deforestation is a leading cause of

habitat destruction that negatively impacts biodiversity on an exporatid scale. Poorly

controlled logging and mining activities have created mostly irreparable damage to

forests cover.
CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design
The researcher used phenomenology approach under Qualitative research design.

According to the journal of Pavlov (2019), a Qualitative research is used to gain an

understanding of underlying reasons, opinions and motivations. However, Thomas

Groenewald (2000), a phenomenology is an approach that explores the world of

participants by gaining thoughts, insights and perceptions to a particular

phenomenon.

In addition the researcher described what plants that being endangered to our

province also he determined the latest conditions of the endangered plants and the

conditions of their habitual zones through the help of PENRO and CENRO.

Sampling Procedure and Samples

The researcher interviewed the personnel of Community Environment and Natural

Resources Office of Cabarroguis (CENRO) and Provincial Environment and Natural

Resources Office of Diffun (PENRO) using the structured questionnaires.

They are chosen to be the respondents because they are the organizations which are

responsible in protecting and preserving the endangered plants species.

Also, the researcher utilized purposive sampling wherein he asked the

available respondents in interview sessions during the visit at their offices.

Data Gathering Procedure

Before gathering the information about the latest conditions of endangered plants in

Quirino Province, the researcher was seeked approval from her research adviser and

to principal. The questionnaire has validated and qualified by the school Research
Committee (SRC). To solve and answer the problem, the researcher used of the

following plans.

1. The researcher went to the Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office

(PENRO) of Diffun and Community Environment and Natural Resources Office

(CENRO) of Cabarroguis and he asked the respondents personally about the latest

conditions of endangered plants in our province. Also, to know their method, plans

and strategies on how to care, preserve and protect these endangered plants species.

2. Interview questionnire used as a tool and instrument to collect a data and

information needed in the research study.

Data Analysis

The researcher used thematic analysis in the results of the study. Also, he collect and

gather all the information about the endangered plants in Quirino province and he

analyzed and categorized the answers according to the stated research questions

have given.

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND RECOMMENDATION

Results of the Study

1. Aside from Red Lauan and Tanguile, what other plants that are endangered to our

province?

According to the forester of Provincial Environment and Natural Resources Office

(PENRO) of Diffun there are 10 endangered plants in our province. These are

Manggachapui (Hopea acuminata), Mayapis (Shorea palosapis), Apitong

(Dipterocarpus grandiflorus), Ipil (Instia bijuga), Molave ( Vitex parviflora), Palusapis

(Shore palosapis), Kalantas (Toona calantas), Red Lauan ( Shorea negronsensis),

White Lauan (Shorea contorta) and Tanguile (Shores polysperma).

The Manggachapui, Red Lauan, White Lauan, Tanguile, Mayapis and Apitong are

now rare and they belong to Dipterocarp species while Ipil, Molave, Palusapis and

Kalantas will fall under Premium species.

"ang endangered plants sa ating province ay manggachapui, Red Lauan, White

Lauan, Tanguile, Mayapis at Apitong..pero bihira na silang makita at ito'y tinatawag

na Dipterocarp species. Ang Ipil, Molave, Palusapis at Kalantas ay mag fa-fall under

Premium species".

1.1 Where are the location of these endangered plants?

According to forester, the location of these endangered plants are in Municipality of

Nagtipunan, Municipality of Aglipay, Municipality of Cabarroguis, Municipality of

Maddela and Mountains of Diffun. Meanwhile, " Quirino are also home to over 40

threatened species some of which can only be found within the province", as Non

Government Organization Region II said. Furthermore, In the study of Joshua Suico

(2018), the Philippines is home to between 10,000 and 14,000 species of plants,

many of these are endemic and also in trouble. Out of 97 endangered plants species,

57 are critically endangered.

1.2 What are the possible benefits of these endangered plants species?

The forester says, the possible benefits of these endangered plants are for hardwood,

construction materials, it helps the community especially to the biodiversity, it helps

a lot in a life cycle of biodiversity, for watershed purposes, protection against

calamities like storm and landslide, it can be for carbon sink and it helps to regulate

the climates.The Dipterocarp species are grown as 30-50 meters with distinct crowns.

In fact, there are 7 benefits of these endangered plants species. Also, according to

Inga Brynildson (2019), the contribution of the plants in earth are photosynthesis,

respirations, flow of energy though food chains and plants make their own food.

However, According to the journal of Becarme (2018), Vice Governor May Calaunan

said the declaration, this aims to protect and preserve the province's rich biodiversity

and the remaining 47% forests cover as rated by the Conservative International

Philippines. Furthermore, she said that conversions of the forests and other natural

endocuments of the province contribute in many ways to the global effort to stop

global warming.

" Alam mo, itong mga species na ito ay for hardwood, construction materials siya...it

helps a lot!...for watershed purposes and for protection against natural calamities.

Pwede pa, it can be for carbon sink..alam mo yung carbon sink? napag aralan niyo na

yun?...At alam mo ang Dipterocarp species ay malaki at umaabot ng 30-50 meters

with distinct
1.3 What are the main causes of having endangered plants in our province?

According to the forester, the reasons why there endangered plants in our province

it's because of timber poaching and kaingin system.Indeed, as The UN Food and

Agricultural Organization says, Deforestation is mainly caused by destructive logging

activities (both legal and illegal), fires slash burning farming (more popularly known

as " kaingin"), mining, volcanic eruption and pests and disease. Also, Anna Lawrence

(1997) says that, shifting cultivation in the Philippines is widely refferd to as kaingin-

farmers in all areas attributed deforestation to kaingin rather than to commercial

logging.

"Ang mga causes nito ay timber poaching and kaingin....yan lang naman talaga ang

mga causes kung bakit nagkakaroon ng endangered plants."

2. What are the projects and programs that you have already implemented or

planned to preserve these species?

The projects and programs we have already made and implemented are the

Commutative Base Forests Management (CBFM), through this project they are giving

authority to the peoples organization community to cultivate, protect and care their

forests. The Restoration and Enrichment Planting (REP) within inadequately stock.

However, there is also project of Non Government Organization Region II in (2007),

they are already implemented the Quirino Forests Carbon Project (QFCP) through this

project, they aims to restore the Quirino's ecology and biodiversity.

But, there are provisions and laws to protect and preserve the endangered plants

species in our country. The Republic Act No. 3571 which an act to prohibit cutting,
destroying or injuring planted growing trees, flowering plants or shrubs in any scenic

value, plazas, schools, parks or in any other public ground. The Republic Act No. 9147

which an act providing for the conservation and protection for wildlife resources and

their habitats, and for other purposes.

" Marami na din ang projects and programs...ang unang program ay ang CBFM

(Commutative Base Forests Management)..we are giving authority to the peoples

organization within the community na sila na ang mag manage sa pangangalaga nila

ng mga kagubatan and then yung Restoration and Enrichment Planting (REP) within

the inadequately stock."

2.1 How many projects and programs since 2017? What are those?

According to the forester, in 2017, we have projects that are implemented only in

municipality of Nagtipunan this is the Restoration of naturally grown forests or

Assisted Naturally Grown Forests (ANR) and the Rainforestation . The Rainforestation

are naturally grown species or native species (endemic) while exotic species are do

not grow naturally occur in our province but the really we planted are native plants

species.

2.2 Are these programs and projects being realized by the residents? For how many

years?

The forester says, these projects and programs are realized by residents in 5 years .

Indeed, it was realized by the community through Commutative Base Forests

Management (CBFM).
" Matagal na rin siguro ito mga 5 years..na realized ito ng community through CBFM

supports".

3. What are the existing threats against these endangered species?

The forester says, the existing threats to these endangered plants species are timber

poaching and kaingin, these are still threats. In fact, The UN Food and Agricultural

Organization stated that, Deforestation is mainly caused by destructive logging

activities (both legal and illegal), fires slash burning farming (more popularly known

as " kaingin"), mining, volcanic eruption and pests and disease. Furthermore to

According to Community Based Forests Management (2010), 47% of the Philippines

forests are community managed. Illegal logging is a significant problem and receives

extensive donostic media attention.

" Ang existing threats parin ay ang timber poaching and kaingin system, that's the

really threats within this natural forests".

4. What are the challenges faced by your organizations in protecting and preserving

these plants species?

The forester says, the challenges we faced are how to strengthen people's

organizations and other stakeholders to become partners in preserving these plants

species and the very challenging part is how to institutionalize supports of other

agencies in protecting these natural forests.

4.1 in terms of natural calamities?

He says, in terms of natural calamities the one factor is typhoon because many of

trees species are being cut and fall down.

4.2 cultivation?

He says, in terms also in cultivation if kaingin have been expanded in forests it will

continues to expand and it will become agricultural production. This is the really

hardest challenge on how again to restore the forests Moreover,.Philippine

Environment (2010) found out that, deforestation is a leading cause of habitat

destruction that negatively impacts biodiversity on an exporatid scale. Poorly

controlled logging and mining activities have created mostly irreparable damage to

forests cover.

" In cultivation, kapag na kaingin na yung gubat, magiging expansion na ng

agriculture.. that's the really the expansion. "

Recommendation

In the 18 regions of the philippines, Region 2 particularly Quirino Province contains

endangered plants species and they are going to extinct in the next generations.

These are Manggachapui (Hopea acuminata), Mayapis (Shorea mayapis), Apitong

(Dipterocarpus grandiflorus), Ipil (Instia bijuga), Molave (Vitex parviflora), Palusapis

(Shorea Palusapis), Kalantas (Toona Kalantas), Red Lauan (Shorea negronsensis),

White Lauan (Shorea contorta) and Tanguile (Shorea polysperma).

The researcher would like to recommend the following. First, the Provincial

Environment and Natural Resources Office (PENRO) of Diffun and Community

Environment and Natural Resources Office (CENRO) of Cabarroguis should continue

their programs and projects with the stakeholders. The Commutative Forests Base

Management (CBFM) must adopt by the following municipalities Saguday, Aglipay,

Maddela, Cabarroguis, Diffun and Nagtipunan also the Restoration and Enrichment

Planting (REP) and the Assisted Naturally Grown Forests (ANR). Second, the

community should pursue to cultivate, protect and preserve their natural forests

keeping up the good conditions of endangered plants in our province. Third, the

future researchers will used this as tools and instruments to continue the

preservation of plants species and natural forests.

Furthermore, municipality of Saguday should start to make a projects and programs

about planting these endangered plants species because last 2010 they are already

extinct in our community.

Also, the organizations which are involved and responsible should distribute

seedlings in each municipality to save and make them a lot these endangered plants

species.

Quirinians should continue the projects and programs made by the organizations to

stop global warming and climate change. As our Vice Governed May Calaunan said,

"we must protect and preserve the province's rich biodiversity and the remaining

47% forests cover as rated by Conversions International Philippines".

Our goal as member of Quirino Province are restore and protect the Quirino's

ecology and biodiversity.

CHAPTER V

APPENDIX A

Permission Letter

January 30, 2019

Saguday National High School

FRANCISCA B ALCALDE

Principal IV Officer-In- Charge

To Ma'am Alcalde:

Greetings with Love and Peace!

May I have the honor to request a permission to conduct my research study entitled

EXPLORING THE LATEST CONDITIONS OF ENDANGERED PLANTS IN QUIRINO

PROVINCE ". This is an partial fulfillments of the requirements in practical research 1.

The researcher will utilized Depth- Interview to used as tool and instrument in

gathering data and information's.

All the respondents will be treated with utmost confidentiality.

Respectfully yours,

RAYMUND J. AMBROCIO

Researcher

Noted:

CHARINA S. MEDINA
Practical Research 1 Adviser

Approved:

FRANCISCA B. ALCALDE

Principal IV Officers In-Charge

APPENDIX B

Letter to the respondents

January 30, 2019

Dear respondents,

Greetings with Love and Peace!

The undersigned is currently conducting a research study entitled " EXPLORING THE

LATEST CONDITIONS OF ENDANGERED PLANTS IN QUIRINO PROVINCE". This is an

partial fulfillment of the requirements in Practical Research 1.

The researcher wishes to solicit your valuable assistance also with the needed data

through the attached questionnaires.

You are assured that every response will threated with utmost confidentiality and

only be used for the purpose of this research study.

Respectfully yours,

RAYMUND J. AMBROCIO

Researcher

APPENDIX C

Survey- Questionnaire of the research study

1. Aside from Red Lauan and Tanguile, what are the other plants that are endangered

to our province?
1.1 Where are the locations of these endangered plants?

1.2 What are the possible benefits of these plants species?

1.3 What are the main causes of having endangered plants species in our province?

2. What are the projects and programs that you have already implemented or

planned to preserve these species?

2.1 How many projects and programs since 2017? What are those?

2.2 Are these projects and programs being realized by residents? For how many

years?

3. What are the existing threats against these endangered plants species?

4. What are the challenges faced by your agencies in protecting and preserving these

plants species? In terms of

4.1 natural calamities?

4.2 cultivation?

APPENDIX D

CURRICULUM VITAE
References
Dela Torre, Joanna C. Endangered Plants and Animals in the Philippines. February 14,

2019, retrieved from www.academia.ed/31067462/Endemic-and-Endangered Plants-

in- the- philippines.

Status of the Philippines Biodiversity. Philippine Biodiversity Status. February 13,

2019, retrieved from htrps://bmb.gov.pH/388.Protection and Conservation of

Wildlife/ Facts and Figures/786-Status of the Philippine Biodiversity.

National Geographic. Endangered Species. January 12, 2019, retrieved from

https://www. national geographic. org/encyclopedia/endangered species.

Fact monster.com Science. Why- do- animals become endangered. January 12, 2019,

retrieved from https://www.Britannica.com/science/endangered- species.

Almaneih, Suise. 12 Things We Should All Do to Protect Endangered Species. February

14, 2019, retrieved from https://www.huffingpost.com/entry/12- things we- should-

all- do- to- prorect- endangered- species_us_58bd9c87e4b0abcbo2ce2067.

Suico, Joshua E. Endangered Plants of the Philippines. February 14, 2019, retrieved

from https://sciencing.com/endangered- plants- of- the- philippines-7297876.

Carias, German N. 8 Technologies That are Helping Save Endangered Species.

February 14, 2019, retrieved from https://the costaricanews.com/8- technologies-

helping- save- endangered- species/.

Environment: Philippine Biodiversity: Going- going, gone?. March 10, 2019, retrieved

from edgedavao.net/feature/298/04/07/environment- philippine-biodiversity- going-

going- gone/.
June' is Nature Conservation Month in Quirino. March 10, 2018, retrieved from

pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1009248.

Lawrence, Anna. Kaingin in the Philippines: Is it the End of the Forests?. March 10,

2019, retrieved from www.idi.org/publications/752- kaingin- philipiines- it- end-

forests.

The Caramoan Peninsula. Illegal Logging and Timber Pouching. March 10, 2019,

retrieved from savecaramoan peninsula.WordPress.com/ 2014/06/24/illegal-logging-

and- timber- poaching. Food and Agricultural org.

Philippine Biodiversity In Crisis. Crisis of the Philippine Biodiversity. March 10,

2019,retrievedfrom www.philstar.com/opinion/2010/10/18/621622/Philippine-

biodiversity-crisis.
APPENDIX G

APPENDIX F