Federal Board HSSC-II Examination

Computer Science Model Question Paper

(2nd Set Solution)
(Curriculum 2009)
SOLUTION SECTION – A (Q:1)

Q.1 Choose the correct answer i.e. A / B / C / D by filling the relevant bubble for each question
on the OMR Answer Sheet according to the instructions given there. Each part carries one
mark.
(Answers are underlined)

1. Which of the following phase of SDLC involves training of personnel to use the new system?
A. System Analysis B. System Implementation
C. System Design D. System Coding
2. Assume value is an integer variable. If the user enters 333.14 in response to the following
programming statement, what will be stored in value? cin >> value;
A. 333 B. 33314
C. 333.14 D. Compile time error
3. Which of the following Operating system is time bound and has a fixed deadline?
A. Embedded OS B. Distributed OS
C. Time sharing OS D. Real time OS
4. What will be the last phase in SDLC?
A. Planning B. Design
C. Maintenance D. Coding
5. Which of the following header file is included in program to use setw( ) function?
A. iostream.h B. stdio.h
C. iomanip.h D. conio.h
6. What will be the output of following program segment?
for (i = 1 ; i < 10 ; i = i + 5) ;
cout << i << " \ t ";
A. 11 B. 1 6
C. 1 6 11 D. Infinite iterations

7. In the following array definition, what value is stored in number [4]?

int number [5] = { 1, 2, 3 };
A. 0 B. 1
C. 2 D. 3
8. What will be printed after executing the following code?
int x = 5;
if ( x++ = = 5)
cout << " Five ";
else
if ( ++x = = 6)
cout << " Six ";
A. Five B. Six
C. FiveSix D. Compile time error

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 9. Which of the following is a valid declaration, if a string needs to be store 10 characters?
A. char S [0] B. char S [10]
C. char S [11] D. char S [12]
10. How many values a function can return at a time?
A. One value B. Two values
C. Three values D. Any number of values

11. A pointer is a(n):

A. Operator B. Data type
C. Keyword D. Variable
12. Which of the following pointer hold address of any type and can be type-casted to any data
type:
A. data B. void
C. NULL D. function

13. Which of the following is FALSE about destructor?

A. It does not accept any argument B. It deallocates memory of an object
C. It can be overloaded D. There is always one destructor

14. Ofstream is a(n):

A. Command B. Class
C. Object D. Method

15. Which of the following is used to open a file for writing and move the read/write control
immediately to the end?
A. ios :: ate B. ios :: in
C. ios :: app D. ios :: out

SOLUTION SECTION – B (Q:2)

Part – i: Write down three differences between multi-threading and multi-tasking.

Answer: (any three valid points)

Multi-threading Multi-tasking
1. In multithreading, CPU switching is Multitasking involves CPU switching
involved between the threads between the tasks
2. Threads share same memory and resources Processes share separate memory
3. Multithreading is faster Multitasking is slow as compared to
multithreading
4 Termination of thread takes less time. Termination of process takes more time.

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Part – ii: What is the role of Testing/ verification phase in System Development Life Cycle?

Answer: ROLE OF TESTING/ VERIFICATION PHASE (at least any three valid points)
• Testing/ verification phase in SDLC examines the system for functionality and quality by
discovering problems and errors.
• It evaluates the capabilities of code/programs.
• It helps to verify proper integration and interaction of each component in the system.
• It helps in reviewing of requirements, design, and code.
• It helps in identifying defects and ensuring they are addressed before system deployment.
• It also plays important role in lowering the maintenance cost of the system.
Part – iii: What is a named constant?
Write statements for the following values that create named constants: a) 3.14159 b) 1609
Answer: Named constant

A literal/ constant may be given name to represent in a program. A named constant is like a variable, but
its content is read-only and cannot be changed while the program is running. It is defined with a qualifier
const.
a) 3.14159
const float PI = 3.14159;
b) 1609
const int A = 1609;
Part – iv: The following C++ code has compile time errors. The line numbers are written along the
left column. They are not part of the program code. Identify and correct errors:
1 \* identify and correct errors *\
2 void main(void)
3 {
4 int a, b, s
5 char c = A;
6 cout << ”enter two numbers;
7 cin >> a >> b;
8 a + b = s;
9 cout << \n << s ;
10 }
Answer: Correct code (correction of six errors, each of 0.5 mark)
Line no. Error identification Error free Code
1 Wrong comment symbol /* identify and correct errors */
2 void main(void)
3 {
4 Missing statement terminator (;) int a, b, s ;
5 Wrong character variable initialization char c = ’A’;
6 Unterminated string constant (”) cout << ”enter two numbers ”;
7 cin >> a >> b;
8 Wrong expression syntax s=a+b;
9 Wrong use of escape sequence cout << “\n” << s ;
10 }

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Part – v: Differentiate between declaration and initialization of a variable with example.

Answer:
Declaration of a variable Initialization of a variable
1. Variable declaration specifies the name Variable is initialized when it is assigned
and data type of a variable to a compiler a value before use

2. Variable declaration gives details about The specified initial value stored in a
the properties of a variable variable to avoid garbage data
3. Example: Example:
int s; int s = 0; // initialize to zero
char ch; char ch = ‘Y’; // initialize to ‘Y’
Part – vi:
a) Write an if-else statement that assigns 1 to x if y is equal to 100, otherwise it should assign 0 to x.

Answer:
if ( y = = 100)
x = 1;
else
x = 0;
b) The following statement should determine if count is outside the range of 0 through 100. What is
wrong with it? if (count < 0 && count > 100)
Answer:
if (count < 0 | | count > 100)

Logical OR ( | | ) operator is required to determine, if count is outside the range of 0 through 100.

Part – vii: Write down three differences between break statement and exit( ) function.

Answer: (any three valid points)

break statement exit( ) function
1. It is a keyword and does not require any It is a built-in function requires a header file
header file to include stdlib.h to include
2. It is often used to terminate from the It is often used to terminate the program
control structure like loop, switch from anywhere in a program
statement
3. More than one break statements can be Only one exit( ) function will be executed in
executed in a program a program
4. Syntax: Syntax:
break; // exits from control structure exit (0) ; // exits program without any error

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Part – viii: Write down the output of the following program segments.

a) b)
int funny = 7, serious = 15; int i , j;
funny = serious % 2; for(i = 1; i <= 4; i++)
switch (funny) {
{
for(j = 1; j <= i; j++)
case 1: cout << "That is funny";
break; cout << i * i << " ";
case 7: cout << "That is serious"; cout << "\n" ;
break; }
case 30: cout << "That is seriously funny";
break;
default : cout << funny << endl;
}

Answer:
a ) That is funny

b) 1
1 4
1 4 9
1 4 9 16

Part – ix: What is the purpose of sizeof ( ) function? How do you find the size of an array?

Answer:

The sizeof ( ) function returns the size of the passed variable in memory. It provides the number of bytes
occupied by a variable according to the data type. It returns 2 for integer, 4 for float etc.
Size of an array:
It also returns the total number of bytes occupied by each element of an array.
Example:
int array [10] ;
cout << “size of an array is :” << sizeof (array);

Output: Size of an array is: 20

Note: Number of bytes reserved may vary depending on compiler (like turbo C++ reserves 2 bytes for
each integer element and Dev C++ reserves 4 bytes, both answers will be considered correct)

Part – x: Write down any three differences between string and array.

Answer: (any three valid points)

String Array
1. A string can hold items of only the character Arrays can hold items of any numeric
data type, hence considered as a set of data type such as set of integers, set of
characters. floating-point numbers.

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 2. String terminates with a null character (‘\0’). Arrays does not terminate with a null
character.
3. String size can have variable number of Arrays are of fixed size.
elements.
4. Syntax: char name [20]; Syntax: float marks [10];

Part – xi: What will be display after executing the following code?

int test (int x, int y)

{
return y % x ;
}
void main(void)
{
int a = 3, b = 70, c , d ;
c = test(a , b);
d = test(b , a);
cout << b << ”\t” << c << “\t” << d << endl;
}
Answer: (one mark for each value)
70 1 3

Part – xii: Compare local and static variables in terms of scope, lifetime, and storage duration.

Answer:
Local variable Static variable
1. Scope:
A local variable has block/ local scope, A static local variable exists only inside a
only limited to the function where it is function where it is declared (like a local
defined. variable).
2. Lifetime:
It is created at the point of definition and Its lifetime starts when the function is called
destroyed at the end of the block in and ends only when the program ends
which it is defined.
3. Storage duration:
It has automatic storage duration Its space is allocated only once in function
determines its lifetime and destroyed and the value of variable gets carried from
when the function exits. previous function call to the next function call

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Part – xiii: Write down the purpose of asterisk (*) in the following statements:

Answer:
a) distance = speed * time;

* used as the multiplication arithmetic operator. It gives the product of speed and time.
b) int *ptr = &n;

* used as the definition/ declaration of a pointer variable. It assigns address of variable n to a

pointer variable ptr. (Affecting variable ptr by storing memory address)

c) *ptr = 100;

* used as the dereference operator. It assigns 100 to the memory location whose address is
stored in ptr variable (Not affecting ptr, but the value ptr points to).

Part – xiv: What is the relationship between a class and an object?

Answer:
Class:
A class is a template for defining objects. A class is a user-defined datatype that has its own data
members and member functions. It defines the structure, properties, behavior, and contents of
the objects that belong to it. It specifies how instances are created and how they behave.
Object:
An object is an instance of a class by which we can access the data members and member
functions of the class. An object exhibits the properties and behaviors defined by its class.
Multiple objects can be created from one class.

Example: Car is a class with properties and functions. Honda and Toyota are objects of Car.

Part – xv: Write down three differences between a text file and a binary file?

Answer: : (any three valid points)

Text file Binary file
1. In text file, text, character, numbers are In binary file data is stored in binary
stored one character per byte in memory. format in memory.

2. Text files are used to store data more user Binary files are used to store data more
friendly. compactly.

3. In text file, a special character inserted after In binary file no such character is
the last character to mark the end of file. present.

4. Content written in text files is human Content written in binary files is not
readable. human readable and looks like
encrypted content.

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Part – xvi: What is stream? Write down the purpose of the following functions:
a) getline( ) b) get( )

Answer:
Stream:
C++ Input Output are based on streams, which are sequence of bytes flowing in and out of the
programs. In input stream, data bytes flow from an input source (e.g., keyboard, file) into the
program. In output stream, data bytes flow from the program to an output sink (e.g. console, file).
a) getline( )
getline( ) is a standard library function defined in <fstream.h> used to read a string or a line from
an input stream. It extracts characters from the input stream and appends it to the string object.
For example:
file1.getline(name,50); // reads a string name of 50 characters from file linked to file1
b) get( )
get( ) is a standard library function defined in <fstream.h> used to handle a single character. It is
used to fetch or read a character from file including blank space, tab, new line character etc.
For example: file2.get(ch); // reads a character ch from file linked to file2

SOLUTION SECTION – C

Note: Attempt any THREE questions. All questions carry equal marks. (3  8 = 24)

Q.3 (i) Explain the following functions of Operating System:

a. Memory management b. File Management
Answer:
a. Memory management
An operating system manages programs in the main memory and disk during process execution.
Memory is used to store instructions and processed data. The CPU fetches instructions from the
memory. Memory management is required to achieve multiprogramming and proper utilization of
memory. The operating system resides in a part of memory and the rest is used by multiple processes.
The following are some of the tasks performed by operating system:
• Allocate and de-allocate memory before and after process execution.
• Keep track of used memory space by processes.
• Minimize fragmentation issues.
• Proper utilize main memory by swap-in and swap-out processes from memory.

b. File management
An operating system is used to manage files and folders of computer system. A file is a collection of
specific information stored on secondary storage. File management is the process of manipulating,
creating, modifying, and deleting the files in computer system. The following are some of the tasks
performed by operating system:

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 • Create new files in computer system and place them at specific locations.
• Help to share files among different users.
• Store and manage the files in separate folders.

(ii) Write down four differences between pretest and posttest loops.

Answer: (any four valid points)

Pre-test loop Post-test loop
1. The test condition is evaluated before The test condition is evaluated after
executing any statement within the loop. executing all statements within the loop.

2. If the test condition is false, the loop Even, if the test condition is false, the
statements/ body of loop never execute. loop statements/ body of loop execute
once.

3. It is considered as entry-controlled structure. It is considered as exit-controlled

structure.

4. The for and while loop are pre-test loops. The do-while loop is post-test loop.
5. Example: Example:
cin >> marks; cin >> marks;
while ( marks > 0) do
{ {
s = s + marks; s = s + marks;
cin>>marks; cin>>marks;
} }
while ( marks > 0);

Q.4 (i) Write down four responsibilities of any two personnel involved in SDLC.

Answer: (any four valid points of each)

1. System Analyst Responsibilities:

i. Defines technical requirements by consulting with clients, evaluating procedures and

processes
ii. Implements computer system requirements by defining and analyzing system
problems
iii. Interacts with designers to understand software limitations
iv. Develops solution by preparing and evaluating alternative workflow solutions
v. Provides reference by writing documentation
2. Project Manager Responsibilities:

i. Ensures the development team has everything they need to get the work done.
ii. Manages meetings and communication with the client and the software development
team.
iii. Distributes the tasks among the members of development team
iv. Controls the development process, and coordinates team activities.
v. Responsible for time management and risk management etc.

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 (ii) Explain two-dimensional array. Initialize two-dimensional arrays of two different data types.
Answer:

Two-dimensional array:
A two-dimensional (2D) is an array of arrays. It is useful for storing multiple sets of data. It is
like several identical arrays put together. It is also known as matrix or table format, having rows
and columns of elements.
Column[0] Column[1] Column[2] Column[3]
Row[0] X[0][0] X[0][1] X[0][2] X[0][3]
Row[1] X[1][0] X[1][1] X[1][2] X[1][3]
Row[2] X[2][0] X[2][1] X[2][2] X[2][3]

The array has three rows (numbered 0 through 2), and four columns (numbered 0 through 3).
There are a total of 12 elements in the array. Following is the declaration of two-dimensional
array with two size declarators, one is for number of rows, and other is for the number of columns.
float X [3][4];
float represents, elements of floating type data
X is the name of an array
[3] represents number of rows
[4] represents number of columns
Initialization of Two-dimensional array:
i. int scores[3][4] = { {10, 20, 30, 40},
{14, 32, 52, 16},
{50, 24, 31, 47} };
ii. float numbers[2][3] = { {71.5, 28.2, 30.6 },
{9.34, 6.32, 85.6} };
Q.5 Write a program that computes and displays the charges for a patient’s hospital stay. The
program should ask if the patient was admitted as an in-patient or an out-patient.
• If the patient was an in-patient, the following data should be entered:
• The number of days spent in the hospital
• The daily rate
• Hospital medication charges
• Charges for hospital services (lab tests, etc.)
• If the patient was an out-patient the following data should be entered:
• Charges for hospital services (lab tests, etc.)
• Hospital medication charges
The program should use two overloaded functions to calculate the total charges. One of
the functions should accept arguments for the in-patient data, while the other function
accepts arguments for out-patient information. Both functions should return the total charges
to the main function.

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Answer:
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
float patient(int days, float rate, float medcharges, float hscharges);
float patient(float medcharges, float hscharges);
void main(void)
{
char p;
int days;
float rate, medcharges, hscharges, total;
cout<<"Enter I for in-patient or O for out-patient: ";
cin>>p;
if(p == 'I' || p == 'i')
{
cout<<"enter Number of days spent in the hospital: ";
cin>>days;
cout<<"enter Daily rate: ";
cin>>rate;
cout<<"enter Hospital medication charges: ";
cin>>medcharges;
cout<<"Charges for hospital services: ";
cin>>hscharges;
total = patient(days, rate, medcharges, hscharges);
cout<<"Patient total charges: "<<total;
}
else
if(ans == 'O' || ans == 'o')
{
cout<<"enter Hospital medication charges: ";
cin>>medcharges;
cout<<endl;
cout<<"enter Charges for hospital services: ";
cin>>hscharges;
total = patient(medcharges, hscharges);
cout<<"Patient total charges: "<<total;
}
getche();
}

float patient(int days, float rate, float medcharges, float hscharges)

{
float totalcharges;
totalcharges = (days * rate) + medcharges + hscharges;
return totalcharges;
}

float patient(float medcharges, float hscharges)

{
float totalcharges;
totalcharges = medcharges + HScharges;
return totalcharges;
}

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Q.6 (i) Explain inheritance with daily life example.
Answer:
Inheritance:
Inheritance is one of the most important features of Object-Oriented Programming. The capability of
a class to derive properties and characteristics from another class is called Inheritance. Inheritance
allows a new class to be based on an existing class. The new class inherits all the member variables
and functions (except the constructors and destructor) of the class. The class that inherits properties
from another class is called Sub class or Derived Class. The class whose properties are inherited by
sub class is called Base Class or Super class.

Consider a group of vehicles. We need to create classes for Bus, Car and Truck. The functions
fuelAmount( ), capacity( ), applyBrakes( ) will be same for all of the three classes. If we create these
classes avoiding inheritance, then we must write all these functions in each of the three classes.

This results in duplication of same code, increases data redundancy. To avoid this type of situation,
inheritance is used. We create a class Vehicle and write these three functions in it and inherit
remaining classes from the vehicle class. It will avoid the duplication of data and increase re-usability.
Three classes are inherited from vehicle class:

(ii) Define a class declaration named Inventory in a retail store with following members:

• Private members named item number, quantity, price, and total cost.
• Constructor to the class that initialize item number, quantity, and price to 0.
• Public member function get to accept data of item number, quantity, and price.
• Public member function display to calculate and print total cost of inventory

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Answer:
// Inventory class declaration
class inventory
{
private: // declarations of private members
int item_number;
int quantity;
float price;
float total_cost;

public: // declarations of public members

inventory ( )
{
item_number = 0;
quantity = 0;
price = 0;
}
void get (void)
{
cout<< “enter item number, quantity and price:”
cin >> item_number;
cin>> quantity;
cin>> price;
}
void display (void)
{
total_cost = quantity * price;
cout<< “total cost of inventory:” << total_cost;
}
};

NOTE:

This is suggested (proposed) solution to the questions given in SECTION-B and C.

Students can write any valid alternate answers.

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