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Experiment 02

This experiment aims to simulate a DC position control system using MATLAB/Simulink to analyze the step response. The system uses a potentiometer as the error detector, whose output is amplified and fed to an armature-controlled DC motor coupled to a load. Block diagrams and mathematical models of the system are developed. The simulation is performed by implementing the system model in Simulink using given component parameter values. The step response graph is obtained and time domain specifications are analyzed to characterize the system response.

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Somnath Biswal
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31 views6 pages

Experiment 02

This experiment aims to simulate a DC position control system using MATLAB/Simulink to analyze the step response. The system uses a potentiometer as the error detector, whose output is amplified and fed to an armature-controlled DC motor coupled to a load. Block diagrams and mathematical models of the system are developed. The simulation is performed by implementing the system model in Simulink using given component parameter values. The step response graph is obtained and time domain specifications are analyzed to characterize the system response.

Uploaded by

Somnath Biswal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT 02

AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT :

To simulate a DC position control system and hence to


find the step response using MATLAB.

SOFTWARE REQUIRED :

Simulink in MATLAB was used for this experiment.

THEORY :

DC position control system which we study here is used


control the position of shaft, by use of potentiometer
error detector. The error is to be amplified by the
amplifier and must be given to the armature controlled
motor whose shaft position will get controlled as per the
control signal. The motor shaft is coupled to the load
through gearing arrangement with ratio N1/N2. Position
control systems have innumerable applications namely
machine tool position Control, constant tension control
of sheet rolls in paper mills, control of sheet metal
thickness in hot rolling mills, radar tracking system,
missile guidance systems, inertial guidance. In armature
controlled DC servomotor the excitation of the field
winding is kept constant and torque is varied by varying
the applied voltage connected to the armature. Here the
servo system is used to position the load shaft in which
the driving motor is geared to the load to be varied.

FORMATION OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL:

Kp = gain of the potentiometer of error detector.

Ka = gain of the amplifier.

Kb = back‐emf constant.

Ki = torque constant.

J = equivalent moment of inertia of motor and load


referred to motor.

B = equivalent viscous friction of motor and load


referred to motor

For potentiometer error detector,

E(s) = Kp[R(s) ‐ C(s)]

For amplifier,

Ea(s) = KaE(s)

For armature controlled DC motor,


if = constant as flux Φ is constant.

T = Ktia

eb ∝ θ (angular displacement of the DC motor shaft)

eb = Kb dθ/dt

For the armature circuit,

eb = eb + La dia/dt + iaRa

Taking Laplace transforms,

Eb(s) = Kbsθ(s)

Ea(s) = Eb(s) + Ia(s) [Ra+sLa]

T = ktIa(s)

Now, torque is utilized to drive load = shaft of motor.

T = ktIa(s) = Jd2θ/dt2 + fdθ/dt

After simplification,

θ(s)/E(s) = (Kt) / s[Js+f] [Ra+sLa] + KtKbs

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
BLOCK DIAGRAM:

PROCEDURE:

1. Develop the complete block diagram of the given


schematic diagram of position control servomechanism
using Simulink.

2. Kp is the variable and set it to some suitable value to


simulate over, under damped conditions of the system.

3. From the response curve obtained determine the


time domain specifications.

SIMULATION:

kp = 24/π, ka = 10, kt = 6×10‐5 Nm/Amps, J = 5.4×10‐


5kg‐m2, f = 4×10‐4Nm rad/s

Ra = 0.1Ω, La = 0.001H, kb = 1

● Block Diagram‐

GRAPH:
CONCLUSION:

A DC position control system was simulated and hence


its step response was found successfully using MATLAB.

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