Modul Pre Intermediate
Modul Pre Intermediate
CONDITIONAL SENTENCE
Definition
A conditional sentence is a type of sentence that states or expresses a condition. A condition is something
that can only happen if something else (requirement) occurs. Conditional sentence is made up from a
dependent clause and independent clause. It usually contains the word if.
Kinds
There are two types of conditionals:
1. The real (factual and habitual), and
2. The unreal (contrary to fact)
If the students do not understand, they will raise their hand to ask.
Unless the students understand, they will raise their hand to ask.
The followings are the detailed explanations of the types of conditional sentences.
2. Type 1 Conditional
In type 1 of conditional sentences, you can also use modals in the main clause instead of the future
tense to express the degree of certainty, permission, or a recommendation about the outcome.
Example: If he calls you, you should come.
Practice 2: Match these sentences.
- If Sally is late again, a. if I have time.
- You will miss the bus b. I'll call the police.
- What will you do c. I'll shoot!
- Nobody will notice d. if you don't hurry.
- If you drop that glass, e. if you make a mistake.
- If you don't drop the gun, f. if you miss the plane?
- If you don't leave, g. it will break.
- I can finish that letter h. you should go.
- If he calls you, i. I will be mad.
3. Type 2 Conditional
The type 2 of conditional is used to refer to a time that is now or any time, and a situation that is
unreal. These sentences are not based on fact. It is used to refer to a hypothetical condition and its
probable result. In type 2 of conditional sentences, the if clause uses the simple past, and the main
clause uses the past future.
Conditional sentence of type 2 refers to situations in the present. An action could happen if the
present situations were different. We don't really expect the situation to change, however we just
imagine “What would happen if …“
4. Type 3 Conditional
The type 3 of conditional is used to refer to a time that is in the past, and a situation that is contrary
to reality. The facts are based on the opposite of what is expressed. The type 3 conditional is used
to refer to an unreal past condition and its probable past result.
If you had studied harder, you would have passed the exam.
If I had accepted that promotion, I would have been working in Milan.
If you hadn't lied to me before, I would have believed in you.
Test 1: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate verbs form in the parenthesis.
Type I
1. If I ________(to study), I ________(to pass) the exams.
2. If the sun ________(to shine), we ________ (to walk) to the town.
3. If he ________(to have) a temperature, he ________(to see) the doctor.
4. If my friends________(to come), ________(to be) very happy.
5. If she ________(to earn) a lot of money, she ________(to fly) to New York.
6. If we ________(to travel) to London, we ________ (to visit) the museums.
7. If you ________(to wear) sandals in the mountains, you ________ (to slip) on the rocks.
4 PRE − INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
8. If Rita ________(to forget) her homework, the teacher ________ (to give) her a low mark.
9. If they ________(to go) to the disco, they ________ (to listen) to loud music.
10. If you ________(to wait) a minute, I ________(to ask) my parents.
Type II
13. If Tim and Tom ________(to be) older, they ________ (to play) in our hockey team.
15. If Susan ________(to study) harder, she ________ (to be) better at school.
16. If they ________(to have) enough money, they ________ (to buy) a new car.
17. If you ________(to do) a paper round, you ________ (to earn) a little extra money.
18. If Joe ________(to get) more money, he ________ (to ask) Doni out for dinner.
Type III
21. If the weather ________ (to be) nice, they ________ (to play) football.
22. If we ________ (to go) to a good restaurant, we ________ (to have) a better dinner.
23. If John ________ (to learn) more words, he ________ (to write) a good report.
24. If the boys ________(to take) the bus to school, they ________ (to arrive) on time.
25. If the teacher ________ (to explain) the homework, I ________ (to do) it.
26. If they ________ (to wait) for another 10 minutes, they ________ (to see) the pop star.
27. If the police ________ (to come) earlier, they ________ (to arrest) the burglar.
28. If you ________ (to buy) fresh green vegetable, your salad ________ (to taste) better.
29. If Alex ________ (to ask) me, I ________ (to email) the documents.
30. If he ________ (to speak) more slowly, Peggy ________ (to understand) him.
12. You wouldn’t pass the examination unless you ________ hard.
a. studying b. study c. studied d. studies
13. She would have returned the book ________.
a. if you asked her c. unless you asked her
b. if you had asked her d. unless you had asked her
14. “Will you tell Mary about it?”
a. If I met her c. If I don’t meet her
b. If I meet her d. If I didn’t meet her
15. If you hurt him, I ________ something you.
a. I would have done c. I should have done
b. I might have done d. I would done
16. If I pass my final test, what ________?
a. you will buy for me c. will you buy for me
b. would you buy for me d. you would buy for me
24. If each student late to submit the papers, they wouldn’t be listed as candidates.
a. is b. were c. was d. have been
25. If Jane with us, she would have had a good time.
a. would come b. had come c. would have come d. came
26. ________ two waves pass a given point simultaneously, they will have no effect on earth other’s
subsequent.
a. So that b. That c. They are d. If
27. If the customer not satisfied, please have call the manager.
a. Am b. are c. is d. be
31. ____ a reservation, it’ll be impossible to get a hotel room this weekend because of the jazz festival.
a. Without you have b. If you have c. Unless you have d. Unless having
32. If potatoes is cultivated in every state, Idaho would produce the largest crop of all.
A B C D
34. The proposal would be submitted last week if the resignation of the director hadn’t made necessary
A B
to revise the entire set of options.
C D
35. If the new Congress involved itself in the issue of the environment, some plants and animal species
A B C
might have had a chance of surviving a few more years.
D
36. If the company appreciated Jane’s success in increasing the market share, he would not have
A B
thought of leaving the company.
C D
Drawing a conclusion and making facts
37. If my car were in a better condition, I would make a long trip. It may be concluded that I _______.
a. have to stay at home c. are enjoying the trip
b. prefer staying at home d. enjoyed the trip e. stayed at home
38. If there had been traffic lights at this intersection, there would not have been so many accidents. We
may conclude that ________.
a. drivers were always careful at this intersection d. traffic lights often doesn’t work
b. despite the traffic lights accident happen e. there are many traffic accident
c. we didn’t find traffic light at this intersection
39. If his mother had not been ill, Tony’d have joined the study tour to Jakarta. We conclude that Tony
________.
a. has just come back from the study tour d. went to Jakarta for study tour
b. left his sick mother at home e. refused to join the study tour to Jakarta
c. went to Jakarta after her mother had recovered
40. The sun always rises in the east.
Test 3: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate verbs form in the parenthesis.
1. If we had left the house earlier, they _________ (be; negative) so late getting to the ship.
2. If I finish the assignment before Saturday, I _________ (submit) it to my lecturer.
3. If I had seen the concert, I _________ (tell) you about it last night.
4. Had John not interfered in his brother’s problems, there _________ (be) peace between them.
5. She would give you the money if she _________ (have) it.
6. They would call you immediately if they _________ (need) help.
7. Had my mother arrived at the sale early, she _________ (find) a better dress.
8. If you have enough time, please _________ (clean) your room before you go to school.
9. They could go for a drive if today _________ (be) Sunday.
10. If I win the prize, it will be because I _________ (write) very well.
11. If your sister _________ (buy) that chocolate for you, will you be happy?
12. If she _________ (decide) earlier, she could have left on the morning flight.
13. Had I known his address, I _________ (write) him a letter.
14. If the roofer doesn’t come soon, the rain _________ (leak) inside.
15. If you _________ (see) John tonight, please ask him to call his mother.
16. If I _________ (do) a good job, I would get the raise.
17. My lecturer will not accept my work if I _________ (submit) it in late.
18. If we had known her, we _________ (talk) to her.
19. They would understand it if you _________ (explain) it to them more slowly.
20. If I _________ rich (be), I would travel around the world.
21. My cat always sleeps if it _________ (watch) drama on TV.
22. She would have understood her English teacher if she _________ (speak) slowly.
1. CLAUSE
Definition
Clause is a group of related words that contains at least a subject and a verb. On the other hand, if a
group of related words does not contain a subject with an attached verb, it is simply a phrase.
Kinds
There are two types of clauses:
Pattern : S + V (./?/!)
Example :
He ran. (Notice that while this sentence only contains two words, it is still a complete
sentence because it contains one word; subject and one word; predicate, that is also a
complete thought.)
He ran fast.
I was late to work.
The paper does not specify which type of format it must be in.
The instructor spent the class period reviewing the difference between independent and
dependent clauses.
Pattern : Conj. + S + V.
Dependent clauses add additional information to the main clauses, but they are not necessary to
form a complete thought.
Dependent clauses do not form a complete thought by themselves.
Although each of the dependent clauses has a subject and a verb, it does not express a complete
thought. As a result, it cannot stand alone.
A dependent clause often starts with a word that makes the clause unable to stand alone. These
words we call as subordinate conjunction like: until, because, although.
Subordinating conjunctions link an independent clause to a dependent clause.
Each subordinating conjunction expresses a relationship between the meaning of dependent clause
and the meaning of the independent clause.
Subordinating Conjunctions
Relationship Example
Unless, provided that, if, even if
Condition
Because, as, as if
Reason
Rather than, than, whether
Choice
Thought, although, even though, but
Contrast
Where, wherever,
Location
In order that, so, so that, that
Result, effect
While, once, when, since, whenever, after,
Time
before, until, as soon as
There are three different kinds of subordinate clauses: adjective clauses, noun clauses, and noun
clauses. Each of the dependent clauses will be discussed in the next pages.
2. SENTENCES
A. COMPUND SENTENCE
A compound sentence is a sentence that has at least two independent clauses joined by a comma,
semicolon, or conjunction. In other word, Compound sentence is formed by combining two independent
clauses. For examples:
Note that when independent clauses are joined, they need a coordinating conjunction between them.
Coordinating conjunctions include the following words: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so, etc.
When writing a compound sentence, we need to use a comma before the coordinating conjunction to
punctuate our sentence correctly.
The following example shows how this sentence pattern could be tested in structure questions on the
TOEFL or TOEIC test.
In this example you should notice quickly that there are two clauses, a power failure occurred and the
lamps went out. This sentence needs a connector to join the two clauses. Then, later, and next are not
The following chart lists the coordinate connectors and the sentence pattern used with them:
COORDINATE CONNECTORS
and but or so yet for
S V, (coordinate connector) S V
She laughed, but she wanted to cry.
B. COMPLEX SENTENCE
When a dependent clause is joined to an independent clause, it forms a complex sentence. The dependent
clause can come either at the beginning or the end of the sentence. For example:
Note that when we place the dependent clause at the beginning of the sentence, we need to put a comma (,)
after it. When the dependent clause is at the end of the sentence, no comma is required.
C. COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCES
As the name suggests, a compound-complex sentence brings both of these sentence forms together. That is,
it contains at least two independent clauses (like a compound sentence) and at least one dependent clause
(like a complex sentence). For example:
Erin loves her brother, and he loves her too because she pays his bills.
The dog ran off when I chased him, but I didn't care.
Though my mother says it doesn't matter, I am tall, and she is short.
Note that the dependent clause can be at the beginning, middle, or end of a compound-complex sentence.
No matter where it is placed, the punctuation follows the rules for both compound sentences and complex
sentences. That means we need to put a comma before the coordinating conjunction and, if applicable,
another comma after the dependent clause when it occurs at the beginning of the sentence.
See some additional examples to get a feel for how compound-complex sentences will help us add detail to
our writing:
EXERCISE 1: Each of the following sentences contains more than one clause. Underline the subjects
once and the verbs twice. Circle the connectors. Then indicate if the sentences
are correct (C) or incorrect (I).
________ 1. The software should be used on a laptop computer, and this computer is a laptop.
________ 2. The rain clouds can be seen in the distance, but no has fallen.
________ 3. They are trying to sell their house, it has been on the market for two months.
________ 4. So the quality of the print was not good, I changed the typewriter ribbon.
________ 5. The lifeguard will warn you about the riptides, or she may require you to get out of the water.
________ 6. You should have finished the work yesterday, yet is not close to being finished today.
________ 7. The phone rang again and again, so the receptionist was not able to get much work done.
________ 8. The missing wallet was found, but the cash and credit cards had been removed.
________ 9. Or you can drive your car for another 2,000 miles, you can get it fixed.
________ 10. The chemist was awarded the Nobel Prize, he flew to Europe to accept it.
EXERCISE 2: State which of the following sentences are compound and which are complex.
1. The house was destroyed in the fire, but the whole family was saved.
2. Walking through the wood, he saw a fox that was following him.
3. If I do not get this job, I will start a business.
4. He said that he was so disappointed that he would not try again.
5. The men who rule the world with their pens are mightier than those who rule the world with their
swords.
6. The evil that men do lives after them.
7. All that glitters is not gold.
EXERCISE 3: Decide the type (Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound-Complex) of sentence in the
following sentence.
PRACTICE 4: Using AND, BUT, OR, and SO. Directions: Choose the correct completion.
1. I was tired, _______ I went to bed.
A. but B. or C. so
2. I sat down on the sofa _________ opened the newspaper.
A. but B. and C. so
3. The students were on time, ________ the teacher was late.
PRACTICE 5: Using AND, BUT, and OR. Directions: Add commas where appropriate.
UNIT 3
GERUND (V-ing)
A. GERUND
Definition
Gerund is the –ing form of a verb. It is used as a noun. In a sentence, gerund can be in the positions of
subject, object, and adverb. It also, in a phrase, can be functioned as modifier of nouns and as head of
noun phrase.
Functions
I. Gerund as subject
Smoking is a bad habit.
S (gerund) V
notice
postpone, practice quit recall , recollect suggest
prevent report, resent, resist
resume , risk understand
B. The following verbs can be followed by either the infinitive or the gerund with no change in
meaning.
C. Verbs that can be followed by either gerund or to infininitive, but they have different meaning.
stop remember forget
When I was kid, I was so happy. I remember doing many great things with my frieds.
I remember buying some milk. (1. Do it, 2. Remember)
I remember to buy some milk. (1. Remember, 2. Do it)
Remeber to call me tonight! OK.
When I went down town. I asked my brother to take care my plants. He forgot to water the plants
and now they’re dead.
The following expressions contain the preposition to. The word to in these expressions must not be
confused with the to in the infinitive. These verbs + preposition to must also be followed by gerund.
UNIT 4
TO INFINITIVE (to inf)
Functions:
1. As a subject
To read is my hobby.
To drink mineral water is good for health.
To fish and (to) watch movie are my hobbies.
2. As an object
I want to play football every day.
Rina does not like to drink coffee.
3. As a subject complement
My hobby is to read.
The purpose of his coming is to accompany you.
My goal was to become a well-known writer.
Your duty is to finish the work in time.
*Able means the same as capable in many instances, but the grammar is very different. While able is
followed by the infinitive, capable is followed by of + [verb + ing].
These students are not yet able to handle such difficult problems.
These students are not yet capable of handling such difficult problems.
Practice 1: Identifying gerunds and infinitives. Directions: Underline the gerunds and infinitives in the
sentences. Circle GER for gerunds. Circle INF for infinitives.
Practice 3: Fill in the blanks with verbs in the parentheses into either the gerund or the infinitive.
1. We insist on __________ (cook) the dinner ourselves.
2. I don’t fancy __________ (go) out tonight.
3. She avoided __________ (tell) him about her plans
4. I would like __________ (come) to the party with you.
5. She helped me __________ (carry) my suitcases.
6. I’ve finished __________ (cook) – come and eat!
7. We discussed __________ (go) to the cinema, but in the end we stayed at home.
8. I don’t recommend __________ (take) the bus – it takes forever!
9. We hope__________ (visit) Amsterdam next month.
10. Do you mind ________ (travel) such a long way to work every day?
1. Because of the on-going dispute, the politician rests the president’s________ for hearing the session on
a cabinet reshuffles.
a. to call b. call c. called d. calling
PROGRESS TEST
Test 1: Completion
Directions: Complete the sentences with the words in parentheses: gerunds or infinitive.
10. It takes care, patience, and a little luck (take) _________ a really good photograph of wildlife.
11. No matter how wonderful a trip is, it’s always good (get) ___________ back home and
(sleep) ___________ in one’s own bed.
12. A: Quit (stare) __________ at the phone. Greg isn’t going to call
B: I keep (think) __________ the phone will ring any second.
A: I don’t mean (be) _________ unsympathetic, but I think you’d better forget about Greg.
It’s over.
13. It’s important to your health for you (work) _____ at a job you like. If you hate (go) ______
to your job, you should seriously think about (look) ____________ for a different kind of
job. The stress of (do) _________ work you hate day in and day out can damage your health.
14. (ask) ________ others about themselves and their lives is one of the secrets of (get) ________
along with other people. If you want (make) _________ and (keep) ___________ friends, it
is important (be) ______________ sincerely interested in other people’s lives.
15. I keep (forget) ________ (call) ___________ my friend Lousi. I’d better write myself a note.
16. I like (travel) _____________ to out-of-the-way places. I don’t like (go) _____________ to
usual tourist places when I’m on holiday.
17. Stop (crack) _______________ those nuts with your teeth! Here. Use a nutcracker. Do you
want (be) ______________ toothless by the time you’re thirty?
18. Different cultures have different gestures. When North Americans meet someone, they usually
offer a strong handshake and look the other person straight in the eye. In some countries,
however, it is impolite (shake) ____________ hands firmly, and (look) ___________ a
person in the eye is equally rude.
Test 3: Completion
Direction: complete the sentences with the correct verb forms from the words in parentheses.
What is your most (embarrass) ________ experience? Let me tell you what happened to my uncle
Ernesto when he (go) ________________ to Norway for a business meeting last year.
First, I must tell you about my uncle. He (be) _________ a businessman from Buenos Aires,
Argentina. He (manufacture) _________ a new kind of computer compass for ships. Computer compasses
(make) __________ by many companies in the world, so my uncle (have) ___________ a lot of
competition for his product. In order to sell his product, he (need) _______ (meet) _________ with
companies that might want to buy it. He (travel) _________a_ frequently to other countries.
Last year, he (go) _____ to Norway (meet) ______ with a shipping company. It was his first trip to
Scandinavia. My Uncle Ernesto(speak) _____ Spanish, of course and also (know) _______ a little English,
but he (know, not ) ________any Norwegian. While he (stay) _________ in Norway, he (have) ________ a
problem.
Uncle Ernesto (stay) _____________ at a small hotel in Oslo. One morning, while he (get)
______________ ready to take a shower, he (hear) ____________ a knock at the door. He (walk)
_____________ to the door (open) _____________it, and (find) ____________ no one. He (take)
_________ a step out of his room and (look) _______ down the hall. He (see) _________no one. So he
(turn) __________ (go) _______ back into his room , but the door (close) _____________. It (lock)
__________, and he (have, not) ________ properly. In fact , he (wear) ______________ nothing but a
towel. Poor Uncle Ernesto! “What (I, do ) ________________?” he asked himself.
Instead of (stand) ________ in the hallway with only a towel, he (decide) ________ (get)
_________ help. So he (start) _________ (walk) _____ down the hall toward the elevator. He thought
about (knock) _______ on someone else’s the door (ask) _______ for help, but decided it was better (ask)
___________the hotel personnel. He hoped the elevator would be empty.
28 PRE − INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
When he (reach) _______ the elevator, he (push) _______ the down button and (wait) ________.
When it (come) __________Uncle Ernesto (take) _________ a deep breath and (get) ___________ in even
though the elevator wasn’t empty. The other people in the elevator (surprise) ___________ when they
(see) ________ a man who (wrap) ________ in a towel .
Uncle Ernesto (think) _______ about (try) __________ (explain) _______ his problem, but
unfortunately he (know, not) ________ any Norwegian. He said in English “ Door. Locked. No key” A
businessman in the elevator (nod) ________ but he (smile, not) _______. Another man (look) ________ at
Uncle Ernesto and (smile) ________ broadly.
After an eternity, the elevator (reach) ________ the ground floor. Uncle Ernesto (walk) _________
straight to the front desk and (look) __________ at the hotel manager helplessly. The hotel manager (have
to understand, not) _________ any language (figure) ________ out the problem. My Uncle (have to say,
not )_________ a word. The manager (grab) _________ a key, (take) ________ my uncle by the elbow,
and (lead) _________him back to the nearest elevator .
My Uncle (embarrass, still) __________about the incident. But he ( laugh) _________ a lot when he
(tell) ____________ the story.
19. I like to travel because you learn too much about other countries and cultures.
20. Instead of settle down in one place, I’d like to travel around the world.
6. The baby is afraid be away from her mother for any length of time.
14. That was very good, but I'm too full no eat any more.
16. Instead to get her degree in four years, Michelle decided traveling abroad first.
17. Swim with a group of people is more enjoyable than swim alone.
1. ‘What did the speaker say at the seminar?’‘_______ while they are watching TV is very important.’
4. ‘What has made him so busy these days?’ ‘________ for the Bazaar that will be held next month.’
A. To prepare B. Preparing C. She prepares D. In preparing E. Its preparation
5. According to the latest issue of the journal of American Medical Association, _ ______ can reduce the risk of
sudden cardiac death in men.
10. ‘What is she worrying about this time?’ ‘__ from her son after the car accident.’
A. Not to hear B. In setting up C. Having heard D. She hasn’t heard E. Set up
11. ‘What has the donated money been used for?’
‘_______ a school for the needy.’
A. We set up B. In setting up C. Setting up D. Sets up E. It is set up
12. ‘What has the donated fund been used for?’ ‘_______ a school for the needy.’
A. We set up B. In setting up C. Setting up D. Sets up E. It is set up
13. Tati declined the offer of _______ to Singapore a representative of our company.
A. being transferred B. to transfer C. is transferred D. transferred E. be transferred
14. We decided to stay home because Sita wasn’t keen on _______ out in the rain.
A. go B. to go C. goes D. going E. went
15. ‘What does this song remind you of?’ ‘_______ with my first date.’
A. I dance B. To be dancing C. To dance D. Dance E. Dancing
16. Little children are usually afraid of _______ by their mothers.
A. left B. leaving C. to leave D. been left E. being left
17. My parents are very happy about _______ the first prize in the essay contest.
A. my winning B. that I win C. I am winning D. I win E. me winning
18. My brother has been away from home for years without ever _______ to us.
A. to write B. writing C. to be writing D. written E. have written
19. “What are the horns of buffalo used for?” “Well, mostly for _______ handicrafts.”
A. make B. they make C. to make D. making E. being made
20. We are astonished at _______ a good score for his TOEFL in spite of his poor English.
A. he could get B. to be able to get C. be able to get D. being able to get E. his being able to get
21. She was very sad because her father did not approve of _______ too often.
A. I saw her B. me seeing her C. me to see her D. that I see her E. my seeing her
22. “What was he punished for?” “_______ others to break school rules.”
A. When he persuaded C. To persuade E. By persuading
B. In order to persuade D. Persuading
26. After _______ his pass, he was allowed to enter the building.
A. shown B. showing C. have shown D. to show E. showed
29. Facing hard time, people with very low income are looking forward to _______ by the well-to-do in getting the
daily basic necessities.
A. being supported B. be supporting C. supporting D. be supported E. supported
30. My brother, who was not used to _______ a room with someone else, was quite unhappy when he couldn’t have
his own room in the dormitory.
A. sharing B. be shared C. share D. being shared E. be sharing
31. In her letter my friend said that she was looking forward _______ from me again.
A. to hearing B. having hear C. to being heard D. to hear E. hearing
68. As I found out that not all of the workshop participants knew about this week’s schedule, I got my secretary
_______ it right away.
A. distributing B. to distribute C. distributed D. in distributing E. she distributes
69. Even a very small satellite in orbit round the earth can be used __twice as much electricity as the largest
conventional power station.
A. product B. productive C. to produce D. productivity E. production
70. The memory trace, which forms the internal representation of the specific information about an event stored in
the memory, is probably made by structural changes in the brain, although the problem is that the memory trace
isn’t really subject to direct observation because it’s more a theoretical contruction that we us _______ about
how information presented at a particular time can cause performance at a later time.
A. speculating B. speculated C. to speculate D. to be speculating E. we speculate
36 CONDITIONAL SENTENCES INTERMEDIATE – ADVANCED GRAMMAR | HI-ENGLISH anti gagap Inggris
71. The term “placebo” is used _______a “pill” that contains no medical ingredients but that often produces the
same effect as genuine medication.
A. describe B. it describes C. to describe D. they describe E. describing
72. Some people use music or clothing or certain hairstyle_______them in connection with a certain pieces of
music for instance other, teenagers like them are example of this use of music.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. they help E. helped
73. “What was the last thing you said to the students just now?” “_______to campus.”
A. Not now to wear sandals C. You don’t wear sandals E. They don’t wear sandals
B. For not wearing sandals D. wearing no sandals
74. “Why do you always leave so early?” “_______the first train to campus.”
A. Not miss B. For not missing C I don’t miss D. Do not miss E. Not to miss
75. ‘Why are your friends writing a petition to the headmaster?’
‘_______our canteen and sport facilities improved.’
A. Get B. Got C. Getting D. To get E. Forgetting
76. The motion picture originated when a series of still photographs were spliced and viewed in rapid
succession___ the illusion of movement and continuity.
A. for creation B. in the creation of C. to be created by D. to create E. created
77. ‘What are you planning to do with all these painting?’ ‘_______them in the cultural center next month.’
A. To be exhibiting B. Be exhibiting C. To exhibit D. We exhibit E. Will exhibit
78. The acids, salts, and vitamins that fruits furnish are very helpful _______ a balanced and healthful diet.
A. to keep B. they keep C. kept D. for keeping E. keeping
79. ___ a skillful photographer, a person should have both manual skill and a good eye for detail.
A. Becoming C. When he becomes E. He can become
B. Having become D. To become
80. ‘What is Iwan’s decisions concerning his house?’ ‘____it before putting it up for sale.’
A. His renovating B. Renovated C. For renovating D. To renovate E. Be renovated
81. ‘What do you use my calculator for?’‘________this math problem.’
A. In solving B. To solve C. My solving D. I solve E. Solved
82. ‘Why do you have to stay at home tomorrow?’ ‘_______my little brother.’
A. Takes care B. For taking care C. Taking care D. I will take care E. To take care
83. The reason why I am here is _______you fill in the forms for the scholarship.
A. help B. I will help C. to help D. I am helping E. helping
84. The crowd has been waiting outside the hotel for hours just _________a glimpse of the famous singer.
A. getting B. for getting C. they get D. to get E. get
85. I usually take a walk early in the morning _______ some fresh air.
A. getting B. I get C. get D. be getting E. to get
86. Would you like the merchandise ________ early in the morning?
A. delivering B. deliver C. when delivered D. to be delivered E. is delivered
95. It is often difficult for new university students ______ themselves to their new environment.
A. they adapt B. adapt C. to adapt D. being adapted E. adapting
96. ‘Has there been a new policy about sick leaves?’ ‘I don’t know, I don’t remember ______ about it.’
A. was being told B. to be told C. being told D. be told E. I was being
told
97. Being lost, the tourist stopped ________ at his map for the place they wanted to visit.
A. looking B. he looked C. to look D. was looking E. looked
98. ‘Let’s go and have lunch’
‘I’ll join you later. I had better not stop________ on this report now.’
A. work B. working C. to work D. am working E. I’ll work
99. ‘Why are so late?’ ‘We had to stop on the way _________ some gasoline.’
A. to buy B. we had to buy C. we bought D. buying E. must buy
100. ‘Where is Jack?’ ‘Oh, I completely forgot _________ him.’
A. to invite B. not to invite C. not inviting D. inviting E. invite
101. I remember __ in this town when traffic wasn’t too heavy yet.
A. be driving B. our driving C. we drive D. to drive E. drive
102. Are you familiar with the environment here? Very much. I can remember ____ here and there by a friend
around.
A. was accompanied C. being accompanied E. I was being accompanied
B. to be accompanied D. be accompanied
104. ‘Do you really want to buy this old crumbling house?’
‘Yes, we know the house needs________, but we love the surroundings.’
A. to repair B. repaired C. to be repairing D. be repaired E. repairing
105. ‘It’s hot in here. The air-conditioner is not working.’ ‘I think it only needs__________.’
A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. be cleaned E. cleaned
106. All new students at this university are required __________ an English proficiency test.
A. taking B. will take C. having to take D. to take E. take
109. ‘The students are talking so excitedly; what do they want?’ ‘________ the test postponed until next week.’
A. In having B. To have C. Having D. They have E. I have
110. “What is it that you want us to do?” “________ all the lights when you leave the office.”
A. Turning off B. To turn off C. For turning off D. We turn off E. You turn off
111. In a movie, music in the background helps _____ your mood. In a church or temple, music makes the
ceremonies more effective.
A. determination B. determiner C. determined D. determine E. determining
112. ‘Can you send this letter for me? I’m in a hurry.’ ‘Don’t worry. I will have Tina _________ it for you.’
A. fax B. faxes C. faxed D. to fax E. will fax
113. The teacher had students who didn’t bring their identification cards ________ the auditorium where the exams
were held.
A. left B. leaving C. leave D. leaves E. to leave
114. My little brother had scattered all his toys on my bed, so I had him_______the bed before night fell.
A. clear B. be clearing C. to be cleared D. to clear E. cleared
115. ‘I fixed the lights in the bathroom yesterday, but it went out again today.’
‘Why don’t you have an electrician_________it.’
A. checking B. check C. checked D. checks E. to checked
118. The schoolmaster had the students________their lessons before the exam.
A. to review B. reviewed C. reviewing D. review E. to be reviewed
119. Since her handwriting is very bad, we will have her_______her composition.
A. types B. type C. typed D. to type E. typing
120. “Aren’t you going to make hotel reservation?” “No, I’ll have the travel agent_________.”
A. to do it B. do it C. in doing it D. he does it E. doing it
121. I will have my secretary_________an appointment with Mr. Sandy for next week.
A. cry B. to make C. made D. making E. make
122. The fact that he was put into prison for something he has not done made his wife__.
A. cry B. to cry C. to be crying D. crying E. cried