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Differential Equations Worksheet

1. The differential equation describing the filling of an underground storage tank is dh/dt = 20 - 4.95h^2. 2. A model of the expansion of a sphere assumes the rate of increase of surface area is proportional to volume. This satisfies the differential equation dr/dt = 0.05r^2. 3. The cooling of a liquid in a constant temperature atmosphere satisfies the differential equation dθ/dt = -k(θ-A), where θ is the liquid's temperature and A is the atmosphere's temperature.

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Chido Dzirutwe
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98 views

Differential Equations Worksheet

1. The differential equation describing the filling of an underground storage tank is dh/dt = 20 - 4.95h^2. 2. A model of the expansion of a sphere assumes the rate of increase of surface area is proportional to volume. This satisfies the differential equation dr/dt = 0.05r^2. 3. The cooling of a liquid in a constant temperature atmosphere satisfies the differential equation dθ/dt = -k(θ-A), where θ is the liquid's temperature and A is the atmosphere's temperature.

Uploaded by

Chido Dzirutwe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I

An underground storage tank is being filled with liquid as shov.'ll in the diagram. Initially the tank is
empty. At time l hours after filling begins. the volume of liquid is Vm3 and rhe depth of liquid is hm.
It is given that V = fh 3 •

The liquid is poured in at a rate of 20 m 3 per hour. bur owing to leakage. liquid is lost at a rate
dh
propott1onal to h2 . When I,= l. dJ = 4.95.
.

(I) Show that /J satisfies the differential equation

di,
di= 1,2-20· [4]

20 2
U Verify that " " -20 + 2000 . [I]
() IOO-h2 (l0-h)(IO+h)

(ill) Hence solve the differential equation in part (i). obtaining an expression for r in tenus of h. [5]

100
(I) Express x'(IO-x) in panial fractions. [4]

(II) Given that x = I when t = 0. so lve the differential equation


d.r _ I 2 .
di-Too·' ( 10 - ., ).

o btaining an expression fort in terms of x . (61


3 In a model o f the expansion of a sphere of radius rem. it is assumed that. at time f seconds after the
;;; tart. the rate of increase of th e surface area of the sphere is proportional to its volume. When 1 = 0.
dr
r = 5 .:ind d/ = 2.

(i) Show that r sati sfies the differential equation

= o.osr2. [4]
dt

fThc surface arcn A and volume V of a sphere of radius rare given by the formulae A = 41r12 .
V= j,r,-3,J
(ii) Solve thi s differential equation. obtaining an expression for r in tcnns of/. [51

(iii) Deduce from your answer to part (ii) the set of values that I can take. according to thi s model.
[I]

4 The temperature of a quantity of liquid at time f is 9. The liquid is cooling in an atmosphere whose
temperature is constant and equal lo A. The rate o f decrease of 0 is prop.::,rtional to 1he temperature
difference (8-A). Thus 8 and I s.it isfy the differential equa tio n

d0
di= -k(0-A).
where k is a positive constant.

(i) Find. in any form. the solution of thi s differential equation. given that 0 = 4A when I= 0. [51

(ii) Given also that 0 = 3A when 1 = I. show that k = Inf [ IJ

(iii) Find 8 in terms of A when I= 2. expressing you r answer in its simplest fonn. 131

5 Given that y = U when x = l. solve the differential equation

XV~ =\'
· cir
2
·
+ 4.

2
obta inin g an expression for y in terms o f x. [6]

The equ.ttion of a curve is


x lny=2r+ I.

dv v

G (I) Show that ,j';: = -:;:, .

(ii) Find the equation of the tangent to the curve at the point where y
[4[

= I. giv ing your answer in the


form ax + by+ c = 0. 141

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