1st CONDITIONALS

Mệnh đề IF Mệnh đề CHÍNH

If + S + V0/s/es S + will/ can/ may V0…

Ex:
1. If Lan gets the job, she’ll move to New York.
2. If it’s raining tomorrow, we may not go to the festival.
3. If you wait here for a minute, I’ll get you a drink.
4. If you don’t leave right now, I’ll call the police!
Lưu ý: động từ vế if ở thì hiện tại, thường ở thì hiện tại đơn.

Cách dùng:
1. Nói về điều có khả năng xảy ra trong tương lai.
2. Đưa ra đề xuất, cảnh báo, mệnh lệnh.

Alternatives to “if” (Các trường hợp thay thế cho “if”)

I won’t wash your car unless you pay me.
unless
(I won’t wash your car if you don’t pay me.)
in case Take an umbrella in case it rains.

even if I won’t wash your car even if you pay me!

provided (that)
providing (that)
as long as
You can borrow the car provided I have it back by six o’clock.
so long as,
only if,
on (the) condition (that)
whether… or not They’ll deliver the furniture whether there’s someone to receive it or not.
whether or not… They’ll deliver the furniture whether or not there’s someone to receive it.
in case of + N In case of fire, do not use the elevator.

Inverted conditionals (Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 1)

If the situation worsens, the UN is prepared to send in a peacekeeping force.
→ Should the situation worsen, the UN is prepared to send in a peacekeeping force.
Should + S + V0
Please let me know if you have any questions.
→ Please let me know should you have any questions.
Fill in the blanks (Điền vào chỗ trống)
1. If you (check) _____________________ out, you will need to hand your key to reception.
2. If I win the lottery, I (buy) _____________________ a big house.
3. If I (drink) _____________________ too much coffee, I can’t sleep at night.
4. If I sell my car, I (not / get) _____________________ much money for it.
5. If you (find) _____________________ it, can you call me?
6. If he does well in his exams, he (go) _____________________ to university.
7. If we (not / take) _____________________ our coats, we’ll be cold.
8. Steve, if I cook dinner, (you / do) _____________________ the washing up?
9. If I (get) _____________________ home too late, my parents will be worried.
10. If they take the bus, it (be) _____________________ cheaper.
11. If your sister goes to Paris, she (have) _____________________ a good time.
12. You’ll be late for school if you (not / get) _____________________ up now.
13. If they play computer games all night, they (be) _____________________ tired tomorrow.
14. If I (explain) _____________________ the problem to my sister, she’ll be happy to help me.
15. We’ll be late for the film if we (not / hurry) _____________________ up.
16. If you (get) _____________________ a red card, you can’t play in the rest of the game.
17. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we (go) _____________________ to the beach.
18. Arsenal (be) _____________________ the champion if they win this match.
19. You had better take the keys in case I (be) _____________________ out.
20. You will pass your exams provided that you (study) _____________________ hard.
21. I don’t want to stay in London unless I (get) _____________________ a well-paid job.
22. I’ll give you a key in case I (not / be) _____________________ at home.
23. You can go to the party as long as you (be) _____________________ back by midnight.
24. If I (buy) _____________________ a more expensive bike, I can’t pay my rent.
25. The project (be) _____________________ delayed if I don’t finish this report on time.
26. If you (eat) _____________________ greasy food, you can be overweight.
27. If I leave now, I (arrive) _____________________ in New York by 8:00 PM.
28. If I (see) _____________________ Sarah, I’ll tell her to call you.
29. If you go right at the end of this street, you (see) _____________________ a bank on your left.
30. What (happen) _____________________ if somebody presses that button?
31. If he (ask) _____________________ me, I won’t lend him my car.
32. If I (miss) _____________________ miss lunch, I’ll get a sandwich later.
33. (you / work) _____________________ hard if you are better paid?
34. You (not / do) _____________________ well on your test if you don’t study.
35. They won’t know the truth if you (not / tell) _____________________ them.
36. We (buy) _____________________ everything you produce provided the price is reasonable.
37. The match will be cancelled if the weather (be) _____________________ too bad.
38. If we (go) _____________________ shopping tomorrow, I’ll probably buy a new top.
39. If mom is tired tonight, I (cook) _____________________ dinner.
40. *Let’s go to that mall if you (not / be) _____________________ there before.
 2nd CONDITIONALS

Mệnh đề IF Mệnh đề CHÍNH

V2/ed
If + S + were (not) S + would/ could/ /might (not) + V0
did not + V0
Ex:
1. If I became rich, I would spend all my time travelling.
2. If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that bike.
3. If you didn’t come here, she would be dissapointed.

Cách dùng: Diễn đạt 1 điều kiện không có thực, không thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai, hoặc 1 điều
trái với hiện tại.

Inverted conditionals (Đảo ngữ câu điều kiện loại 2)

If I were you, I wouldn’t buy that bike.
→ Were I you, I wouldn’t buy that bike.
O
Were (not) + S +
to V0
If he pressed that button, we’d all have problems.
→ Were I you, I wouldn’t buy that bike.

Exercise 1:
1. If I (have) had a typewriter, I could type it myself.
2. You could make much progress if you (attend) attended class regularly.
3. If I (know) knew his telephone number, I would give it to you.
4. He (come) would come if you waited.
5. What (you do) would you do if you got fat?
6. If you (ring) rang the bell, the servant would come.
7. If it (not, rain) didn’t rain a lot, the rice crop wouldn’t grow.
8. If today (be) were Sunday, we wouldn’t have to work.
9. They would not be paid unless they (do) did their work well.
10. If I became very rich, I (build) would build a hospital for the poor.
11. You would have to stay in bed unless your health (improve) improved.
12. If I (have) had a typewriter, I could type it myself.
13. You (make) would make much progress if you attended class regularly.
14. If I (know) knew his telephone number, I would give (give) it to you.

Exercise 2:
1. ________ you, I would think twice about that decision. It could be a bad move.
A. If I am B. should I be C. were I D. if I had been
2. “Would you like some cake?” – “No thanks. If I ________ cake, I ________ fat.”
A. ate/ will get B. ate/ would get
 C. would eat/ could get D. am eating/ will get
3. “My boss made me work overtime again.” – “If I ________ you, I ________ my job.”
A. were/ would have quit B. am/ will quit
C. was/ must quit D. were/ would quit
4. We do not visit the museum because we have no time.
A. If we have time, we will visit the museum.
B. If we had time, we would visit the museum.
C. If we had had time, we would visited the museum.
D. If we had had time, we will visit the museum.
5. What would happen if you ________ to work tomorrow?
a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. won’t go d. wouldn’t go
6. What would you do if you ________ a million dollars?
a. would win b. win c. had won d. won
7. They’d be hurt if I ________.
a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. hadn’t gone d. wouldn’t go
8. If we took the 6:30 train, we ________ too early.
a. would have arrived b. arrived c. will arrived d. would arrive
9. What do you do if you won the first prize of the lottery?
A B C D
10. Would people be able to fly, if they have feathers instead of hair?
A B C D
11. If your son were old enough, he could be able to take the competition next week
A B C D
12. If I ________ you, I ________ do that.
a. am/ will b. were /would c. were/ will d. had been/ would
13. If I were offered the job, I think I ________ it.
a. take b. will take c. would take d. would have taken
14. I would be very surprised if he ________.
a. refuses b. refused c. had refused d. would refuse
15. Many people would be out of work if that factory ________ down.
a. closes b. had closed c. closed d. would close
16. If she sold her car, she ________ much money.
a. gets b. would get c. will get d. would have got
17. They would be disappointed if we ________.
a. hadn’t come b. wouldn’t come c. don’t come d. didn’t come
18. Would John be angry if I ________ his bicycle without asking?
a. take b. took c. had taken d. would take
19. She ________ terrible upset if I lost this ring.
a. will be b. would be c. were d. had been
20. If someone ________ in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.
a. would walk b. walks c. had walked d. walked