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CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE (Chapter 2)

1. Online learning has become more common as the COVID-19 pandemic forced many schools to transition to remote instruction. While some students thrive in online environments where they can learn at their own pace, others struggle without face-to-face interaction and support. 2. A lack of rigorous research examining the educational productivity and cost-effectiveness of online learning programs makes it difficult for administrators and policymakers to evaluate online learning models relative to traditional instruction. The studies that do exist often only consider costs or student outcomes separately rather than comparing the overall productivity of different approaches. 3. One study found that online courses can exacerbate achievement gaps, with Latinx students having lower completion rates, lower grades, and being more than

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71 views2 pages

CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE (Chapter 2)

1. Online learning has become more common as the COVID-19 pandemic forced many schools to transition to remote instruction. While some students thrive in online environments where they can learn at their own pace, others struggle without face-to-face interaction and support. 2. A lack of rigorous research examining the educational productivity and cost-effectiveness of online learning programs makes it difficult for administrators and policymakers to evaluate online learning models relative to traditional instruction. The studies that do exist often only consider costs or student outcomes separately rather than comparing the overall productivity of different approaches. 3. One study found that online courses can exacerbate achievement gaps, with Latinx students having lower completion rates, lower grades, and being more than

Uploaded by

lilibeth garcia
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1.

In the United States, now there are many children who are focused on social media even
though the online class /learning has not been implemented yet, then there are also many children
who even though kinder garden is online learning or online class they are already studying or
taking the class .because here they can access their respective classes faster, especially the
elementary and secondary students, they can pass on the outputs and activities that they are asked
to do faster. it shows that students are able to learn faster and they are able to submit outputs or activities
at the right time given to them.

2.The Boston-based consulting firm Edventures, Inc.(2006). face to face is the best way to attend
class or the way students like me study because it is more visible or more explained here and you
can experience the times you raise your hand and say what you want about the topic but in online
class is also the best way especially when we have a pandemic he helped a lot because this is our
way to get into our school/class and so that we can study and here we can pass on the outputs or
activities that we will do faster and so that we can also avoid of the virus. any way we use as
long as we can study well and we learn something and we graduate

The term online learning can be used to refer to a


wide range of programs that use the Internet to provide instructional materials and facilitate
interactions between teachers and students and in some cases among students as well.
Online learning can be fully online, with all instruction taking place through the Internet, or
online elements can be combined with face-to-face interactions in what is known as blended
learning (Horn and Staker 2010),many school districts and states are turning to online learning.
The purpose of this report is to support educational administrators and policymakers in
becoming informed consumers of information about online learning and its potential impact
on educational productivity. The report provides foundational knowledge needed to examine
and understand the potential contributions of online learning to educational productivity,
including a conceptual framework for understanding the necessary components of rigorous
productivity analyses, drawing in particular on cost-effectiveness analysis as an accessible
method in education
The report also includes a review of ways that online learning might offer productivity
benefits compared with traditional place-based schooling. Unfortunately, a review of the
available research that examined the impact of online learning on educational productivity
for secondary school students was found to be lacking. No analyses were found that
rigorously measured the productivity of an online learning system relative to place-based
instruction in secondary schools.

This lack of evidence supports the call of the National


Educational Technology Plan (U.S. Department of Education 2010a) for a
national initiative
to develop an ongoing research agenda dedicated to improving productivity in the education
sector. The evidence summarized in this report draws on literature that addressed either costs
or effectiveness

These studies typically were limited because they did not bring the two together in a productivity ratio
and compare results with other alternatives.
U.S. Online learning can help students flourish. The best online learning combines elements in which
students can go at their own pace and are set-up to think deeply and critically about subject matter with
elements in which students go online at the same time to interact with other students, their teacher and the
content, says Greenhow. The students can have more control over their learning process in an online
learning environment.

In a 2012 study of (California’s community colleges), Ray Kaupp, who is now the regional director
of the Bay Area Community College Collaborative, coined the term “online penalty,” which is more
severe for vulnerable students. The study focused on Latinx and white students and reports that
completion and success rates are lower for Latinx students. “Online instruction was found to significantly
exacerbate the achievement gap, with Latino students experiencing a nine percentage point lower success
rate, grades that average two-tenths of a grade point lower, and withdrawal rates over twice as high,”
writes Kaupp.

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