chapter 1 SS Unit 1 Introducing .NET 4.1 Introduction to .Net Framework 4.2 Benefits of Net 1.3. Building Blocks of NET 4.4 .NET Languages 4.5 Common Language Runtime 4.6 .NET Class Library 1.7 Questions [1.1 Goals of .NET Provide a new development platform for internet and distributed applications. ‘Simplify application development and deployment. Provide a platform for building web services. Improve interoperability and integration between systems and applications. Enable “universal access” of applications from any device. ding Blocks of .NETsaaner Framework AreiteceTS 1131 sommon Language SP | § = Windows Forms 2 ASPNET. g XML re efcoc . | | 5 ‘Common Language Runtime (CLR) jes the new NET Framework, which is a set of system service, a es : ik dnd give easier access tothe deep set of functionaliy ae Pe Tenet fame work enhances developer productivity, because it handles many sre puis that are required for components to work together, and to scale, i rel end introduces a high level of thread safety, so that eran ray caah an aplication, The NET Framework allows developers to concentrate o instead of worzying about management details "Framework is a layered system of classes and services that start with the operating moves ap through a set of system-level classes (the Base Class Library) ang parts are: /defines a common type system for all languages. Ffinctional base classes that may be inherited or extended inherit. System. IO provides serialization to has files and streams. ‘are focused on one aspect of development library, and are designed to make it easier and , ASP.NET includes classes that are ADONET (for data access) and Forms (the successor to VB forms).iii Common Language Specification: Defines requirements for INET languages, by specifying & set of rules that [NET compliant languages must follow. One of these rules is that the language must adhere to common type system. Multiple Programming Languages: VB.NET, CH-NET and C#,NET just some of the ‘many languages that are available for coding in NET the NET Framework provides one platform and a unified programming mode! for several languages. Java is conspicuously absent from .NET family of languages, probably due to the licensing dispute between Sun Microsystems and Microsoft, Visual Studio.NET: An integrated development environment for coding with NET framework. The diagram shows VS.NET spanning the entire NET Framework because it provides tools that access each part ofthe framework. Windows and COM+ Services: These are technically not part ofthe NET Framework, but they are a requirement for today's NET Framework SDK. 11.4.NET Enterprise Servers Microsoft js orienting all of their recent and upcoming technology around .net, and to this end, they have identified a suite of products called NET Enterprise Servers, which. are server-based applications that Web-chable enterprise systems: 1, Windows 200 Advanced Server: Operating system that provides a platform for NET Server software, as well as custom NET applications, one the NET Framework is installed. Windows 2000 Advanced server is Microsoft's recommended platform for developing enterprise-level applications, but you do have other options, namely, the other Microsoft operating systems, such as windows 2000 professional, and the new Windows XP. TB Apptication Center 2000: Provides management support for applications, to improve thee ‘scalability and availability. © 3 SQLServer 2000: Provides Database suppor, including data storage, analysis and indexing, “A, Exchange Server 2000; Provides Real time communication services including email 5, Host Integration Server 2000: Provides integration with legacy host systems. |G Internet Security and Acceleration Server: Manages Internet connectivity, including firewall management. / "7% Commerce Server 2000: Enables development of e-commerce sites. ( 8. BizTalk Server 2000; Facilitates business-to-business communications and enables data | __ translation between applications, and automates business processes. 1.1.5 .NET Applications There are several types of applications that can build with NET: 1. Windows Forms Applications 2, Windows Forms Controls 3. Windows Service Applications 4, ASPNET Web Applications Es Web Services.i a 1 rade Forms Applications: Windows Forms are objects derived from .NET framework, Dep of extensible set of classes, a form-based user interface and n-tier partitioned ae They classes can be used as such or may be extended by the developer. ‘informs gives the following features: 4 A new Forms Architecture: An object-oriented set of classes, including the base Form class. Custom forms may inherit directly from the base form class. % The Control Object Model: A set of windows controls for the user interface. & A new Event Model: A set of events, based on delegates, which are sit callbacks, Delegates allow you to develop more complex, responsive event handlers 2. Windows Forms Controls: The Windows form controls are the successors to ActiveX controls. They are reusable components that provide a user interface and responsive to user events. The ‘NET framework provides a namespace ‘called System. Windows.Forms.Control, which provides the base classes that all windows form controls inberit from. 3. Windows Service Applications: Windows service applications are formerly called NT services. They are executables that run in independent windows sessions with no user interaction, Some of these services are Microsoft SQL-Server 2000, Microsoft Commerce server, Distributed Transaction Coordinator, IIS Admin Service, SMTP, Task Scheduler, ‘Windows installer, WWW publishing service. 5 ‘Visual studio: NET provides a special application installer that you include in your project as : dedicated application installer class. These instantates objec that are used to install and : ‘configure your windows service applications. Windows service applications also share similarities to regular applications. For example, they respond to lifecycle events, just as forms and classes respond to initialization and termination events. Windows service applications respond to events such as starting and fusing associated procedures like onStart and OnStop. Bit service applications do "not have a user interface. NET Web Applications: Asp.NET is now a compiled, object-oriented development where you develop using languages such as Vb and Cf. in addition, asp.NET NET frame work classes and services. s two programming models: these are analogous to windows forms, and even provide web controls on to the form to provide a user interface, and to automate uch as input validation. Web forms supports event driven @ the functionality of client side script. ais 3 pplication components that receive and respond to RPC calls over HTTP using XML ilar tosimplify Application Development ‘There are several limitations with current development tools technologies that reduces developer ity. Development should become easier because the NET framework provides a new set of tools, including a large set of object-oriented, extensible, system-level classes. The NET framework brings the power of the operating systems much closer to the developer through a rich set of classes and services that are more easily accessible than any previous Windows based set of API's. Developers will be able to spend less time on getting to the functionality they need, and more time tuilding software. simplify Application Deployment Application deployment are subject to the familiar headaches of “DLL Hell” that arise when ‘camponent registration get corrupted or type library versions get mixed up XML Everywhere ‘The -NET framework introduces XML into every aspect of software development on this new platform. XML is the common communication technology in .NET. itis used as the basis for a number of XML based grammars that describe information in the NET framework. A grammar refers 10 @ cllection of fixed XML tags that combines to describe a specific objector entity. So XML provides @ unified system for sharing data within the .NET framework and between components built using NET. the prominent role of XML makes web services possible and also makes it easier to share data across disconnected component. Universal Data Access Tn case of universal data access means that ability to access data anytime ffom anywhere regardless of what device u have at hand, Business users care first and foremost about their data cations are simply useful containers for displaying data. With NET traditional application can be as web services that deliver data as XML over HTTP, using the open standard called Simple ‘Access Protocol (SOAP). This is very flexible way to exchange data because XML does not how itis displayed. XML’s only role isto provide an efficient way of organizing the data. Web deliver the data and leave it up to the consumer to interpret it 2 ive provides the tools and technology for creating and implementing services. The concept of “software as a service” states that software should be highly ily accessible and support collaboration, The web services are a natural step towards distributed power of the Intemet. NET has been designed to ensure that all types of | participate in collaborative applications. In this context an application is no longer a set of components: instead it is made up of loosely coupled, distributed web services using XML and HTTP. According to the NET vision every Internet-enabled device for hosting web services. Developer can code web services in any lang. that‘Advanced Web Programming] act with any consumer that can work with XML on any they choose and their components may inte! . nd to any device operating system. And by their distributed nature, web services are available to respor that is hooked in to the Internet. The building blocks of INET includes the full suite of support products, vey from Visual Studio NET (the development environment) to windows 2000 and windows XP (the operating system that host. NET solutions which will move on to Windows.NET in the future) The building blocks of NET are: 1. The .NET framework 2. NET Enterprise servers 3, NET Building block services 4, Visual Studio NET 1. The .NET Framework ‘The important concepts ‘behind the .NET framework are: > Built on common set ‘of Framework classes. 5 Provides a Common Type System that is the comerstone of a unified programming model for all NET compliant languages. © Provides a Common language runtime that provides runtime services for components and applications. Bese sd clase libraries for ASP.NET, ADO.NET, XMLNET and windows forms > Visual Studio.NET is an integrated development ‘environment for the NET framework. 2 NET Enterprise Servers Examples of NET Enterprise Servers include: “Windows 2000 Advanced server—operating system that provides a platform for NET software as well as custom NET applications, once the NET framework is installed ows 2000 Advanced server is Microsoft's recommended platform for developing le management support for applications to improve theirFe 3, NET Building Block Services ‘qhe NET building block services will include: ‘D. Authentication—builds on Microsoft's Passport and Windows authentication technologies. Enables developers to authenticate a user behind-the-scenes and give them access to private content without bothering them to log in manually every ime they access a new application This authentication service will be available in the future operating system, code-named Black comb. ss for any device © Notification and Messaging—provides integrated messaging capa including instant messaging and email ‘2. Directory and Search—directory search services for locating people and finding information. {2 Calendar—much more than applet-like pop-up calendar. This service provides time ‘management and scheduling services for ur application, ‘2 XML Store—provides an addressable Toeation on the Intemet for storing. data. ‘The data stored as XML and is delivered using SOAP. XML data stores provide u with a single data store that can be accessed by all of ur devices. “The key features of Visual studio net are ‘© Fallintegration with net framework ‘© Integrated development environment ‘Mixed language development, including eross lang. debugging . ° ° RAD features for appln development ‘Visual designers for XML, HMTL and data, Expanded debugging across projects, including stored procedures. THe sippors common language model that manages code for mulple languages the Net langnges mist confi to rues hat are defined by CLS and CTS, CTS is important because it defines type system which reduces dsrepany in datatypes between languages. [Net code is compiled in a to step process whereby the code is frst converted into etal geocralized insincton st called MSIL, FITT complier works with the I instruction sett convert the code into mative code that is ued by he CLR. code is compiled into assembles, which are similar to dynamic ink rare excep they and are self describing. Hence in a single project user can some of the class files in C# VB.net defines conventions that languages must support in order to be interoperable ‘the CLS defines rules that range from naming conventions for interface members Pee keine GTS provides ineroperaton between, hagasPublic identifiers are ease sensitive Langs must be abe to resolve identifiers that are Stricter overloading rules: a given method name may re as long each one differs inthe numbers of parameters or argument fyPes & Properties and events must follow stret naming roles, ‘S All pointers mist be managed and referenees must be typed otherwise they cannot be verified, 2. Common Language Runtime: CLR provides runtime execution environment for NET Spplcations, Code that runs under CLR is called managed eode, because the CLR defines tre rales that the code’s development language must confirm to CLR works with two frame ‘work services to define the rules %@ CTS: Common Type System—defines standard reference and value type that are _ supported in the NET framework. = 1s: common Languaa= specification —defines rules that a development language ‘most comply with, in order tobe managed by .NET framework TGLR is an advanced runtime engine that provides the highest level of type safety, code ‘erification and exception handling managed code is more stable in a large part because WGonforms fo a stict set of rules that the CLR’ understands and can interpret at a high Tevel. CLR also work with wrappers for unmanaged com components. ‘The common type system defines how types are declared, the runtime, and is also an important part ofthe runtimes support for n. The common type system performs the following functions: ork that enables ros-language iniceration, type safety, and high equivalent to their keywords. fer to any number of methods ee% CLR provides runtime is called managed code, because the Cl confirm to. CLR works with two frame 2 CTS: Common Type inthe NET framework, 2 CLS: Common Language specification ‘comply with, in order to be managed CLR is an advanced runtime engine that provi verification and exception handling managed code is more ‘batrct set of rules that the CLR understands and can interp svork with wrappers for unmanaged com components.) |Pca MET RC a a Briefly the CLR provides the following features: J, It manages running code by verifying type safety, providing memory management garbage collection, and exception handling 2, Itprovides « common type system that promotes type safety and therefore more stable code. 3._ Itprovides access to system resources, including the windows API and COM InterOp services. 4, It provides cross language support, including unifies exception handling and debugging across languages, INET has an extensive library, offering literally thousands of reusable types. Organized into namespaces, the FCL contains code supporting all the .NET technologies, such as Windows Forms, Windows Presentation Foundation, ASP.NET, ADO.NET, Windows Workflow, and Windows Communication Foundation. In addition, the FCL has numerous cross-language technologies, including file VO, networking, text management, and diagnostics. As mentioned earlier, the FCL has CCLR support in the acas of built-in types, exception handling, security, and threading. Table below ‘shows some common FCL libraries. __ he -Net Framework class library (FCL) provides the core functionality of .Net Framework The -Net Framework class library (FCL) includes a huge collection of reusable classes, sand value types that expedite and optimize the development process and provide access to ality. Net Framework class library (FCL) organized in a hierarchical tree structure and it is ‘Namespaces, is.a logical grouping of types for the purpose of identification. Framework class (FCL) provides the consistent base types that are used across all NET enabled languages. The accessed by namespaces, which reside within Assemblies. e System Namespace is the root for types in the NET Framework. The .Net Framework class FCL) classes are managed classes that provide access to System Services. Tamework class library (FCL) classes ate object oriented and easy to use in program reover, third-party components can integrate With the classes in the .NET Framework. are some important namespaces that are defined in the NET Framework class ‘Description a This namespace includes all common datatypes, string values, arrays, methods for data conversion, and methods related to ‘mathematical oper: ‘These namespaces are used to access a database, perform ‘commands on a database, and retrieve and manipulate a database,| RE Re ‘Thee namespaces are used to acces, reads and write les, and ‘System.DirectoryServices, retrieve file paths. System.10.JsolatedStorage : This namespace is used to debug and trae the execution ofan System Diagnostics anpleation, ‘System.Net, “These namespaces are used to conimunicate Over the Internet System Net Sockets svhen creating peer-to-peer applications, System.Windows Forms, “These namespaces are used to create Windows-based System Windows. Forms Design _| applications using Windows Ser interface components. ‘System.Web, System. WebCaching, System.Web.UI, ‘System. Web.UL Design, System, Web.UWebControls, ‘These namespaces are used to create ASP.NET Web applications System.Web.ULHtmlControls, that execute over the Internet. System. Web.Configuration, System.Web Hosting, System.Web Mail, ___ | System.Web SessionState ‘System. Web Services, ; System. Web Services Description, stem. Web Services.Configuration, ‘These namespaces are used to create XML Web services and ‘Web Services.Discovery, -Web Services Protocols ‘components that can be published over the Internet. These namespaces are used for authentication, authorization, and encryption, Fi msspaes are usd o create and access XML files. on av pith‘What is NET Framework? What isin the NET Framework? Draw and Explain NET framework architecture. Describe the roles CLR in NET framework, Explain different NET Languages Explain framework base class library, ayeene Explain the benefits of NET Framework. OOO